568 lines
66 KiB
XML
568 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="073CE0C23DDEF1380A88ED8C5847AEB7" ID-CLB-Dataset="45540" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3814.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="708ea530-4c8d-473b-8f29-1a54dea92f28" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="231107" ID-ZooBank="5391C375-896D-4794-84A6-1846DF9E407D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460434473942" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kania, Iwona" docDate="2014" docId="03D787E6FFE8FFF3FF6BA48838DAB95C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03814p352.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3814 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Helius pulcher Loew 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="350" masterDocId="FFEEFF9EFFE1FFE2FFFCA26B3C50BD09" masterDocTitle="Subfamily Limoniinae Speiser, 1909 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Baltic amber (Eocene): the genus Helius Lepeletier & Serville, 1828" masterLastPageNumber="352" masterPageNumber="333" pageNumber="342" updateTime="1698331894480" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9385795BCBE54969ED36B13359EE3D52">Subfamily Limoniinae Speiser, 1909 (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Baltic amber (Eocene): the genus Helius Lepeletier & Serville, 1828</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8BB47EE5E1D145AB962499057DE8DF9A">Kania, Iwona</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0A3336815417213AEC9954709EB31E83">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D787E6FFE8FFF3FF6BA48838DAB95C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138168" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119431361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6138168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D787E6FFE8FFF3FF6BA48838DAB95C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787E6FFE8FFF3FF6BA48838DAB95C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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<subSubSection id="C364657BFFE8FFE8FF6BA4883E07BC4E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="343" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFE8FFEBFF6BA4883DA1BBF4" blockId="9.[151,497,1763,1822]" box="[151,497,1763,1789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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<heading id="D089819CFFE8FFEBFF6BA4883DA1BBF4" bold="true" box="[151,497,1763,1789]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF6BA4883DA1BBF4" authority="Loew, 1850" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,497,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF6BA4883DA1BBF4" bold="true" box="[151,497,1763,1789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF6BA4883D1BBBF4" bold="true" box="[151,331,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFE8FFEBFEA6A4883DB9BBF4" author="Loew" box="[346,489,1763,1789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" refString="Loew, H. (1850) Uber den Bernstein Und die Bernsteinfauna. Program der Keiserischen Realschule Meseritz, 44 pp." type="book" year="1850">Loew, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFE8FFEBFF6BA56E3D74BA17" blockId="9.[151,497,1763,1822]" box="[151,292,1797,1822]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13452A75FFE8FFEBFF63A56E3CB4BA17" box="[159,228,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[319,1283,1097,1938]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Helius pulcher Loew, 1850, No. MB. J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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A–C)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFE8FFEBFF6BA5253E6FBA6D" blockId="9.[151,1025,1870,2014]" box="[151,575,1870,1892]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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v*1850
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF15A5253E51BA6D" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[233,513,1870,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF15A5253DEABA6D" box="[233,442,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
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: Loew
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 37
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFE8FFEBFF6BA5073E2DBA8B" blockId="9.[151,1025,1870,2014]" box="[151,637,1900,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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1856
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF2CA5073DB5BA8B" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[208,485,1900,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF2CA5073DF1BA8B" box="[208,417,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
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Loew
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</taxonomicName>
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: Giebel, p. 242
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFE8FFEBFF6BA5E03E80BAD7" blockId="9.[151,1025,1870,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">
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<date id="FFC01030FFE8FFEBFF6BA5E03C86BAA8" box="[151,214,1931,1953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" value="1906-05">v1906</date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF20A5E03E0EBAA8" authority="Loew (Meunier)" authorityName="Loew (Meunier" box="[220,606,1931,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF20A5E03DFDBAA8" box="[220,429,1931,1953]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
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Loew (Meunier)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Meunier, p. 358, p. 364, Pl. XII, fig.
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<date id="FFC01030FFE8FFEBFC27A5E03C86BAC9" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" value="1906-05-03" valueMax="1906-05-04" valueMin="1906-05-03">3–4 v1906</date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF20A5C13DA0BAC9" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[220,496,1962,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinea">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF20A5C13DC0BAC9" box="[220,400,1962,1984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Antocha succinea</emphasis>
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Meunier
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</taxonomicName>
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: Meunier, p. 358, 368, Pl. XII, fig. 8,
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<date id="FFC01030FFE8FFEBFC91A5C13C86BAD7" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" value="1931-05-09" valueMax="1931-05-10" valueMin="1931-05-09">9 and 10 v1931</date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFE8FFEBFF20A5A33D8FBAD7" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[220,479,1992,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFE8FFEBFF20A5A33D22BAD7" box="[220,370,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="342">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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(Meunier)
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</taxonomicName>
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[sic!]: Alexander, p. 42
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA2F33E92BDA7" blockId="10.[151,1131,152,327]" box="[151,706,152,174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
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1931
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA2F33E41BDA7" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[208,529,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA2F33DF1BDA7" box="[208,417,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
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(Meunier)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Alexander, p. 42
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA2DD3EDEBDC5" blockId="10.[151,1131,152,327]" box="[151,654,182,205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
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||
1931
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA2DD3DB3BDC5" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[208,483,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinea">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA2DD3DD4BDC4" box="[208,388,182,205]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Antocha succinea</emphasis>
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Meunier
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</taxonomicName>
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: Alexander, p.42
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA2BE3EE8BC03" blockId="10.[151,1131,152,327]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
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1985
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA2BE3D86BDE2" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[208,470,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA2BE3D35BDE2" box="[208,357,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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(Meunier)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Krzemiński, p. 116. fig. 8 (fig. after Meunier) 1993
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA29F3DEABC03" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[208,442,244,266]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA29F3D35BC03" box="[208,357,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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(Loew)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Krzemiński, p. 597, 598
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA3793E07BC4E" blockId="10.[151,1131,152,327]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
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1993
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA3793DEABC21" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[208,442,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA3793D35BC21" box="[208,357,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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(Loew)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Krzemiński, p. 599,
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<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEBFFE8FD6EA3793EB1BC21" box="[658,737,274,296]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,2004,2026]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1525,1547]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1436,720,1970]" captionTargetBox-1="[343,1248,589,1504]" captionTargetBox-2="[285,1298,976,1957]" captionTargetBox-3="[368,1219,1222,1967]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,710,1982]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[336,1255,581,1510]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[278,1307,975,1964]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[364,1227,1222,1971]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Helius longirostris (Meigen, 1818), type species." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Helius formosus Krzemiński 1993, No. 225 (female), holotype; A, head; B, relation between the length of palpi (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Helius fossilis sp. nov. No. 587 (RS 64) (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Helius gedanicus sp. nov., No. 4073 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/231108/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/231109/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/231110/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/231111/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1–4</figureCitation>
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—redescription of the Loew
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<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEBFFE8FBF7A3793837BC21" box="[1035,1127,274,296]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. 1994
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF2CA35A3DFABC4E" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[208,426,305,327]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF2CA35A3D35BC4E" box="[208,357,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
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Loew
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</taxonomicName>
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: Evenhuis, p. 73.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEBFFE8FF6BA31F3FAFB91C" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA31F3FAFB91C" blockId="10.[151,1437,372,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF6BA31F3D5BBC84" bold="true" box="[151,267,372,397]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FEEDA31E3DF2BC84" author="Loew" box="[273,418,372,397]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Loew, H. (1850) Uber den Bernstein Und die Bernsteinfauna. Program der Keiserischen Realschule Meseritz, 44 pp." type="book" year="1850">Loew (1850)</bibRefCitation>
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||
mentioned that there are four species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FC29A31F380EBC85" box="[981,1118,372,396]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FC29A31F380EBC85" box="[981,1118,372,396]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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he recognized among Baltic amber inclusions from Berendt’s collection. Of these, two were given names
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FC0AA3F3388DBCB9" box="[1014,1245,408,432]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FC0AA3F3388DBCB9" box="[1014,1245,408,432]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FAEFA3F33CB5BCDD" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FAEFA3F33CB5BCDD" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia minuta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Unfortunately, he only mentioned, that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FD41A3D73FF6BCDD" box="[701,934,444,468]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FD41A3D73FF6BCDD" box="[701,934,444,468]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FBB8A3D73975BCDD" box="[1092,1317,444,468]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FBB8A3D73975BCDD" box="[1092,1317,444,468]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia minuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by longer rostrum and antennae. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FE1FA3B43EC7BCF1" author="Meunier" box="[483,663,479,504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Meunier, F. (1906) Monographie des Tipulidae et des Dixidae de l'ambre de la Baltique. Annales des Science Naturelle Zoologie, 4, 349 - 401." type="journal article" year="1906">Meunier (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, proposed redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FC30A38B38E4BCF1" box="[972,1204,480,504]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FC30A38B38E4BCF1" box="[972,1204,480,504]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on two other specimens (probably from Klebs collection—Königsberg, later Göttingen). Alexander (1906) transfered the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FF09A0433EC9BF49" authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[245,665,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF09A0433DB2BF49" box="[245,482,552,576]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
sensu Meunier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FCBAA0433FDFBF49" box="[838,911,552,576]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FCBAA0433FDFBF49" box="[838,911,552,576]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and redescribed it based on the number of specimens, including one of the specimens formerly examined by Meunier (No. 235, from Klebs collection). Alexander proposed also to synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FD77A01B3846BF81" authority="Meunier, 1906" authorityName="Meunier" authorityYear="1906" box="[651,1046,623,648]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FD77A01B3F0ABF8E" box="[651,858,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Antocha succinea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FC96A0043846BF81" author="Meunier" box="[874,1046,623,648]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Meunier, F. (1906) Monographie des Tipulidae et des Dixidae de l'ambre de la Baltique. Annales des Science Naturelle Zoologie, 4, 349 - 401." type="journal article" year="1906">Meunier, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FB8AA01B3972BF81" box="[1142,1314,624,648]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FB8AA01B3972BF81" box="[1142,1314,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, after reexamination of Meunier's
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEBFFE8FE42A0FE3DBEBFA4" box="[446,494,661,685]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and another specimen.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FD05A0FF3F9EBFA4" author="Krzeminski" box="[761,974,660,685]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Krzeminski, W. (1985) Limoniidae (Diptera Nematocera) from Baltic amber (in the collection of the Museum of the Earth in Warsaw). Part I. Subfamily Limoniinae. Prace Muzeum Ziemi, Warszawa, 37, 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1985">Krzemiński (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FBACA0FE38B2BFA4" author="Loew" box="[1104,1250,660,685]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Loew, H. (1850) Uber den Bernstein Und die Bernsteinfauna. Program der Keiserischen Realschule Meseritz, 44 pp." type="book" year="1850">Loew (1850)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterization of two species is not sufficient to validate these names.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FD03A0DC3F82BFD9" author="Krzeminski" box="[767,978,695,720]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Krzeminski, W. (1985) Limoniidae (Diptera Nematocera) from Baltic amber (in the collection of the Museum of the Earth in Warsaw). Part I. Subfamily Limoniinae. Prace Muzeum Ziemi, Warszawa, 37, 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1985">Krzemiński (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subordinated the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FB27A0D3392FBFD9" box="[1243,1407,696,720]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FB27A0D3392FBFD9" box="[1243,1407,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to Meunier, and give a short redescription of this species based on two specimens from the Museum of the Earth, PAS in Warsaw. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FE80A0943E09BE11" author="Krzeminski" box="[380,601,767,792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Krzeminski, W. (1993) Fossil Tipulomorpha (Diptera, Nematocera) from Baltic amber (Upper Eocene). - Revision of the genus Helius Lepeletier et Serville (Limoniidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 35, 597 - 601." type="journal article" year="1993">Krzemiński (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented the diagnostic features and description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FB11A16B3CB7BE34" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FB11A16B39CBBE11" box="[1261,1435,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
|
||
(Loew)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—here he corrected the authorships of the species name, based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEBFFE8FBDCA14F38D2BE34" box="[1056,1154,804,829]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(specimen examined by Loew) from the Berendt's collection deposited in Palaeontological Institute of Humboldt University in Berlin, and another specimen from the same collection. It must be noted, that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FC7DA1073806BE8D" author="Krzeminski" box="[897,1110,876,901]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Krzeminski, W. (1993) Fossil Tipulomorpha (Diptera, Nematocera) from Baltic amber (Upper Eocene). - Revision of the genus Helius Lepeletier et Serville (Limoniidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 35, 597 - 601." type="journal article" year="1993">Krzemiński (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FB17A10739CCBE8C" author="Meunier" box="[1259,1436,876,901]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Meunier, F. (1906) Monographie des Tipulidae et des Dixidae de l'ambre de la Baltique. Annales des Science Naturelle Zoologie, 4, 349 - 401." type="journal article" year="1906">Meunier (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated the wrong specimen for his redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FCCBA1FB3874BEA1" box="[823,1060,912,936]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhamphidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FCCBA1FB3874BEA1" box="[823,1060,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Rhamphidia pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FB96A1FB3946BEA1" box="[1130,1302,912,936]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FB96A1FB3946BEA1" box="[1130,1302,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in modern system), which resulted in further misinterpretations. Regarding the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FBABA1DF3C9DBEF9" authority="Meunier, 1906" authorityName="Meunier" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FBABA1DF3977BEC5" box="[1111,1319,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Antocha succinea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FACBA1DF3C9DBEF9" author="Meunier" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Meunier, F. (1906) Monographie des Tipulidae et des Dixidae de l'ambre de la Baltique. Annales des Science Naturelle Zoologie, 4, 349 - 401." type="journal article" year="1906">Meunier, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FF15A1BC3DEFBEF9" author="Krzeminski" box="[233,447,983,1008]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Krzeminski, W. (1993) Fossil Tipulomorpha (Diptera, Nematocera) from Baltic amber (Upper Eocene). - Revision of the genus Helius Lepeletier et Serville (Limoniidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 35, 597 - 601." type="journal article" year="1993">Krzemiński (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed to synonymize it under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FCC6A1B338D3BEF9" authority="Loew, 1850" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1850" box="[826,1155,983,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FCC6A1B33FB3BEE6" box="[826,995,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius minutus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FC0DA1B3382ABEF9" author="Loew" box="[1009,1146,983,1008]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Loew, H. (1850) Uber den Bernstein Und die Bernsteinfauna. Program der Keiserischen Realschule Meseritz, 44 pp." type="book" year="1850">Loew, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This statement was later followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FED8A1973DB0B91D" author="Evenhuis" box="[292,480,1020,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1994) Catalogue of the fossil flies of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 672 pp." type="book" year="1994">Evenhuis (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with no comment to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B01FFEBFFE8FD28A1973FCAB91D" author="Alexander" box="[724,922,1020,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1931) Crane-flies of the Baltic amber (Diptera). Berstein-Forschungen, 2, 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1931">Alexander (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
opinion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFEBFFE8FF6BA5DD3E25BAE3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" targetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEBFFE8FF6BA5DD3E25BAE3" blockId="10.[151,1435,1973,2026]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FF6BA5DD3D42BAC2" bold="true" box="[151,274,1974,1996]" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEBFFE8FEE4A5DE3E61BAC5" authority="Loew, 1850" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1850" box="[280,561,1973,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEBFFE8FEE4A5DE3DE3BAC5" bold="true" box="[280,435,1973,1996]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="343">Helius pulcher</emphasis>
|
||
Loew, 1850
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, No. MB.J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFE9FF3BA2FC3952BC6D" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA2FC3E6EBDDD" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA2FC3DE1BDB9" bold="true" box="[199,433,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEAFFE9FE44A2FC3E74BDB9" box="[440,548,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: No. MB.J. 359 (male) Coll. Berendt, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6FAE35FFEAFFE9FC26A2F33861BDB9" box="[986,1073,152,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
); additional material: No. MB.J. 358 (female) Coll. Berendt, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6FAE35FFEAFFE9FE27A2D73E62BDDD" box="[475,562,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA2B43952BC6D" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA2B43DB8BDF1" bold="true" box="[199,488,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Diagnosistic characters.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: rostrum approximately 1.2x the length of the head, shorter than antenna; antenna shorter than 1.5 of rostrum length (female) or at most twice as long as the rostrum (male); palpus 0.75x the length of the rostrum; outer gonostylus narrowing toward the tip and acutely pointed, slightly curved inwardly; vein r-m long, well expressed, cross-vein m-cu almost just distal of the base of fork of M1+2 and M3+4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFE9FF3BA3193D74B9D8" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA31938F7BC82" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" box="[199,1191,370,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA3193D24BC82" bold="true" box="[199,372,370,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Body: the length of specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FD2BA3193F6BBC83" box="[727,827,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.66" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="5.66">5.66 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEAFFE9FCB5A3193FFFBC82" box="[841,943,370,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, male), 7.79 (female).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA3FD3948BCFE" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FEE8A3FD3D09BCA6" box="[276,345,406,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[319,1283,1097,1938]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Helius pulcher Loew, 1850, No. MB. J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Male: antenna 16-segmented, short, slightly longer than the rostrum,
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FB5FA3FC3959BCA6" box="[1187,1289,407,431]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.88">0.88 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, longer than palpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FED2A3D13D24BCDA" box="[302,372,442,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[319,1283,1097,1938]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Helius pulcher Loew, 1850, No. MB. J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B), antennae of female shorter than those of male; Female: rostrum approximately 1.2x the length of the head, shorter than twice the head length; antenna only 1.75 times longer than the rostrum;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA06938A0BF8E" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Male: antenna twice as long as the rostrum; scape long, cylindrical; pedicel broad, barrel-shaped; first flagellomere broad, barrel-shaped; first to seventh flagellomeres with single long setae, about 1.5 the length of the segments bearing them; flagellomeres eighth to thirteenth with three elongated setae each, the setae almost three times longer that the length of flagellomeres bearing them; the last flagellomere without long setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA0F93DE2BFFA" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Palpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FEDDA0F93D34BFA2" box="[289,356,658,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[319,1283,1097,1938]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Helius pulcher Loew, 1850, No. MB. J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Male: palpus 0.75x the length of the rostrum, the last palpal segment 1.5 the length of all the preceding one. Female: palpus 1.2x the length of the rostrum, the last palpal segment 1.16x the length of the all the preceding taken together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA0953DA5BEB9" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FEE6A0953D34BE1E" box="[282,356,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1974,1996]" captionTargetBox="[324,1276,1112,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[319,1283,1097,1938]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Helius pulcher Loew, 1850, No. MB. J. 358 (female) A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C): wing
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FE25A0953E71BE1E" box="[473,545,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FD5FA0953F5EBE1E" box="[675,782,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.69">1.69 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (male),
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FC40A0953877BE1E" box="[956,1063,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="7.62">7.62 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FB86A09538B5BE1E" box="[1146,1253,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.57" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="1.57">1.57 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (female); pterostigma present, large and oval; vein Sc ending opposite the fork of Rs; cross-vein sc-r at the end of Sc; R1 ending at R2+3+4 midlength; r-r (R2) atrophied; R2+3+4 elongated; d-cell short and broad; d-cell closed, M3 longer than d-cell, shorter than half the length of R5; cross-vein m-cu just beyond the bifurcation of Mb on M1+2 and M3+4; A1 and A2 rather long and straight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA1D63E35B917" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Hypopygium: outer gonostylus rather long, reaching almost 2/3 the length of inner gonostylus, broad basally, narrowing gradually toward the end, acutely pointed and slightly curved to the inside in its 2/3 length. Inner gonostylus broad, strongly curved inside.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA6413E5BB94B" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,1091]" box="[199,523,1066,1091]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Ovipositor: long and narrow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF6BA6FE3D74B9D8" blockId="11.[151,413,1173,1233]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEAFFE9FF6BA6FE3D6CB9A6" box="[151,316,1173,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF6BA6FE3D6CB9A6" bold="true" box="[151,316,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Helius similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFEAFFE9FEBFA6FD3DCDB9A6" box="[323,413,1174,1199]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FEBFA6FD3DCDB9A6" bold="true" box="[323,413,1174,1199]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FF63A6D33CB3B9D8" box="[159,227,1208,1233]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[282,1311,175,1138]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Helius similis sp. nov., No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFE9FF6BA76B3FFDB834" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF6BA76B3FFDB834" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF6BA76B3DD0B810" bold="true" box="[151,384,1280,1305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEAFFE9FE7AA76B3DA2B810" box="[390,498,1280,1305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: No. 3413 (male) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6FAE35FFEAFFE9FD3FA76A3F4AB810" box="[707,794,1281,1305]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3q1q-apm2" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">SNMG</collectionCode>
|
||
); additional material: No. MP/3343 (male); No. MP/3344 (male) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6FAE35FFEAFFE9FF13A74E3D7EB834" box="[239,302,1317,1341]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hv18-23j2" name="Institute of Systematic Zoology" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">ISZP</collectionCode>
|
||
); No. 940.3 (male) Coll. Ch. and H. W. Hoffeins (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6FAE35FFEAFFE9FCA1A74E3FF1B834" box="[861,929,1317,1341]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">SDEI</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFE9FF3BA7233939B8A0" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA7233939B8A0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA7233D11B868" bold="true" box="[199,321,1352,1377]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Rostrum approximately as long as the head, shorter than palpus and antenna; antenna three times as long as the rostrum, palpus almost 1.2x the length of the rostrum; the last palpal segment shorter than all the preceding taken together; vein r-m rather long, well expressed, cross-vein m-cu in proximal 1/3 of d-cell base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFE9FF3BA7DF3FA0B8C4" box="[199,1008,1460,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA7DF3FA0B8C4" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" box="[199,1008,1460,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA7DF3D1EB8C4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1460,1485]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEAFFE9FE26A7DE3E73B8C4" box="[474,547,1461,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FE26A7DE3E73B8C4" box="[474,547,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, similar. The species epithet is adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFEAFFF3FF3BA7B33979BEA8" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA7B33FB0B8F8" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" box="[199,992,1496,1521]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEAFFE9FF3BA7B33D09B8F8" bold="true" box="[199,345,1496,1521]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body: the length of specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FD47A7B23F0EB8F9" box="[699,862,1497,1521]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.42" metricValueMin="3.88" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.42" valueMin="3.88">3.88–4.42 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C58852FFEAFFE9FC90A7B33F84B8F8" box="[876,980,1496,1521]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA7973F48BBC1" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FEE8A7973D0DBB1C" box="[276,349,1532,1557]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[282,1311,175,1138]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Helius similis sp. nov., No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 10B): rostrum
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FDCCA7963EDCBB1C" box="[560,652,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.31">0.31mm</quantity>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FD66A7963F52BB1D" box="[666,770,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
|
||
(hototype), approximately as long as the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FACEA7973928BB1C" box="[1330,1400,1532,1557]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[282,1311,175,1138]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Helius similis sp. nov., No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B); antenna 16-segmented,
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FE5EA44B3E57BB31" box="[418,519,1568,1593]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, elongated, three times as long as rostrum; scape and pedicel barrel-shaped, large, its distal part conspicuously widened; pedicel very wide; first flagellomere barrel-shaped, flagellomeres 2–16 cylindrical, rather short; the last segment slightly shorter than penultimate one, dainty; flagellomeres with four elongated setae, the same length or slightly longer than the length of flagellomeres bearing them; the last one short, shorter than other flagellomeres, with three setae at apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA4BF3E5BBA3D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Palpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FED8A4BF3D39BBE4" box="[292,361,1748,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[282,1311,175,1138]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Helius similis sp. nov., No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A):
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FE64A4BE3E52BBE5" box="[408,514,1749,1773]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
; the length of last palpal segment
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FC68A4BF3FADBBE5" box="[916,1021,1748,1773]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.15">0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
, penultimate
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FB65A4BE3952BBE5" box="[1177,1282,1749,1773]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
|
||
, first and the second segments
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FE9EA4923D9CBA19" box="[354,460,1785,1809]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
; the last palpal segment elongated but shorter than all the preceding taken together, twice as long as penultimate one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEAFFE9FF3BA52B3E13BAFB" blockId="11.[151,1436,1280,2038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13452A75FFEAFFE9FEE9A52B3D09BA50" box="[277,345,1856,1881]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[282,1311,175,1138]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Helius similis sp. nov., No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="344">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C): wing
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FE39A52B3E3ABA51" box="[453,618,1856,1881]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2299999999999995" metricValueMax="4.64" metricValueMin="3.82" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="4.2299999999999995" valueMax="4.64" valueMin="3.82">3.82–4.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFEAFFE9FD21A52B3F13BA51" box="[733,835,1856,1881]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="344" unit="mm" value="0.76">0.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; pterostigma absent; vein Sc elongated, ending opposite midlength of Rs; cross-vein sc-r proximad of the end of Sc; R1 short, ending approximately at the level of ¼ of R2+3+4 length; r-r (R2) atrophied; R2+3+4 elongated rather straight; d-cell closed not very broad, rather small; M3 twice longer than d-cell, M3 longer than half the length of R5; cross-vein m-cu in the proximal 1/3 of d-cell base; A1 and A2 elongated, slightly subsinuous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFEDFFEEFF6BA6133E1CB9A4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231115/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="345" targetBox="[285,1305,179,1131]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEDFFEEFF6BA6133E1CB9A4" blockId="12.[151,1435,1144,1197]" pageId="12" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEDFFEEFF6BA6133E40B987" bold="true" box="[151,528,1144,1167]" pageId="12" pageNumber="345">
|
||
FIGURE 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEDFFEEFEDCA6133DE2B986" box="[288,434,1144,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEDFFEEFEDCA6133DE2B986" bold="true" box="[288,434,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="345">Helius similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFEDFFEEFE40A6123E40B987" box="[444,528,1145,1166]" pageId="12" pageNumber="345" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, No. 3413 (male); A, head; B, relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h); C, wing venation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFEDFFEEFF6BA5D73D06BAFD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231116/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="345" targetBox="[230,1342,1242,1960]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEDFFEEFF6BA5D73D06BAFD" blockId="12.[151,1436,1980,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEDFFEEFF6BA5D73D43BAD8" bold="true" box="[151,275,1980,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="345">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Relation between the length of palpus (p), antenna (a), rostrum (r) and head (h) in different fossil species known from Baltic amber.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFECFFEFFF6BA53D3EA0BAA3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231117/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[191,1395,193,1850]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFECFFEFFF6BA53D3EA0BAA3" blockId="13.[151,1437,1878,1962]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFF6BA53D3D72BA65" bold="true" box="[151,290,1878,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFECFFEFFE33A53D3E41BA65" box="[463,529,1878,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFE33A53D3E41BA65" box="[463,529,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">Helius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Baltic amber. A
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFCFCA53C385CBA65" bold="true" box="[768,1036,1878,1901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFECFFEFFCFCA53C3FE1BA64" box="[768,945,1878,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffeinsorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFCFCA53C3FE1BA64" bold="true" box="[768,945,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">H. hoffeinsorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFECFFEFFC45A53C385CBA65" box="[953,1036,1879,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, No. 1462 (male), holotype, the body, lateral view; B.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFEC0A51D3DABBA82" bold="true" box="[316,507,1908,1931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFECFFEFFEC0A51D3DF2BA82" box="[316,418,1908,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFEC0A51D3DF2BA82" bold="true" box="[316,418,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">H. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFECFFEFFE55A51D3DABBA82" box="[425,507,1910,1931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, No. 3413 (male) head and thorax latero-ventral view, C–D.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFECFFEFFB8DA51D393BBA82" authority="Loew, 1850" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1850" box="[1137,1387,1909,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFECFFEFFB8DA51D38B9BA83" bold="true" box="[1137,1257,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="346">H. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
Loew, 1850
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, No. 7895 (male), neotype, C. antennae, palpi, rostrum, D. head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFEFFFECFF6BA5323FFBBAC2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231118/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" targetBox="[201,1391,193,1853]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEFFFECFF6BA5323FFBBAC2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1880,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFF6BA5323D70BA67" bold="true" box="[151,288,1881,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEFFFECFE32A5323E40BA66" box="[462,528,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFE32A5323E40BA66" box="[462,528,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">Helius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Baltic amber. A–B
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFCE2A5313FB4BA67" bold="true" box="[798,996,1880,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEFFFECFCE2A5313FD9BA66" box="[798,905,1880,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFCE2A5313FD9BA66" bold="true" box="[798,905,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">H. fossilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFEFFFECFC6DA5323FB4BA67" box="[913,996,1881,1902]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, No. 587 (RS64) (male), holotype, A. the body, lateral view; B. head, lateral view C.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFD90A5133F2DBA84" bold="true" box="[620,893,1911,1934]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEFFFECFD90A5133F4EBA87" box="[620,798,1911,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffeinsorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFD90A5133F4EBA87" bold="true" box="[620,798,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">H. hoffeinsorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFEFFFECFCD4A5133F2DBA84" box="[808,893,1912,1933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, No. 1462 (male), hypopygium; D–E
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEFFFECFAEAA5133D02BAA5" authority="Krzeminski, 1993" authorityName="Krzeminski" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEFFFECFAEAA51339CCBA87" bold="true" box="[1302,1436,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="347">H. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
Krzemiński, 1993
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, No. 225 (female), holotype, D. antennae, E. wing. Abbreviation of male hypopygium: gx—gonocoxite, ing—inner gonostylus, oug—outer gonostylus, aed—aedeagus, p—paramere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFEEFFEDFF6BA5133FD5BAC2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231119/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="348" targetBox="[155,1433,194,1887]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFEEFFEDFF6BA5133FD5BAC2" blockId="15.[151,1437,1912,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="348">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEEFFEDFF6BA5133D4FBA84" bold="true" box="[151,287,1912,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="348">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron microphotographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFEEFFEDFD40A5133FB5BA87" authority="(Walker, 1856)" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[700,997,1912,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFEEFFEDFD40A5133F17BA86" bold="true" box="[700,839,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="348">Helius flavus</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female). A. the distal part of rostrum with nasus and palpi visible; B. the last palpal segment; C. the apical part of the last palpal segment with microtrichia. Abbreviation: R—rostrum; NS—nasus; P—palpi; MI—microtrichia; ES—elongated setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF016678FFF1FFF2FF6BA4B03FEBBA19" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231120/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="349" targetBox="[159,1429,193,1730]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFF1FFF2FF6BA4B03FEBBA19" blockId="16.[151,1435,1754,1808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF1FFF2FF6BA4B03D4FBBF9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1755,1777]" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of palpi of recent and fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF1FFF2FD38A4B03F56BBF8" box="[708,774,1755,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF1FFF2FD38A4B03F56BBF8" box="[708,774,1755,1777]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">Helius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A–D
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF1FFF2FCB5A4B13824BBF8" authority="(Walker, 1856)" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[841,1140,1754,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF1FFF2FCB5A4B13F83BBF8" bold="true" box="[841,979,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">Helius flavus</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; E–F.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF1FFF2FB4FA4B139CBBBF9" bold="true" box="[1203,1435,1754,1777]" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF1FFF2FB4FA4B13915BBF8" box="[1203,1349,1754,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF1FFF2FB4FA4B13915BBF8" bold="true" box="[1203,1349,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="349">Helius fossilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFF1FFF2FAB7A4B039CBBBF9" box="[1355,1435,1755,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="349" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Abbreviation: I–IV –segments of palpi; MI—microtrichia; ES—elongated setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFF0FFF3FF6BA08E3D69BE31" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<table id="F97EC450FFF0001DFF6BA08F39CCBE31" box="[151,1436,740,824]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<tr id="354E34B2FFF0001DFF6BA08F39CCBFF2" box="[151,1436,740,763]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFF6BA08F3E09BFF2" box="[151,601,740,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FF6BA08E3D75BFF3" bold="true" box="[151,293,741,763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of antennae of
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFD98A08F3F10BFF2" box="[612,832,740,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FD4CA08F3FBABFF3" authority="(Walker, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[688,1002,740,763]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FD4CA08F3F10BFF2" bold="true" box="[688,832,740,763]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">Helius flavus</emphasis>
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFCB7A08F3803BFF2" box="[843,1107,740,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">(Walker, 1856) (female).</th>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFBA7A08F39CCBFF2" box="[1115,1436,740,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">A scape and pedicel; B. first</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354E34B2FFF0001DFF6BA16839CCBE10" box="[151,1436,771,793]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFF6BA1683E09BE10" box="[151,601,771,793]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">flagellomeres. Abbreviation: SCP—scape;</th>
|
||
<td id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFD98A1683F10BE10" box="[612,832,771,793]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">PD—pedicel; III–IV</td>
|
||
<td id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFCB7A1683803BE10" box="[843,1107,771,793]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">segments of flagellum;</td>
|
||
<td id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFBA7A16839CCBE10" box="[1115,1436,771,793]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">MI—microtrichia; sc—sensilla</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354E34B2FFF0001DFF6BA14939CCBE31" box="[151,1436,802,824]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="769F5DCEFFF0001DFF6BA1493E09BE31" box="[151,601,802,824]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">coeloconica (?).</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFF0FFF3FF3BA10F3979BEA8" blockId="17.[151,1436,868,1109]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
Hypopygium: 0-38-
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B15FFF0FFF3FE58A10F3E5CBE75" box="[420,524,868,893]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="0.54">0.54 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; gonocoxite elongated and rather narrow, inner gonostylus narrowed in the distal part, wide at the base, shorter than half the length of gonocoxite; outer gonostylus not well visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364657BFFF0FFF3FF3BA1C738DAB95C" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136F0FFF0FFF3FF3BA1C738DAB95C" blockId="17.[151,1436,868,1109]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FF3BA1C73D6BBECC" bold="true" box="[199,315,940,965]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FD91A1C63EBCBECD" box="[621,748,941,964]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FD91A1C63EBCBECD" box="[621,748,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having comparatively short rostrum. In the new species rostrum is shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FE41A1BA3E69BEE1" box="[445,569,977,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FE41A1BA3E69BEE1" box="[445,569,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, approximately as long as the head. Also the new species differs in ratios of rostrum and palpus lengths. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FE08A19E3E0FB904" box="[500,607,1013,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FE08A19E3E0FB904" box="[500,607,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2395799FFF0FFF3FD9BA19F3E91B904" box="[615,705,1012,1037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FD9BA19F3E91B904" bold="true" box="[615,705,1012,1037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
rostrum is shorter than palpus and shorter than the half length of antenna (about 1/3 the length of antenna), in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FD64A6723F45B939" box="[664,789,1049,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FD64A6723F45B939" box="[664,789,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rostrum is rather equal to palpus and approximately half the length of antennae. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FE47A6563E76B95C" box="[443,550,1085,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FE47A6563E76B95C" box="[443,550,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D73FFF0FFF3FD3BA6563F12B95D" box="[711,834,1085,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Helius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAE2FFF0FFF3FD3BA6563F12B95D" box="[711,834,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="350">H. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wing is without pterostigma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |