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<document id="33B197081C56EB3602DD80DF8A21FA90" ID-CLB-Dataset="302762" ID-DOI="10.17161/jom.v0i25.4659" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a954f134-084d-41e5-8a41-61af66929a3b" ID-ISSN="2325-4467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13736871" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9AFCD1E3-42B6-4CB3-8321-35C60579289C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1722892427188" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Engel, Michael S., Ortega-Blanco, Jaime, Nascimbene, Paul C. &amp; Singh, Hukam" docDate="2013" docId="03E487BF757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEFB23B9" docLanguage="en" docName="JMelittology.2013.25.1-12.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Melittology 2013 (25)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i25.4659" docStyle="DocumentStyle:20C606B715423E98DFED429F4976A416.4:JMelittology.2013-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="20C606B715423E98DFED429F4976A416" docStyleName="JMelittology.2013-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Melikertes (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis Engel &amp; Ortega-Blanco &amp; Nascimbene &amp; Singh 2013, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="6F377DAD-AA95-4FF1-AABB-FAB4F4A1F5D1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFDDFFC7757AFFC7FFCFFFBDFF8D2740" masterDocTitle="The bees of Early Eocene Cambay amber (Hymenoptera: Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1725892524702" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
<mods:mods id="13C57EE5FE516B84F243A4DCD2D491C5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3F512DCD318FB981A348244DF0347FF9">
<mods:title id="5D084B8F0541EB2588AD0FA6021CC9DE">The bees of Early Eocene Cambay amber (Hymenoptera: Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2DA602A7D9CD60F80A95CB28011320E5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="14D96481BDC76A7F72739F85EEF0D6B4">Engel, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D8FD3C2BE692D10A580488C01E36F59D">Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; jaimeortega @ ku. edu). &amp; Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="653354F49E6FEDA8EBBD0F12F58F5868" type="personal">
<mods:role id="17427151E85EE532A394607446DE40BF">
<mods:roleTerm id="F0084419F14D7A4A47950D3F1D9AA551">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="28330E236721D900A30F08BB3A1B1A98">Ortega-Blanco, Jaime</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A57E940A1E28032F6F0A65721FCB0664">Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; jaimeortega @ ku. edu).</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2594B7C1C3DD96843B4E167632351DDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B602368A8A44FC97C18347F80D60B8E7">
<mods:roleTerm id="DAC9A95B2B3D14833C1D12AFBDE93910">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="978CEAF35F860CE211256706BDCB9D6F">Nascimbene, Paul C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="69637403E962741B5F150E1FA2D46022">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="42140D00688999A391744620AD3F439E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B04AD9643F5D53079863E9EF7692F9FE">Singh, Hukam</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="08893BC09E92864BF996036F67DB6655">Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007, India (hukams @ gmail. com).</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="016A1E6C84BF68EEE566877BAA8EA97D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="795B9FDB9D640DBE2FF4F7BF0157D39F">Journal of Melittology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="71728B335C5999A09A01E4B7A4E5A44D">
<mods:date id="161207F7D66DE9118F715A114AE7BFF5">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="55C0466D44835FDE741488684F9E721C">2013-12-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="24FE7823BF199BD33ED6E8BAAA59E174">2013</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E35DDB75E0A422E0EE4AF276C49A6208">25</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FA949DECB5E350E5E3620FC586DDA51B">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="85A950BDE7758B329CEF7EC68D978304">12</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="5A2F740897E9FAAA5BABFFC6F108851B" type="CLB-Dataset">302762</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="561B314EA128AA2216584F7E13271FCB" type="DOI">10.17161/jom.v0i25.4659</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="813B3150EF9609DA62E37894E6322BA4" type="Zenodo-Dep">13736871</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="77BEC776EAAE2A2D2124B2EA4E072C44" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9AFCD1E3-42B6-4CB3-8321-35C60579289C</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E487BF757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEFB23B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13736885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13736885" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F377DAD-AA95-4FF1-AABB-FAB4F4A1F5D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487BF757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEFB23B9" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF01FEBCFBC62679" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF01FEBCFBEF2659" blockId="5.[206,1122,257,281]" box="[206,1122,257,281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0BA81C5757FFFC2FF01FEBCFBEF2659" box="[206,1122,257,281]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D2A757FFFC2FF01FEBCFC472659" authority="Engel &amp; Ortega-Blanco" authorityName="Engel &amp; Ortega-Blanco &amp; Nascimbene &amp; Singh" authorityYear="2013" box="[206,970,257,281]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Melikertes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gujaratensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Paramelikertes">
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FF01FEBCFD3F2659" bold="true" box="[206,690,257,281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEC12659" bold="true" box="[206,332,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Melikertes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FE93FEBCFD9D2659" bold="true" box="[348,528,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paramelikertes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FDD0FEBCFD3F2659" bold="true" box="[543,690,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">gujaratensis</emphasis>
</emphasis>
Engel &amp; Ortega-Blanco
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57C0757FFFC2FC1AFEBFFBEF2659" box="[981,1122,257,281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF2AFE9EFBC62679" blockId="5.[229,1099,291,345]" box="[229,1099,291,313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
ZooBank:
<uri id="FFDC3AAB757FFFC2FE9DFE9EFBC62679" box="[338,1099,291,313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFEB0C7C757FFFC2FD87FE9EFBC62679" box="[584,1099,291,313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6F377DAD-AA95-4FF1-AABB-FAB4F4A1F5D1</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FD93FEFCFD592619" box="[604,724,321,345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FD93FEFCFD592619" blockId="5.[229,1099,291,345]" box="[604,724,321,345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
(
<figureCitation id="13762A2C757FFFC2FDABFEFCFD462619" box="[612,715,321,345]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="3.[160,241,1254,1276]" captionStartId-1="4.[160,231,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1168,224,1249]" captionTargetBox-1="[194,1164,242,1243]" captionTargetId-0="figure-123@3.[160,1168,224,1249]" captionTargetId-1="figure-161@4.[160,1168,225,1262]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figures 1–2. Photographs of holotype worker (AMNH Tad-41-A) of Melikertes (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis, new subgenus and species. 1. Entire specimen as preserved in dorsal oblique view. 2. Detail of forewing." captionText-1="Figure 3. Holotype worker (AMNH Tad-41-A) of Melikertes (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis, new subgenus and species." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13736875" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13736877" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13736875/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13736877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF1FFE3CFD5D26DA" box="[208,720,385,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF1FFE3CFD5D26DA" blockId="5.[160,1168,385,1273]" box="[208,720,385,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
DIAGNOSIS: As for the subgenus (
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FD9EFE3CFD4C26D9" box="[593,705,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vide supra</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF1FFE1CFEA524D9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF1FFE1CFEA524D9" blockId="5.[160,1168,385,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
DESCRIPTION:
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD20757FFFC2FEBDFE1FFE0B26F9" box="[370,390,418,441]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(worker): Total body length (as preserved) approximately
<quantity id="4CB59B4C757FFFC2FB8BFE1CFB0626F9" box="[1092,1163,417,441]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
; forewing length
<quantity id="4CB59B4C757FFFC2FEA8FE7CFE5D2699" box="[359,464,449,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="2.28">2.28 mm</quantity>
. Mandible elongate and narrow (though not entirely clear in possible views). Scape long and narrow, slightly widened apically; pedicel narrow; flagellomeres wider than scape and pedicel. Mesoscutellum damaged but apparently not covering metanotum or propodeum. Legs covered by apparently long, largely simple setae; metabasitarsus moderately expanded, with parallel sides, covered by distinctly branched setae, setae longer than metabasitarsal width; pretarsal claws widened basally, apparently simple. Forewing with basal vein straight, basad cu-a by slightly less than length of cu-a; M angled posteriorly after separating from Rs; r-rs slightly more than three-quarters length second abscissa of Rs; second abscissa Rs straight; 1rs-m absent; second submarginal cell; 1m-cu meeting second submarginal cell near base, distad second abscissa Rs by about one-half length of 1m-cu; 2rs-m confluent with 2m-cu; 2rs-m slightly arched apically in posterior half; discal and subdiscal cells much longer than high (around 3.8 times); marginal cell elongate. Metasoma densely covered by setae, without evidence bands of coloration or setae; tip of sting discernible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF1FFC1CFE0F235A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF1FFC1CFE0F235A" blockId="5.[160,1168,385,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B253CF4757FFFC2FF1FFC1CFE0F235A" collectionCode="AMNH" country="India" county="Tadkeshwar" location="January" municipality="Formation" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gujarat" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54F6880B757FFFC2FF1FFC1CFEC524F9" box="[208,328,929,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD20757FFFC2FE9FFC1FFEE924F9" box="[336,356,930,953]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE6C757FFFC2FEA0FC1FFE4424FA" box="[367,457,930,954]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">AMNH</collectionCode>
Tad-41-A (
<figureCitation id="13762A2C757FFFC2FD85FC1CFD0724F9" box="[586,650,929,953]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="3.[160,241,1254,1276]" captionTargetBox="[160,1168,224,1249]" captionTargetId="figure-123@3.[160,1168,224,1249]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–2. Photographs of holotype worker (AMNH Tad-41-A) of Melikertes (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis, new subgenus and species. 1. Entire specimen as preserved in dorsal oblique view. 2. Detail of forewing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13736875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13736875/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13762A2C757FFFC2FD59FC1CFD2924F9" box="[662,676,929,953]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,231,1267,1289]" captionTargetBox="[194,1164,242,1243]" captionTargetId="figure-161@4.[160,1168,225,1262]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype worker (AMNH Tad-41-A) of Melikertes (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis, new subgenus and species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13736877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13736877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</figureCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="F35A7639757FFFC2FD76FC1CFD7724F9" box="[697,762,929,953]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4989F84B757FFFC2FCCCFC1CFCD324F9" box="[771,862,929,953]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62934E25757FFFC2FCA7FC1CFC7524F9" box="[872,1016,929,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tadkeshwar</collectingCounty>
lignite mine; Cambay
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACD3757FFFC2FEC3FC7CFE0A2499" box="[268,391,961,985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Formation</collectingMunicipality>
(Paleo-Eocene), 72–12
<location id="8E926072757FFFC2FD55FC7FFD7A249A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487BF757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEFB23B9:8E926072757FFFC2FD55FC7FFD7A249A" box="[666,759,962,986]" country="India" county="Tadkeshwar" municipality="Formation" name="January" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Gujarat">January</location>
2009 (
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE6C757FFFC2FC89FC7CFC282499" box="[838,933,961,985]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">AMNH</collectionCode>
).
<location id="8E926072757FFFC2FC0CFC7CFBEA2499" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487BF757FFFC2FF01FEBCFEFB23B9:8E926072757FFFC2FC0CFC7CFBEA2499" box="[963,1127,961,985]" country="India" county="Tadkeshwar" municipality="Formation" name="Syninclusions" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Gujarat">Syninclusions</location>
include an aphelinid (Chalcidoidea), spider, and the aforementioned specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D2A757FFFC2FB83FC5FFF7F2359" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protobombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FB83FC5FFF7F2359" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Protobombus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FECDFBBCFEFF2359" box="[258,370,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">vide supra</emphasis>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF1FFB9CFE172319" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF1FFB9CFE172319" blockId="5.[160,1168,385,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet refers to the Indian State of
<collectingRegion id="4989F84B757FFFC2FC51FB9CFC742379" box="[926,1017,1057,1081]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
, from which the amber originates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3576522757FFFC2FF1FFBDCFEFB23B9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF236A9757FFFC2FF1FFBDCFEFB23B9" blockId="5.[160,1168,385,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
COMMENTS: Although the body of the
<typeStatus id="54F6880B757FFFC2FD41FBDCFD7A2339" box="[654,759,1121,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is not ideally preserved, the structure of the legs, mesoscutellum, metasomal terga, and absence of a clypeal protrusion (such protrusions are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D2A757FFFC2FDD5FB1FFD0223F9" authorityName="Engel" authorityYear="2001" box="[538,655,1186,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Succinapis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FDD5FB1FFD0223F9" box="[538,655,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Succinapis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) all indicate this to be a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D2A757FFFC2FBD0FB1CFEC52399" authority="(Engel, 2001 a)" baseAuthorityName="Engel" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Melikertes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EABB757FFFC2FBD0FB1CFB1D23F9" box="[1055,1168,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Melikertes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B58757FFFC2FF67FB7CFEB22399" author="Engel, M. S." box="[168,319,1217,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 192" refId="ref3854" refString="Engel, M. S. 2001 a. A monograph of the Baltic amber bees and evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 259: 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="2001">Engel, 2001a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of the extinct tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D2A757FFFC2FD5EFB7CFC992399" box="[657,788,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Melikertini">Melikertini</taxonomicName>
otherwise known only from the Eocene of Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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