289 lines
36 KiB
XML
289 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="0AFE0648CF2B9934EE43D87EE9A4B6EB" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10834110" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629694286941" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R." docDate="2010" docId="03E27F25FFD1FFFFDCFFFADE71BD4921" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02590p091.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2590 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2590.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ectopleura viridis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFDB075DFFFEFFCFDC68FFAB70124F23" masterDocTitle="Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago 2590" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1710779483551" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DEAD01D2FD961F27B0D32EC0CC7E3A8C">Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago 2590</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DE18AA4DF1D82603DA054451241F2CD1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0A18897660E0E5339EDE759C5CBF1F92">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E7C2D025FCB6AF93D66F6760F06120F8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9DC41B448DE3099E84007DC34CDB7077">
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<mods:date id="172B339A33C8F6132B21471A0ADCC4A2">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F4FF810265AEF44E1ACA294FFBCDE87C">2010-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A5D5EC221AE6060A00CCAEC8129E5FF9">2590</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="297869349ABE8C5FB38229833167A22A">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2590.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="06200183E72AAC75EE4E245983C49319" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E872FBE3760263182F66EA30FE756C3D" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="65EE07830AC239DA4D14F1DA51E814D2" type="Zenodo-Dep">10834110</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E27F25FFD1FFFFDCFFFADE71BD4921" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10538528" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10538528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E27F25FFD1FFFFDCFFFADE71BD4921" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E27F25FFD1FFFFDCFFFADE71BD4921" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFD1FFE0DCFFFADE722D4AAC" box="[151,575,1397,1423]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFE0DCFFFADE722D4AAC" blockId="47.[151,575,1397,1458]" box="[151,575,1397,1423]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D0BC795FFFD1FFE0DCFFFADE722D4AAC" bold="true" box="[151,575,1397,1423]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFD1FFE0DCFFFADE722D4AAC" ID-CoL="6DY47" authority="(Pictet, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Pictet" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[151,575,1397,1423]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCFFFADE722D4AAC" bold="true" box="[151,575,1397,1423]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCFFFADE710E4AAC" bold="true" box="[151,284,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ectopleura</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DD21FADE71864AAC" bold="true" box="[329,404,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">viridis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFD1FFE0DDCBFADE72254AAC" author="Pictet, C." box="[419,567,1397,1423]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFD1FFE0DCFFFA3371334A91" box="[151,289,1432,1458]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFE0DCFFFA3371334A91" blockId="47.[151,575,1397,1458]" box="[151,289,1432,1458]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<figureCitation id="1370D2B6FFD1FFE0DCFFFA3370EA4A91" box="[151,248,1432,1458]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="50.[151,255,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[235,1358,213,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-85@50.[202,1385,194,1836]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 32. Ectopleura cf. viridis: hydranth with medusa buds, BPBM (without collection number). Scale equals 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10834124" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10834124/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs. 32</figureCitation>
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, 33
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFD1FFE0DCFFFA4372D34ADC" box="[151,705,1512,1535]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFE0DCFFFA4372D34ADC" blockId="47.[151,705,1512,1535]" box="[151,705,1512,1535]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5BE91DFFD1FFE0DCFFFA4372D34ADC" box="[151,705,1512,1535]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEAE822FFD1FFE0DCFFFA4371E94ADC" author="Pictet, C." box="[151,507,1512,1535]" page="17" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1893">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFD1FFE0DCFFFA4371E94ADC" ID-CoL="59K3S" authority="Pictet, 1893: 17" authorityName="Pictet" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,507,1512,1535]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCFFFA4371594ADC" box="[151,331,1512,1535]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Tubularia viridis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFD1FFE0DD39FA4371E94ADC" author="Pictet, C." box="[337,507,1512,1535]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet, 1893: 17</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 1, figs. 10, 11.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFD1FFE0DCFFF99B70FE49C9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFE0DCFFF99B737A4969" blockId="47.[151,1436,1584,2010]" box="[151,872,1584,1610]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<materialsCitation id="3B23C46EFFD1FFE0DCFFF99B73764969" box="[151,868,1584,1610]" country="Indonesia" location="Port d'Amboine" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCFFF99B712E4969" bold="true" box="[151,316,1584,1610]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<typeStatus id="54F07091FFD1FFE0DCFFF99B70C64969" box="[151,212,1584,1610]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFD1FFE0DD23F99B71D04969" box="[331,450,1584,1610]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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: “
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<location id="8E9498E8FFD1FFE0DDBEF99B728E4969" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E27F25FFD1FFFFDCFFFADE71BD4921:8E9498E8FFD1FFE0DDBEF99B728E4969" box="[470,668,1584,1610]" country="Indonesia" name="Port d'Amboine" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Port d’Amboine</location>
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…” (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFD1FFE0DEB8F99B73494969" author="Pictet, C." box="[720,859,1584,1610]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet 1893</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFE0DCAEF9F370FE49C9" blockId="47.[151,1436,1584,2010]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCAEF9F371A84951" bold="true" box="[198,442,1624,1650]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Oahu: Kaneohe Bay, anchor cable,
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<quantity id="4CB363D6FFD1FFE0DF0FF9F373844951" box="[871,918,1624,1650]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFF5E8F3FFD1FFE0DFCBF9F374164951" box="[931,1028,1624,1650]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1978-01-04">4.i.1978</date>
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||
, one large clump,
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||
<quantity id="4CB363D6FFD1FFE0D8B4F9F375374951" box="[1244,1317,1624,1650]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
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in diameter, with medusa buds, coll. W.J. Cooke,
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<collectionCode id="ED5A56F6FFD1FFE0DEE1F92B72C949B9" box="[649,731,1664,1690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
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||
(without collection number).–Oahu: Kaneohe Bay, anchor cable,
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<quantity id="4CB363D6FFD1FFE0DC80F903710949E1" box="[232,283,1704,1730]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFF5E8F3FFD1FFE0DD44F903719C49E1" box="[300,398,1704,1730]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1978-01-04">4.i.1978</date>
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, one small fragment of sample above, with medusa buds, coll. W.J. Cooke,
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<collectionCode id="ED5A56F6FFD1FFE0D955F903758949E1" box="[1341,1435,1704,1730]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
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B3827.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFD1FFFFDCAEF95373704D61" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFD1FFFFDCAEF95371694E71" blockId="47.[151,1436,1584,2010]" lastBlockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFD1FFE0DCAEF953714C4831" bold="true" box="[198,350,1784,1810]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Description.</emphasis>
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Hydroids colonial, forming a dense aggregation of hydrocauli with numerous hydranths, arising from a hydrorhizal mat. Hydrorhizae creeping, wrinkled to smooth. Hydrocauli smooth, unbranched, up to 3.5 cm high, 0.6 mm wide, tangled together basally, free elsewhere, nearly straight to variously contorted, each terminating distally with a bulbous neck region supporting a hydranth. Perisarc of hydrorhiza thick; that on hydrocauli fairly thick basally, becoming thinner distally, filmy over neck region, terminating at base of hydranth; light straw-coloured, essentially clear in thin areas. Hydranths
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<quantity id="4CB363D6FFD1FFE0D83EF86B748E48F9" box="[1110,1180,1984,2010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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high from basal constriction to mouth, 2.5 mm wide, vase-shaped, with proximal half bulbous, distal half tapering, becoming slender orally; bearing one aboral and one oral whorl of tentacles. Aboral tentacles of mature hydranths gradually tapering from base to tip, to
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<quantity id="4CB363D6FFCEFFFFDE49FF4372764E21" box="[545,612,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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long, about
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<quantity id="4CB363D6FFCEFFFFDE9CFF4373494E21" box="[756,859,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.984999999999999" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 in</quantity>
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||
number, in a single whorl; oral tentacles filiform, digitate, up to 0.9 mm long, about
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||
<quantity id="4CB363D6FFCEFFFFDE44FEBB727A4E09" box="[556,616,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="25.0">25 in</quantity>
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number, in a single whorl, bases adnate to hypostome, forming longitudinal ridges on it.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFECB73704D61" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Gonophores free medusae. Medusa buds developing in clusters on short, slender blastostyles arising on hydranth immediately distal to aboral tentacles. Well-developed medusa buds thimble-shaped, 0.3 mm high, 0.25 mm wide, with an apical stalk attached to blastostyle; mesoglea thin; exumbrella with eight meridional tracks of nematocysts; manubium simple, large, tubular, stubby, reaching about ¾ distance to velar opening; radial canals four; tentacle bulbs four, with an opposite pair having well-developed marginal tentacles, each with a terminal knob and a single abaxial nematocyst cluster.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFCEFFFFDCAEFDE471BD4921" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFDE471104C89" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDCAEFDE4712D4D4A" bold="true" box="[198,319,591,617]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Identification of hydroids of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDEF2FDFB73FB4D49" authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[666,1001,592,618]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDEF2FDFB730E4D4A" box="[666,796,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura</emphasis>
|
||
L.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDF2CFDFB73FB4D49" author="Agassiz, L." box="[836,1001,592,618]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref49388" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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having medusa buds with two opposite tentacles is virtually impossible based on current limited knowledge of the group. Although assigned provisionally to
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDD50FD0B72D14D99" authority="(Pictet, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Pictet" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[312,707,672,698]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDD50FD0B72034D9A" box="[312,529,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura viridis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDE4CFD0B72AB4D99" author="Pictet, C." box="[548,697,672,698]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, the identity of the hydroid studied here is uncertain in the absence of information on its medusa stage. Several species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDFF2FD63740E4DC2" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[922,1052,712,737]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDFF2FD63740E4DC2" box="[922,1052,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
besides
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFD8EFFD6374E44DC2" baseAuthorityName="Pictet" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1159,1270,712,737]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
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||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD8EFFD6374E44DC2" box="[1159,1270,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. viridis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
have medusa buds or medusae with two opposite tentacles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDED0FD5B73714C29" author="Petersen, K. W." box="[696,867,752,778]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="101 - 231" refId="ref62845" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100, 101 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDF18FD5B740D4C29" author="Xu, Z. & Huang, J. & Guo, D." box="[880,1055,752,778]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="66 - 75" refId="ref67412" refString="Xu, Z., Huang, J. & Guo, D. (2007) A survey on Hydroidomedusae from the upwelling region of the southern part of the Taiwan Strait of China. I. On new species and records of Anthomedusae. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 26 (5), 66 - 75." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Xu
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDFF4FD5B73CA4C2A" box="[924,984,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but life cycles are unknown or inadequately known for all of them. Medusa buds and trophosomes in specimens examined here generally correspond with those ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDE5BFCEB73764C79" authority="Mayer, 1900 b" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1900" box="[563,868,832,858]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minerva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDE5BFCEB72A74C7A" box="[563,693,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. minerva</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDED7FCEB73764C79" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[703,868,832,858]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="13 - 82" refId="ref60676" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1900 b) Some medusae from the Tortugas, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 37, 13 - 82." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer, 1900b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDFFCFCEB74414C79" author="Hirohito & The Showa Emperor" box="[916,1107,832,858]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref58325" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1988) The hydroids of Sagami Bay. Part 1. Athecata. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1988">Hirohito (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, that species was originally described from the Atlantic Ocean (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498F00D1FFCEFFFFDED9FCC3731B4CA1" box="[689,777,872,898]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and records of it from the Pacific Ocean are considered doubtful.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFC1372224B51" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDCAEFC1371894CF2" baseAuthorityName="Pictet" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[198,411,952,977]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDCAEFC1371894CF2" box="[198,411,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, apparently endemic to the Indo-west Pacific region (see Reported Distribution below), has been reported infrequently.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDE7AFC4B72CA4CD9" author="Schuchert, P." box="[530,728,992,1018]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="137 - 256" refId="ref64464" refString="Schuchert, P. (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Danish Expedition to the Kei Islands. Steenstrupia, 27, 137 - 256." type="journal article" year="2003">Schuchert (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2009) has been followed in regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFD8DAFC4B715F4B01" authority="Thornely, 1900" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD8DAFC4B758E4CDA" box="[1202,1436,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDCFFFBA3715F4B01" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[151,333,1032,1058]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref65658" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of it. A record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDE87FBA373614B02" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" box="[751,883,1032,1057]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDE87FBA373614B02" box="[751,883,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFCEFFFFDFABFBA373ED4B01" box="[963,1023,1032,1058]" name="India" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD85CFBA374EC4B01" author="Mammen, T. A." box="[1076,1278,1032,1058]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="27 - 61" refId="ref60127" refString="Mammen, T. A. (1963) On a collection of hydroids from south India. I. Suborder Athecata. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 5, 27 - 61." type="journal article" year="1963">Mammen (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is erroneous because medusa buds were described as having four tentacles rather than two. It was considered a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDCBBFBF3712F4B52" authorityName="Petersen" authorityYear="1990" box="[211,317,1112,1137]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDCBBFBF3712F4B52" box="[211,317,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDD18FBF3723E4B51" author="Petersen, K. W." box="[368,556,1112,1138]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="101 - 231" refId="ref62845" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100, 101 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFB2B72A74A31" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The colony examined here, a clump reaching almost
|
||
<quantity id="4CB363D6FFCEFFFFDF5EFB2B736C4BB9" box="[822,894,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, is much larger than specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDCFFFB0371104BE2" baseAuthorityName="Pictet" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[151,258,1192,1217]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDCFFFB0371104BE2" box="[151,258,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described previously by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDE4FFB0372D04BE1" author="Pictet, C." box="[551,706,1192,1218]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet (1893)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDEA6FB0373954BE1" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[718,903,1192,1218]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref65658" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely (1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDFDBFB0374204BE2" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" box="[947,1074,1192,1217]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDFDBFB0374204BE2" box="[947,1074,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD822FB0375064BE1" author="Borradaile, L. A." box="[1098,1300,1192,1218]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="836 - 845" refId="ref50863" refString="Borradaile, L. A. (1905) Hydroids. The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, 2, 836 - 845." type="journal article" year="1905">Borradaile (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFD957FB0370D14BCA" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD957FB0370D14BCA" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDCB4FB7B71944BC9" author="Billard, A." box="[220,390,1232,1258]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="331 - 335" refId="ref50644" refString="Billard, A. (1905) Hydroides recoltes par M. Seurat aux Iles Gambier. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 11, 331 - 335." type="journal article" year="1905">Billard (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDDADFB7B72864BC9" author="Schuchert, P." box="[453,660,1232,1258]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="137 - 256" refId="ref64464" refString="Schuchert, P. (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Danish Expedition to the Kei Islands. Steenstrupia, 27, 137 - 256." type="journal article" year="2003">Schuchert (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as those ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDF83FB7B747E4BCA" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1900" box="[1003,1132,1232,1257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minerva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDF83FB7B747E4BCA" box="[1003,1132,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. minerva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD8F2FB7B75454BC9" author="Hirohito & The Showa Emperor" box="[1178,1367,1232,1258]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref58325" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1988) The hydroids of Sagami Bay. Part 1. Athecata. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1988">Hirohito (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Individual hydrocauli were up to 3.5 cm in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFA8B73E44A41" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDCAEFA8B71924A19" author="Hirohito & The Showa Emperor" box="[198,384,1312,1338]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref58325" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1988) The hydroids of Sagami Bay. Part 1. Athecata. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1988">Hirohito (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDDD2FA8B724C4A19" author="Calder, D. R." box="[442,606,1312,1338]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref52713" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDE85FA8B737F4A1A" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" box="[749,877,1312,1337]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDE85FA8B737F4A1A" box="[749,877,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFDFCFFA8B743A4A1A" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1900" box="[935,1064,1312,1337]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minerva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDFCFFA8B743A4A1A" box="[935,1064,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E. minerva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be conspecific, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD95CFA8B70F64A41" author="Xu, Z. & Huang, J. & Guo, D." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="66 - 75" refId="ref67412" refString="Xu, Z., Huang, J. & Guo, D. (2007) A survey on Hydroidomedusae from the upwelling region of the southern part of the Taiwan Strait of China. I. On new species and records of Anthomedusae. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 26 (5), 66 - 75." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Xu
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD909FA8B75874A1A" box="[1377,1429,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized both as valid based on differences in the medusa stage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFAC472C84AA9" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" box="[198,730,1391,1418]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFDCAEFAC471CC4AAA" bold="true" box="[198,478,1391,1417]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Reported distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498F00D1FFCEFFFFDD8DFADB722C4AA9" box="[485,574,1392,1418]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
. New record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFCEFFFFDCAEFA3371BD4921" blockId="48.[151,1436,152,1538]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Worldwide.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFCEFFFFDD3FFA3371DB4A91" box="[343,457,1432,1458]" name="Indonesia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDDB2FA3372774A91" author="Pictet, C." box="[474,613,1432,1458]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref62943" refString="Pictet, C. (1893) Etude sur les hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 1, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDE1AFA33733C4A91" author="Schuchert, P." box="[626,814,1432,1458]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="137 - 256" refId="ref64464" refString="Schuchert, P. (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Danish Expedition to the Kei Islands. Steenstrupia, 27, 137 - 256." type="journal article" year="2003">Schuchert 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFCEFFFFDF2CFA33743A4A91" box="[836,1064,1432,1458]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD851FA3374F94A91" author="Thornely, L. R." box="[1081,1259,1432,1458]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="451 - 457" refId="ref65658" refString="Thornely, L. R. (1900) The hydroid zoophytes collected by Dr. Willey in the southern seas. In: Willey, A., Zoological results based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere. Part IV. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 451 - 457." type="book chapter" year="1900">Thornely 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFD972FA3370E74AFA" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD972FA3370E74AFA" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ectopleura pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Mangareva,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFCEFFFFDDC9FA6B727E4AF9" box="[417,620,1472,1498]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFDE14FA6B73074AF9" author="Billard, A." box="[636,789,1472,1498]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="331 - 335" refId="ref50644" refString="Billard, A. (1905) Hydroides recoltes par M. Seurat aux Iles Gambier. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 11, 331 - 335." type="journal article" year="1905">Billard 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Suvadiva Atoll,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C8EA3FFCEFFFFDF83FA6B744A4AF9" box="[1003,1112,1472,1498]" name="Maldives" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Maldives</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFCEFFFFD800FA6B75384AF9" author="Borradaile, L. A." box="[1128,1322,1472,1498]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="836 - 845" refId="ref50863" refString="Borradaile, L. A. (1905) Hydroids. The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, 2, 836 - 845." type="journal article" year="1905">Borradaile 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFCEFFFFD93FFA6B71274922" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1826" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFCEFFFFD93FFA6B71274922" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tubularia pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="4CB363D6FFCEFFFFDD27FA4371B94921" box="[335,427,1512,1538]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="34.5" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="1.0">1–68 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |