303 lines
38 KiB
XML
303 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="A8F23730B3E7123C49D1EF0C622DB467" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4755.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="70aae18d-e6ec-4bb1-abe0-27d1f24fbab8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3724261" ID-ZooBank="53E41147-52AA-4A16-BB69-3A9279A303AF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584968507449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barr, Cheryl B. & Shepard, William D." docDate="2020" docId="039CB74BFFDB3A5AF9DFF8F2FDEE9679" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4755.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4755 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parygrus erichsoni Waterhouse 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="FFA5CF33FFDE3A52F948FFB8FF87956E" masterDocTitle="Hiding in plain sight: rediscovery and review of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, with description of five new species from the Neotropics (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea Dryopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="104" updateTime="1698730760387" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7853BF28E6FE4D4AEAE8D0E55EC289EA">Hiding in plain sight: rediscovery and review of Parygrus Erichson, 1847, with description of five new species from the Neotropics (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea Dryopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8547178FD55F4D44D2D3353CB388BE1A">Barr, Cheryl B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="806DEE86F535127F3547C64F0ECC08C5">Shepard, William D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EE610DF71BE118318F3EC836613B908C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ED1E0622038B4BE79061F998C198B97C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9E30D307CCDC1F51737390A906894AAA">
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<mods:date id="FA567AE6F8AB1A13541EFEA36563729B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7BA868044C6FFA4CABE83638485D669E">2020-03-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A838299ADA2920CC603790F8EBEBAE55">4755</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A047FD255F873FE037421F66FCA0857C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5DD356EA84504B8101D75B9D88337DB2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4755.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039CB74BFFDB3A5AF9DFF8F2FDEE9679" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3730225" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162696910" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3730225" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039CB74BFFDB3A5AF9DFF8F2FDEE9679" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039CB74BFFDB3A5AF9DFF8F2FDEE9679" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">
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<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FEC492E6" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FDE3920A" blockId="5.[151,612,1794,1928]" box="[151,612,1865,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">
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<heading id="D0C2B131FFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FDE3920A" bold="true" box="[151,612,1865,1892]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FDE3920A" authority="Waterhouse, 1876" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,612,1865,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FDE3920A" bold="true" box="[151,612,1865,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFDB3A57F9DFF8F2FEFA920A" bold="true" box="[151,381,1865,1892]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">Parygrus erichsoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFDB3A57F8CDF8F2FDE3920A" author="Waterhouse, C. O." box="[389,612,1866,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" pagination="11 - 25" refId="ref22177" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1876) III. On various new genera and species of Coleoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1876 (Part I), 11 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1876. tb 01122. x" type="journal article" year="1876">Waterhouse, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFDB3A57F9DFF8D6FEC492E6" blockId="5.[151,612,1794,1928]" box="[151,323,1901,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">(Figs 2, 5, 6, 7)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFDB3A54F9DFF80EFB479471" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFDB3A57F9DFF80EFA1A929A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1973,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFDB3A57F9DFF80EFEC092BE" bold="true" box="[151,327,1973,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5D0C00FFDB3A57F807F80EFA1A929A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576871" collectorName="C. Waterh." country="Colombia" location="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFDB3A57F807F80EFD9C92BE" bold="true" box="[335,539,1973,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">
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<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFDB3A57F807F80EFE3B92BE" box="[335,444,1974,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female.
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</emphasis>
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“Type [circular off-white label with red border, printed] // Colum/bia [
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<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFDB3A57FC0CF80EFF3B929A" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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] 46 /20 [label reverse side] [circular off-white label, handwritten] /
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFDB3A57FA8AF862FBA1929A" authorityName=", Erichson" authorityYear="1847" box="[962,1062,2010,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parygrus</taxonomicName>
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/ Erichsoni, / (Type.)
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<collectorName id="26C0638BFFDB3A57FC6BF862FA1A929A" box="[1315,1437,2010,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="104">C. Waterh.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F9DFFF20FB3195B9" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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[Waterhouse][off-white label, handwritten] //
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD83A54FBD9FF21FD7C95DD" box="[657,763,153,179]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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010580154 [white bar code label, printed]” (
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<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD83A54FDA4FF21FAA895DD" box="[1260,1327,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[234,1349,200,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[216,1371,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parygrus erichsoni, holotype female: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724267/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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). Depository
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD83A54F983FF05FEBE95B9" box="[203,313,189,215]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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. In his description,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD83A54FB5BFF05FC8B95B9" author="Waterhouse, C. O." box="[531,780,188,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" pagination="11 - 25" refId="ref22177" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1876) III. On various new genera and species of Coleoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1876 (Part I), 11 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1876. tb 01122. x" type="journal article" year="1876">
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Waterhouse (1876:19
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FA4BFF04FC8B95B9" bold="true" box="[771,780,188,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">)</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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simply stated “Columbia. Brit. Mus.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFF58FB479471" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFF58FCB29595" bold="true" box="[199,821,224,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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Additional specimen examined. Male.
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<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD83A54FBC5FF58FCB79595" box="[653,816,224,251]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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“Columbia [Colombia] [circular off-white label, handwritten] //
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD83A54F845FEBDFEF09471" box="[269,375,261,287]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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010580155 [white bar code label, printed]” (Fig. 6). Depository
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<collectionCode id="ED249E98FFD83A54FD06FEBDFB3B9471" box="[1102,1212,261,287]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD83A54F98FFE90FB4E9751" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFE90FB4E9751" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFE90FEC5942D" bold="true" box="[199,322,296,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FB18FE92FCAC942D" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[592,811,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FB18FE92FCAC942D" box="[592,811,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Parygrus erichsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 7) are distinctive (among species for which the genitalia are known), although like
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FB6BFEF6FDFC9409" authority="Barr & Shepard, 2020" authorityName="Barr & Shepard" authorityYear="2020" box="[547,635,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FB6BFEF6FDFC9409" box="[547,635,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">P. maya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FBC9FEF5FD479409" bold="true" box="[641,704,333,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2726734FFD83A54FBC9FEF5FD479409" box="[641,704,333,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(Fig. 13) they bear a subapical tooth on the inner margins of each paramere. In the latter species, however, the penis does not closely approach the paramere teeth, while in
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FC75FECAFF4194C1" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FC75FECAFF4194C1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">P. erichsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the penis nearly reaches the teeth. Also, the paramere tips of
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FA25FE2EFC7794C1" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[877,1008,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FA25FE2EFC7794C1" box="[877,1008,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">P. erichsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are blunt in lateral view, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FCC0FE2EFF5394BD" authority="Barr & Shepard, 2020" authorityName="Barr & Shepard" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FCC0FE2EFF5394BD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">P. maya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F993FE01FE9E94BD" bold="true" box="[219,281,441,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2726734FFD83A54F993FE01FE9E94BD" box="[219,281,441,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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they are acute. Externally they are also dissimilar as follows:
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FA99FE02FB2F94BD" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[977,1192,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FA99FE02FB2F94BD" box="[977,1192,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Parygrus erichsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD83A54FDFFFE01FA8794BD" box="[1207,1280,440,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[234,1349,200,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[216,1371,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parygrus erichsoni, holotype female: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724267/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Figs 5</figureCitation>
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, 6) is covered with setae that are long, dark, coarse, and erect on the dorsum; and the pronotum is much wider at base than apex.
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54F9DFFDBAFEC39775" authority="Barr & Shepard, 2020" authorityName="Barr & Shepard" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,324,514,539]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maya" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F9DFFDBAFEC39775" box="[151,324,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Parygrus maya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F803FDB9FE0D9775" bold="true" box="[331,394,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2726734FFD83A54F803FDB9FE0D9775" box="[331,394,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD83A54F8D2FDB9FE6B9775" box="[410,492,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[247,1340,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[245,1342,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Parygrus maya n. sp., male; 4.60 mm long, 1.70 mm wide: a) dorsal habitus; b) lateral habitus. FIGURE 13. Parygrus maya n. sp., male genitalia: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724271/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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) has setae shorter, yellow, finer, and semi-erect; and the pronotum is usually almost as wide at apex as base. Note that this diagnosis of
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<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FB9DFD9EFCDE9751" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[725,857,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FB9DFD9EFCDE9751" box="[725,857,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">P. erichsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on only two specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD83A5AF98FFDF0FCA39499" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFDF0FABD97C5" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFDF0FDCD970D" bold="true" box="[199,586,584,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
Redescription.
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD83A54F836FDF1FE6C970D" box="[382,491,585,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Cuticle dark brown, legs, antennae and mouthparts lighter; elongate, subcylindrical; length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54F824FDD4FE5697E9" box="[364,465,620,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="5.75">5.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
(including head),
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FBE8FDD4FC8397E9" box="[672,772,620,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
(excluding head, pronotum + elytra),
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FDFAFDD5FA9097E9" box="[1202,1303,621,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; body covered with long, erect, and short, fine, recumbent setae; pronotum slightly narrower than elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD83A54FDA0FD29FAAB97C5" box="[1256,1324,656,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[234,1349,200,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[216,1371,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parygrus erichsoni, holotype female: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724267/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFD0DFA8096C9" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFD0DFE8397A1" box="[199,260,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Head</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown; punctation shallow, dense, punctures separated by about 1x puncture diameter; setae moderately long, erect; vertex depressed in middle; frons protruding forward between antennal bases, anterior margin arcuate, distance between antennal bases less than length of antennomere 1. Antenna with antennomeres 1 and 2 red-brown, setose, antennomeres 3–11 yellow-brown, densely setose; antennomere 1 shorter than antennomere 2; antennomere 2 covering antennomeres 3–5. Clypeus barely emarginate, setose, coarsely punctate. Maxillary palpus with terminal palpomere elongate, subcylindrical, weakly curved. Labrum emarginate, coarsely punctate, densely covered with long, erect setae. Labial palpus with terminal palpomere flattened, shorter than terminal maxillary palpomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFC0AFDF79111" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFC0AFEB196A5" box="[199,310,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown; convex, disc slightly flattened at center; length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FA9CFC08FBBE96A5" box="[980,1081,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.25">1.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FDC2FC08FB6896A5" box="[1162,1263,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="2.05">2.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
, widest at basal 1/4–1/3. Anterior border straight except at strongly acute, depressed, anterolateral angles; lateral margins narrowly margined, weakly arcuate, sinuate at moderately explanate, acute, posterolateral angles; posterior border trisinuate. Disc densely punctate, punctures separated by 1x puncture diameter; setae numerous, erect, moderately long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FC22FBA5FF609135" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD83A54FC22FBA5FF679135" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown; subcordate, wider than long; anterior margin arcuate between two anterolateral notches, lateral borders nearly straight; disc flat, punctate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFB31FDE99061" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFB31FE9D91CD" box="[199,282,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Elytron</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown; length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54F8B6FB30FDE291CD" box="[510,613,1160,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="4.15">4.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FBF0FB30FC9891CD" box="[696,799,1160,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.05">1.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest at posterior 1/3; depressed at base. Disc strongly striate and punctate, with deep, closely spaced, quadrate punctures separated by less than a puncture diameter, distinct to apex; intervals convex. Semi-erect setae moderately long, widely and evenly spaced; recumbent setae short, closely spaced.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F800FB4DFE409061" box="[328,455,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Hind wing:</emphasis>
|
||
macropterous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FFAA2FB0D9365" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FFAA2FE83905D" box="[199,260,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Profemur red-brown, covered with fine, evenly spaced punctures and long, recumbent golden setae; protibia weakly arcuate, red-brown, mostly bare and shiny, dorsal surface with sparse, very long setae, ventral surface with dense row of short setae at distal 1/2; protarsus yellow-brown, shiny, dorsal surface with sparse, very long setae, ventral surface with row of short, semi-erect setae, protarsomere 5 with two pairs of longer setae at apex. Mesofemur similar to profemur; mesotibia weakly arcuate, red-brown, ventral setae much longer than those of protibia and more numerous; left mesotarsus similar to protarsus except ventral setae much longer and more numerous [right mesotarsus missing]. Metafemur, metatibia and metatarsus all similar to those of mesoleg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FF9AEFB8D9221" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FF9AEFE889341" box="[199,271,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
dark red-brown; heavily setose, evenly punctate. Prostenum long; anterior border narrowly margined; prosternal process wide and slightly depressed between procoxae, parallel-sided with thick margins; process with low, median longitudinal carina terminating in a low, oval protuberance near apex. Mesoventrite very short. Metaventrite about as long as prosternum; intercoxal process margined and flat; posterior disc depressed at junction of sulcate metakatepisternal suture and metathoracic discrimen, discrimen angled posteriorly at junction. Abdomen with long setae more dense than on rest of body; ventrite 1 with triangular intercoxal process margined, slightly depressed between metacoxae; ventrites 2–4 of equal length, evenly punctate, punctures aligned with faint, transverse strigae; ventrite 5 longest, punctate, sparsely granulate laterally, disc centrally depressed, apex with small, angular ventrally directed protuberance, covered with long setae prominent at margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD83A54F98FF8E1FB9992B1" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54F98FF8E1FE05921D" bold="true" box="[199,386,1880,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Male specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54F8ABF8E0FDCE921D" box="[483,585,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="5.25">5.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
(including head),
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FA53F8E0FC06921D" box="[795,897,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
(excluding head, pronotum + elytra);
|
||
<quantity id="4CCDABB8FFD83A54FC7FF8E0FA1A921D" box="[1335,1437,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.85">1.85 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; somewhat smaller than the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD83A54FB28F8C5FD4192F9" box="[608,710,1917,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The protibia of the male
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD83A54FAABF8C4FC6B92F9" bold="true" box="[995,1004,1916,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">(</emphasis>
|
||
Fig. 6) is weakly deflexed at the apical 1/2 and has a ventral, granulate carina, unlike that of the female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130E1AD8FFD83A54FA30F819FC3B92D5" box="[888,956,1952,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[234,1349,200,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[216,1371,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parygrus erichsoni, holotype female: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724267/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="105">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), but otherwise is morphologically similar to the female except for the sexual differences exhibited in abdominal ventrite 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4A56D5FFD93A55F9DFF8EBFDEE92FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3724267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724267/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="106" startId="7.[151,250,1875,1900]" targetBox="[234,1349,200,1848]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD93A55F9DFF8EBFDEE92FE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1875,2044]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F9DFF8EBFE949202" bold="true" box="[151,275,1875,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F851F8EDFE659202" box="[281,482,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD93A55F851F8EDFE589202" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[281,479,1876,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">Parygrus erichsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype female: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD93A55F9DFF823FD5B92B6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1875,2044]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F9DFF823FE9492DA" bold="true" box="[151,275,1947,1972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F852F825FE6392DA" box="[282,484,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD93A55F852F825FE6792DA" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[282,480,1948,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">Parygrus erichsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
non-type associated male: dorsal habitus; ventral habitus; lateral habitus; frontal view; specimen labels (specimen images provided by the NHMUK).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD93A55F9DFF85BFBD89292" blockId="7.[151,1437,1875,2044]" box="[151,1119,2019,2044]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F9DFF85BFE949292" bold="true" box="[151,275,2019,2044]" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD93A55F851F85DFE649292" box="[281,483,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD93A55F851F85DFE589292" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1876" box="[281,479,2020,2044]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">Parygrus erichsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male genitalia: a) dorsal view; b) lateral view; c) ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD63A5AF98FFF21FAD694C1" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AF98FFF21FEBE95DD" box="[199,313,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Aedeagus stout (Fig. 7). Phallobase about 1.5x longer and a little wider than paramere bases together. Parameres each blade-like, inner surface concave, in dorsal view each with an inward-facing tooth just before apex; teeth overlapping, apices capable of contacting each other; in lateral view each paramere wide, ventral surface nearly straight, dorsal surface broadly arcuate, paramere tip blunt. Penis 3/4 or more length of paramere, terminating just before paramere teeth; in dorsal view wider than paramere at midlength; evenly tapered to a slightly produced, blunt apex; dorsum longitudinally carinate. Note: The specimen no longer appears as in Fig. 6. In order to dissect the genitalia, the specimen was removed from the original pin and later remounted on a pinned card point along with abdominal ventrites 3–5; the aedeagus is stored in glycerine in a genitalia vial pinned beneath the specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD63A5AF98FFE00FCA39499" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AF98FFE00FE6894BD" bold="true" box="[199,495,440,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32246CDFFD63A5AFB8CFE01FCB194BD" box="[708,822,441,467]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Because the specific
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD63A5AFD62FE01FBDD94BD" box="[1066,1114,441,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is unknown, the star on the distribution map is positioned mid-country (Fig. 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD63A5AF98FFDB9FA9F9751" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD63A5AF98FFDB9FA9F9751" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AF98FFDB9FEC99775" bold="true" box="[199,334,513,539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse did not cite an etymology, but the specific epithet undoubtedly honored Dr. W. F. Erichson, the author of the genus and a noted, early German entomologist who specialized in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD63A5AFDDEFD9DFA929751" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1174,1301,549,575]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32F55D6FFD63A5AF98FFDF0FDEE9679" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8A065DFFD63A5AF98FFDF0FDEE9679" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AF98FFDF0FEC8970D" bold="true" box="[199,335,584,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD63A5AF81EFDF1FDAC970A" author="Waterhouse, C. O." box="[342,555,585,612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" pagination="11 - 25" refId="ref22177" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1876) III. On various new genera and species of Coleoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1876 (Part I), 11 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1876. tb 01122. x" type="journal article" year="1876">Waterhouse (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote his description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD63A5AFA0AFDF2FBA2970D" authority="in Latin" authorityName="in Latin" box="[834,1061,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AFA0AFDF2FC41970D" box="[834,966,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">P. erichsoni</emphasis>
|
||
in Latin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
followed by an English comparison with the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD63A5AF8C8FDD6FCB797E9" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[384,816,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolifericornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AF8C8FDD6FDFD97E9" box="[384,634,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Parnus prolifericornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD63A5AFBC9FDD5FCB797E9" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[641,816,621,647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" refId="ref21332" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1792) Entomologica Systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species. Adjectis Synonimis, Locis, Obervationibus, Descriptionibus. Tome 1. Pars 1. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, 330 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 122153" type="book" year="1792">Fabricius, 1792</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD63A5AFA85FDD6FAF097E9" authority="(Geoffroy, 1785))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1785" box="[973,1399,620,647]" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Dryops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AFA85FDD6FB2197E9" box="[973,1190,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Dryops auriculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA47BACFFD63A5AFDFCFDD5FAE397E9" author="Geoffroy, M. M. & Fourcroy, A. F." box="[1204,1380,620,647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" refId="ref21396" refString="Geoffroy, M. M. & Fourcroy, A. F. (1785) Entomologia Parisiensis; sive catalogus insectorum quae in Agro Parisiensi reperiuntur; secundum methodum Geoffraeanam in sectiones, genera and species distributus: cui addita funt nomina trivalia & fere trecentae novae Species. Pars prima. Via and Aedibus Serpentineis, Parisiis, 231 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36528" type="book" year="1785">Geoffroy, 1785</bibRefCitation>
|
||
))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At the end of the Latin description is the line “Long. 2 ¾ lin.; lat. 1 lin.” This is likely the length vs. width body proportions. Waterhouse made no mention of the number of specimens before him. However, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD63A5AFD88FD0DFB7797A1" box="[1216,1264,693,719]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">type</typeStatus>
|
||
female and associated male have nearly identical locality labels with the same handwriting and were mounted similarly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C357DDEFFD63A5AFC7CFD62FF789679" class="Insecta" family="Dryopidae" genus="Parygrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erichsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941DA4FFFD63A5AFC7CFD62FF789679" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Parygrus erichsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548EB8FFFFD63A5AF801FD45FEFE9679" box="[329,377,765,791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |