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<document id="2A569186A10D9E11A9AFD78E3CE69CFD" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.11" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7928885" ID-ZooBank="1E80FE4B-F846-4243-ABB9-15CF7F8341F4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1683887594507" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="GOROCHOV, ANDREI V. &amp; CORAM, ROBERT A." docDate="2023" docId="03A487E6D641D335FC987FE7FEABFBEA" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.6.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 6 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.11" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Locustopsis spectabilis Handlirsch 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="203" masterDocId="FF9DFF9ED644D333FFB27E7DFFD7FF86" masterDocTitle="New and little known taxa of the order Orthoptera (Insecta) from the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic of England" masterLastPageNumber="204" masterPageNumber="198" pageNumber="203" updateTime="1685380773502" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="C679D51E5F672EF24F59D0A851A643EE">New and little known taxa of the order Orthoptera (Insecta) from the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic of England</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4CC9828F4D6547E9D2CA09A5C322E1F7">GOROCHOV, ANDREI V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="06351E53512823BC60BA6168FD210B3A">CORAM, ROBERT A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BA1636D228ABEC5F7371B0B2CF2E9B76">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F6B28879D814E5E91C075F63C57EEA6">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C317657BD641D336FC987FE7FB08FE32" box="[810,1247,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB236F0D641D336FC987FE7FB08FE32" blockId="5.[810,1247,410,472]" box="[810,1247,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="D0FA819CD641D336FC987FE7FB08FE32" bold="true" box="[810,1247,410,437]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D641D336FC987FE7FB08FE32" ID-CoL="8NTNW" authority="Zeuner, 1942" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[810,1247,410,437]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Locustopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC987FE7FB08FE32" bold="true" box="[810,1247,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC987FE7FC66FE32" bold="true" box="[810,945,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Locustopsis</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC747FE7FBE9FE33" bold="true" box="[966,1086,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">spectabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B01D641D336FBF77FE7FB08FE32" author="Zeuner, F. E." box="[1093,1247,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref5191" refString="Zeuner, F. E. (1942) The Locustidae and the phylogeny of the Acridoidea (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B. Taxonomy, 11 (1), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1942">Zeuner, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C317657BD641D336FC987FC3FCAAFE5E" box="[810,893,446,472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB236F0D641D336FC987FC3FCAAFE5E" blockId="5.[810,1247,410,472]" box="[810,893,446,472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
(
<figureCitation id="13362A75D641D336FC807FC3FCA3FE5E" box="[818,884,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,235,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[250,1328,1017,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-214@5.[248,1340,1015,1990]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Locustopsis?spectabilis Zeuner, 1942, tegmen, imprint LD/Orth 31, Dorset, Lower Jurassic. A, Reconstruction of venation. B, Photograph of imprint (part). C, Photograph of imprint (counterpart). Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7928903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7928903/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C317657BD641D336FC987C7BFB50FD7E" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB236F0D641D336FC987C7BFB50FD7E" blockId="5.[810,1452,518,977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC987C7BFC4EFDA6" bold="true" box="[810,921,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Material.</emphasis>
Imprints LD/Orth 1 (part and counterparts), LD/Orth 4 (part and counterpart), LD/Orth 10 (part and counterpart), LD/Orth 18 (part and counterpart) and LD/ Orth 31 (part and counterpart) (
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE35D641D336FB257C0FFB1CFD0A" box="[1175,1227,626,652]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
); diverse fragments of tegmina; Lower Jurassic, Sinemurian, Turneri Chronozone, Brooki Bed, Monmouth Beach, Lyme Regis,
<collectingRegion id="49C9F812D641D336FC987CA2FCAFFD7F" box="[810,888,735,761]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dorset" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Dorset</collectingRegion>
; collected by
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE35D641D336FBA07CA2FBFFFD7F" box="[1042,1064,735,761]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">R</collectionCode>
. Coram.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C317657BD641D335FCED7D7FFEABFBEA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB236F0D641D335FCED7D7FFEABFBEA" blockId="5.[810,1452,518,977]" lastBlockId="6.[136,778,158,1132]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FCED7D7FFC04FC9A" bold="true" box="[863,979,770,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is distinctly larger than
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D641D336FC987D5BFBE9FCC6" authority="GOROCHOV &amp; CORAM, 2023" authorityName="GOROCHOV &amp; CORAM" authorityYear="2023" box="[810,1086,806,832]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Plesioschwinzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharovi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC987D5BFBE9FCC6" box="[810,1086,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">Plesioschwinzia sharovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FBF97D5BFB7CFCC6" bold="true" box="[1099,1195,806,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A5799D641D336FBF97D5BFB7CFCC6" box="[1099,1195,806,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; its tegmina, judging by these fragments, are possibly
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in length.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B01D641D336FC987D12FC1DFC0E" author="Zeuner, F. E." box="[810,970,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref5191" refString="Zeuner, F. E. (1942) The Locustidae and the phylogeny of the Acridoidea (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B. Taxonomy, 11 (1), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1942">Zeuner (1942)</bibRefCitation>
wrote that the tegmen of the
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of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D641D336FA277D12FC75FC2A" authorityName="Zeuner" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Locustopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FA277D12FA72FC0E" box="[1429,1445,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D641D336FC987DEFFC75FC2A" box="[810,930,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
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in length, and this species from the Lower Jurassic of
<collectingCountry id="F31A7660D641D336FC4E7DCBFB8EFC56" box="[1020,1113,950,976]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="203">England</collectingCountry>
is the “largest known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D642D335FF197EE2FEF8FF3E" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[171,303,159,184]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Locustopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FF197EE2FEF8FF3E" box="[171,303,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">Locustopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. Later, the age of its type locality was indicated as “Upper Triassic”, and additional specimens from the English Lower Jurassic were considered and photographed (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B01D642D335FE817F76FE08FEA0" author="Whalley, P. E. S." box="[307,479,267,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" pagination="107 - 189" refId="ref5090" refString="Whalley, P. E. S. (1985) The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series, 39 (3): 107 - 189." type="journal article" year="1985">Whalley, 1985</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2628); the possible length of their tegmina was indicated as “
<quantity id="4CF59B15D642D335FDC57F4DFD2BFECC" box="[631,764,304,330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="22.0">2229 mm</quantity>
”. In the same paper,
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D642D335FED87F29FCDDFEE9" authority="Whalley, 1985" authorityName="Whalley" authorityYear="1985" box="[362,778,340,367]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Orichalcum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatum">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FED87F29FD8EFEE8" box="[362,601,340,366]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">Orichalcum ornatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B01D642D335FDD17F29FCDDFEE9" author="Whalley, P. E. S." box="[611,778,340,367]" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" pagination="107 - 189" refId="ref5090" refString="Whalley, P. E. S. (1985) The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series, 39 (3): 107 - 189." type="journal article" year="1985">Whalley, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described as belonging to the suborder
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D642D335FD177F04FCD2FE15" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1920" box="[677,773,377,403]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Ensifera">Ensifera</taxonomicName>
, but judging by the photograph of its
<typeStatus id="54B68852D642D335FD837FE0FD44FE31" box="[561,659,413,439]" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B01D642D335FD167FE0FF13FE5B" author="Whalley, P. E. S." pageId="6" pageNumber="204" pagination="107 - 189" refId="ref5090" refString="Whalley, P. E. S. (1985) The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series, 39 (3): 107 - 189." type="journal article" year="1985">Whalley, 1985</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21), it may be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D642D335FDDB7FBEFCD4FE5A" authorityName="Zeuner" authorityYear="1942" box="[617,771,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Locustopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FDDB7FBEFDAEFE5A" box="[617,633,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FD397FBFFCD4FE5A" box="[651,771,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has a very similar tegminal shape, venation and possible length (
<quantity id="4CF59B15D642D335FEFB7C76FE1BFDA3" box="[329,460,523,549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="29.0">2931 mm</quantity>
); however, this
<typeStatus id="54B68852D642D335FD387C76FD3BFDA3" box="[650,748,523,549]" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">holotype</typeStatus>
is slightly different in having a more contrasted but similarly spotted coloration (which could be a preservation effect) and the crossvein between RS and 1MA1 looking almost like an additional branch of MA fused with RS (this very slight aberration was possibly a reason for inclusion of this tegmen in another suborder). Thus, our imprints may also belong to this species, but for correct determination, it is necessary to restudy the
<typeStatus id="54B68852D642D335FE507D53FD93FCCE" box="[482,580,814,840]" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D73D642D335FDC37D52FCDDFCCE" authorityName="Zeuner" authorityYear="1942" box="[625,778,814,841]" class="Insecta" family="Locustopsidae" genus="Locustopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FDC37D52FD56FCCE" box="[625,641,815,840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B979EAE2D642D335FD207D53FCDDFCCE" box="[658,778,814,840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has an unusually short tegminal RS (which could be an aberration, an incorrect picture by Zeuner or signify a separate species) and more numerous branches (five instead of four;
<figureCitation id="13362A75D642D335FE3D7DBDFE39FC5C" box="[399,494,960,986]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,235,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[250,1328,1017,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-214@5.[248,1340,1015,1990]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Locustopsis?spectabilis Zeuner, 1942, tegmen, imprint LD/Orth 31, Dorset, Lower Jurassic. A, Reconstruction of venation. B, Photograph of imprint (part). C, Photograph of imprint (counterpart). Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7928903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7928903/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Moreover, one of our specimens provides a good example of problems with color preservation: some dark spots remain only on one part (
<figureCitation id="13362A75D642D335FF767A50FECAFBC1" box="[196,285,1069,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,235,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[250,1328,1017,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-214@5.[248,1340,1015,1990]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Locustopsis?spectabilis Zeuner, 1942, tegmen, imprint LD/Orth 31, Dorset, Lower Jurassic. A, Reconstruction of venation. B, Photograph of imprint (part). C, Photograph of imprint (counterpart). Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7928903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7928903/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), but others are seen only on its undoubted counterpart (
<figureCitation id="13362A75D642D335FEA57A2FFEB8FBEA" box="[279,367,1106,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,235,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[250,1328,1017,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-214@5.[248,1340,1015,1990]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Locustopsis?spectabilis Zeuner, 1942, tegmen, imprint LD/Orth 31, Dorset, Lower Jurassic. A, Reconstruction of venation. B, Photograph of imprint (part). C, Photograph of imprint (counterpart). Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7928903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7928903/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="204">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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