250 lines
57 KiB
XML
250 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="89E0373D77623A019B3329FD37C5BDD3" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639050" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725341180914" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Frankovich, Thomas A., Sullivan, Michael J. & Stacy, Nicole I." docDate="2015" docId="03942316FFEAD362FF75FA9EFE57FE31" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.204.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 204 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Tursiocola ziemanii Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFAD5B6EFFEBD366FFFDFFCCFFC3FFA0" masterDocTitle="Three New Species of Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) from the Skin of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1725347316916" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="3C08CDD8BCC7C4285CFD5125BA31A506">Three New Species of Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) from the Skin of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F3E1979B66F845FE377ED8276E9B61A2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7A7D0E3FD61D78DCA161E84EFB4E08B9">Frankovich, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F17B3F14E0082EF132E3074E63F0E653">Florida International University, Florida Bay Interagency Science Center, 98630 Overseas Highway, Key Largo, FL 33037, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F677D70E9EBD93CE220C2528A659D83C" type="email">frankovich@virginia.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B63888A6F7BFD82E455C296010337063">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A1F66BC99CC6605E9C7628ABCFE925D7">Sullivan, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6788F4A6D76A69BF39420E3D1D7943E4">Stacy, Nicole I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A84B5B2B436E3653C51899F520926A33">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ADE835CBF73F749DF5A3C3E26E7721FE">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AA32F9277C9E9B373FD4A5850E8B43C4">2015-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E7E4252A5B218A0AB8D87CD4208CD570">204</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="CE9CF0546D072425C2F173F42705D87F">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.204.1.3</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03942316FFEAD362FF75FA9EFE57FE31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13638944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13638944" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03942316FFEAD362FF75FA9EFE57FE31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03942316FFEAD362FF75FA9EFE57FE31" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C327C18BFFEAD367FF75FA9EFE57F88D" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B829200FFEAD367FF75FA9EFC79FACB" blockId="1.[136,954,1362,1387]" box="[136,954,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0CA256CFFEAD367FF75FA9EFC79FACB" bold="true" box="[136,954,1362,1387]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FF75FA9EFC79FACB" bold="true" box="[136,954,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEAD367FF75FA9EFD06FACB" authority="Frankovich & M.J. Sullivan" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,709,1362,1387]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="ziemanii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FF75FA9EFEAFFACB" bold="true" box="[136,364,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Tursiocola ziemanii</emphasis>
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Frankovich & M.J. Sullivan
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,
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FD2CFA9EFCE1FACB" bold="true" box="[721,802,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">sp. nov</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FCCAFA9EFC71FACB" box="[823,946,1362,1387]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14–19" captionStart-2="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionStartId-2="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetBox-1="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetId-1="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetId-2="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." captionText-1="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" captionText-2="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1–24</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B829200FFEAD367FF75FA5AFE57F88D" blockId="1.[136,1453,1430,1837]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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The frustules are rectangular in girdle view with bluntly rounded ends and porose girdle copulae (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FB6AFA5AFB3DFA0D" box="[1175,1278,1430,1453]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
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). The valves are isopolar and narrowly lanceolate, tapering gradually from the middle of the valves to the juncture of the pseudosepta and the valve margin (approx. 1/4 of the valve length) and then tapering more rapidly towards rounded, produced, rostrate apices (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FF6DFA3AFEC4F9AD" box="[144,263,1526,1549]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 7–13</figureCitation>
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). Length 20–61 μm, width 2.4–5.2 μm, length to width ratio 7.3–11.8. The valve face is slightly asymmetric around the narrow axial area with one half of the valve face wider than the other (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FC0FF9DAFB40F98D" box="[1010,1155,1558,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 7, 9–12</figureCitation>
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). The raphe is very fine and indistinguishable from the straight and more strongly silicified axial rib. The axial area is very narrow and widens at the diamond-shaped central area (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FE34F99AFD9AF9CD" box="[457,601,1622,1645]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 7, 9–12</figureCitation>
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). The central area is intersected by a narrowing stauros that appears as a narrow highly refractive bar and extends to the valve margins where its width becomes only slightly larger than the interstriae width (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FF6DF95AFF36F90D" box="[144,245,1686,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
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). The transapical striae are slightly convergent/disrupted around the central area becoming mostly parallel towards the apices (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FEFDF97AFE8CF96D" box="[256,335,1718,1741]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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),
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<quantity id="4CC53FE5FFEAD367FE9EF97AFE02F96D" box="[355,449,1718,1741]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.968999999999999" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="5.588" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="23.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="22.0">22–25 in</quantity>
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10 μm. By focusing through the valve, pseudosepta can be seen to extend over approximately 1/4 of the valve length from the apices which then continue as narrow strips along the valve margin, widening in the central area where they fuse with the stauros forming a butterfly-like structure and two pyriform-shaped voids on either side of the central area (
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<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FEEFF8DAFE45F88D" box="[274,390,1814,1837]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–13" captionStartId="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionTargetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 8, 13</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C327C18BFFEAD362FF75F8ACFE4BFEE9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FF75F8ACFF19F8D5" bold="true" box="[136,218,1888,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type:—</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B55985DFFEAD367FF27F8ACFC6FF81D" collectingDate="2013-10-28" collectionCode="T, CAS, ANSP, BM, BRM" collectorName="A. Frankovich" country="United States of America" county="Bay" latitude="25.054998" location="Coon Key" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-80.73611" municipality="West Indian" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="GC59139" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F32AD290FFEAD367FF27F8ACFE56F8D5" box="[218,405,1888,1909]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49F95CE2FFEAD367FE5CF8ACFE29F8D5" box="[417,490,1888,1909]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Florida</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49F95CE2FFEAD367FE0AF8ACFDFFF8D5" box="[503,572,1888,1909]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Florida</collectingRegion>
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<collectingCounty id="62E3EA8CFFEAD367FDBBF8ACFDAEF8D5" box="[582,621,1888,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Bay</collectingCounty>
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, skin samples removed from a recently dead individual of a
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6087AFFEAD367FB26F8ACFA92F8D5" box="[1243,1361,1888,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">West Indian</collectingMunicipality>
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manatee
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<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFEAD367FF40F848FEBDF839" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[189,382,1924,1945]" class="Mammalia" family="Trichechidae" genus="Trichechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sirenia" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manatus">
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FF40F848FEBDF839" box="[189,382,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Trichechus manatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the vicinity of
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<location id="8EE2C4DBFFEAD367FDD1F848FD53F839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03942316FFEAD362FF75FA9EFE57FE31:8EE2C4DBFFEAD367FDD1F848FD53F839" box="[556,656,1924,1945]" country="United States of America" county="Bay" latitude="25.054998" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-80.73611" municipality="West Indian" name="Coon Key" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Florida">Coon Key</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE09F4C7FFEAD367FD67F848FCE2F839" box="[666,801,1924,1945]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" precision="15" seconds="18" value="25.054998">25º 03’ 18” N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE09F4C7FFEAD367FCD6F848FC75F839" box="[811,950,1924,1945]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-80.73611">80º 44’ 10 ”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEAD367FC3DF848FACFF839" box="[960,1292,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEAD367FC3DF848FC13F839" box="[960,976,1924,1945]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">T</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="26C8F7D6FFEAD367FC2EF848FB9DF839" box="[979,1118,1924,1945]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">A. Frankovich</collectorName>
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,
|
||
<date id="FF83B4C0FFEAD367FB95F848FACFF839" box="[1128,1292,1924,1945]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2013-10-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC74D28FFEAD367FB95F848FACFF839" box="[1128,1292,1924,1945]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2013-10-28">28 October 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFEAD367FAE4F848FAACF839" box="[1305,1391,1924,1945]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEAD367FA88F848FA6AF839" box="[1397,1449,1924,1945]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
! 223047,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEAD367FEECF864FEB9F81D" box="[273,378,1960,1981]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14–19" captionStart-2="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,805,826]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionStartId-2="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[220,1366,177,788]" captionTargetBox-1="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@2.[216,1372,171,795]" captionTargetId-1="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetId-2="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–13. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci." captionText-1="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" captionText-2="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1–24</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54862CA2FFEAD367FE7EF864FE11F81D" box="[387,466,1960,1981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEAD367FE2AF864FDDAF81D" box="[471,537,1960,1981]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">ANSP</collectionCode>
|
||
!
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB9B3A7BFFEAD367FDDFF864FD41F81D" box="[546,642,1960,1981]" collectionCode="GC" country="0" name="Goucher College" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">GC59139</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEAD367FD76F864FD76F81D" box="[651,693,1960,1981]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">BM</collectionCode>
|
||
! 101 786,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFEAD367FCE4F864FC90F81D" box="[793,851,1960,1981]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14903" name="Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="Herbarium">BRM</collectionCode>
|
||
! Zu10/6)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF42C288FFE9D364FF75FCE9FAE0FCFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639052" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639052/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" startId="2.[136,243,805,826]" targetBox="[220,1366,177,788]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE9D364FF75FCE9FAE0FCFA" blockId="2.[136,1453,805,858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE9D364FF75FCE9FEE4FC9A" bold="true" box="[136,295,805,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">FIGURES 1–13</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFE9D364FECFFCE9FE2DFC9A" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[306,494,805,826]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="ziemanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE9D364FECFFCE9FE2DFC9A" box="[306,494,805,826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Tursiocola ziemanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type population, LM. 1–6. Frustules in girdle view showing size range and morphological variation. 7–13. Specimens in valve view showing size range. Scale bars: 1–13 = 10 μm. = indicates same specimen at different foci.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF42C288FFE9D364FF75F85CFA68F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" startId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" targetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE9D364FF75F85CFA68F85D" blockId="2.[136,1452,1936,2081]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE9D364FF75F85CFEF6F805" bold="true" box="[136,309,1936,1957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">FIGURES 14–19</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFE9D364FEBFF85CFDC2F805" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[322,513,1936,1957]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="ziemanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE9D364FEBFF85CFDC2F805" box="[322,513,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Tursiocola ziemanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE9D364FF75F7C0FE76F781" blockId="2.[136,1452,1936,2081]" box="[136,437,2060,2081]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">μm; 17–18 = 2 μm; 19 = 1 μm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE8D365FF75FF53FBA8FDC8" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE8D365FF75FF53FE41FF18" bold="true" box="[136,386,159,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C0AC5FFE8D365FF75FF53FF06FF18" box="[136,197,159,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">SEM</collectionCode>
|
||
morphology:—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Externally, the valve mantle slopes steeply without any clear transition between the valve face and mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FEE9FF0FFE31FF7C" box="[276,498,195,220]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 14–19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" captionText-1="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18–20</figureCitation>
|
||
). The valve face has uniseriate transapical striae composed of oval areolae extending onto the entire valve mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FE28FF2BFD76FEA0" box="[469,693,231,256]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 14–19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" captionText-1="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18–20</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mantle margin is narrow and slightly more silicified than the interstriae area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FEC0FEC7FE52FE84" box="[317,401,267,292]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). The areolae are arranged in fairly straight longitudinal rows, approximately 23 areolae in 10 μm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FF42FEE3FEB7FEE8" box="[191,372,303,328]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). A straight, narrow, and more strongly silicified axial rib lies within the axial area that widens very slightly towards the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FDC3FE9FFD37FECC" box="[574,756,339,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The raphe is very fine, straight and slightly eccentric (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FA8EFE9FFF3EFE30" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The central area is diamond-shaped with a narrow unpunctate stauros that extends to the valve margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FF6DFE57FE89FE14" box="[144,330,411,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The stauros is slightly wider on the primary side of the valve (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FBB4FE57FAC0FE14" box="[1097,1283,411,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 14–15, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The external proximal raphe ends are simple, deflected towards the secondary side of the valve, and lie along the edge of the central area terminating where the stauros extends towards the valve margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FC5BFE2FFC39FE5C" box="[934,1018,483,508]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The distal raphe ends are apparently bifurcated and obscured by overhanging siliceous flaps that bend towards the same side of the valve at both apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FF6DFDE7FF26FDE4" box="[144,229,555,580]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). A siliceous rim curves around the valve apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FCF7FDE7FC9CFDE4" box="[778,863,555,580]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). A flange-shaped siliceous outgrowth is sometimes observed extending from the mantle on one side of the apex at one of the poles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FBF7FD83FB9DFDC8" box="[1034,1118,591,616]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF42C288FFE8D365FF75F9BDFC40F946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" startId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" targetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE8D365FF75F9BDFC40F946" blockId="3.[136,1452,1649,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE8D365FF75F9BDFEF6F926" bold="true" box="[136,309,1649,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">FIGURES 20–24</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3DE983FFE8D365FEBCF9BDFE3DF926" authorityName="Frankovich & M. J. Sullivan" authorityYear="2015" box="[321,510,1649,1670]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhoicospheniaceae" genus="Tursiocola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="ziemanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFE8D365FEBCF9BDFE3DF926" box="[321,510,1649,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Tursiocola ziemanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFE8D362FF40F8DAFCCFFF7D" blockId="3.[136,1452,1814,2091]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,160,401]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Internal views of the valves reveal the butterfly-like structure that connects the pseudosepta to the central area and stauros (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FF1BF8F6FEADF8F3" box="[230,366,1850,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 16–17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FE85F8F6FE54F8F3" box="[376,407,1850,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">21</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pseudosepta extend from the apices as siliceous plates for approximately one-quarter of the valve length and then continue as narrow strips that run along the valve margins before widening at the “wings” of the butterfly-like structure in the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FD56F84EFD3DF83B" box="[683,766,1922,1947]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). The narrow strips of the pseudosepta briefly widen towards the valve center forming broad concave “wings” of the butterfly structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FC10F86AFBB9F81F" box="[1005,1146,1958,1983]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 18–19</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pseudosepta and the butterfly-like structure enclose two pyriform-shaped areas on either side of the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FB66F806FAE6F843" box="[1179,1317,1994,2019]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 16–17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally, the raphe slits open along the middle of a strong siliceous rib that widens slightly in the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FB1DF822FAABF7A7" box="[1248,1384,2030,2055]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs. 16–17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two knob-like structures are present on the rib on opposing sides of the raphe at the valve center (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFE8D365FB4AF7DEFACFF78B" box="[1207,1292,2066,2091]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). The internal central area is hexagonal and fuses with the broad wings of the butterfly-like structure at an abrupt near 90º angle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FA83FF6CFF64FF7D" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). A narrow stauros intersects the central area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FD56FF08FD3CFF7D" box="[683,767,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–19" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[291,1299,874,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-57@2.[284,1304,865,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 14–19. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 14–15. External views of whole valves showing axial and central areas. 16. Internal view of whole valve showing pseudosepta and butterfly structure. 17. Detail of butterfly structure and internal central area with stauros (arrow) and two knobs on the raphe rib. 18. Detail of external central area showing diamond-shaped central area, stauros and deflected proximal raphe ends. 19. Detail of external valve apex showing apparently bifurcated distal raphe ends. Scale bars: 14–16 = 5" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639054/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEFD362FF40FF24FE4BFEE9" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The girdle is composed of two copulae that are open on one end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FC65FF24FBDDFEA1" box="[920,1054,232,257]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figs. 20–24</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a double row of transapically elongated pores,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC53FE5FFEFD362FEB5FEC0FE6FFE85" box="[328,428,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" metricValueMax="5.588" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="19.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="17.0">17–22 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FDF3FEC0FD07FE85" box="[526,708,268,293]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figs. 20, 22–23</figureCitation>
|
||
). In whole frustules, the advalvar row is partially obscured by the valve mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13068E85FFEFD362FEDAFEFCFEBFFEE9" box="[295,380,304,329]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–24" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1649,1670]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,664,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-256@3.[154,1434,658,1636]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 20–24. Tursiocola ziemanii. Type population, SEM. 20. Entire frustule in girdle view showing cingulum with 2 copulae, each with a double row of pores. 21. Internal view of valve with attached copula. 22. Cingulum comprised of 2 copulae open on one end (arrow) with 2 rows of pores. 23. Isolated copula showing closed end (arrow) and two rows of pores. 24. Internal view of cingulum showing open (arrow) and closed ends of copulae. Scale bars: 20–22, 24 = 10 μm; 23 = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13639056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327C18BFFEFD362FF40FE98FE57FE31" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B829200FFEFD362FF40FE98FE57FE31" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9494E12FFEFD362FF40FE98FEA7FECD" bold="true" box="[189,356,340,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
the epithet honours Dr. Joseph C. Zieman (1943–), in recognition of his generous support of diatom research in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F95CE2FFEFD362FEF4FEB4FE99FE31" box="[265,346,376,401]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |