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<document id="F053E818131A43840B778A2ABE4C2CE6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.227.2.6" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13632841" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725318565333" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Devecchi, Marcelo Fernando &amp; Pirani, José Rubens" docDate="2015" docId="03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.227.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 227 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.2.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Simaba tocantina Devecchi &amp; Pirani 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="171" masterDocId="FF90FFAEA54FFF94FFEBFFF5545EC667" masterDocTitle="A new species of Simaba sect. Grandiflorae (Simaroubaceae) from Jalapão region, Tocantins, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="174" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1725318932278" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="293E2FD75E39AB897C1CFD4A381C81A1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2FC95253E47799B1D45B8BE86BB03723">
<mods:title id="F6496D04229CD9606CEA0B4BFE0FEABE">A new species of Simaba sect. Grandiflorae (Simaroubaceae) from Jalapão region, Tocantins, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="AB9C26C2161797670812239FD910EE4A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="885A6AF29D11722A9F8710253705B257">
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<mods:namePart id="9D69D933FB0F9EE739CE50057DC9A299">Devecchi, Marcelo Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F8C15800AAA782C7AC3EFDC082E334BF">Pirani, José Rubens</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="51104A679347396888828B3D9DF55BE5">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2677E364A564E98588DF6BC163462E6D">
<mods:date id="303D07EB146F44453808E66C852E3F9B">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="94637C13E25A8EEB6FFFC87F01100EE2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="737FC5530928109FD9862B784250D860">2015-09-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="103739DAD3F7D9D49CD686FB85004436">227</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1AE46131750BBAA5D12E2842AF3127B9" type="Zenodo-Dep">13632841</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13632845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="C31A654BA54EFF95FF63FA415751C3A8" box="[136,783,1460,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54EFF95FF63FA415751C3A8" blockId="1.[136,783,1460,1487]" box="[136,783,1460,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="D0F781ACA54EFF95FF63FA415751C3A8" box="[136,783,1460,1487]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54EFF95FF63FA415670C3A8" ID-CoL="6Z22Z" authority="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,558,1460,1487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FF63FA41550DC3A9" bold="true" box="[136,339,1460,1487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
Devecchi &amp; Pirani
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FDD3FA4356D3C3A8" box="[568,653,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757A9A54EFF95FDD3FA4356D3C3A8" box="[568,653,1462,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A45A54EFF95FD77FA4356B7C3A8" box="[668,745,1462,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1599,1620]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,191,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[202,1386,190,1574]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Simaba tocantina. A. Habit, on top right a detail of a portion of the inflorescence rachis showing glandular trichomes. B. Sterile individual. C. Pinnate leaves with ascending leaflets and petioles covered by sand. D. Distal part of the inflorescence main axis, with floral buds and flowers at anthesis. E. Habitat of the new species, an open campo-cerrrado at Jalapão State Park, Tocantins, Brazil. Pictures A and D by Guilheme Antar; B, C and E by the first author." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632843/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133B2A45A54EFF95FD1CFA435758C3A8" box="[759,774,1462,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[237,1371,366,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-99@3.[215,1371,351,1853]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Simaba tocantina. A. Habit with a subterranean steam and the leaves crowded at the apex. Note the leaflet midvein prominent and the secondary veins slightly sulcate. B. Flower. The filament appendage of the stamens forming a pseudo-tube by the intertwining of trichomes. C. Stamen with filament appendage and dorsifixed anther. D. Gynoecium with a long, subterete gynophore and an elongated style. E. Transverse section of the gynoecium showing five carpels free from each other. F. Fruit, a drupaceous mericarp (drupelet), subtended by an intumesced glandular bract (an extrafloral nectary). G. Leaflet apex with an apical nectary. H. Detail of a glandular bract subtending a flower, with a small cavity in the upper side. (A–H. Antar 528). Drawings by Marcelo Kubo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632847/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A654BA54EFF95FF63FA035495C02A" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54EFF95FF63FA035495C02A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1526,1613]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FF63FA0354A1C06A" bold="true" box="[136,255,1526,1549]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FEF6FA03558EC06A" box="[285,464,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54EFF95FEF6FA035593C06A" authorityName="Engler" authorityYear="1874" box="[285,461,1526,1549]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salubris">Simaba salubris</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
cui affinis, foliorum rachi laevi (striata), inflorescentia laevis (striata) ramis lateralibus elongatis (brevibus) provisa, floribus
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FE1FF9E35633C04A" box="[500,621,1558,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="cm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.5 cm</quantity>
longis (
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FD2CF9E35718C04A" box="[711,838,1558,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="cm" value="3.3" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.5 cm</quantity>
), gynophoro 2,4–
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FBEDF9E35007C04A" box="[1030,1113,1558,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
longo (
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FB44F9E3517EC04A" box="[1199,1312,1558,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2 mm</quantity>
) otpime distincta.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A654BA54EFF90FF63F975557DC7F6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54EFF95FF63F9755171C0DE" blockId="1.[136,1451,1664,1721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FF63F975549CC0F2" bold="true" box="[136,194,1664,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F3177650A54EFF95FF30F975556AC0F2" box="[219,308,1664,1685]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
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<collectingRegion id="49C4F822A54EFF95FED7F97555C0C0F3" box="[316,414,1664,1685]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">TOCANTINS</collectingRegion>
</smallCapsWord>
: Mateiros, Parque Estadual do Jalapão, Estrada para Boa Esperança, arredores do Morro do Porco,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FAB2F97551FBC0F2" box="[1369,1445,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">cerrado</emphasis>
, campo sujo,
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54EFF95FEDCF95155F5C0DE" box="[311,427,1700,1721]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-10.331944">10°19’55”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54EFF95FE5EF951566EC0DE" box="[437,560,1700,1721]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-46.625275">46°37’31”W</geoCoordinate>
, fl. fr.,
<date id="FFBE1000A54EFF95FD9EF951576CC0DE" box="[629,818,1700,1721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" value="2014-09-20">20 September 2014</date>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FCD7F9515057C0DE" box="[828,1033,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">G.M. Antar et al. 528</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54BB8862A54EFF95FBFDF9515032C0DE" box="[1046,1132,1700,1721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
SPF!,
<typeStatus id="54BB8862A54EFF95FB46F95150ACC0DE" box="[1197,1266,1700,1721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
RB!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54EFF97FF63F91F5094C72E" blockId="1.[136,1452,1770,2083]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,160,329]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FF63F91F5480C164" bold="true" box="[136,222,1770,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Shrubs</emphasis>
,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FF07F91F5502C164" box="[236,348,1770,1795]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="0.55" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.8 m</quantity>
tall, with a thickened underground system; aerial branches 1–3, glabrous or finely pubescent; bark glossy, breaking into irregular plates.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54EFF95FDD7F8FB56D0C140" bold="true" box="[572,654,1806,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="168">Leaves</emphasis>
imparipinnate or sometimes paripinnate, clustered near apex; petiole cylindrical, 4.3–8.2(–10.5) cm long, puberulent to pubescent, intumesced at base; rachis cylindrical
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FB11F8C75134C12C" box="[1274,1386,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="cm" value="18.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="12.0">12–25 cm</quantity>
long, smooth, pubescent along the adaxial surface, with short, hooked trichomes; petiolules
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FBBAF8A350F0C108" box="[1105,1198,1878,1903]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
long, intumescent and wrinkled; leaflets (13–)15–17(–21), opposite or subopposite; lamina of the terminal and lateral-distal leaflets 4.5–7.3 ×
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54EFF95FF75F86B5543C1D0" box="[158,285,1950,1975]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="168" unit="cm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.4 cm</quantity>
, obovate to elliptic-obovate in the terminal leaflet, oblong-obovate to narrowly elliptic in the lateral ones, apex acute, base cuneate, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, margin not revolute, discolor, adaxial surface dark green and glossy, abaxial surface light green and dull, glabrous except along the midvein in the upper side, with short, hooked trichomes; venation brochidodromous; midvein prominent on the abaxial surface, slightly to sharply sulcate on the adaxial surface, secondary and tertiary veins prominulous or slightly sulcate on both sides; superficial glands laminar present at the basal half of the lamina on abaxial surface, sometimes also on adaxial surface, apical gland generally present at the apex, not conspicuously developed.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54DFF96FD39F8CD572EC136" bold="true" box="[722,880,1848,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Inflorescence</emphasis>
a terminal thyrse, the main axis
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FB1DF8CD5136C136" box="[1270,1384,1848,1873]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="52.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="45.0">45–60 cm</quantity>
long, lateral axes poorly developed, up to
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FDDCF8A956DEC112" box="[567,640,1884,1909]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
long, puberulent, provided with scattered glandular trichomes; bracts 1.5–2.5 ×
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FF16F87555D9C1FE" box="[253,391,1920,1945]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.6 mm</quantity>
, spathulate to spheroid, reddish-green, puberulent, intumesced with a small hole in the upper side.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54DFF96FF2EF851557AC1DA" bold="true" box="[197,292,1956,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Flowers</emphasis>
: pedicel
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FE64F8515646C1DA" box="[399,536,1956,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.2 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent, with glandular trichomes; calyx green turning reddish towards the apex, externally pubescent, internally glabrous, length ratio between tube and lobes 1:1, sepals 5, apex obtuse or acute; petals 5, slightly imbricate, cream to greenish, 21–25 ×
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FC84F81957A7CE62" box="[879,1017,2028,2053]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="3.7" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.5">3.5–3.9 mm</quantity>
, oblanceolate, apex rounded, glabrous internally, puberulent externally; stamens 10; filaments
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54DFF96FD1AF7E55737CE4E" box="[753,873,2064,2089]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20 mm</quantity>
long, flattened, provided with an adaxial appendage
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FF63FF55555AC6DE" box="[136,260,160,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="16.0">16–17 mm</quantity>
long, villous at apex and margins, forming a pseudo-tube by the intertwining of trichomes, the adnate portion length of the appendages relative to the free portion 6:1; anthers dorsifixed, ca.
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FBB4FF3150E8C6BA" box="[1119,1206,196,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
long, white to cream; gynophore subterete, slightly sulcate,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FDD8FF1D56E4C766" box="[563,698,232,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.9 mm</quantity>
long, puberulent; ovary ca.
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FC13FF1D5067C766" box="[1016,1081,232,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, tomentose; style subterete,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FF63FEF9555AC742" box="[136,260,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
long, bristly near the base; stigma slightly 5-lobed.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54CFF97FC8DFEF957F1C742" bold="true" box="[870,943,268,293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Fruits</emphasis>
with 1–2 drupaceous mericarps (drupelets), immature 14–17 ×
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54CFF97FEB5FEC55586C72E" box="[350,472,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
, widely elliptic to obovate, greenish, pubescent, with a single seed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7F6648A54DFF96FF63F9CA574BC0A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13632843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632843/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" startId="2.[136,229,1599,1620]" targetBox="[202,1386,191,1574]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54DFF96FF63F9CA574BC0A7" blockId="2.[136,1453,1599,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54DFF96FF63F9CA555EC033" bold="true" box="[136,256,1599,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54DFF96FEECF9CA55EFC033" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[263,433,1599,1620]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54DFF96FEECF9CA55EFC033" box="[263,433,1599,1620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit, on top right a detail of a portion of the inflorescence rachis showing glandular trichomes. B. Sterile individual. C. Pinnate leaves with ascending leaflets and petioles covered by sand. D. Distal part of the inflorescence main axis, with floral buds and flowers at anthesis. E. Habitat of the new species, an open
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54DFF96FC62F9725078C0FB" box="[905,1062,1671,1692]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">campo-cerrrado</emphasis>
at Jalapão State Park, Tocantins, Brazil. Pictures A and D by Guilheme Antar; B, C and E by the first author.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7F6648A54CFF97FF63F8A650DACE7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632847" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13632847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632847/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" startId="3.[136,229,1875,1896]" targetBox="[237,1371,366,1825]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54CFF97FF63F8A650DACE7B" blockId="3.[136,1452,1875,2076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54CFF97FF63F8A654A3C10F" bold="true" box="[136,253,1875,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54CFF97FEE9F8A655F4C10F" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[258,426,1875,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54CFF97FEE9F8A655F4C10F" box="[258,426,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit with a subterranean steam and the leaves crowded at the apex. Note the leaflet midvein prominent and the secondary veins slightly sulcate. B. Flower. The filament appendage of the stamens forming a pseudo-tube by the intertwining of trichomes. C. Stamen with filament appendage and dorsifixed anther. D. Gynoecium with a long, subterete gynophore and an elongated style. E. Transverse section of the gynoecium showing five carpels free from each other. F. Fruit, a drupaceous mericarp (drupelet), subtended by an intumesced glandular bract (an extrafloral nectary). G. Leaflet apex with an apical nectary. H. Detail of a glandular bract subtending a flower, with a small cavity in the upper side. (A–H.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54CFF97FD17F7F25702CE7B" box="[764,860,2055,2076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Antar 528</emphasis>
). Drawings by Marcelo Kubo.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF56FF5557B2C72E" blockId="4.[136,1454,160,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<materialsCitation id="3B683C9DA54BFF90FF56FF555581C766" collectingDate="2002-06-18" collectionCode="CEN" collectorName="T. B. Cavalcanti" country="Brazil" county="Mateiros" elevation="420" latitude="-10.331944" location="Boa Esperanca" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.625275" municipality="Parque Estadual do Jalapao" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Tocantins">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56FF555685C6DE" bold="true" box="[189,731,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<typeStatus id="54BB8862A54BFF90FF56FF555660C6DE" box="[189,574,160,185]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="54BB8862A54BFF90FDBAFF555690C6DE" box="[593,718,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F3177650A54BFF90FD13FF55573EC6DE" box="[760,864,160,185]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
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<collectingRegion id="49C4F822A54BFF90FC86FF555781C6D1" box="[877,991,160,185]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">TOCANTINS</collectingRegion>
</smallCapsWord>
:
<collectingCounty id="62DE4E4CA54BFF90FC19FF555006C6DE" box="[1010,1112,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Mateiros</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDBACBAA54BFF90FB8CFF5551F9C6DE" box="[1127,1447,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Parque Estadual do Jalapão</collectingMunicipality>
, estrada para
<location id="8EDF601BA54BFF90FEF1FF315598C6BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A:8EDF601BA54BFF90FEF1FF315598C6BA" box="[282,454,196,221]" country="Brazil" county="Mateiros" latitude="-10.331944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.625275" municipality="Parque Estadual do Jalapao" name="Boa Esperanca" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" stateProvince="Tocantins">Boa Esperança</location>
,
<location id="8EDF601BA54BFF90FE3FFF3156D6C6BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A:8EDF601BA54BFF90FE3FFF3156D6C6BA" box="[468,648,196,221]" country="Brazil" county="Mateiros" latitude="-10.331944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.625275" municipality="Parque Estadual do Jalapao" name="Brejo do Guara" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" stateProvince="Tocantins">Brejo do Guará</location>
, campo sujo,
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54BFF90FCC3FF3157F3C6BA" box="[808,941,196,221]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-10.331944">10°19’55”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54BFF90FC5DFF31501BC6BA" box="[950,1093,196,221]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-46.625275">46°37’31”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54BFF90FBB8FF3150C0C6BA" box="[1107,1182,196,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="420.0">
<elevation id="002DD1F3A54BFF90FBB8FF3150C0C6BA" box="[1107,1182,196,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="420.0">420 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, fl.,
<date id="FFBE1000A54BFF90FB3EFF31512FC6BA" box="[1237,1393,196,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2002-06-18">
<collectingDate id="EFFAE9E8A54BFF90FB3EFF31512FC6BA" box="[1237,1393,196,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2002-06-18">18 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FA94FF3155DEC766" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<collectorName id="26F55316A54BFF90FA94FF31555DC766" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">T.B. Cavalcanti</collectorName>
et al. 2928
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED11AE05A54BFF90FE7BFF1D558CC766" box="[400,466,232,257]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15624" name="EMBRAPA Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia - CENARGEN" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="Herbarium">CEN</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B683C9DA54BFF90FE01FF1D55DEC742" collectingDate="2014-03-25" collectionCode="NY" collectorName="M. F. Devecchi" country="Brazil" elevation="468" latitude="-10.345278" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.62611" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tocantins">
ibidem,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54BFF90FD3AFF1D573EC766" box="[721,864,232,257]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-46.62611">46°37’34”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54BFF90FC80FF1D57EAC766" box="[875,948,232,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.68" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="468.0">
<elevation id="002DD1F3A54BFF90FC80FF1D57EAC766" box="[875,948,232,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.68" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="468.0">468 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, sterile,
<date id="FFBE1000A54BFF90FBF9FF1D509EC766" box="[1042,1216,232,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2014-03-25">
<collectingDate id="EFFAE9E8A54BFF90FBF9FF1D509EC766" box="[1042,1216,232,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2014-03-25">25 March 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FB20FF1D54ECC742" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<collectorName id="26F55316A54BFF90FB20FF1D5133C766" box="[1227,1389,232,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">M.F. Devecchi</collectorName>
et al. 293
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED11AE05A54BFF90FF2AFEF954ACC742" box="[193,242,268,293]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
!, RB!, SPF!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B683C9DA54BFF90FE61FEF957B6C72E" collectingDate="2014-07-15" collectionCode="HTO" collectorName="M. F. Devecchi" country="Brazil" county="Ponte Alta do Tocantins" elevation="440" latitude="-10.516111" location="Mateiros" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.888058" municipality="Ponte Alta do Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tocantins">
<collectingCounty id="62DE4E4CA54BFF90FE61FEF956CAC742" box="[394,660,268,293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Ponte Alta do Tocantins</collectingCounty>
, estrada entre
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDBACBAA54BFF90FCD9FEF95067C742" box="[818,1081,268,293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Ponte Alta do Tocantins</collectingMunicipality>
e
<location id="8EDF601BA54BFF90FBBAFEF950E9C742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987D6A54EFF91FF63FA41514BC70A:8EDF601BA54BFF90FBBAFEF950E9C742" box="[1105,1207,268,293]" country="Brazil" county="Ponte Alta do Tocantins" latitude="-10.516111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-46.888058" municipality="Ponte Alta do Tocantins" name="Mateiros" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" stateProvince="Tocantins">Mateiros</location>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FB2AFEF95144C742" box="[1217,1306,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">cerrado</emphasis>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54BFF90FACCFEF951F5C742" box="[1319,1451,268,293]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-10.516111">10°30’58”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE345007A54BFF90FF63FEC55549C72E" box="[136,279,304,329]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-46.888058">46°53’17”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CF89B25A54BFF90FEC8FEC55532C72E" box="[291,364,304,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="440.0">
<elevation id="002DD1F3A54BFF90FEC8FEC55532C72E" box="[291,364,304,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="440.0">440 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, sterile,
<date id="FFBE1000A54BFF90FE21FEC55600C72E" box="[458,606,304,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2014-07-15">
<collectingDate id="EFFAE9E8A54BFF90FE21FEC55600C72E" box="[458,606,304,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" value="2014-07-15">15 July 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FD82FEC55762C72E" box="[617,828,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<collectorName id="26F55316A54BFF90FD82FEC55755C72E" box="[617,779,304,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">M.F. Devecchi</collectorName>
312
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED11AE05A54BFF90FCB8FEC557CAC72E" box="[851,916,304,329]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14342" name="Universidade Federal do Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="Herbarium">HTO</collectionCode>
!, SPF!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF56FEA1557DC7F6" blockId="4.[136,1454,160,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56FEA15567C70A" bold="true" box="[189,313,340,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Phenology</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FEB5FEA1567CC70A" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[350,546,340,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FEB5FEA1567CC70A" box="[350,546,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected with flowers in June and September, and with immature fruits in September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7F6648A54BFF90FF63FAC15628C32E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13632849" box="[136,630,1332,1353]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632849/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" startId="4.[136,229,1332,1353]" targetBox="[162,1426,435,1298]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF63FAC15628C32E" blockId="4.[136,630,1332,1353]" box="[136,630,1332,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF63FAC154A0C32E" bold="true" box="[136,254,1332,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FE2CFAC1562DC32E" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[455,627,1332,1353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">Simaba tocantina</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31A654BA54BFF90FF56FA8C55A0C0D5" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF56FA8C55A0C0D5" blockId="4.[136,1452,1401,2074]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56FA8C55BEC3F5" bold="true" box="[189,480,1401,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FDEFFA8C5699C3F5" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[516,711,1401,1426]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FDEFFA8C5699C3F5" box="[516,711,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FC88FA8C57E2C3F5" box="[867,956,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">cerrado</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FC04FA8C5030C3F5" box="[1007,1134,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">campo sujo</emphasis>
on sandy soils of the Jalapão region. Only two populations are known so far: one inside the limits of the Jalapão State Park in the municipality of Mateiros, and the other in the municipality of Ponte Alta do
<collectingRegion id="49C4F822A54BFF90FCC6FA3457C7C3BD" box="[813,921,1473,1498]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A45A54BFF90FC42FA3457B0C3BD" box="[937,1006,1473,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1332,1353]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,435,1298]" captionTargetId="figure-118@4.[151,1436,425,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Simaba tocantina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13632849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13632849/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The geoxylic habit of the new species may be seen as a putative drought and fire-resistant trait. As well as in several taxa from other families, this kind of life-form usually has been considered to have evolved as an adaptation to drought, or nutrient-deficient soils, or to fire regimes (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FEBBF9D855BCC021" author="Rachid, M." box="[336,482,1581,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" pagination="5 - 140" refId="ref5041" refString="Rachid, M. (1947) Transpiracao e sistemas subterraneos da vegetacao de verao dos campos cerrados de Emas. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo 5: 5 - 140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2318 - 5988. v 5 i 0 p 5 - 145" type="journal article" year="1947">Rachid 1947</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FE04F9D85755C021" author="Rizzini, C. T. &amp; Heringer, E. P." box="[495,779,1581,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" pagination="105 - 124" refId="ref5151" refString="Rizzini, C. T. &amp; Heringer, E. P. (1961) Underground organs of plants from some southern Brazilian savannas, with special reference to the xylopodium. Phyton 17 (1): 105 - 124." type="journal article" year="1961">Rizzini &amp; Heringer 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FCF3F9D85014C021" author="Simon, M. F. &amp; Pennington, T." box="[792,1098,1581,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" pagination="711 - 723" refId="ref5226" refString="Simon, M. F. &amp; Pennington, T. (2012) Evidence for adaptation to fire regimes in the tropical savannas of the Brazilian cerrado. International Journal of Plant Sciences 173 (6): 711 - 723. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1086 / 665973" type="journal article" year="2012">Simon &amp; Pennington 2012</bibRefCitation>
). We have some morphological evidence that even though the aerial parts of individual plants of the
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FC94F9A4505AC00D" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[895,1028,1617,1642]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FC94F9A4505AC00D" box="[895,1028,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">S. tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be completely burned out during a fire event, the protected buds on top of the underground stem can sprout new branches and leaves afterwards, with blooming following these events.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A654BA54BFF91FF56F948514BC70A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF56F94850BAC0B1" blockId="4.[136,1452,1401,2074]" box="[189,1252,1725,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56F9485516C0B1" bold="true" box="[189,328,1725,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The epithet refers to the state of
<collectingRegion id="49C4F822A54BFF90FD25F9485763C0B1" box="[718,829,1725,1750]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
, where the species is known to occur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36C0A54BFF90FF56F91451DCC125" blockId="4.[136,1452,1401,2074]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56F91455F2C09D" bold="true" box="[189,428,1761,1786]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Conservation status</emphasis>
:—Critically endangered (CR– B1b [i,ii,iv]). The species is probably endemic to the small area of Jalapão, where only three subpopulations are known. According to the performed GeoCAT analysis and the
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FF63F8DC5549C125" author="IUCN" box="[136,279,1833,1858]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" refId="ref4838" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. 2 nd ed. IUCN, Gland, 32 pp. Available from: http: // jr. iucnredlist. org / documents / redlist _ cats _ crit _ en. pdf (accessed 19 March 2015)" type="book" year="2012">IUCN (2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FEC8F8DC5503C125" author="IUCN" box="[291,349,1833,1858]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" refId="ref4892" refString="IUCN (2014) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. IUCN, Gland, 87 pp. Available from: http: // jr. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 19 March 2015)" type="book" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
) criteria, the species may be classified as critically endangered. EoO =
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; AoO =
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF56F8B8555EC101" bold="true" box="[189,256,1869,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Notes</emphasis>
: The presence of large and sparsely branched inflorescences, producing
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long flowers, with staminal appendages covered by intertwined trichomes forming a pseudotube around the gynoecium places the new species in
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FF16F860575BC1C9" authority="Engler (1874: 209)" authorityName="Engler" authorityPageNumber="209" authorityYear="1874" box="[253,773,1941,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Grandiflorae">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FF16F860550FC1C9" box="[253,337,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Simaba</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FE7AF860567BC1C9" box="[401,549,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Grandiflorae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54BFF90FDC7F860575BC1C9" author="Engler, A." box="[556,773,1941,1966]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" pagination="197 - 248" refId="ref4534" refString="Engler, A. (1874) Simaroubaceae. In: Martius, C. P. F. &amp; Eichler, A. G. (Eds.) Flora brasiliensis 12. Frid. Fleischer, Munich and Leipzig, pp. 197 - 248." type="book chapter" year="1874">Engler (1874: 209)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Even though
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FC4EF8605034C1C9" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[933,1130,1941,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FC4EF8605034C1C9" box="[933,1130,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Simaba tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54BFF90FADEF86051F5C1C9" authorityName="Engler" authorityYear="1874" box="[1333,1451,1941,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salubris">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54BFF90FADEF86051F5C1C9" box="[1333,1451,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">S. salubris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a shrubby habit, with short branches sprouting from a thickened underground system, it is distinct from the latter by the presence of a smooth leaf rachis (vs. striate), the presence of glandular trichomes in the inflorescence axis (vs. absence thereof), the shorter flower length (
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vs.
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long), the gynophore size (
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vs.
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tall), and by the ratio of the adnate and free part to the stamina appendages (6: 1 vs. 10: 1 or more). The other species belonging to
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FE91FF3155D1C6BA" box="[378,399,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FE38FF315639C6BA" box="[467,615,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Grandiflorae</emphasis>
are shrubs or small trees with conspicuous aerial stems. They also differ from the new species mainly by the following characters: the staminal appendages are
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long in
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54AFF91FAF4FF1D51FBC766" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[1311,1445,232,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FAF4FF1D51FBC766" box="[1311,1445,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S. tocantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while in
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54AFF91FF01FEF9550CC742" authorityName="Planchon" authorityYear="1846" box="[234,338,268,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cedron">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FF01FEF9550CC742" box="[234,338,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S. cedron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54AFF91FE8BFEF956F6C742" authority="Boas (1913: 337)" authorityName="Boas" authorityPageNumber="337" authorityYear="1913" box="[352,680,268,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pohliana">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FE8BFEF95581C742" box="[352,479,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S. pohliana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54AFF91FE0DFEF956F6C742" author="Boas, F." box="[486,680,268,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" pagination="303 - 356" refId="ref4334" refString="Boas, F. (1913) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Systematik der Simarubaceen. Beitrage zur Botanische Centralblatter 29: 303 - 356." type="journal article" year="1913">Boas (1913: 337)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54AFF91FD35FEF950FCC742" authority="Saint-Hilaire (1823: 279)" authorityName="Saint-Hilaire" authorityPageNumber="279" authorityYear="1823" box="[734,1186,268,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichilioides">
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FD35FEF957DEC742" box="[734,896,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S. trichilioides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B31A54AFF91FC6CFEF950FCC742" author="Saint-Hilaire, A. F. C. P." box="[903,1186,268,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" pagination="274 - 279" refId="ref5194" refString="Saint-Hilaire, A. F. C. P. (1823) Especies nouvelles de la flora du Bresil. Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 10: 274 - 279." type="journal article" year="1823">Saint-Hilaire (1823: 279)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
they are shorter (
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long); the ovary is tomentose in
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FDC4FEC556E2C72E" box="[559,700,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D43A54AFF91FDC4FEC556E7C72E" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2015" box="[559,697,304,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tocantina">S. tocantina</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but villous to velutinous in the three other species. All distinctive features are depicted in
<tableCitation id="C682037BA54AFF91FE78FEA155B8C70A" box="[403,486,340,365]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[136,216,414,435]" captionText="TABLE 1. Some characters distinguishing Simaba tocantina from the remaining species belonging to Simaba sect. Grandiflorae Engl." pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Table 1</tableCitation>
, and a key to the species of
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FCC9FEA15769C70A" box="[802,823,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">S.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B974EAD2A54AFF91FC93FEA15052C70A" box="[888,1036,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Grandiflorae</emphasis>
is also provided below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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