182 lines
19 KiB
XML
182 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="1D2295B7FC68EF1125174999EE3DB0E5">
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<mods:title id="29686F8C16850F68F8D802D61B9C1273">Echimyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C5048129F8DB3EF902CA1B2398369188">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C782C61E3E76D383469776217DBC59BF">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A9C56841171877586BE7BD8C059C18DA">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0E333B9514C63611743459EA22FC43EB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="5C1EE2D1744DEDB4D0C25F3572E80FCA">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="94B23892ACFDF2EFCFFA2F221D2884B3" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="77078918231133BE79E58324463A0A43">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="1CCE23D418B544A2063229F384C33938">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="4D7490FE3027C62590AE3E59189B3196">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C5A071FFCCFFF8FA7F591952B4F790" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6620756" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195809996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6620756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5A071FFCCFFF8FA7F591952B4F790" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5A071FFCCFFF8FA7F591952B4F790" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA7F59195F9AFEAA" box="[1475,1531,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA7F59195F9AFEAA" blockId="33.[1472,2507,272,399]" box="[1475,1531,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCCFFF8FA7F59195F9AFEAA" box="[1475,1531,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFCCFFF8FA7F59195F9AFEAA" box="[1475,1531,272,318]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">64.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F9B059195DF8FEAA" box="[1548,1945,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F9B059195DF8FEAA" blockId="33.[1472,2507,272,399]" box="[1548,1945,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCCFFF8F9B059195DF8FEAA" box="[1548,1945,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F9B059195DF8FEAA" box="[1548,1945,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Para Spiny Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F85C59195340FEAA" box="[2016,2337,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F85C59195340FEAA" blockId="33.[1472,2507,272,399]" box="[2016,2337,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCCFFF8F85C59195340FEAA" box="[2016,2337,272,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F85C59195340FEAA" ID-CoL="424MX" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[2016,2337,272,318]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stimulax">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8F85C59195340FEAA" box="[2016,2337,272,318]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Mesomys stimulax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA7E595952DEFE19" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA7E595953ABFEF1" blockId="33.[1472,2507,272,399]" box="[1474,2506,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCCFFF8FA7E595953ABFEF1" box="[1474,2506,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA7E59595C6CFEF1" bold="true" box="[1474,1549,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F9AB59595CBCFEF1" box="[1559,1757,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Rat-épineux du Para</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8F94E59595D2CFEF1" bold="true" box="[1778,1869,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F8EB5959520DFEF1" box="[1879,2156,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Para-Amazonas-Stachelratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8F73D595952BCFEF1" bold="true" box="[2177,2269,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F75B595953ABFEF1" box="[2279,2506,336,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Rata arboricola de Para</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA7D597152DEFE19" blockId="33.[1472,2507,272,399]" box="[1473,2239,376,397]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCCFFF8FA7D597152DEFE19" box="[1473,2239,376,397]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA7D59715CD9FE19" bold="true" box="[1473,1720,376,397]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F97D59715DB3FE19" box="[1729,2002,376,397]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Central Brazil Spiny Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCCFFF8F85C597152DEFE19" box="[2016,2239,376,397]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Surinam Spiny Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F79859B6520FFD90" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F79859B6520FFD90" blockId="33.[2084,2678,447,870]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8F79859B652DEFE48" bold="true" box="[2084,2239,447,476]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F75E59B65208FD90" ID-CoL="424MX" authority="Thomas, 1911" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stimulax">Mesomys stimulax Thomas, 1911</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F73F59E25337FCAB" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F73F59E25337FCAB" blockId="33.[2084,2678,447,870]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFCCFFF8F73F59E25333FCAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3866002305" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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“Cameta, Lower Tocantins,” Para, Brazil.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F72E5A0353E2FDBF" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[2194,2435,522,555]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stimulax">Mesomys stimulax</taxonomicName>
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was considered a subspecies of a polytypic M.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F65D5A3B502BFDC7" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[2529,2634,562,595]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispidus">hispidus</taxonomicName>
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by earlier authors. It is now recognized as a distinct species. Future studies may associate Rio Tapajos populations with M. hispidus; if so, distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F6C05ADA5079FD64" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[2428,2584,723,752]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stimulax">M. stimulax</taxonomicName>
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would be limited to the region between Rio Xin-gu and Rio Tocantins
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F6DE5B17539FFCAB" box="[2402,2558,798,831]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F6DE5B17539FFCAB" blockId="33.[2084,2678,447,870]" box="[2402,2558,798,831]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8F7985B40539DFC19" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF1341EFFFCCFFF8F7985B40539DFC19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6643324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6643324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6643324/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" startId="33.[2084,2256,841,870]" targetBox="[1470,2061,450,865]" targetPageId="33">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8F7985B40539DFC19" blockId="33.[2084,2678,447,870]" lastBlockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8F7985B4052B2FCF2" bold="true" box="[2084,2259,841,870]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Distribution.</emphasis>
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E Amazon Basin of Brazil, S of the Amazon River, from the Rio Tapajos to the Rio Tocantins in Para State.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA035B9D531CFA48" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA035B9D531CFA48" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA035B9D5CD9FC21" bold="true" box="[1471,1720,916,949]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 154-196 mm, tail 122-199 mm; weight up to 139 g. The Para Spiny Tree-rat is smaller than most Amazonian populations of Ferreira’s Spiny Tree-rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F9FD5BEB5D4AFB97" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1601,1835,994,1027]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Mesomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hispidus">Mesomys hispidus</taxonomicName>
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). It differs from the latter byits buffier and paler overall dorsal pelage and distinct venter with white patches on throat, axilla, chest, and inguinal region; otherwise, belly is fawn colored. Tail is 79-101% of head-body length,is brown along its entire length, and terminates in very short tuft. Ears are short, rounded, and black, surrounded by long hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dorsally whitish, without buffy suffusion. Skull of the Para Spiny Tree-rat is small, with smaller proportions compared with western Amazonian populations of Ferreira’s Spiny Tree-rat, from which it can be distinguished by its shorter muzzle, nasal sides mesially parallel and narrower anteriorly rather than broader, and smaller tympanic bullae. Holotype has distinct incisive foramina, with premaxillary part converging anteriorly to narrow, straight-sided point and posterior part narrowing to
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCCFFF8F86F5D6552E6FA19" box="[2003,2183,1388,1421]" form="shallow" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" rank="form">form shallow</taxonomicName>
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grooves on anterior palate. Mesopterygoid fossa is straight-sided rather than bowed outward. Chromosomal complement is identical to that of Ferreira’s Spiny Tree-rat: 2n = 60 and FN = 116.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025DEE52BAF9BE" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025DEE52BAF9BE" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025DEE5C4CF990" bold="true" box="[1470,1581,1511,1540]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Amazonian rainforest, uniformly in trees of terra firma forests at 4-10 m above the ground from sea level to elevations of ¢.250 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025E385043F9ED" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025E385043F9ED" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025E385CA7F9C6" bold="true" box="[1470,1734,1585,1618]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but the Para Spiny Tree-rat likely has omnivorous to herbivorous habits of its congeners.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025E765362F934" box="[1470,2307,1663,1696]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025E765362F934" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" box="[1470,2307,1663,1696]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025E765C25F934" bold="true" box="[1470,1604,1663,1696]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA005EAE5307F95C" box="[1468,2406,1703,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA005EAE5307F95C" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" box="[1468,2406,1703,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA005EAE5CC9F95C" bold="true" box="[1468,1704,1703,1736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025EDA5CF3F882" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025EDA5CF3F882" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025EDA52E4F964" bold="true" box="[1470,2181,1747,1776]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025F145077F821" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025F145077F821" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025F145D76F8AA" bold="true" box="[1470,1815,1821,1854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The [IUCNRed List. Widespread forest clear-cutting following spread of roads in eastern Amazonia and increased natural fires may be negatively impacting the Para Spiny Tree-rat. Additional studies on distribution, habitat, abundance, ecology, and conservation threats are needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCCFFF8FA025FCD52B4F790" pageId="33" pageNumber="585" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCCFFF8FA025FCD52B4F790" blockId="33.[1468,2675,876,2052]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCCFFF8FA025FCD5C36F849" bold="true" box="[1470,1623,1988,2013]" pageId="33" pageNumber="585">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Cabrera (1961), Emmons (1990, 1997a, 2005), Orlando et al. (2003), Patton et al. (2015), Upham et al. (2013), Voss et al. (2001), Woods (1993), Woods & Kilpatrick (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |