133 lines
19 KiB
XML
133 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1B5ED47CB7AE691CF2930CA798BBE93E">Synodontis acanthoperca, a new species from the Ogooue River system, Gabon with comments on spiny ornamentation and sexual dimorphism in mochokid catfishes (Siluriformes: Mochokidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F37C37AA3C8A73D6B10DFF76085C69CA">John P. Friel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5144852297D740F7DB43A2E75ADDE58A">Thomas R. Vigliotta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A6D94EAB9EAFC367B91EF8090C4BB2A8">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A51308C1090F37AE12F9C27FE529BBD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491904" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100121727" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491904" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A51308C1090F37AE12F9C27FE529BBD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A51308C1090F37AE12F9C27FE529BBD9" lastPageNumber="46" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection id="2A83784FB0F5077E2F8869D16CA0CDBC" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2F864820C348205CA3918DCB7DCD642B">
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[[ Genus
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<taxonomicName id="7C9EB32DC8F06CDAEDF133D7F31B06CD" ID-CoL="7RBN" ID-ENA="42509" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8031AA56-61C0-4DA5-BAA8-184754AAEF7B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis Cuvier 1816:203" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synodontis Cuvier</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="54837704C558E667CD923254C2348DB1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="69C7CB4764B33A776D9C9133F07D5837" pageNumber="45">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="BAE366B083F1427752A896AEE3CA5D5B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8031AA56-61C0-4DA5-BAA8-184754AAEF7B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis Cuvier 1816:203" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synodontis Cuvier, 1816</taxonomicName>
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is the most species rich and widespread genus of mochokid catfishes. As currently recognized the genus contains approximately 120 valid species distributed throughout most of the freshwaters of sub-Saharan Africa and the Nile River system. Larger
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<taxonomicName id="D9C31EB7E770ABA02DDEAD1384431245" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8031AA56-61C0-4DA5-BAA8-184754AAEF7B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis Cuvier 1816:203" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synodontis</taxonomicName>
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species are important food fishes in many parts of Africa and are commonly known as “squeakers” because they readily produce sounds by stridulating their pectoral spines when handled or disturbed. Furthermore many
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<taxonomicName id="63BFEEC335576B91FB0F8E9FE4816438" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8031AA56-61C0-4DA5-BAA8-184754AAEF7B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis Cuvier 1816:203" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synodontis</taxonomicName>
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species are prized ornamental fishes because they have striking pigmentation patterns or display unusual behaviors like an upside down swimming posture.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF0A73F288AEDECC0EB7647364D942CE" pageNumber="46">
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Poll (1971) last revised the entire genus and noted seven species reported from Gabon based on specimens he examined or previous published accounts and faunal lists:
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<taxonomicName id="F2982A753224ADF6F901C59A86E1778D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2EB1430-55B8-4BB4-80A1-A7D87EF88C1A" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891:87" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angelicus">S. angelicus Schilthuis 1891</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6D73F9807B8FD6F962B5C31FE624C7CC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F09F6F38-6124-4678-B806-8A0D6E8D343C" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis albolineatus Pellegrin 1924:320" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albolineatus">S. albolineatus Pellegrin 1924</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5286DACE831876F5491F6E3C0B109DF0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6AC7E34E-19AD-4952-AC16-D3C7BDDC1B90" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865:452" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
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S. guttatus
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<normalizedToken id="7DDFAAB9832232033DE585A10D0EB6F8" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
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1865
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="385F6DE31BE055CE8FD936C338DB9162" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DB1D3F4-03EA-4FDC-A991-F8980688C50B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis haugi Pellegrin 1906:470" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haugi">S. haugi Pellegrin 1906</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8EE3997A73A5140181B82048300B9A62" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66E59AE3-7B5A-4D8D-9303-BDB98585AA41" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898:415" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">S. obesus Boulenger 1898</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="01DF2B0B42E07186F3DD028836C2566A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B020537-0969-44FF-B156-9B858B327CC4" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis polyodon Vaillant 1895:48" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyodon">S. polyodon Vaillant 1895</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="926F9CE720D3C79C25EFCB19A4A7020C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8AEF41AB-C78F-4FCC-9415-0D75A9985325" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911:523" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tessmanni">S. tessmanni Pappenheim 1911</taxonomicName>
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. Four of these species have well documented type localities within Gabon (
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<taxonomicName id="71D60420A5FCF3C0757BE87AAE01682D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F09F6F38-6124-4678-B806-8A0D6E8D343C" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis albolineatus Pellegrin 1924:320" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albolineatus">S. albolineatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D87CE51C392F936B3E8512CBFA10EA87" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DB1D3F4-03EA-4FDC-A991-F8980688C50B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis haugi Pellegrin 1906:470" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haugi">S. haugi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C9518BB49C67E89E4311F699BB98F98A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B020537-0969-44FF-B156-9B858B327CC4" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis polyodon Vaillant 1895:48" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyodon">S. polyodon</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C6B3F3EF8E4B444D3E996EC3409E7886" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8AEF41AB-C78F-4FCC-9415-0D75A9985325" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911:523" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tessmanni">S. tessmanni</taxonomicName>
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) and appear to be endemics of the
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<normalizedToken id="BDC0904C156713938A793A6D2E5ACB32" originalValue="Ogôoué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
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or Ntem Rivers and their tributaries.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AD1A7AA34A14ECC2F8565C0DDE5E897F" pageNumber="46">
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In contrast, the presences of
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<taxonomicName id="CC26DC9AB4213943476D8E8591F016C4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2EB1430-55B8-4BB4-80A1-A7D87EF88C1A" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891:87" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angelicus">S. angelicus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="37BA9CA8911C5948D9E07D56709B993F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6AC7E34E-19AD-4952-AC16-D3C7BDDC1B90" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865:452" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">S. guttatus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="693F9CB898655E598EF4ACE986EC0EE6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66E59AE3-7B5A-4D8D-9303-BDB98585AA41" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898:415" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">S. obesus</taxonomicName>
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in Gabon are uncertain or possibly erroneous. First, the claim for
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<taxonomicName id="FD4C175111E2B9AFE73E3FE53A6C7C8C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2EB1430-55B8-4BB4-80A1-A7D87EF88C1A" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891:87" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angelicus">S. angelicus</taxonomicName>
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is based on the junior synonym
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<taxonomicName id="8EADE86154757B63D7CC069EE7CA745F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ED066307-8222-445B-85CF-A950E55BEEBF" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis tholloni Boulenger 1901:304 [footnote]" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tholloni">S. tholloni Boulenger 1901</taxonomicName>
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known from a single specimen (MNHN 1890-0030) collected at an unspecified locality possibly within the
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<normalizedToken id="AAE4CE8F011EFF78F1408596A03870B5" originalValue="Ogôoué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
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basin of Gabon. Otherwise,
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<taxonomicName id="251EF22C8FD325ACBFD6E0173AFFC030" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2EB1430-55B8-4BB4-80A1-A7D87EF88C1A" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis angelicus Schilthuis 1891:87" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angelicus">S. angelicus</taxonomicName>
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is known exclusively from the Congo basin. Second, Poll (1971) did not find any specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C963EAD030C712E896DD3D530440033" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6AC7E34E-19AD-4952-AC16-D3C7BDDC1B90" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis guttatus Günther 1865:452" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">S. guttatus</taxonomicName>
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from Gabon, questioned published records from Gabon by Sauvage (1880, 1884) and concluded that the species is only found in the lower Niger basin. Finally, Boulenger (1898) described
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<taxonomicName id="CB785BC4D705AD16CE7932B4F20262B0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66E59AE3-7B5A-4D8D-9303-BDB98585AA41" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898:415" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">S. obesus</taxonomicName>
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based on three syntypes, one from the Opobo River, Nigeria (BMNH 1896.5.5.67) and two from an unspecified locality in Gabon (BMNH 1881.7.20.5-6). Poll (1971) subsequently designated the Nigerian syntype as the lectotype for
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<taxonomicName id="3326530681B2F2C032EC8794B83C3C43" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66E59AE3-7B5A-4D8D-9303-BDB98585AA41" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898:415" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">S. obesus</taxonomicName>
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. Given this type fixation and the uncertain locality data for the paralectotypes, the presence of
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<taxonomicName id="7B052F2518662EF2B415D33CF55797A7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66E59AE3-7B5A-4D8D-9303-BDB98585AA41" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis obesus Boulenger 1898:415" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">S. obesus</taxonomicName>
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in Gabon remains ambiguous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6AE21C3F02F82D9506E8E4CE7BCCB7C" pageNumber="46">
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Since Poll’s revision, the first author and others have made many more collections of Gabonese fishes. Review of this material for an upcoming edited book on the freshwater fishes of West Central Africa (Lower Guinea) has revealed the presence of at least eight
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<taxonomicName id="889BFCD34DE91DDC86665D54FD974F62" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8031AA56-61C0-4DA5-BAA8-184754AAEF7B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis Cuvier 1816:203" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synodontis</taxonomicName>
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species in Gabon. These include the previously known endemics (
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<taxonomicName id="16480C937AFF6D3E4F1723EFFFDC4D6A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F09F6F38-6124-4678-B806-8A0D6E8D343C" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis albolineatus Pellegrin 1924:320" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albolineatus">S. albolineatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="82C59F16D3E8BE9679F363FC397AACD4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DB1D3F4-03EA-4FDC-A991-F8980688C50B" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis haugi Pellegrin 1906:470" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haugi">S. haugi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B4BCC666A54DB2228E6815E70FBA932C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B020537-0969-44FF-B156-9B858B327CC4" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis polyodon Vaillant 1895:48" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyodon">S. polyodon</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="6CEE2234ECEE19E098736708C0E398AD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8AEF41AB-C78F-4FCC-9415-0D75A9985325" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis tessmanni Pappenheim 1911:523" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tessmanni">S. tessmanni</taxonomicName>
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), plus four additional species. One of these,
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<taxonomicName id="F224BE2453342287852B0B113E012D09" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB768AC8-6DB9-4A29-A1E0-4CF018CA15E4" family="Mochokidae" genus="Synodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Synodontis batesii Boulenger 1907:50" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batesii">S. batesii Boulenger 1907</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally described from the Congo basin of Cameroon, is now known from both the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D78E51A7F27CE351F43C0D9854EAE973" originalValue="Ogôoué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Ntem basins of Gabon. The other newly recorded species are currently under study by several researchers. One of these new species that has unique bony ornamentation and sexual dimorphism is described here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |