287 lines
70 KiB
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287 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="454A55B6E6C6561AAFFBB9294750EE18" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639050" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725341180914" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Frankovich, Thomas A., Sullivan, Michael J. & Stacy, Nicole I." docDate="2015" docId="03942316FFEFD361FF75FE2CFAADFE79" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.204.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 204 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Tursiocola varicopulifera Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFAD5B6EFFEBD366FFFDFFCCFFC3FFA0" masterDocTitle="Three New Species of Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) from the Skin of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1725347316916" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1DFDB76E53804B1174A3ED26747F7ADD">Three New Species of Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) from the Skin of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EFEC8549E56D797D51F277A5685E446B">Frankovich, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EB281BC0774332493A2C5624E497665F">Florida International University, Florida Bay Interagency Science Center, 98630 Overseas Highway, Key Largo, FL 33037, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F58795808DF307FAB3A175E9968BB9C0">Sullivan, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="659F400F0433EF2501FA7823BA9DB19F">Stacy, Nicole I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="01ADF7BC99BCF38C16B259D05F9763F3">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4EDAA88FAF9DC44E5DBED72631C66E04">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="537D5D625019977432EC9DE24F10689D">2015-03-27</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0CA256CFFEFD362FF75FE2CFBC9FE59" bold="true" box="[136,1034,480,505]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEFD362FF75FE2CFCC5FE59" authority="Frankovich & M.J. Sullivan" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,774,480,505]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="varicopulifera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEFD362FF75FE2CFE6EFE59" bold="true" box="[136,429,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Tursiocola varicopulifera</emphasis>
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Frankovich & M.J. Sullivan
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,
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEFD362FCEFFE2CFCA0FE59" bold="true" box="[786,867,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">sp. nov</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FC84FE2CFBC2FE59" box="[889,1025,480,505]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 25–37" captionStart-1="FIGURES 38–41" captionStart-2="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId-0="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox-0="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetBox-1="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId-0="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetId-1="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetId-2="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." captionText-1="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." captionText-2="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figs. 25–46</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF42C288FFEFD362FF75F8A9FB84F81A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" startId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" targetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B829200FFEFD362FF75F8A9FB84F81A" blockId="4.[136,1452,1893,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEFD362FF75F8A9FEF7F8DA" bold="true" box="[136,308,1893,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">FIGURES 25–37</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEFD362FEC3F8A9FDF0F8DA" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[318,563,1893,1914]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="varicopulifera">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEFD362FEC3F8A9FDF0F8DA" box="[318,563,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Tursiocola varicopulifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B829200FFEFD363FF75F821FE1DFD71" blockId="4.[136,1452,2029,2086]" lastBlockId="5.[189,1452,160,721]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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The frustules are narrow, broadly rectangular to constricted in the middle in girdle view with bluntly rounded ends and striated girdle bands that extend slightly beyond the valve apices (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FD8EF7DDFD2AF786" box="[627,745,2065,2086]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figs. 25–29</figureCitation>
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). The valves are isopolar and linear lanceolate (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FB4AF7DDFAB7F786" box="[1207,1396,2065,2086]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figs. 30–32, 34–35</figureCitation>
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) with wide mantles (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FEB1FF6CFE01FF15" box="[332,450,160,181]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–29</figureCitation>
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), and sub-acute apices (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FD57FF6CFCE1FF15" box="[682,802,160,181]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–36</figureCitation>
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). Length 31–57 μm, width 2.9–4.7 μm, length to width ratio 10.3– 12.3. The raphe is straight and lies within a narrow axial area (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FCEFFF08FC13FF79" box="[786,976,196,217]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–32, 34–35</figureCitation>
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). The proximal raphe ends are straight, expanded, pore-like, and terminate within a large, circular central area (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FCD9FF24FC2AFF5D" box="[804,1001,232,253]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–32, 34–35</figureCitation>
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). The central area is intersected by a narrow rectangular stauros (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FE79FEC0FD87FE81" box="[388,580,268,289]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–32, 34–35</figureCitation>
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) that extends down the mantle and connects with a broad hyaline area along the margin of the middle of the valves (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FE2BFEFCFD8DFEE5" box="[470,590,304,325]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–29</figureCitation>
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). Also visible in girdle view when focused on the plane of the raphe is a refractive line extending from the apices to the edge of the central area (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FD1EFE98FC9AFEC9" box="[739,857,340,361]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 26–29</figureCitation>
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). This refractive line is likely evidence of an internal siliceous rib associated with the raphe. The transapical striae are slightly convergent in the middle of the valve becoming parallel towards the apices (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FEF5FE50FEBDFE11" box="[264,382,412,433]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 32–35</figureCitation>
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),
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<quantity id="4CC53FE5FFEED363FE6DFE50FE25FE11" box="[400,486,412,433]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" metricValueMax="7.112" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="in" value="26.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="25.0">25–28 in</quantity>
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||
10 μm. The transapical striae are shortened in the middle of the valve where they terminate before reaching the valve margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FE38FE0CFDF8FE75" box="[453,571,448,469]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–29</figureCitation>
|
||
). By focusing through the valve, pseudosepta can be seen to extend over approximately 1/5 of the valve length from each apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FDE7FE28FD4EFE59" box="[538,653,484,505]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–36</figureCitation>
|
||
) and then continue as narrow strips along the valve margin before connecting with the butterfly-like structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FE30FDC4FD86FDBD" box="[461,581,520,541]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30–36</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pseudosepta and the butterfly-like structure enclose two oblong-shaped areas with slight constrictions in their middle on either side of the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FCB2FDE0FC07FDE1" box="[847,964,556,577]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 30, 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). The girdle is composed of two to four copulae of two different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFEED363FEBCFD9CFEB7FDC5" box="[321,372,592,613]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">types</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FE7FFD9CFDDEFDC5" box="[386,541,592,613]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–29, 37</figureCitation>
|
||
). The advalvar copulae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FCF3FD9CFCE8FDC5" box="[782,811,592,613]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
, valvocopulae), present in all frustules, are more coarsely striated and have two undulating rows of linear pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FD87FDB8FD33FD29" box="[634,752,628,649]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–29</figureCitation>
|
||
). When present, abvalvar bands have relatively finer striations consisting of a single row of smaller linear pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FDC2FD54FCC3FD0D" box="[575,768,664,685]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 26, 28–29, 37</figureCitation>
|
||
). The row of pores on the abvalvar copulae curve toward the advalvar copulae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FEE8FD70FE11FD71" box="[277,466,700,721]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–37" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionTargetBox="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 26, 28–29, 37</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327C18BFFEED361FF75FCC8FB5BFE31" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEED363FF75FCC8FC7FFCC1" blockId="5.[136,1452,772,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FF75FCC8FF19FCB9" bold="true" box="[136,218,772,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Type:—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B55985DFFEED363FF27FCC8FC7BFCC1" collectingDate="2013-10-28" collectionCode="T, CAS, ANSP, BM, BRM" collectorName="A. Frankovich" country="United States of America" county="Bay" latitude="25.054998" location="Coon Key" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-80.73611" municipality="West Indian" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="GC59140" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AD290FFEED363FF27FCC8FE56FCB9" box="[218,405,772,793]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F95CE2FFEED363FE5CFCC8FE29FCB9" box="[417,490,772,793]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F95CE2FFEED363FE0AFCC8FDFFFCB9" box="[503,572,772,793]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62E3EA8CFFEED363FDBBFCC8FDAEFCB9" box="[582,621,772,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Bay</collectingCounty>
|
||
, skin samples removed from a recently dead individual of a
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6087AFFEED363FB26FCC8FA92FCB9" box="[1243,1361,772,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">West Indian</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
manatee
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEED363FF40FCE4FEBDFC9D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[189,382,808,829]" class="Mammalia" family="Trichechidae" genus="Trichechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sirenia" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FF40FCE4FEBDFC9D" box="[189,382,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Trichechus manatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the vicinity of
|
||
<location id="8EE2C4DBFFEED363FDD1FCE4FD53FC9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03942316FFEFD361FF75FE2CFAADFE79:8EE2C4DBFFEED363FDD1FCE4FD53FC9D" box="[556,656,808,829]" country="United States of America" county="Bay" latitude="25.054998" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-80.73611" municipality="West Indian" name="Coon Key" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Florida">Coon Key</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09F4C7FFEED363FD67FCE4FCE2FC9D" box="[666,801,808,829]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="15" seconds="18" value="25.054998">25º 03’ 18” N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09F4C7FFEED363FCD6FCE4FC75FC9D" box="[811,950,808,829]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-80.73611">80º 44’ 10 ”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FC3DFCE4FACFFC9D" box="[960,1292,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FC3DFCE4FC13FC9D" box="[960,976,808,829]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8F7D6FFEED363FC2EFCE4FB9DFC9D" box="[979,1118,808,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">A. Frankovich</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83B4C0FFEED363FB95FCE4FACFFC9D" box="[1128,1292,808,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" value="2013-10-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC74D28FFEED363FB95FCE4FACFFC9D" box="[1128,1292,808,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" value="2013-10-28">28 October 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFEED363FAE4FCE4FAACFC9D" box="[1305,1391,808,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FA88FCE4FA6AFC9D" box="[1397,1449,808,829]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
! 223046,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FEECFC80FE45FCC1" box="[273,390,844,865]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 25–37" captionStart-1="FIGURES 38–41" captionStart-2="FIGURES 42–46" captionStart-3="FIGURES 47–57" captionStartId-0="4.[136,243,1893,1914]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionStartId-3="7.[136,243,1736,1757]" captionTargetBox-0="[383,1210,555,1866]" captionTargetBox-1="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1428,1212,1715]" captionTargetId-0="figure-124@4.[373,1215,546,1880]" captionTargetId-1="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetId-2="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetId-3="figure-486@7.[157,1429,1198,1722]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 25–37. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, LM. 25–29. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation.Arrows indicate shadow lines of internal raphe ribs. 30–36. Specimens in valve view showing size range. 37. Isolated abvalvar copula with 1 row of pores. Scale bars: 25–37 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." captionText-1="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." captionText-2="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." captionText-3="FIGURES 47–57. Tursiocola costata. Type population, LM. 47–50. Frustules in girdle view showing size range. 51–57. Specimens in valve view showing size range and morphological variation. Scale bars. 47–57 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639060" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639070" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639060/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13639070/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 25–56</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFEED363FE72FC80FE1DFCC1" box="[399,478,844,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FE1EFC80FDE6FCC1" box="[483,549,844,865]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">ANSP</collectionCode>
|
||
!
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB9B3A7BFFEED363FDD3FC80FD4DFCC1" box="[558,654,844,865]" collectionCode="GC" country="0" name="Goucher College" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">GC59140</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FD6AFC80FD02FCC1" box="[663,705,844,865]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">BM</collectionCode>
|
||
! 101 787,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FCD8FC80FC9CFCC1" box="[805,863,844,865]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" name="Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">BRM</collectionCode>
|
||
! Zu10/7)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF42C288FFEED363FF75F8EEFB47F83B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" startId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" targetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEED363FF75F8EEFB47F83B" blockId="5.[136,1453,1826,1947]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FF75F8EEFEF6F897" bold="true" box="[136,309,1826,1847]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">FIGURES 38–41</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEED363FEBFF8EEFDFBF897" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[322,568,1826,1847]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="varicopulifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FEBFF8EEFDFBF897" box="[322,568,1826,1847]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Tursiocola varicopulifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEED360FF75F800FA41FE15" blockId="5.[136,1452,1996,2057]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,160,437]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEED363FF75F800FE43F845" bold="true" box="[136,384,1996,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEED363FF75F800FF06F845" box="[136,197,1996,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">SEM</collectionCode>
|
||
morphology:—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Externally, the valve face has uniseriate transapical striae composed of fine slit-like transapically elongated areolae of varying length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEED363FDDFF83CFD6FF7A9" box="[546,684,2032,2057]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs. 38–41</figureCitation>
|
||
). The areolae are arranged in wavy longitudinal rows, approximately 17 areolae in 10 μm along the transapical axis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FD61FF6CFCE7FF19" box="[668,804,160,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 38–41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FCD2FF6CFC8CFF19" box="[815,847,160,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">44</figureCitation>
|
||
). The valve mantle is wide and slopes steeply without any clear transition between the valve face and mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FCE8FF08FC63FF7D" box="[789,928,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 39–41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FC52FF08FC39FF7D" box="[943,1018,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mantle margin is wide, heavily silicified, undulate, and expanded at the apices into spur-like extensions that expand outward from the apices and abvalvarly towards the copulae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FE0FFEC0FD8CFE85" box="[498,591,268,293]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FDA7FEC0FD66FE85" box="[602,677,268,293]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The straight raphe lies within a narrow axial area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FB18FEC0FAADFE85" box="[1253,1390,268,293]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 38–40</figureCitation>
|
||
). The central area is large, diamond-shaped, and intersected by a narrow rectangular stauros that extends to the valve margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FF6DFE98FED8FECD" box="[144,283,340,365]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 38–39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FED4FE98FEB7FECD" box="[297,372,340,365]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The proximal raphe ends are straight, expanded, pore-like, and terminate slightly within the hyaline central area but before the rectangular stauros (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FD04FEB4FC47FE31" box="[761,900,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 38–39</figureCitation>
|
||
). The distal raphe ends are apparently bifurcated and obscured by overhanging siliceous flaps that bend towards the same side of the valve at both apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FADCFE50FAB6FE15" box="[1313,1397,412,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1826,1847]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,916,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-407@5.[151,1436,907,1813]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 38. External view of whole valve showing axial and central areas. 39. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and straight expanded proximal raphe ends. 40. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. 41. Detail of external valve apex in mantle view showing transapically elongated areolae and spur-like extension of valve margin at apex. Scale bars. 38 = 10 μm; 39–41 = 1 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639062/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF42C288FFEDD360FF75F995FAF1F952" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" startId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" targetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEDD360FF75F995FAF1F952" blockId="6.[136,1452,1625,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEDD360FF75F995FEF7F9CE" bold="true" box="[136,308,1625,1646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">FIGURES 42–46</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEDD360FEBDF995FDF6F9CE" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[320,565,1625,1646]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="varicopulifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEDD360FEBDF995FDF6F9CE" box="[320,565,1625,1646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Tursiocola varicopulifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEDD361FF40F8EEFDB5FF7D" blockId="6.[136,1452,1826,2067]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,160,473]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Internally, the pseudosepta extend from the apices as siliceous plates for approximately one-fifth of the valve length, which then continue as narrow strips that run along the valve margins before widening into very broad concave “wings” of the butterfly-like structure in the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FCF1F8A6FCA3F823" box="[780,864,1898,1923]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
). The narrow strips of the pseudosepta briefly widen towards their middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FE7FF842FE14F807" box="[386,471,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pseudosepta and the butterfly-like structure enclose two oblong-shaped voids on either side of the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FE25F87EFDEFF86B" box="[472,556,1970,1995]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
). The oblong-shaped voids are constricted in the middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FB57F87EFB3DF86B" box="[1194,1278,1970,1995]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally, the raphe lies along the center of a strong siliceous rib (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FD2BF81AFCA1F84F" box="[726,866,2006,2031]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs. 42–43</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two knob-like structures are present on the rib on opposing sides of the raphe at the valve center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEDD360FD64F836FD2EF7B3" box="[665,749,2042,2067]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
). The center of the butterfly-like structure is apically elongated and oval (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FF04FF6CFE8CFF19" box="[249,335,160,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
). The wings of the butterfly-like structure are very broad, concave, and connect gradually with the marginal strips of the pseudosepta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FDEBFF08FDA9FF7D" box="[534,618,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFECD361FF40FF24FB5BFE31" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
|
||
The copulae are differentiated into
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3B5989FFECD361FDBFFF24FD6EFEA1" box="[578,685,232,257]" count="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
with wide advalvar copulae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFECD361FC09FF24FBCCFEA1" box="[1012,1039,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">i.e</emphasis>
|
||
., valvocopulae) possessing two rows of transapically elongated linear pores,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC53FE5FFECD361FDBCFEC0FD60FE85" box="[577,675,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="5.588" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" unit="in" value="24.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="22.0">22–26 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm, and thinner abvalvar copulae possessing a single row of finer transapically elongated pores,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC53FE5FFECD361FE23FEFCFD82FEE9" box="[478,577,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.493" metricValueMax="8.128" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" unit="in" value="29.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="27.0">27–32 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm, (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FD55FEFCFCF0FEE9" box="[680,819,304,329]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Figs. 44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). The valvocopula is open on one end (arrow in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FAAFFEFCFA60FEE9" box="[1362,1443,304,329]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three advalvar tabs on each side. These tabs underlie the valve mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FC0EFE98FBBCFECD" box="[1011,1151,340,365]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Figs. 44–45</figureCitation>
|
||
). One tab is located in the middle and the other two are located before the open and closed ends of the copula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFECD361FBCAFEB4FB4FFE31" box="[1079,1164,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–46" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1625,1646]" captionTargetBox="[162,1427,485,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-160@6.[151,1436,478,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 42–46. Tursiocola varicopulifera. Type population, SEM. 42. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 43. Detail of butterfly structure and internal oval central area with two knobs on the raphe rib. 44. Entire frustule in girdle view showing differentiated copulae and wide mantle areas. Long arrow indicates valvocopula; short arrow indicates abvalvar copula. 45. Valve and cingulum showing connections between valvocopula and valve margin. 46. Isolated valvocopula showing 3 tabs on advalvar side and 2 rows of elongated pores. Arrow indicates open end of valvocopula. Scale bars: 42, 44, 46 = 10 μm; 43 = 1 μm; 45 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639066/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327C18BFFECD361FF40FE50FAADFE79" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFECD361FF40FE50FAADFE79" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFECD361FF40FE50FEA7FE15" bold="true" box="[189,356,412,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
From Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFECD361FE14FE50FDE0FE15" box="[489,547,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">varie</emphasis>
|
||
(differently),
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFECD361FD3DFE50FCCFFE15" box="[704,780,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">copula</emphasis>
|
||
(connecting band) and -
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFECD361FBE0FE50FB89FE15" box="[1053,1098,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">fera</emphasis>
|
||
(bearing), with reference to the bearing of copulae of different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFECD361FE18FE0CFDE3FE79" box="[485,544,448,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">types</typeStatus>
|
||
which are diagnostic for identification of this species in LM in girdle view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |