436 lines
59 KiB
XML
436 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="2306B259CF3A87B9000D68CDBD2557DB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182350" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd26476a-c762-414a-aff7-184254ac9d65" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182350" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459860179369" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Franz, Nico M." docDate="2008" docId="03B2C225FFA1FFE5FF526284AD0FFBD4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01782p033.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1782" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cotithene" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FF8BBA5DFFBBFFF9FFC56213A939FFBD" masterDocTitle="Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Vo s s (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="33" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698226000503" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="60FC92F66AE96179CAA9DA8430911DFB">
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<mods:title id="FBB63E86CE0BBCBB8EF143D8E6EA87CB">Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Vo s s (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1CC9B84128E22A50362AFF0BF5E5C70B">Franz, Nico M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7ED476A92252E05CCAFFD3062154D5B1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="60CAB98A53315FBF71C77AADC92C47E1">
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<mods:date id="737477A9613FA58DA4D91319CE461BAE">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1C09D38FFEC6578BE85E7B2DCA25F052" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="ED919212D6018E78B130A75893655119">1782</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="70854B4E002EC5F8AFE09C5A0DEF1326">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="04B68E31D7E943996BDE948D73A25D94">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="762F0C66B49ECE82A99F407C22E945A3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182350</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AEA1B4FFD63FE96139B860806892CA1B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B2C225FFA1FFE5FF526284AD0FFBD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231098" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119368066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231098" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2C225FFA1FFE5FF526284AD0FFBD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2C225FFA1FFE5FF526284AD0FFBD4" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFA1FFE3FF526284AA41FF0C" box="[151,888,151,177]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526284AA41FF0C" blockId="26.[151,888,151,177]" box="[151,888,151,177]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0ECC45FFFA1FFE3FF526284AA41FF0C" bold="true" box="[151,888,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FF526284AA41FF0C" bold="true" box="[151,888,151,177]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Phylogeny of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FE856284A88CFF0C" box="[320,437,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FE856284A88CFF0C" bold="true" box="[320,437,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cotithene</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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– cladogram and character analysis
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30120B8FFA1FFE5FF5262F1AD0FFBD4" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF5262F1A820FF41" blockId="26.[151,1437,226,532]" box="[151,281,226,252]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cladogram</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF006319AA75FDA9" blockId="26.[151,1437,226,532]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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The successively refined character state assignments and optimizations on the resulting cladogram are presented simultaneously in this section. Cladistic analysis of a matrix with 12 terminal taxa and 32 characters, including two non-additive multistate characters (
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<tableCitation id="C6994688FFA1FFE3FCE46349AA43FEC9" box="[801,890,346,372]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="28.[151,239,511,535]" captionText="TABLE 1. Character matrix for the cladistic analysis of the species of Cotithene, with selected outgroup taxa. The two multistate characters 7 and 22 were coded as nonadditive; " – " represents inapplicable character states (see also text)." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Table 1</tableCitation>
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), and performing an exhaustive search of the tree space produced a single most-parsimonious cladogram (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FCAF6391AAFAFE21" box="[874,963,386,412]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1181,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,1165,1840]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 14. Phylogeny of Cotithene and selected outgroup taxa, most parsimonious cladogram (L = 38, CI = 89, CI = 93). Characters 4, 13 and 15 displayed under fast (ACCTRAN) optimization, all other characters have unambiguous optimizations. Black rectangles – single, non-homoplasious character state transformations, white rectangles – multiple, homoplasious character state transformations. Numbers above and below each rectangle correspond to characters and states, respectively; numbers at left end of each branch are Bremer support values (see text for details)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182364/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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), with a length of 38 steps, consistency index (CI) of 89 and retention index (RI) of 93 (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FD3363B9AAB8FE79" author="Farris" box="[758,897,426,452]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Farris, J. S. (1989) The retention index and the rescaled consistency index. Cladistics, 5, 417 - 419." type="journal article" year="1989">Farris 1989</bibRefCitation>
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). Three characters (4, 13 and 15) had multiple parsimonious optimizations, and in each case the fast (ACCTRAN) optimization was preferred, thereby preserving the original homology assessment (de
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FD7363E9AA06FDA9" author="Pinna" box="[694,831,506,532]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="de Pinna, M. C. C. (1991) Concepts and tests of homology in the cladistic paradigm. Cladistics, 7, 367 - 394." type="journal article" year="1991">Pinna 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526059A89FFD31" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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1. Size: (0) Small, length
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||
; (1) larger, length
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<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA1FFE3FCFD6059AAF3FDD9" box="[824,970,586,612]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.4">4.4–6.1 mm</quantity>
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). Synapomorphy for the
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FB2C6059A860FD36" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphismelanoptera</emphasis>
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clade.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526089AD0BFCB9" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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2. Maxilla, galeo-lacinial complex, apical region: (0) lacinia projecting along entire length of palpomere I; (1) lacinia apically truncate, projecting slightly beyond base of palpomere I (
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FB8960D1ADACFD61" box="[1100,1173,706,732]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1031,1055]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,205,1006]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1007]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Mouthparts of Cotithene globulicollis. A, left mandible; B, right maxilla; C, labium. Scale bars 0.1 mm. For further detail see also Franz (2006)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182354/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B). Synapomorphy for the
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FF3560F9A8C7FCBE" box="[240,510,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cyclanthura-Cotithene</emphasis>
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clade, corresponding to char.
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||
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FC5760F9AD16FCB9" author="Franz" box="[914,1071,746,772]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526101ACA5FCE9" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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3. Labium, palpomere II, apical region: (0) apicolateral projection absent; (1) apicolateral projection present (
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||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FF086129A82DFCE9" box="[205,276,826,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1031,1055]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,205,1006]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1007]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Mouthparts of Cotithene globulicollis. A, left mandible; B, right maxilla; C, labium. Scale bars 0.1 mm. For further detail see also Franz (2006)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182354/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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C). Synapomorphy for the
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||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FD886129AA62FCEE" box="[589,859,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cyclanthura-Cotithene</emphasis>
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clade, corresponding to char.
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||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA1FFE3FB7F6129ADCFFCE9" box="[1210,1270,826,852]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0922" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="43.0">43 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FB386129ACA0FCE9" author="Franz" box="[1277,1433,826,852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526171AA12FC71" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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||
4. Rostrum, dorsal view, basal region, male: (0) indistinct, subplane; (1) slightly impressed along basal 1/5. Fast optimization preferred (see above); synapomorphy for the
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FC7E6199ADD5FC1E" box="[955,1260,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">globulicollis-melanoptera</emphasis>
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clade, with an apparent reversal in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FE7661A1AB53FC76" box="[435,618,946,971]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anaphalanta">
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FE7661A1AB53FC76" box="[435,618,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. anaphalanta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ci = 50, ri = 0).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF5261C9AAE8FBA1" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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||
5. Rostrum, dorsal view, apical region, male: (0) indistinct, subplane; (1) with 2 apicolateral tubercles. Synapomorphy for
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<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FEAB6611A8E2FBA6" box="[366,475,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FEAB6611A8EFFBA6" box="[366,470,1026,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Terioltes</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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corresponding to char.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FCF46611AAF7FBA1" author="Franz" box="[817,974,1026,1052]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526639ADF9FBD1" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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6. Rostrum, lateral view, male: (0) width similar throughout; (1) variously expanded near apex to basal 2/5 (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FECD6641A86EFBD1" box="[264,343,1106,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[287,1308,210,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[284,1308,194,1954]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rostrum and head of Cotithene males, lateral view. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182355/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
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A, 8A). Synapomorphy for the
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||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FD036640AA9EFBD1" box="[710,935,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Terioltes-Cotithene</emphasis>
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clade (see also char. 7).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526669AC2FFAB1" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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7. Rostral expansion, lateral view, male: (0) apical to subapical; (1) near basal 2/5 of rostrum (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FAF56669AC4CFB29" box="[1328,1397,1146,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[287,1308,210,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[284,1308,194,1954]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rostrum and head of Cotithene males, lateral view. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182355/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A); (2) near apical 2/5 of rostrum (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FDB566B1AB8CFB01" box="[624,693,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,207,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[290,1298,194,1885]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Rostrum and head of Cotithene globulicollis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182358/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A). Inapplicable in taxa that lack a rostral expansion (see char. 6). Coded as nonadditive; synapomorphy for
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FD1D66D8AA73FB59" box="[728,842,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FD1D66D8AA73FB59" box="[728,842,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cotithene</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(state 1), with an apparent subsequent transformation in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FE8666E0ABB3FAB1" box="[323,650,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade (state 2). Refinement of char.
|
||
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FBB366E1AC2BFAB1" author="Franz" box="[1142,1298,1266,1292]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526709AB8DFAE1" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
8. Rostrum, dorsolateral margins, male: (0) indistinct, convex; (1) carinate. Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FAE66708ACA5FA89" box="[1315,1436,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FAE66708ACA1FA89" box="[1315,1432,1307,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
corresponding to char.
|
||
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA1FFE3FDD16751AB89FAE1" author="Franz" box="[532,688,1346,1372]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526779ADECFA69" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
9. Rostrum, lateral view, female: (0) slightly shorter to slightly longer than pronotum, r/p = 0.8–1.3, fairly broad to fairly narrow, slightly arcuate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FD5E6781ABD4FA11" box="[667,749,1426,1452]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1116,1140]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1093]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,376,1093]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, male, dorsal view; B, male, lateral view; C, female, dorsal view; D, female, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182352/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 8B); (1) distinctly longer than pronotum, r/p = 1.7–2.1, very narrow, arcuate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FE0167A9AB2EFA69" box="[452,535,1466,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[287,1296,215,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[284,1299,194,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rostrum and head of Cotithene leptorhamphis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182356/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 7B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FC4467A8ADB1FA69" box="[897,1160,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF5267F1AB7DF999" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
10. Antenna, scape: (0) reaching anterior margin of eye; (1) reaching subbase of rostrum. Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FF356418A8CEF999" box="[240,503,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526421ACB3F9C9" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
11. Rostrum-head transition, lateral view, female: (0) contiguous, evenly convex in profile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FB0F6421AC22F9F1" box="[1226,1307,1586,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1116,1140]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1093]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,376,1093]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, male, dorsal view; B, male, lateral view; C, female, dorsal view; D, female, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182352/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 8B); (1) slightly angulate, concave in profile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FDBC6449ABF2F9C9" box="[633,715,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[287,1296,215,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[284,1299,194,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rostrum and head of Cotithene leptorhamphis, lateral view. A, male; B, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182356/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 7B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FBF36448AC04F9C9" box="[1078,1341,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526491AB2DF951" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
12. Head, dorsal region, lateral view, male: (0) evenly slightly convex between eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FB546491ADE0F921" box="[1169,1241,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[287,1308,210,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[284,1308,194,1954]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rostrum and head of Cotithene males, lateral view. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182355/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A); (1) elevated, convex, variously shaped and sculptured between eyes (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FC5964B9AAD4F979" box="[924,1005,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[198,1434,265,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,256,1380]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation of rostrum and head in males of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, small male, lateral view; B, intermediate-sized male, lateral view; C, large male, lateral view; D, large male, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182353/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 8A). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FAA164B8A8F1F951" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stratiotricha-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF5264E9AA6AF831" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
13. Head, dorsal region, male: (0) posteriorly slightly, evenly convex; (1) posteromedially with small (large in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FF006530A8BFF881" box="[197,390,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA1FFE3FF006530A847F881" box="[197,382,1827,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stratiotricha">C. stratiotricha</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA1FFE3FE786531AB3AF881" box="[445,515,1826,1852]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[198,1434,265,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,256,1380]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation of rostrum and head in males of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, small male, lateral view; B, intermediate-sized male, lateral view; C, large male, lateral view; D, large male, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182353/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), slightly elevated, triangular, anteriorly directed projection. Fast optimization preferred (see above); synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FCCC6558AD00F8D9" box="[777,1081,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">stratiotricha-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade, with an apparent reversal in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FEF36560AB04F831" box="[310,573,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade (ci = 50, ri = 66).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA1FFE3FF526589AC2EF861" blockId="26.[151,1437,586,2012]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
14. Head, anterodorsal region (frons), sculpture, male: (0) slightly convex; (1) rugulose to rugose, with several dense, very small, convex elevations. Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA1FFE3FC0665D0ADF3F861" box="[963,1226,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52628BAB87FE97" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
15. Head, dorsal region (frons), male: (0) with sparse, short, appressed, recurvate vestiture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FB0E628BAC28FF0F" box="[1227,1297,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[287,1308,210,1953]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[284,1308,194,1954]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rostrum and head of Cotithene males, lateral view. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182355/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A); (1) with sparse to dense, longer, suberect to recurvate setae (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FCA862D3AA87FF67" box="[877,958,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[198,1434,265,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,256,1380]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation of rostrum and head in males of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, small male, lateral view; B, intermediate-sized male, lateral view; C, large male, lateral view; D, large male, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182353/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 8A). Fast optimization preferred (see above); synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FD8062FBAA4CFEBC" box="[581,885,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">stratiotricha-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade, with an apparent reversal in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FAAB62FBA891FE94" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade (ci = 50, ri = 66).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52632BADAEFEC7" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
16. Head, ventral region (gena), male: (0) indistinct, glabrate and evenly convex; (1) with two large, transverse sulci. Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FDF16373AB98FEC4" box="[564,673,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FDF16373ABA5FEC4" box="[564,668,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Terioltes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
corresponding to char.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA0FFE2FC716373AAC9FEC7" box="[948,1008,352,378]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7271999999999998" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="68.0">68 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA0FFE2FC326373ADAAFEC7" author="Franz" box="[1015,1171,352,378]" pageId="27" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52639BA8F3FE4C" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
17. Head, ventral region (gula), male: (0) in profile evenly convex; (1) in profile distinctly angulate, with transverse line separating anterior and posterior half, each region subplane (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FB4263A3ADE1FE77" box="[1159,1240,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[198,1434,265,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,256,1380]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation of rostrum and head in males of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, small male, lateral view; B, intermediate-sized male, lateral view; C, large male, lateral view; D, large male, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182353/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 5A). Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FE9463CBA8F3FE4C" box="[337,458,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FE9463CBA8FEFE4C" box="[337,455,472,497]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF526013AB19FD2F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
18. Prothorax, shape, dorsal view, male: (0) similar in size or slightly larger than in female and of similar proportions; (1) variously expanded, convex to globular (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FCB0603BAAF8FDFF" box="[885,961,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 1B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FAF7603BA850FDD4" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ganglionus-Cotithene</emphasis>
|
||
clade (see also char. 19). Reinterpretation of char.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA0FFE2FC0F6043AD31FDD7" box="[970,1032,592,618]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="72.0">72 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA0FFE2FBD56043AD93FDD7" author="Franz" box="[1040,1194,592,618]" pageId="27" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to now also include
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FF00606BA877FD2C" box="[197,334,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ganglionus</emphasis>
|
||
Franz & O'Brien.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF5260B3AB1EFC8F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
19. Pronotum, dorsolateral view, male: (0) slightly expanded, convex, (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FBD160B3AD65FD07" box="[1044,1116,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A), dorsolaterally slightly angled; (1) strongly expanded, convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FD5B60DBABDAFD5F" box="[670,739,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1398,1422]" captionTargetBox="[329,1313,455,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1314,419,1372]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Cotithene, males. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. globulicollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182351/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B), dorsolaterally rounded. Inapplicable in taxa that lack a pronotal expansion (see char. 18). Convergently present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FC5860E3AD39FCB4" box="[925,1024,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FC5860E3AD39FCB4" box="[925,1024,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Terioltes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FB5D60E3A828FC8C" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">leptorhamphis-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade (ci = 50, ri = 50).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF526153AD19FC3C" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
20. Prosternum, anterior margin, male: (0) with short, indistinct setation; (1) with row of dense, long, aurate setae directed anteriad (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FDD1617BAB5AFC3F" box="[532,611,872,898]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[198,1434,265,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,256,1380]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variation of rostrum and head in males of Cotithene stratiotricha. A, small male, lateral view; B, intermediate-sized male, lateral view; C, large male, lateral view; D, large male, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182353/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 5A). Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FC62617BAD19FC3C" box="[935,1056,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FC62617BAD25FC3C" box="[935,1052,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF526183ACACFC6F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
21. Prosternum, anterior region, male: (0) indistinct, slightly convex to slightly concave; (1) with small, obtuse elevation in front of each procoxal cavity. Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FBDD61ABAC71FC6C" box="[1048,1352,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">globulicollis-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF5261F3A89EFBCF" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
22. Procoxal cavities, female: (0) contiguous; (1) subcontiguous, separated by narrow septum; (2) separated by about width of antennal club. Coded as nonadditive; synapomorphy for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FB96661BADFCFB9C" box="[1107,1221,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FB96661BADFCFB9C" box="[1107,1221,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cotithene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(state 1), with an apparent subsequent transformation in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FD706623AAC5FBF4" box="[693,1020,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">leptorhamphis-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade (state 2). Refinement of char.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA0FFE2FF00664BA839FBCF" box="[197,256,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0574" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="81.0">81 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA0FFE2FECD664BA89DFBCF" author="Franz" box="[264,420,1112,1138]" pageId="27" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF526693AD7BFB7F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
23. Elytra, color: (0) variously light to dark-reddish brown; (1) uniformly dark-reddish brown to black, other parts nearly orange. Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FD0666BBAACCFB7C" box="[707,1013,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">anaphalanta-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF5266C3AC0BFAAF" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
24. Pygidium, orientation, lateral view, male: (0) subparallel to anterior tergites; (1) perpendicular to venter. Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FE1166EBABDBFAAC" box="[468,738,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cyclanthura-Cotithene</emphasis>
|
||
clade, corresponding to char.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA0FFE2FB8766EBADB2FAAF" box="[1090,1163,1272,1298]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9463999999999997" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="116.0">116 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA0FFE2FB5766EBAC17FAAF" author="Franz" box="[1170,1326,1272,1298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF526733A833FA37" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
25. Aedeagus, dorsal view: (0) apically gradually, evenly narrowed (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FBC76733AD6DFA87" box="[1026,1108,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 9B); (1) constricted near apical third, thereafter slightly expanded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FD76675BAA2DFADF" box="[691,788,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,208,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1919]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac; synapomorphic character states 31 (1) labelled. A, C. leptorhamphis; B, C. trigaea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182360/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 10B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FB50675BACA5FADC" box="[1173,1436,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52678BAB97FA64" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
26. Aedeagus, lateral view: (0) variously deflexed; (1) sinuate, basal 3/5 slightly deflexed, thereafter reflexed, very narrow. Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FD8167D3AB97FA64" box="[580,686,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FD8167D3AB9FFA64" box="[580,678,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Terioltes</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF5267FBAD80F994" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
27. Aedeagus, shape, subapical region, lateral view: (0) dorsal margins simple; (1) dorsal margins with separate inner rami, expanded, convex (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FD586403ABD4F997" box="[669,749,1552,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 10A). Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FB856403AD80F994" box="[1088,1209,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FB856403AD8CF994" box="[1088,1205,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52642BABF3F91F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
28. Aedeagus, shape, apical region, lateral view: (0) dorsal and ventral margins variously slightly to distinctly arcuate (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FEA36473A880F9C7" box="[358,441,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 10B); (1) dorsal and ventral margins straight (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FBFE6473ADA2F9C7" box="[1083,1179,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,208,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1896]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac; synapomorphic character states 32 (1) labelled. A, C. anaphalanta; B, C. melanoptera." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182362/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FE89649BAB45F91C" box="[332,636,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">globulicollis-melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF5264A3AAB1F8A7" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
29. Aedeagus, internal sac, subapical region, dorsal view: (0) without paired sclerites; (1) with pair of variously shaped, elongate, subparallel sclerites (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FCF264CBAAB7F94F" box="[823,910,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 10A). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FAE964CBA80EF8A4" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Terioltes-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FF006513A80EF8A4" box="[197,311,1792,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clade, corresponding to char.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DED6FFA0FFE2FD526513ABD8F8A7" box="[663,737,1792,1818]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6576" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="144.0">144 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0EC2FFA0FFE2FD2D6513AABCF8A7" author="Franz" box="[744,901,1792,1818]" pageId="27" pageNumber="32" refString="Franz, N. M. (2006) Towards a phylogenetic system of derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Systematic Entomology, 31, 220 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">Franz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA0FFE2FF52653BADDDF85F" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
30. Shape of aedeagal sclerites, dorsal view: (0) elongate, slightly overlapping, margins irregular-sinuate, orientation horizontal; (1) triangular, apically variously modified, subparallel to apically slightly converging, orientation vertical (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FE36656BAB7CF82F" box="[499,581,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12A). Inapplicable in taxa that lack aedeagal sclerites (see char. 29). Synapomorphy for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA0FFE2FE6A65B3ABD6F804" box="[431,751,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FE6A65B3AB1AF804" box="[431,547,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA0FFE2FDF365B3ABD6F804" box="[566,751,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stratiotricha">C. stratiotricha</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA0FFE2FCC765B3AA72F807" box="[770,843,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B) presents several unique modifications that are presumed, in light of the overall tree structure, to have derived from the apomorphic state.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF52628BAAA4FEBF" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
31. Shape of aedeagal sclerites, lateral view: (0) apically narrowed, simple (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA7FFE5FBA1628BAD8FFF0F" box="[1124,1206,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 11); (1) apically expanded, with undulate margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA7FFE5FDA562D3ABFBFF67" box="[608,706,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,208,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1919]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac; synapomorphic character states 31 (1) labelled. A, C. leptorhamphis; B, C. trigaea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182360/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 10B). Inapplicable in taxa that lack aedeagal sclerites (see char. 29). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FD8C62FBAA69FEBC" box="[585,848,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">leptorhamphis-trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF526303A89FFE77" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,458]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
32. Aedeagus, internal sac, ventral view: (0) ventral region of internal sac membranous, denticulate, otherwise indistinct (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA7FFE5FE72632BAB3EFEEF" box="[439,519,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,208,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1441,194,1916]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac. A, C. dicranopygia; B, C. stratiotricha." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182359/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 11); (1) ventral region of internal sac with complex, partly membranous and party sclerotized, irregularly subquadrate to annulate structure, dorsally with elongate, retorted membranous connection to apical region of paired sclerites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206FB6FFA7FFE5FCE0639BAABCFE1F" box="[805,901,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[161,1436,208,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1896]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Genital structures of Cotithene species, from left to right: aedeagus, ventral view; aedeagus, lateral view; posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; spermatheca, lateral view; shaded areas depicting structures of the internal sac; synapomorphic character states 32 (1) labelled. A, C. anaphalanta; B, C. melanoptera." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182362/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12B). Synapomorphy for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FB3B639BA860FE74" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">anaphalantamelanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6423BBFFA7FFE5FF5263ECAC49FD84" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF5263ECAC49FD84" blockId="28.[151,1436,511,569]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5263ECA833FDAA" bold="true" box="[151,266,511,535]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Character matrix for the cladistic analysis of the species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FC506013AD3AFDAA" box="[917,1027,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FC506013AAC6FDAA" box="[917,1023,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cotithene</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with selected outgroup taxa. The two multistate characters 7 and 22 were coded as nonadditive; "–" represents inapplicable character states (see also text).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF52607EAD27FD39" blockId="28.[151,1054,621,644]" box="[151,1054,621,644]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Taxon/character
|
||
<date id="FFA555F3FFA7FFE5FD66607EAA7AFD39" box="[675,835,621,644]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1915-10-05">5 10 15</date>
|
||
20 25 30
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF5260A1AD04FCE9" blockId="28.[151,1088,690,852]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF5260A1A864FD74" box="[151,349,690,713]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Notolomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5260A1A864FD74" box="[151,349,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Notolomus basalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 0 0 0 0 0–000 0 0 0 0 0 000–0 0 0 0 0 0 0000– –0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF5260C6A84DFD51" box="[151,372,725,748]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyclanthura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5260C6A84DFD51" box="[151,372,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cyclanthura laticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 1100 0–000 0 0 0 0 0 000–0 0 0 0 10 0000– –0
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5260EBA8BAFCB2" box="[151,387,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ganglionus undulatus</emphasis>
|
||
0 1100 0–000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 10 0000– –0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF526109A844FC8C" box="[151,381,794,817]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumdatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF526109A844FC8C" box="[151,381,794,817]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Terioltes circumdatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 1101 10000 0 0 0 0 0 10110 0 0 0 10 10010 0 0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF52612EA84AFCE9" box="[151,371,829,852]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Terioltes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF52612EA84AFCE9" box="[151,371,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Terioltes nigripennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 1101 10000 0 0 0 0 0 10110 0 0 0 10 10010 0 0
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA47333FFA7FFE5FF526191AD0FFBD4" blockId="28.[151,1082,898,1129]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF526191A8B5FC24" box="[151,396,898,921]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anaphalanta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF526191A8B5FC24" box="[151,396,898,921]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene anaphalanta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
11100 12100 0 1101 0 1111 12110 0 1111 0 1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF5261B6A8AAFC01" box="[151,403,933,956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicranopygia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5261B6A8AAFC01" box="[151,403,933,956]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene dicranopygia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 1100 11100 0 0 0 0 0 0 1101 0 1010 0 1011 0 0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF5261DBA8B3FC62" box="[151,394,968,991]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5261DBA8B3FC62" box="[151,394,968,991]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene globulicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
11110 12100 0 1101 0 1111 12010 0 1111 0 0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF5261F9A8A7FBBC" box="[151,414,1002,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptorhamphis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF5261F9A8A7FBBC" box="[151,414,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene leptorhamphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
11100 12111 11010 0 1111 0 2011 0 1011 10
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF52661EA8B5FB99" box="[151,396,1037,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF52661EA8B5FB99" box="[151,396,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene melanoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
11110 12100 0 1101 0 1111 12110 0 1111 0 1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF526623A8B3FBFA" box="[151,394,1072,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stratiotricha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF526623A8B3FBFA" box="[151,394,1072,1095]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene stratiotricha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0 1100 11100 0 1101 0 1101 0 1010 0 1011 0 0
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B08B0FFA7FFE5FF526641A86BFBD4" box="[151,338,1106,1129]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cotithene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAF21FFA7FFE5FF526641A86BFBD4" box="[151,338,1106,1129]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cotithene trigaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
11100 12111 11010 0 1111 0 2011 0 1011 10
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |