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<document id="9B82DACF2CCACFC911496DA94803F06F" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2011n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4546941" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613603788907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gómez, José Francisco, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis, Nieves, María Hernández &amp; Stone, Graham Nicholas" docDate="2011" docId="03E487A7AF5227660639FD9F6827F97C" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.33.3.287-323.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 33 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B.6:Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Eurytoma rosae Nees 1834" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="313" masterDocId="FFDDFFDFAF4B277C0523FFCB691BFFD8" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe" masterLastPageNumber="323" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="312" updateTime="1698873130332" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="DBDEDAFFED7230767073A57F6EDE95DA">Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6F1B5811097F0E292A24E2B5B24BD819">Gómez, José Francisco</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F620EA3C9A0AAA211BFFA235BB61DBDB">Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (UCM), Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid (Spain) jf. gomez @ bio. ucm. es</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DD81EED850FB83A8315A6633488CE0C1">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAFA6B86F92BCC14191DE0337ECE0066">Nieves, María Hernández</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="68FA3A4A1CC306FF00C7A3F87D11D27E">Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain) aldrey @ mncn. csic. es</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1CE369AC654A2CE9D1FF38BFD15D55C9">Stone, Graham Nicholas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="72785A515B56196B59227B1B62ECC145">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH 9 3 JT (United Kingdom) graham. stone @ ed. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E1650EA50822770F220AC70B4D979D3" type="email">stone@ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D5F8756238AF35A19FA877C9DBE185F0">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="974F34F7A05417B0EB9F79DA6B4884DF">
<mods:date id="B4CB32CE2B5B6724494C5DFAF767E49A">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EBC17B03357875FDB7130407F540C78B">2011-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="66F56A99A5E2A2948B5C8E7F23A49B43">33</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E487A7AF5227660639FD9F6827F97C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487A7AF5227660639FD9F6827F97C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487A7AF5227660639FD9F6827F97C" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5227650639FD9F6D5FFDB7" box="[794,1092,596,623]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5227650639FD9F6D5FFDB7" blockId="25.[794,1092,596,623]" box="[794,1092,596,623]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<heading id="D0BA81DDAF5227650639FD9F6D5FFDB7" box="[794,1092,596,623]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5227650639FD9F6D5FFDB7" ID-CoL="3D822" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[794,1092,596,623]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5227650639FD9F6AD8FDB6" bold="true" box="[794,963,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Eurytoma rosae</emphasis>
Nees, 1834
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5227650786FD466D8EFBEA" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5227650786FD466D8EFBEA" blockId="25.[675,1210,653,1074]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Ex
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF52276506EBFD466BECFD67" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF52276506EBFD466D63FD7C" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[968,1144,653,677]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervosa">Diplolepis nervosa</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF52276501A0FD466BECFD67" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eglanteriae">D. eglanteriae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5227650620FD6C6A20FD67" bold="true" box="[771,827,679,703]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650620FD6C6A20FD67" box="[771,827,679,703]" name="Spain" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Spain</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. Guadalajara, Hayedo de Tejera Negra,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650787FD096A38FD02" box="[676,803,706,730]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2005-07-24">24.VII.2005</date>
, J. L.
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650647FD096ABDFD02" box="[868,934,706,730]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Nieves</collectingCountry>
leg (n = 3). — Madrid, El Escorial,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650623FD176A68FD2C" box="[768,883,732,756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2002-11-13">13.XI.2002</date>
, J. L.
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF522765068DFD176AF4FD2C" box="[942,1007,732,756]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Nieves</collectingCountry>
leg (n = 3). Ex
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF52276507E0FD336A03FCD6" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[707,792,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF52276507E0FD336A03FCD6" box="[707,792,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">D. mayri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5227650607FD3D6A47FCD6" bold="true" box="[804,860,758,782]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650607FD3D6A47FCD6" box="[804,860,758,782]" name="Spain" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Spain</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. Guadalajara, Retiendas,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650171FD3C6DADFCD7" box="[1106,1206,759,783]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2004-01-24">24.I.2004</date>
, J. L.
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF52276507F1FCDA6A08FCF1" box="[722,787,785,809]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Nieves</collectingCountry>
leg (n = 22, of which
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD38AF52276506C7FCDA6D42FCF1" box="[996,1113,785,809]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
MNHN-
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF5227650786FCE76BDDFC9C" box="[677,710,812,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">EY</collectionCode>
6416). — Madrid, Cotos de Monterrey,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650161FCE76DAEFC9C" box="[1090,1205,812,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2003-06-24">
24.
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF5227650143FCE76D66FC9C" box="[1120,1149,812,836]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">VI</collectionCode>
.2003
</date>
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 31). — Same locality,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650108FC8D6DBAFC86" box="[1067,1185,838,862]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2002-08-09">9.VIII.2002</date>
, J. L.
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650798FCAA6BE0FCA1" box="[699,763,865,889]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Nieves</collectingCountry>
leg (n = 3). — Soria, Cabrejas del Pinar, 14-15. II.04, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 5). — Soria, Embalse de la Cuerda del Pozo,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650672FC5D6AA6FC76" box="[849,957,918,942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2004-02-15">15.II.2004</date>
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 4). Ex
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF52276507E1FC7A6A16FC10" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[706,781,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF52276507E1FC7A6A16FC10" box="[706,781,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">D. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5227650634FC7B6A55FC10" bold="true" box="[791,846,944,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650634FC7B6A55FC10" box="[791,846,944,968]" name="Spain" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Spain</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. Guadalajara, Retiendas,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650163FC7B6DB9FC10" box="[1088,1186,944,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2004-01-24">24.I.2004</date>
, J. L.
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5227650798FC006BE0FC3B" box="[699,763,971,995]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Nieves</collectingCountry>
leg (n = 1). — Madrid, El Escorial-La Herrería,
<date id="FFF31071AF5227650780FC2E6A19FC25" box="[675,770,997,1021]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2004-02-04">4.II.2004</date>
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 2). — Soria, Cabrejas del Pinar,
<date id="FFF31071AF52276507C1FC346A74FBCF" box="[738,879,1023,1047]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2004-02-14" valueMax="2004-02-15" valueMin="2004-02-14">14-15.II.2004</date>
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 1). — León, San Esteban,
<date id="FFF31071AF522765060BFBD16ABEFBEA" box="[808,933,1050,1074]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" value="2005-07-16">16.VII.2005</date>
, J. F. Gómez leg (n = 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5227660786FB846882FDC8" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5227650786FB846A2EFBB0" blockId="25.[674,1212,1103,1700]" box="[677,821,1103,1130]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5227650786FBA46D69FABF" blockId="25.[674,1212,1103,1700]" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
n = 78; body length
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF52276506A4FBA46AD2FB52" box="[903,969,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
(range 1.3-3.5); body width
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF52276507C5FB456A5EFB71" box="[742,837,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="25" pageNumber="312" unit="mm" value="0.81">0.81 mm</quantity>
(0.5-1.33) (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF522765069EFB456D0AFB71" box="[957,1041,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-100@11.[113,663,760,1308]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5.— Ventral views ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A, Eurytomaaspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546951/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Figs 5H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5227650138FB456D5BFB71" box="[1051,1088,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[114,1209,215,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[114,1209,214,1589]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7.— Lateralviews ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A,Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546955/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">7H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF522765016AFB456D6DFB71" box="[1097,1142,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1332,1349]" captionTargetBox="[132,1191,215,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-275@21.[132,1191,214,1276]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — A, terminal-instar larva of Eurytoma aspila (Walker, 1836) ex gall of Aulacidea tragopogonis; B, larval cells of Phanacis centaureae with terminal-instar larvae of E. aspila; C, cross-section of Cynips quercus (A) leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852, with debris of adult host; D, ventral view of terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris ex gall of C. quercus (A);E, cross-section of a gall of Cynips divisa (A) showing fully-grown larva of E. brunniventris; F, terminal-instar larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of Plagiotrochus australis (S);G, anterior view of head of fully-grown larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of P.australis (S); H, larval cells of Aulacidea pilosellae with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836; I, larval cell on Silybum marianum with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea feeding on gall tissue; J, terminal-instar larva of E. robusta Mayr, 1878 in cell of Isocolus leuzeae gall; K, cross-section of Diplolepis centifoliae leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. rosae Nees, 1834; L, lateral view of fully-grown larva of E. rosae ex gall of D. centifoliae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546969/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">14L</figureCitation>
); body fusiform, elongated, slightly tapering anteriorly and a little more posteriorly; ratio L/W = 2.92; ventral margin of body segments convex; anterodorsal protuberances present from second thoracic segment to the tenth abdominal, protruding beyond the dorsal margin of body segments (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF522765012EFA876D7EFABF" box="[1037,1125,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[114,1209,215,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[114,1209,214,1589]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7.— Lateralviews ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A,Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546955/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5227660798FAA768D2FECB" blockId="25.[674,1212,1103,1700]" lastBlockId="26.[111,648,216,528]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">
Antero-medial setae of the antennal area situated clearly below the antennae; ratio SA/LAA = 0.67; separation of antero-medial setae of vertex equal to the distance between antennae and with these setae situated relatively high on the upper face, closer to the anterior margin of vertex than to the antennae (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF522765078FF9E16A14F99D" box="[684,783,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1209,1226]" captionTargetBox="[280,1043,215,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-276@16.[280,1043,214,1165]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 10. — Anterior views of the head of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; B, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; C, E. sp. cf. aspila; D, E. sp. cf. jaceae; E, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876; F, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-C, 300 μm; D, 200 μm; E, F, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546961/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="312">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); dorsal-labral setae longer than clypeal setae; ventral margin of clypeus with a distinct suture; labrum with a pair of short lateral flaps and a medial part with deep divisions defining five ir- regular but clearly differentiated lobes; maxillary palps inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660478FF3368A7FECB" box="[347,444,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1244,1261]" captionTargetBox="[242,1082,215,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-193@18.[242,1082,214,1201]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 12. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma robusta Mayr,1878; B, E. rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; C, E. rufipes Walker,1832;D, E.sp.cf.aspila; E, E. sp. cf. jaceae; F, E.strigifrons Thomson,1876; G, E.timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-E, 100 μm; F, G: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546965/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF51276605ABFEDC6882FDC8" blockId="26.[111,648,216,528]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
Mandibles with two teeth; apical tooth completely visible (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF512766043AFEFC6867FE8A" box="[281,380,311,338]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1244,1261]" captionTargetBox="[242,1082,215,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-193@18.[242,1082,214,1201]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 12. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma robusta Mayr,1878; B, E. rosae Nees,1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; C, E. rufipes Walker,1832;D, E.sp.cf.aspila; E, E. sp. cf. jaceae; F, E.strigifrons Thomson,1876; G, E.timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scale bars: A-E, 100 μm; F, G: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546965/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
); ratio L/W 1T = 1.36; outer margin of first tooth strongly convex, with the tip moderately recurved; apex of the second tooth moderately recurved inwards and more or less acute; inner margin of mandible from the base of second tooth more or less straight, with the margin not interrupted (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660406FE3E6890FDC8" box="[293,395,501,528]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,123,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[153,1169,215,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[153,1169,214,1545]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13.— Anterior views of the right mandible of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; I, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; J, E. sp. cf. aspila; K, E. sp. cf. jaceae; L, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876 (right mandible); M, E. strigifrons (left mandible); N, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scales bars: A, D-G, I-N, 50 μm; B, 20 μm; C, H, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546967/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660552FDFF6891FA7F" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660552FDFF69C9FD95" blockId="26.[111,649,564,1447]" box="[113,210,564,591]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">BIOLOGY</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660552FD9F6891FA7F" blockId="26.[111,649,564,1447]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
The larva of this species preferentially attacks the cells of the inquiline species
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660499FDBF682CFD76" authority="(Ratzeburg, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandtii">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660499FDBF6B9DFD56" box="[442,646,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Periclistus brandtii</emphasis>
(Ratzeburg, 1831)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF512766044CFD5F6B99FD76" authority="(Hartig, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[367,642,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caninae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766044CFD5F68C3FD75" box="[367,472,660,685]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">P. caninae</emphasis>
(Hartig, 1840)
</taxonomicName>
, and our unpublished molecular data confirm that the same species also attacks inquilines in oak cynipid galls. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF5127660493FD396B93FCD5" author="NORDLANDER G." box="[432,648,754,781]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" pagination="148 - 176" refId="ref21581" refString="NORDLANDER G. 1973. - Parasitic wasps in galls of Diplolepis rosae (L.) and D. mayri Schlechtd. (Hym. Cynipidae) (Hym. Ichneumonoidea, Chalcidoidea, Cynipoidea). Entomologisk Tidsskrift 94: 148 - 176." type="journal article" year="1973">Nordlander (1973)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF5127660581FCD968A8FCF5" author="REDFERN M. &amp; ASKEW R. R." box="[162,435,786,813]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" refId="ref21823" refString="REDFERN M. &amp; ASKEW R. R. 1992. - Plant galls. Naturalists' Handbooks No. 17. The Company of Biologists Ltd., Cambridge, 104 p." type="book" year="1992">Redfern &amp; Askew (1992)</bibRefCitation>
the larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660714FCD86B9DFCF4" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[567,646,787,812]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660714FCD86B9DFCF4" box="[567,646,787,812]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on more than one
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660458FCF968FAFC94" box="[379,481,818,844]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660458FCF968FAFC94" box="[379,481,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Periclistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larva by biting its way from one chamber to another, and thus in a strict sense, the larva should be referred as a predator rather than a parasitoid.In Spain, we found larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276605F4FC7A6832FC12" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[215,297,945,970]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276605F4FC7A6832FC12" box="[215,297,945,970]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be predominantly associated with
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660589FC1A6811FC32" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[170,266,977,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660589FC1A6811FC32" box="[170,266,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">D. mayri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
galls containing cells of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF512766073BFC1A6B9DFC32" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[536,646,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandtii">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766073BFC1A6B9DFC32" box="[536,646,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">P. brandtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and with
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276605FFFC3A6855FBD2" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[220,334,1009,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervosa">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276605FFFC3A6855FBD2" box="[220,334,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">D. nervosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
galls occupied by
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF512766073FFC3A6B9DFBD2" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[540,646,1009,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caninae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766073FFC3A6B9DFBD2" box="[540,646,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">P. caninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF512766055AFBDB69F9FBF3" box="[121,226,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1332,1349]" captionTargetBox="[132,1191,215,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-275@21.[132,1191,214,1276]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — A, terminal-instar larva of Eurytoma aspila (Walker, 1836) ex gall of Aulacidea tragopogonis; B, larval cells of Phanacis centaureae with terminal-instar larvae of E. aspila; C, cross-section of Cynips quercus (A) leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852, with debris of adult host; D, ventral view of terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris ex gall of C. quercus (A);E, cross-section of a gall of Cynips divisa (A) showing fully-grown larva of E. brunniventris; F, terminal-instar larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of Plagiotrochus australis (S);G, anterior view of head of fully-grown larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of P.australis (S); H, larval cells of Aulacidea pilosellae with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836; I, larval cell on Silybum marianum with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea feeding on gall tissue; J, terminal-instar larva of E. robusta Mayr, 1878 in cell of Isocolus leuzeae gall; K, cross-section of Diplolepis centifoliae leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. rosae Nees, 1834; L, lateral view of fully-grown larva of E. rosae ex gall of D. centifoliae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546969/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Fig. 14K</figureCitation>
). In both cases the mature parasitoid larva fed on the lining of the host larval chamber, as shown by the presence of chips of plant tissue adhering to the larval body of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276604F2FBA46B3DFB50" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[465,550,1135,1160]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276604F2FBA46B3DFB50" box="[465,550,1135,1160]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the deformation of the original inquiline larval cell (
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5127660559FB6569FBFB11" box="[122,224,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1332,1349]" captionTargetBox="[132,1191,215,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-275@21.[132,1191,214,1276]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — A, terminal-instar larva of Eurytoma aspila (Walker, 1836) ex gall of Aulacidea tragopogonis; B, larval cells of Phanacis centaureae with terminal-instar larvae of E. aspila; C, cross-section of Cynips quercus (A) leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852, with debris of adult host; D, ventral view of terminal-instar larva of E. brunniventris ex gall of C. quercus (A);E, cross-section of a gall of Cynips divisa (A) showing fully-grown larva of E. brunniventris; F, terminal-instar larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of Plagiotrochus australis (S);G, anterior view of head of fully-grown larva of E.brunniventris ex gall of P.australis (S); H, larval cells of Aulacidea pilosellae with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836; I, larval cell on Silybum marianum with terminal-instar larva of E. cynipsea feeding on gall tissue; J, terminal-instar larva of E. robusta Mayr, 1878 in cell of Isocolus leuzeae gall; K, cross-section of Diplolepis centifoliae leaf gall showing terminal-instar larva of E. rosae Nees, 1834; L, lateral view of fully-grown larva of E. rosae ex gall of D. centifoliae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546969/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Figs 14K</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF51276605CFFB656805FB11" box="[236,286,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,997,1014]" captionTargetBox="[134,1189,215,954]" captionTargetId="figure-254@22.[134,1189,214,954]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 15. — A, section of a gall of Diplolepis mayri showing a fully-grown larva of Eurytoma rosae Nees, 1834; B, cross-section of Xestophanes brevitarsis (Thomson,1877) gall showing fully-grown larva of E. rufipes Walker, 1832 with host larva; C, cross-section of old gall of Aulacidea subterminalis Niblett, 1946 showing fully-grown larva of E. sp. cf. aspila; D, detail of mandibles of E. sp.cf. aspila ex gall of A. subterminalis; E, lateral view of terminal-instar larva of E. strigifrons Thomson,1876 ex gall of Isocolus lichtensteini (Mayr, 1882); F, cross-section of fresh gall of Timaspis phoenixopodos Mayr, 1882 showing fully-grown larvae of E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904); G, larval cell of T. phoenixopodos with terminal-instar larvae of E. timaspidis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546971/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">15A</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF5127660412FB656B55FB11" author="LOTFALIZADEH H. &amp; DELVARE G. &amp; RASPLUS J. - Y." box="[305,590,1198,1225]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" pagination="55 - 68" refId="ref21183" refString="LOTFALIZADEH H., DELVARE G. &amp; RASPLUS J. - Y. 2007 b. - Eurytoma caninae sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae), a common species previously overlooked with E. rosae. Zootaxa 1640: 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2007">
Lotfalizadeh
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660498FB6468F4FB10" box="[443,495,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">et al.</emphasis>
(2007b)
</bibRefCitation>
have recently carried out a review of the species based on adult morphology and molecular data describing a new species,
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF512766042DFAC56813FA90" authority="Lotfalizadeh, Delvare &amp; Rasplus, 2007" authorityName="Lotfalizadeh, Delvare &amp; Rasplus" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caninae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF512766042DFAC56867FAFF" box="[270,380,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. caninae</emphasis>
Lotfalizadeh, Delvare &amp; Rasplus, 2007
</taxonomicName>
previously overlooked with
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660712FAE66B64FA9E" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[561,639,1325,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660712FAE66B64FA9E" box="[561,639,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both species are reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660722FA8769F9FA5F" authority="in Palaearctic" authorityName="in Palaearctic" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660722FA876B72FABE" box="[513,617,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">Diplolepis</emphasis>
in Palaearctic
</taxonomicName>
area although in our study
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660734FAA66B9DFA5E" authorityName="Lotfalizadeh, Delvare &amp; Rasplus" authorityYear="2007" box="[535,646,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Periclistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caninae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660734FAA66B9DFA5E" box="[535,646,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. caninae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have not been considered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5127660552FA006827F97C" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660552FA0069CEFA3C" blockId="26.[111,648,1483,1700]" box="[113,213,1483,1510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5127660552FA206827F97C" blockId="26.[111,648,1483,1700]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">
The moderately inwards recurved shape of the second mandible tooth readily separates the larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF51276605ACF9E069C4F99C" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[143,223,1579,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosae">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF51276605ACF9E069C4F99C" box="[143,223,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. rosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5127660487F9E06B4BF99C" authorityName="Ratzeburg" authorityYear="1852" box="[420,592,1578,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunniventris">
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5127660487F9E06B4BF99C" box="[420,592,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="313">E. brunniventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two species that, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B40AF5127660454F9816B98F9BD" author="CLARIDGE M. F. &amp; ASKEW R. R." box="[375,643,1610,1637]" pageId="26" pageNumber="313" pagination="141 - 153" refId="ref19896" refString="CLARIDGE M. F. &amp; ASKEW R. R. 1960. - Sibling species in the Eurytoma rosae group (Hym., Eurytomidae). Entomophaga 5: 141 - 153." type="journal article" year="1960">Claridge &amp; Askew (1960)</bibRefCitation>
, are otherwise undistinguishable on the basis of adult morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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