plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/6F/42/DB/6F42DB1233332A26FF02F9A6FEDFFF51.xml
maintenance 739312edd0 added 6F
2024-06-21 12:39:53 +02:00

689 lines
87 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="0DAE1BD0A3032DCC28831B4C61BFE830" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3681.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8c733c00-a6c0-4d71-9405-e7f7aa7cc1d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="218072" ID-ZooBank="7D873D35-CBBD-4AA7-8D7C-9ECE13780025" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460640750811" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reid, Chris A. M. &amp; De Little, David W." docDate="2013" docId="6F42DB1233332A26FF02F9A6FEDFFF51" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03681p404.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3681 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paropsisterna selmani Reid" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="402" masterDocId="937BA36A33322A2EFF95FFFCFFD2FFA6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Paropsisterna Motschulsky, 1860, a significant pest of plantation eucalypts in Tasmania and Ireland (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)" masterLastPageNumber="404" masterPageNumber="395" pageNumber="396" updateTime="1698335730738" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="6B8EDF4EF74A8ADABCA68F339526B610" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="93D75BB8C70C7CF43B9957F786FAEE9D">
<mods:title id="A0B87DD8C7FD78AB602C32ECCBB5C039">A new species of Paropsisterna Motschulsky, 1860, a significant pest of plantation eucalypts in Tasmania and Ireland (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="21BDA4497CBE2413D8C5F5B248C05191" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F985FEEA4C261B01CF646B127F8C31FA">
<mods:roleTerm id="209A6142F72C0359BB040FEA966C94CD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="85E82D9800176E2F3A2AAE5F1E2AB28F">Reid, Chris A. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F746FD01A5C61F4CECA62ECF3BEAA1AD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2D972100C93F270147B5B2358628AED3">
<mods:roleTerm id="316F5B8BEEFA1472CD060DE932D57B17">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4E483279908268A4E25A0CFF2BDAEC83">De Little, David W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B3A813C01E645D0CC4B36F9F3E984BB7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B4D118016589026DB75B7D1FE21EBFAD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="50CF91468675B7309C2C21C4FF31B6DB">
<mods:title id="4E0EBBF25001F69197DBFD5ABC62B33D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="BDBCD8479A8F8C4D423E7C258FBB5CF8">
<mods:date id="2CA7AAFF33D14AAD27D20FC7BEE1B5B4">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2057E3E606967B0D0EE2E21F059AC4CE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C0A2316A6D4563468826E84952111AFF">3681</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B6ECD88208F064A0CFBE103565671A31" type="issue">
<mods:number id="5DCD80870A286B21E8CD5F85AE440474">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="54E582B593FF9E6A2B313EA9E28D737A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6DFB7584C4DA877F3007D761B47CFFF0">395</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B1CDDC1BFC0B291226FD62227E998E99">404</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="EC13DA6D2650DA4523AE7A07E97BEF1B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C7AD8EDF36A30DF6DF7913495D3C36C6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3681.4.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="04F83A7A741192FFC1967C6687FE87D4" type="GBIF-Dataset">8c733c00-a6c0-4d71-9405-e7f7aa7cc1d6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BDBBB107F06D4409BC5EE6746206C3E3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FB3DA2A04F218FD0B4024D42DF2FFEB7" type="Zenodo-Dep">218072</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1C5A3089FE71BD0AB0293C51ECD06473" type="ZooBank">7D873D35-CBBD-4AA7-8D7C-9ECE13780025</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6F42DB1233332A26FF02F9A6FEDFFF51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6159860" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119571381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6159860" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F42DB1233332A26FF02F9A6FEDFFF51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F42DB1233332A26FF02F9A6FEDFFF51" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<subSubSection id="AFF1398F33332A2FFF02F9A6FE4FF933" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433332A2FFF02F9A6FD30F9D2" blockId="1.[151,738,1626,1685]" box="[151,738,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<heading id="BC1CDD6833332A2FFF02F9A6FD30F9D2" bold="true" box="[151,738,1626,1652]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFF02F9A6FD30F9D2" bold="true" box="[151,738,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733332A2FFF02F9A6FE35F9D2" authority="Reid" authorityName="Reid" box="[151,487,1626,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFF02F9A6FE77F9D2" bold="true" box="[151,421,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
Reid
</taxonomicName>
&amp; de Little, sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433332A2FFF02F981FE4FF933" blockId="1.[151,738,1626,1685]" box="[151,413,1661,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
(
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133332A2FFF0AF981FED8F933" box="[159,266,1661,1685]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,605,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,591,1713]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Paropsisterna species, live adults. 1, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, post-hibernation, Tasmania (DWdL); 2, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, pre-hibernation, London (Paula French); 3, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, teneral, Ireland (Finbarr Horgan); 4, P. g l o r i o s a (Blackburn, 1899), Gisbourne, Victoria (Eunice Tan)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218073/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133332A2FFE82F981FE91F933" box="[279,323,1661,1685]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId-0="4.[151,264,1481,1504]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1938,1961]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1401,220,1434]" captionTargetBox-1="[249,1319,225,1868]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1460]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[217,1353,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 8. Paropsisterna selmani, new species, dead material: 5, habitus; 6, head; 7, oblique view of elytral striae; 8, thoracic venter." captionText-1="FIGURES 9 – 13. Paropsisterna species, penis dorsal, apical edge &amp; lateral: 9, P. selmani, new species, Myrtleford, Tasmania; 10, P. g l o r i o s a (Blackburn, 1899), Black Springs, NSW; 11, P. nobilitata (Erichson, 1842), Strahan, Tasmania; 12, P. annularis (Blackburn, 1899), Canberra, ACT; 13, P. debilis (Chapuis, 1877), Nannup, WA. All drawn to same scale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/218074/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/218075/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">5–9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133332A2FFEDBF981FE44F933" box="[334,406,1661,1685]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1811,1834]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox-0="[179,1411,233,1770]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1790]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Third instar larva of Paropsisterna selmani, new species." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Map of Tasmania showing distribution of Paropsisterna selmani, new species." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/218076/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">14–15</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF1398F33332A2FFF02F939FB69F87F" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433332A2FFF02F939FB69F87F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1733,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFF02F939FE5AF978" bold="true" box="[151,392,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="3850D4A633332A2FFE0DF93AFE0CF978" box="[408,478,1734,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Types</typeStatus>
.
<typeStatus id="3850D4A633332A2FFE64F939FD8CF97B" box="[497,606,1733,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 3/Vale of Belvoir, Tas.,
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFC37F939FBFDF97B" box="[930,1071,1733,1757]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="1" value="-41.550083">41°33.005´S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFBABF939FB0FF97B" box="[1086,1245,1733,1757]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="1" value="145.89249">145°53.549´E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFB64F939FABFF97B" box="[1265,1389,1733,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2010-03-14">14.iii.2010</date>
, A. Throssell, Bush Blitz Survey/ (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFE6CF915FD80F8A7" box="[505,594,1769,1793]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/88vw-h26m" name="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">TMAG</collectionCode>
);
<typeStatus id="3850D4A633332A2FFDF2F916FD06F8A4" box="[615,724,1770,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(30):
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433332A2FFC89F915FC5EF8A4" box="[796,908,1769,1794]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFC89F915FC5EF8A4" bold="true" box="[796,908,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Australia</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: 3, Ƥ: /Glen Huon [
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFBE8F915FB0EF8A7" box="[1149,1244,1769,1793]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="-43.083332">43°05’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFB71F915FA86F8A7" box="[1252,1364,1769,1793]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="146.85">146°51’E</geoCoordinate>
],
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFAFCF916FF08F883" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
Euc.
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733332A2FFF02F8F2FF08F883" box="[151,218,1806,1829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">nitens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFF7DF8F1FE86F883" box="[232,340,1805,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2004-11-09">9.xi.2004</date>
, D de Little/ (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFE7AF8F1FD9AF883" box="[495,584,1805,1829]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/88vw-h26m" name="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">TMAG</collectionCode>
); Ƥ/ Myrtlebank [
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFC85F8F1FCBFF883" box="[784,877,1805,1829]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="-41.283333">41°17’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFCE1F8F1FC31F883" box="[884,995,1805,1829]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="147.35">147°21’E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFC62F8F1FBAAF883" box="[1015,1144,1805,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="1992-12-28">28.xii.1992</date>
, D de Little/ (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFA81F8F1FABFF883" box="[1300,1389,1805,1829]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/88vw-h26m" name="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">TMAG</collectionCode>
); Ƥ, ditto except
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFEB7F8CDFE46F8EF" box="[290,404,1841,1865]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="1992-12-01">1.xii.1992</date>
(
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFE36F8CDFE37F8EF" box="[419,485,1841,1865]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">AMS</collectionCode>
); Ƥ:/ Ragged Jack [
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFD56F8CDFCF3F8EF" box="[707,801,1841,1865]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="-41.483334">41°29’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFCBDF8CDFC4AF8EF" box="[808,920,1841,1865]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="147.63333">147°38’E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFC39F8CDFBFFF8EF" box="[940,1069,1841,1865]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="1992-12-24">24.xii.1992</date>
, D de Little / (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFB47F8CDFAF9F8EF" box="[1234,1323,1841,1865]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/88vw-h26m" name="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">TMAG</collectionCode>
); Ƥ: /Vale of Belvoir,
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFE80F8A9FE70F8CB" box="[277,418,1877,1901]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="1" value="-41.55595">41°33.357´S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="82DF0CC333332A2FFE3CF8A9FD9AF8CB" box="[425,584,1877,1901]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="1" value="145.88234">145°52.940´E</geoCoordinate>
, Col. K Bonham
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFC9EF8A9FC55F8CB" box="[779,903,1877,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2010-03-15">15.iii.2010</date>
, Bush Blitz Survey/ (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFBE0F8A9FB1CF8CB" box="[1141,1230,1877,1901]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/88vw-h26m" name="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">TMAG</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433332A2FFB74F8A9FAEBF8CB" box="[1249,1337,1877,1901]" name="Ireland" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFB74F8A9FAEBF8CB" bold="true" box="[1249,1337,1877,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Ireland</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: 3, 2 Ƥ: /Co. Kerry,
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFE8EF885FE5CF837" box="[283,398,1913,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2007-10-22">22.x.2007</date>
, A Whelton, CSL 20720078,
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFD48F886FCE3F837" box="[733,817,1914,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">BMNH</collectionCode>
2010-
<specimenCount id="F1EDA18D33332A2FFCEEF885FC03F837" box="[891,977,1913,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="generic">157 Ex.</specimenCount>
Enq.
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFB86F885FB88F837" box="[1043,1114,1913,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">FERA</collectionCode>
/ (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFBE7F885FB19F837" box="[1138,1227,1913,1937]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49nc-28y0" name="Natural History Museum, Tripoli" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">NHML</collectionCode>
);
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFB4BF885FAE3F837" box="[1246,1329,1913,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2011-09-03">9 3, 11</date>
Ƥ/Kerry, on
<emphasis id="D59FB61633332A2FFF2FF862FEE5F813" box="[186,311,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
Euc.
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733332A2FFF61F862FEE5F813" box="[244,311,1950,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">nitens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="93554CC433332A2FFED3F861FE4FF813" box="[326,413,1949,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2007-06">vi.2007</date>
, F. Horgan (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFDB2F861FDBAF813" box="[551,616,1949,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">AMS</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFDE1F862FD1BF813" box="[628,713,1950,1973]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49nc-28y0" name="Natural History Museum, Tripoli" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">NHML</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFD41F862FCCAF813" box="[724,792,1950,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">NMD</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFCB1F862FCAFF813" box="[804,893,1950,1973]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">NMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFC1DF861FC1BF813" box="[904,969,1949,1973]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">SAM</collectionCode>
). Non-types. 9 first, 4 second, 4 third and 5 fourth instar larvae, reared by DWdL from adults collected at Myrtlebank, Tasmania (
<collectionCode id="81FAF2C133332A2FFBF9F83DFB7DF87F" box="[1132,1199,1985,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">AMS</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF1398F33302A2CFF52FF6BFD20FDBC" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433302A2CFF52FF6BFD20FDBC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFF52FF6BFE93FF16" bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733302A2CFEDDFF65FD96FF16" box="[328,580,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFEDDFF65FD96FF16" box="[328,580,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the following unique combination of attributes. Elytra of live adult with diagnostic distribution of gold or yellow spots and stripes, including lateral stripe on 7th–8th intervals and ring of elongate spots on apical half of combined elytra (
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133302A2CFD70FF1EFC9DFF5C" box="[741,847,226,250]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,605,1682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,591,1713]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Paropsisterna species, live adults. 1, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, post-hibernation, Tasmania (DWdL); 2, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, pre-hibernation, London (Paula French); 3, Paropsisterna selmani, new species, teneral, Ireland (Finbarr Horgan); 4, P. g l o r i o s a (Blackburn, 1899), Gisbourne, Victoria (Eunice Tan)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218073/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
); dead adult yellowish-brown with four anteriorly projecting patches of black at base of head, and lateral margins of metaventrite and metanepisterna brown; frons and disc of pronotum with mixture of two sizes of punctures, coalescent towards sides; anterior angles pronotum strongly anteriorly produced; elytra with laterally prominent obtuse anterior angles (c. 120°); elytra with strongly punctured scutellary striole and 9 distinct striae, strial punctures as large as on pronotal disc, those of at least striole and stria 1 (but often 2–5 as well) slightly irregularly placed (not neatly linear); middle third of penis evenly broad in lateral view, contracting apically to sharply reflexed thin tip, short and bluntly triangular in apical view; preapical part of penis abruptly expanded, with slight nick in lateral view at base of expansion and edges narrowly ventrally reflexed in apical view; spermatheca absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B3943A8C33302A2CFF02F93BFB20F8BC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218073/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[168,1424,605,1682]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433302A2CFF02F93BFB20F8BC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1735,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFF02F93BFE93F97A" bold="true" box="[151,321,1735,1758]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733302A2CFEDAF934FE0FF97B" box="[335,477,1736,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFEDAF934FE0FF97B" box="[335,477,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Paropsisterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, live adults. 1,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733302A2CFD78F934FC0BF97B" box="[749,985,1735,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFD78F934FC0BF97B" box="[749,985,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33302A2CFC79F934FBA2F97B" box="[1004,1136,1735,1757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, post-hibernation, Tasmania (DWdL); 2,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733302A2CFE8BF91BFDD4F95A" box="[286,518,1766,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFE8BF91BFDD4F95A" box="[286,518,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33302A2CFD82F91BFD4BF95A" box="[535,665,1766,1788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, pre-hibernation, London (Paula French); 3,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733302A2CFBEDF91BFAB3F95A" box="[1144,1377,1766,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFBEDF91BFAB3F95A" box="[1144,1377,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33302A2CFAE7F91BFF30F8BC" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, teneral, Ireland (Finbarr Horgan); 4,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFDF5F8FAFD1BF8BD" box="[608,713,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">P. g l o r i o s a</emphasis>
(Blackburn, 1899), Gisbourne, Victoria (Eunice Tan).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="AFF1398F33302A29FF52F8BDFDF7FB06" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="description">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433302A2DFF52F8BDFECAFC9B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1857,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFF52F8BDFE8BF8FC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1857,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFEF7F8BEFE4CF8FC" box="[354,414,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Adult</emphasis>
. Length: 3, 7–
<quantity id="2013C7E133302A2CFDC6F8BEFD7DF8FC" box="[595,687,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
; Ƥ,
<quantity id="2013C7E133302A2CFD76F8BEFC94F8FC" box="[739,838,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
; body broadly ovate (length to width ratio 1.3) and convex (length to height ratio 2.6), with highest point at about half body length; head slightly wider than half pronotal width; elytra at anterior angles 1.3x pronotal width. Mature live adult beetles with distinctive but variable colour pattern, 3 generally darker and with more red pigmentation than Ƥ, elytral colour darker after hibernation (
<emphasis id="D59FB61633302A2CFF35F82FFED5F84C" box="[160,263,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">pers. obs</emphasis>
. DWdL): anterior of head, pronotum, outer margins of elytra, most of venter, antennae, palpi and legs yellowish-brown; base of head (behind eyes) black, with 4 anteriorly projecting poorly defined extensions of the black base, one behind each eye, two divergent at middle (black areas often hidden by overlapping pronotum); head and pronotal disc sometimes partly or entirely reddish-brown; scutellum and basal third of elytral suture often dark brown; each elytron usually with short reddish to gold streak at base of suture (mostly in second interval from suture), constantly with gold to greenish-yellow streak from humerus to apex in 7th–8th intervals, series of 7–8 short elongate gold spots on apical half in a semi-circle, starting at 2nd interval, reaching 4th and curving back to 2nd, the spots often fused, forming a circle when elytra united; outer margin of lateral gold stripe sometimes dark brown; remainder of elytral disc varying from entirely red to purplish-brown with scattered pale brown spots; lateral margins of metaventrite and most of metanepisterna usually stained dark brown. Immature live adults less intensely coloured, with pink elytral disc, black border to disc replaced by pale blue and gold spots replaced by pale yellow. Dead mature adult entirely yellowish-brown except: base of head black and lateral margins of metaventrite and metanepisterna brown as described above. Pubescence: head with depressed areas adjacent to eyes with erect setae, two long setae projecting anteriorly from sides of apical margin of clypeus; rest of head, all of pronotum (including hypomera) and elytra (including epipleura) glabrous; prosternum glabrous except setose anterior margin and apex of prosternal process; mesepimera and mesoventrite glabrous except process; metanepisterna with sparse minute setae; metaventrite glabrous; abdominal ventrites glabrous except lateral margins and apex ventrite V densely setose; antennomeres 4–11 with smooth impunctate midline and raised setae either side of this; femora almost glabrous; tibiae setose, densely towards apices; male with ovate pads of spatulate setae on pro- and meso- first tarsomeres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433312A2DFF52FCB5FD51FB9F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
Head: eyes small, separated by c.
<date id="93554CC433312A2DFDC6FCB5FDBCFCC7" box="[595,622,841,865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">4x</date>
greatest widths; frontoclypeus irregularly punctured, with mixed large (slightly larger than eye facets) and small (slightly smaller than eye facets) punctures, often coalescent in small pits, densely and finely punctured in depressed areas adjacent to eyes, more evenly sized and not coalescing at base of head (in black area); interspaces finely microreticulate; antennae c. half body length, all antennomeres elongate, 2 shortest, 11 longest; 1 and 3 almost as long as 11, 4–11 distinctly flattened, 5–10 slightly asymmetric; labrum microreticulate, finely and sparsely punctured, apex shallowly concave; securiform apical maxillary palpomere broader in male, with sharper lateral angles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433312A2DFF52FBB9FB0CF943" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Thorax: pronotum strongly transverse, width c. 2.3x length, posterior angles broadly rounded, anterior angles strongly anteriorly produced; pronotal margins entirely finely beaded; disc of pronotum (area behind vertex) punctured as head but punctures larger and interspaces larger, punctures increasing in size and conflation towards sides of pronotum, which are rugose with irregular slightly ridged intervals; pronotal surface shining but finely microreticulate; prosternum elevated as smooth ridge along midline, posteriorly bifurcating to follow lateral margins of process (middle of process depressed); prosternal process elongate spatulate, reaching well beyond posterior margins of procoxae; scutellum elongate semi-ovate, strongly microreticulate, minutely punctured; elytra broadest at about middle, but with laterally prominent obtuse anterior angles (c. 120°); humeri prominent, at about 3/5 width from suture to lateral margin; elytra with strongly punctured scutellary striole and 9 distinct striae, strial punctures as large as on pronotal disc, those of at least striole and stria 1 (but often 2–5 as well) slightly irregularly placed (not neatly linear); striae 2 &amp; 3 and 4 &amp; 5 usually anastomosed before apex, striae 6–9 ending in area of scattered large punctures at elytral apex; intervals 1–9 and strip outside stria 9 with scattered mixed punctures, similar to pronotal disc; slightly reflexed outer margins of elytra with broad strongly punctate area, punctures more evenly spread and larger than on pronotal disc; mesoventrite deeply hollowed anteriorly to accommodate prosternal process, small tubercle either side of hollow; mesoventrite process strongly elevated, anterior face deeply concave and posterior face (apex) deeply concave; metaventrite smooth except finely wrinkled and punctate in lateral angles, process flat or slightly elevated; inner margins of protibiae slightly concave before apex; apical third of meso- and metatibiae with dorsal seta-fringed excavation to accommodate tarsi; male pro- and meso- first tarsomeres ovate, female elongate-triangular; claws with acute tooth on middle of ventral surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433312A2DFF52F90DFC26F847" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Abdomen: ventrites I–IV shining but finely microreticulate, close and finely punctured at base, wrinkled at sides, with sparse fine punctures elsewhere; ventrite V as I–IV, but without lateral wrinkles and more closely punctured, with subapical transverse setose groove in both sexes; apex of male ventrite V truncate with slight median convexity, apex of female broadly convex; middle third of penis evenly broad in lateral view, contracting apically to sharply reflexed thin tip, short and bluntly triangular in apical view; pre-apical part of penis abruptly expanded, with slight nick in lateral view at base of expansion and edges narrowly ventrally reflexed in apical view; spermatheca absent; vaginal palpi one-segmented, flat, apically setose.</paragraph>
<caption id="B3943A8C33362A2AFF02FA35FEE6FA58" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218074/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" targetBox="[181,1401,220,1434]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433362A2AFF02FA35FEE6FA58" blockId="4.[151,1436,1481,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633362A2AFF02FA35FEEFFA78" bold="true" box="[151,317,1481,1504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">FIGURES 5–8.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D59FB61633362A2AFED0FA36FDE0FA79" box="[325,562,1481,1503]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733362A2AFED0FA36FDFFFA79" box="[325,557,1481,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">Paropsisterna selmani</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33362A2AFDAFFA36FD6BFA79" box="[570,697,1481,1503]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, dead material: 5, habitus; 6, head; 7, oblique view of elytral striae; 8, thoracic venter.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433362A2AFF52F9D7FEE5F877" blockId="4.[151,1437,1578,2002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633362A2AFF52F9D7FED8F9E4" box="[199,266,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Larva</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133362A2AFE8CF9D6FEB9F9E4" box="[281,363,1578,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[179,1411,233,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1790]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 14. Third instar larva of Paropsisterna selmani, new species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218076/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Four larval instars. First instar: length
<quantity id="2013C7E133362A2AFCA7F9D6FC4DF9E4" box="[818,927,1578,1602]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5mm</quantity>
, head capsule
<quantity id="2013C7E133362A2AFBD6F9D6FB03F9E4" box="[1091,1233,1578,1602]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="0.825" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.85mm</quantity>
wide; integument pale yellowish-green with scattered dark microspicules and brown dorsal and lateral sclerites present, as follows: most of head capsule (clypeal area and genae pale), antennae, maxillary palpi; prothorax: lateral edges D-DL-EP, trochantin, P; meso- and metathorax: DLpi, DLe, Sp (mesothorax only), EPa, EPp, trochantin, P; abdominal segments 1–6: DPe (minute), DLpi, Sp, EP, P; abdominal segment 7: DA, DP, DLpi, Sp, EP, P; abdominal segment 8: D-DL, Sp, EP, P; abdominal segment 9: D-DL-EP; lateral surfaces of legs. Ventral surface with minute pale sclerites. Vertex and frons entirely microtuberculate, sides slightly wrinkled; stemmata arranged 5+1; antennae short, 3rd segment not longer than 2nd; antenna inserted on elevated flange, inner edge of flange as long as antenna; 3 pairs of eggbursters short, narrowly acute, on DLpi of meso- and metathorax and abdominal segment 1; annular spiracles present on mesothorax and abdominal segments 1–8; pair of elongate eversible dorsal glands, bulbous at base, between abdominal segments 7 and 8; paired eversible thin-walled ampullae in middle of venter of abdominal segments 1–7.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B3943A8C33372A2BFF02F86EFB1AF840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218075/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" targetBox="[249,1319,225,1868]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433372A2BFF02F86EFB1AF840" blockId="5.[151,1436,1938,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFF02F86EFE95F80E" bold="true" box="[151,327,1938,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">FIGURES 9–13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733372A2BFEDBF868FE0FF80F" box="[334,477,1940,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFEDBF868FE0FF80F" box="[334,477,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Paropsisterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, penis dorsal, apical edge &amp; lateral: 9,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFC29F868FBF8F80F" box="[956,1066,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733372A2BFC29F868FBF4F80F" box="[956,1062,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">P. selmani</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33372A2BFBA4F868FB7FF80F" box="[1073,1197,1939,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Myrtleford, Tasmania; 10,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFF28F84FFEF4F86E" box="[189,294,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">P. g l o r i o s a</emphasis>
(Blackburn, 1899), Black Springs, NSW; 11,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733372A2BFD69F84FFBFBF86E" authority="Erichson, 1842" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1842" box="[764,1065,1969,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFD69F84FFCA5F861" box="[764,887,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
(Erichson, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
, Strahan, Tasmania; 12,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733372A2BFAB7F84FFE80F841" authority="Blackburn, 1899" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annularis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFAB7F84FFA4EF861" box="[1314,1436,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">P. annularis</emphasis>
(Blackburn, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
, Canberra, ACT; 13,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733372A2BFDBEF82DFCE0F841" authority="Chapuis, 1877" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1877" box="[555,818,2000,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633372A2BFDBEF82DFD55F840" box="[555,647,2000,2022]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">P. debilis</emphasis>
(Chapuis, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
, Nannup, WA. All drawn to same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B3943A8C33342A28FF02F8EFFCBAF88F" box="[151,872,1811,1834]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218076/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" targetBox="[179,1411,233,1770]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433342A28FF02F8EFFCBAF88F" blockId="6.[151,1091,1811,1864]" box="[151,872,1811,1834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633342A28FF02F8EFFECDF88E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1811,1834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Third instar larva of
<emphasis id="D59FB61633342A28FE62F8E8FD33F88F" box="[503,737,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733342A28FE62F8E8FD0FF88F" box="[503,733,1811,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">Paropsisterna selmani</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33342A28FD72F8E8FCB6F88F" box="[743,868,1811,1833]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B3943A8C33342A28FF02F8CDFB91F8EE" box="[151,1091,1841,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433342A28FF02F8CDFB91F8EE" blockId="6.[151,1091,1811,1864]" box="[151,1091,1841,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633342A28FF02F8CDFECDF8E1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1841,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
Map of Tasmania showing distribution of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733342A28FD44F8CFFC64F8EE" box="[721,950,1842,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633342A28FD44F8CFFC64F8EE" box="[721,950,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33342A28FC57F8CFFB92F8EE" box="[962,1088,1842,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433342A29FF52F888FDADFF72" blockId="6.[151,1437,1908,2006]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
Second to fourth instars: lengths: second
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FD07F888FD1DF82A" box="[658,719,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
, third
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FC81F888FC83F82A" box="[788,849,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="9.0">9mm</quantity>
, fourth
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FC32F888FBD6F82A" box="[935,1028,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5mm</quantity>
(straightened); head capsule widths: second:
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FF63F864FE55F816" box="[246,391,1944,1968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1749999999999998" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="1.1749999999999998" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.15">1.15–1.2mm</quantity>
; third
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FE47F864FD87F816" box="[466,597,1944,1968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.6mm</quantity>
; fourth
<quantity id="2013C7E133342A28FD25F864FCE1F816" box="[688,819,1944,1968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.1mm</quantity>
; coloured and sclerotised as first instar, except brown areas generally darker and with lateral grey-green stripe each side, from head to abdominal apex; DLpi missing from meso- and metathorax, DPe missing from abdominal segments 1–6, P reduced to small spots, eggbusters absent, microtubercles of head less distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A29FF52FF1CFDBBFE99" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF52FF1CFEC3FF5E" bold="true" box="[199,273,224,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Notes.</emphasis>
Etymology: named for the late Brian Selman of University of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FB6CFF1CFAF0FF51" box="[1273,1314,224,247]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">UK</collectingCountry>
(deceased 2009), who worked for many years on the Australian
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC8CFEF8FC15FEBA" box="[793,967,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chrysomelinae">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
. He was Honours degree supervisor for CAMR and taxonomic advisor to DWdL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A29FF52FEB0FE08FE21" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
The diagnostic bright colours of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FDA1FEB1FCFDFEC2" box="[564,815,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FDA1FEB1FCFDFEC2" box="[564,815,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fade rapidly after death, although they may be partially restored by soaking in water.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A29FF52FE68FDF7FB06" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
When it was discovered causing damage to plantations in Tasmania,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC4EFE69FB82FE0A" box="[987,1104,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC4EFE69FB82FE0A" box="[987,1104,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was identified as
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FAB4FE69FA49FE0A" box="[1313,1435,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FAB4FE69FA49FE0A" box="[1313,1435,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. gloriosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(de
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FF54FE4BFEEEFE69" author="Little" box="[193,316,439,463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="De Little, D. W. (2011) A revised key and notes on the Tasmanian genera of Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 145, 17 - 26." type="journal article" year="2011">Little 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and this name has also been applied to the Irish population (Anonymous 2008;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FB29FE4BFA4AFE69" author="Fanning" box="[1212,1432,439,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Fanning, P., Baars, J. - R. &amp; Gaffney, M. T. (2009) The biology of the Eucalyptus leaf-beetle pest, Paropsisterna gloriosa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) and relevance to Eucalyptus industry in Ireland. Society of Irish Plant Pathologists autumn meeting. [unpublished conference proceedings, summary available from: http: // www. ucd. ie / bioenvsci / ourstaff / academic / baarsjanrobert / publications / (Accessed March 2013)" type="book chapter" year="2009">
Fanning
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA8BFE45FA9CFE76" box="[1310,1358,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FF02FE20FEE2FE52" author="Withers" box="[151,304,476,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Withers, T. (2011) Paropsis biological control agents had a white Christmas in Dublin. Forest Health News 212 (January 2011). Available from: http: // www. nzffa. org. nz / farm-forestry-model / the-essentials / forest-health-pests-and-diseases / Pests / Paropsis-charybdis / white-christmas-in-dublin / (Accessed March 2013)" type="journal article" year="2011">Withers 2011</bibRefCitation>
), although later corrected to ‘nr
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD01FE20FD23FE52" authority="Horgan 2011" authorityName="Horgan" authorityYear="2011" box="[660,753,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD01FE20FD23FE52" box="[660,753,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">gloriosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FC9CFE20FC72FE52" author="Horgan" box="[777,928,476,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Horgan, F. (2011) Outbreak of an invasive paropsine beetle in south-west Ireland: preference, performance and damage to Eucalyptus. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135, 621 - 633." type="journal article" year="2011">Horgan 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Our studies show that
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB3FFE21FAF3FE52" box="[1194,1313,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB3FFE21FAF3FE52" box="[1194,1313,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. gloriosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a morphological species complex, involving
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD06FDFDFC31FDB1" authority="Erichson, 1842" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1842" box="[659,995,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD06FDFDFCCEFDBE" box="[659,796,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FCBEFE03FC0EFDB1" author="Erichson" box="[811,988,511,535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Erichson, W. F. (1842) Beitrag zur fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die geograqphische Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 8 (1), 83 - 287." type="journal article" year="1842">Erichson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC65FDFDFA9DFDB1" authority="Blackburn, 1899" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1899" box="[1008,1359,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annularis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC65FDFDFBAAFDBE" box="[1008,1144,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. annularis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FB1DFE03FA95FDB1" author="Blackburn" box="[1160,1351,511,535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Blackburn, T. (1899) Revision of the genus Paropsis, part V. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 1899 (3), 482 - 521." type="journal article" year="1899">Blackburn, 1899</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FA12FDFDFE70FD9A" authority="Chapuis, 1877" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA12FDFDFF30FD9A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. debilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FF64FDD8FE4BFD9A" author="Chapuis" box="[241,409,548,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Chapuis, F. (1877) Synopsis des especies du genre Paropsis. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 20, 67 - 101." type="journal article" year="1877">Chapuis, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD19FDD9FD2DFD9A" box="[652,767,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD19FDD9FD2DFD9A" box="[652,767,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by linearly punctured elytral striae, black spots behind the eyes, either a discrete black median mark or no mark at the base of the head, and large golden elytral blotches in the living animals. The male genitalia of this species complex and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FCCEFD91FC1CFD22" box="[859,974,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCCEFD91FC1CFD22" box="[859,974,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar, but the penis of
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA9AFD91FAACFD22" box="[1295,1406,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. s e l m a n i</emphasis>
is larger, with short reflexed apex and narrowly folded apical margins, and is not strongly constricted towards the base in either lateral or dorsal view (compare
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133352A29FD09FD48FCC5FD6A" box="[668,791,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1938,1961]" captionTargetBox="[249,1319,225,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1353,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 13. Paropsisterna species, penis dorsal, apical edge &amp; lateral: 9, P. selmani, new species, Myrtleford, Tasmania; 10, P. g l o r i o s a (Blackburn, 1899), Black Springs, NSW; 11, P. nobilitata (Erichson, 1842), Strahan, Tasmania; 12, P. annularis (Blackburn, 1899), Canberra, ACT; 13, P. debilis (Chapuis, 1877), Nannup, WA. All drawn to same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218075/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Figs. 9–13</figureCitation>
). A further distinction is that most dead specimens of the
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02FD25FEF2FD56" box="[151,288,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02FD25FEF2FD56" box="[151,288,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex show some darker translucent patches on the elytral disc, whereas the elytral disc of dead
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF4CFD01FE9CFCB2" box="[217,334,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. s e l m a ni</emphasis>
is uniformly coloured. The distributions and hosts are also slightly different.
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB6BFD01FF26FC9E" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB6BFD01FF26FC9E" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna gloriosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread species on mainland
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FD55FCE3FCF8FC91" box="[704,810,799,823]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Australia</collectingCountry>
, from central Victoria to the Blue Mountains, NSW, collected from
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FED5FCB8FDC4FCFA" box="[320,534,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FED5FCB8FDC4FCFA" box="[320,534,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FDD9FCB9FCD5FCFA" box="[588,775,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polyanthemos">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FDD9FCB9FCD5FCFA" box="[588,775,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. polyanthemos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(label data in AMS), neither of which is recorded as a host of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF22FC95FEF9FC26" box="[183,299,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF22FC95FEF9FC26" box="[183,299,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below). Most of the photographs of
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC9DFC95FCC9FC26" box="[776,795,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P.</emphasis>
‘
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCBAFC94FC77FC26" box="[815,933,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">nobilitata’</emphasis>
posted on websites appear to belong to this species (
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF62FC71FE8EFC02" box="[247,348,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. obs</emphasis>
., CAMR).
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE4FFC71FD38FC02" box="[474,746,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annularis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE4FFC71FD38FC02" box="[474,746,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna annularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the Canberra region, with an unidentified host species of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FED0FC4CFE13FC6E" box="[325,449,944,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FED0FC4CFE13FC6E" box="[325,449,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The identification of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD2AFC4DFC9AFC6E" box="[703,840,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD2AFC4DFC9AFC6E" box="[703,840,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeding on plantation eucalypts at Crookwell, NSW, is almost certainly an error and may refer to either
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC92FC29FC41FC4A" box="[775,915,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annularis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC92FC29FC41FC4A" box="[775,915,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. annularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC51FC29FA4AFC4A" authority="Edwards &amp; Wanjura 1991" authorityName="Edwards &amp; Wanjura" authorityYear="1991" box="[964,1432,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC51FC29FB90FC4A" box="[964,1090,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. gloriosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FBC3FC28FA42FC4A" author="Edwards" box="[1110,1424,980,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Edwards, P. B. &amp; Wanjura, W. J. (1991) Physical attributes of eucalypt leaves and the host range of chrysomelid beetles. Symposia Biologica Hungarica, 39, 227 - 236." type="journal article" year="1991">Edwards &amp; Wanjura 1991</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02FC05FE7DFBB6" box="[151,431,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02FC05FE7DFBB6" box="[151,431,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna nobilitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably endemic to Tasmania where it has been collected on a wide variety of eucalypts in subgenera
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE09FBE0FD9FFB92" box="[412,589,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Symphyomyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE09FBE0FD9FFB92" box="[412,589,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Symphyomyrtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD11FBE0FCD3FB92" box="[644,769,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD11FBE0FCD3FB92" box="[644,769,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAC0B6D33352A29FC9DFBE1FC90FB92" box="[776,834,1053,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(label data in AMS, ANIC &amp; TMAG).
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB6BFBE1FF30FBFE" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB6BFBE1FF30FBFE" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to Western
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FE78FBC3FD86FBF1" box="[493,596,1087,1111]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Australia</collectingCountry>
where it has been collected feeding on
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB8FFBBCFB2CFBFE" box="[1050,1278,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globulus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB8FFBBCFB2CFBFE" box="[1050,1278,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus globulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(label data in AMS), a plantation species introduced from eastern
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FD7CFB98FC86FBDA" box="[745,852,1124,1148]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Gut analyses suggest
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FBC1FB99FB6EFBDA" box="[1108,1212,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FBC1FB99FB6EFBDA" box="[1108,1212,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. debilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeds on
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FAB9FB98FA4EFBDA" box="[1324,1436,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Corymbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FAB9FB98FA4EFBDA" box="[1324,1436,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Corymbia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FF63FB74FDC8FB06" author="Jurado-Rivera" box="[246,538,1160,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Jurado-Rivera, J. A., Vogler, A. P., Reid, C. A. M., Petitpierre, E. &amp; Gomez-Zurita, J. (2009). DNA bar-coding insect-host plant associations. Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B, 276 (1657), 639 - 648. Available from: http: // rspb. royalsocietypublishing. org / content / 276 / 1657 / 639. full (Accessed 5 June 2013) http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2008.1264" type="journal article" year="2009">
Jurado-Rivera
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE08FB75FE1DFB06" box="[413,463,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF1398F33352A26FF52FB51FEDFFF51" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A29FF52FB51FC0CF980" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF52FB51FE1AFB62" box="[199,456,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF52FB51FE1AFB62" box="[199,456,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be a Tasmanian endemic which has become established in
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FAB4FB50FAA6FB62" box="[1313,1396,1196,1220]" name="Ireland" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Ireland</collectingCountry>
. In Tasmania,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE84FB2DFE52FB41" box="[273,384,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. s e l m a n i</emphasis>
is widespread in the eastern and central parts of Tasmania (
<figureCitation id="7FD0768133352A29FBBEFB33FBADFB41" box="[1067,1151,1231,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1938,1961]" captionTargetBox="[249,1319,225,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1353,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 13. Paropsisterna species, penis dorsal, apical edge &amp; lateral: 9, P. selmani, new species, Myrtleford, Tasmania; 10, P. g l o r i o s a (Blackburn, 1899), Black Springs, NSW; 11, P. nobilitata (Erichson, 1842), Strahan, Tasmania; 12, P. annularis (Blackburn, 1899), Canberra, ACT; 13, P. debilis (Chapuis, 1877), Nannup, WA. All drawn to same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218075/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
: this map is based on the
<typeStatus id="3850D4A633352A29FF02FB08FF15FAAA" box="[151,199,1268,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
material plus field records by DWdL), dominated by dry eucalypt forest and woodland (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FB2AFB0FFF06FA88" author="Harris" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Harris, S. &amp; Kitchener, A. (2005) From Forest to Fjaeldmark: Descriptions of Tasmania's Vegetation. Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Printing Authority of Tasmania. Hobart, 432 pp." type="book" year="2005">Harris &amp; Kitchener 2005</bibRefCitation>
). It has been collected from the native Tasmanian species
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC18FAEAFB4CFA88" box="[909,1182,1302,1326]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brookeriana">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC18FAEAFB4CFA88" box="[909,1182,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus brookeriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB24FAEBFAA3FA88" ID-CoL="6H4ND" box="[1201,1393,1302,1326]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dalrympleana">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB24FAEBFAA3FA88" box="[1201,1393,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. dalrympleana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FA11FAEBFF30FAF4" ID-CoL="3BQG3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubida">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA11FAEBFF30FAF4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. rubida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE82FAC7FEAFFAF4" ID-CoL="3BPZX" box="[279,381,1339,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gunnii">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE82FAC7FEAFFAF4" box="[279,381,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. gunnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all of which are in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD5CFAC6FCA8FAF4" box="[713,890,1338,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Symphyomyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD5CFAC6FCA8FAF4" box="[713,890,1338,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Symphyomyrtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as the exotic plantation species
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FAAEFAC7FA4EFAF4" ID-CoL="3BQ97" box="[1339,1436,1339,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FAAEFAC7FA4EFAF4" box="[1339,1436,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. nitens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(all records
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE88FAA2FE51FAD3" box="[285,387,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. obs</emphasis>
. DWdL). Plantations of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD0CFAA2FD2EFAD3" ID-CoL="3BQ97" box="[665,764,1374,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD0CFAA2FD2EFAD3" box="[665,764,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. nitens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were developed throughout Tasmania in the mid 1980s and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02FA7EFEDBFA3F" box="[151,265,1409,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02FA7EFEDBFA3F" box="[151,265,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
became common and well-established in them from about 1992 (
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC7EFA7EFB82FA3F" box="[1003,1104,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. obs</emphasis>
. DWdL; J. Elek
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA99FA7EFAAAFA3F" box="[1292,1400,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. com</emphasis>
. to DWdL, 2013), having previously been collected rarely. In
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FCBEFA58FCAFFA1A" box="[811,893,1444,1468]" name="Ireland" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Ireland</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC1CFA59FC2AFA1A" box="[905,1016,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. s e l m a n i</emphasis>
has been recorded on
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FB6FFA59FA47FA1A" box="[1274,1429,1444,1468]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucesens">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB6FFA59FA47FA1A" box="[1274,1429,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. glaucesens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02FA35FEC4FA46" ID-CoL="3BPZ6" box="[151,278,1480,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globulus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02FA35FEC4FA46" box="[151,278,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. globulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FEB0FA35FDF8FA46" box="[293,554,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FEB0FA35FE5DFA46" ID-CoL="3BPZX" box="[293,399,1481,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gunnii">E. gunnii</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE0EFA35FDF8FA46" ID-CoL="3BQ3W" box="[411,554,1480,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="johnstonii">E. johnstonii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FDACFA35FD74FA46" ID-CoL="3BQ8B" box="[569,678,1481,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moorei">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FDACFA35FD74FA46" box="[569,678,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. moorei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD20FA35FCFBFA46" ID-CoL="3BQ92" box="[693,809,1480,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nicholii">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD20FA35FCFBFA46" box="[693,809,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. nicholii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FCADFA35FC49FA46" ID-CoL="3BQ97" box="[824,923,1481,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitens">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCADFA35FC49FA46" box="[824,923,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. nitens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC3CFA35FBF2FA46" ID-CoL="3BQBJ" box="[937,1056,1480,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC3CFA35FBF2FA46" box="[937,1056,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. parvula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FBBBFA35FB11FA46" ID-CoL="3BQBP" box="[1070,1219,1480,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauciflora">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FBBBFA35FB11FA46" box="[1070,1219,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. pauciflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB69FA34FAA7FA46" box="[1276,1397,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">niphophila</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FA11FA35FEDDF9A5" ID-CoL="3BQC4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perriniana">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FA11FA35FEDDF9A5" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. perriniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FEB2FA10FE0FF9A5" ID-CoL="6H6DT" box="[295,477,1515,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulverulenta">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FEB2FA10FE0FF9A5" box="[295,477,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. pulverulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE63FA10FD5EF9A5" ID-CoL="6H6FK" box="[502,652,1516,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE63FA10FD5EF9A5" box="[502,652,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. vernicosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD43FA10FCB5F9A5" ID-CoL="3BQMN" box="[726,871,1515,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viminalis">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD43FA10FCB5F9A5" box="[726,871,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">E. viminalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These host associations cut across proposed phylogenetic groups within
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE45F9F2FD9EF980" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[464,588,1550,1574]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE45F9F2FD9EF980" box="[464,588,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FDCEF9F2FD29F980" author="Brooker" box="[603,763,1550,1574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Brooker, M. I. H. (2000) A new classification of the genus Eucalyptus L'Her. (Myrtaceae). Australian Systematic Botany, 13, 79 - 148." type="journal article" year="2000">Brooker 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FC93F9F2FC00F980" author="Steane" box="[774,978,1550,1575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Steane, D. A., Nicolle, D., Sansaloni, C. P., Petroli, C. D., Carling, J., Kilian, A., Myburg, A. A., Grattapaglia, D., &amp; Vaillancourt, R. E. (2011) Population genetic analysis and phylogeny reconstruction in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) using high-throughput, genome-wide genotyping. Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution, 59, 206 - 224. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.02.003" type="journal article" year="2011">
Steane
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCC2F9ECFC5AF980" box="[855,904,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A29FF52F9CFFE52F8E4" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
In Tasmania, adult
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FE38F9CFFDF7F9EC" box="[429,549,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FE38F9CFFDF7F9EC" box="[429,549,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
beetles emerge from hibernation in spring, feed on foliage and mate, and oviposition continues through summer to early autumn (
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC83F9ABFCAEF9C8" box="[790,892,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. obs</emphasis>
., DWdL). Eggs are pale yellow and laid side to side in rafts of 5–15 on a leaf lamina. Larvae feed on foliage and when fully developed drop to the ground where pupation occurs in the soil under host trees. The larvae may be diagnostically coloured, as indicated by a study of
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02F93DFEE7F97E" box="[151,309,1729,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02F93DFEE7F97E" box="[151,309,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FE08F93CFDC4F97E" author="Reid" box="[413,534,1728,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Reid, C. A. M. (1983) A classification of first instar larvae of Chrysophtharta Weise and related genera (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Unpublished BSc Honours thesis, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Unpaginated (105 pages)." type="book" year="1983">Reid 1983</bibRefCitation>
, in which
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FD1EF93DFCC6F97E" box="[651,788,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD1EF93DFCC6F97E" box="[651,788,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is either
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FCEBF93DFC25F97E" box="[894,1015,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gloriosa">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCEBF93DFC25F97E" box="[894,1015,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. gloriosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB8BF93DFB70F97E" box="[1054,1186,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. a n n u l a r i s</emphasis>
). Pupae are unknown but unlikely to be distinguishable from related species of the
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FC0EF918FBFFF95D" box="[923,1069,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobilitata">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FC0EF918FBFFF95D" box="[923,1069,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. nobilitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FB7AF91FFE9AF8B9" author="Reid" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Reid, C. A. M. (1992 b) Descriptions of the pupae of nine genera of Australian paropsine Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 113 (4), 311 - 337." type="journal article" year="1992">
Reid 1992, as
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF02F8FBFE9AF8B9" box="[151,328,1799,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysophtharta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF02F8FBFE9AF8B9" box="[151,328,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Chrysophtharta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
). Teneral adults emerging in autumn feed prior to overwintering (J. Elek,
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FB02F8F4FACBF8B9" box="[1175,1305,1800,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">pers. comm</emphasis>
. to DWdL, 2013;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FF48F8D7FEA6F8E4" author="Horgan" box="[221,372,1834,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Horgan, F. (2011) Outbreak of an invasive paropsine beetle in south-west Ireland: preference, performance and damage to Eucalyptus. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135, 621 - 633." type="journal article" year="2011">Horgan 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7546A0433352A26FF52F8B3FEDFFF51" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,2036]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FF52F8B3FE16F8C0" box="[199,452,1870,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FF52F8B3FE16F8C0" box="[199,452,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a eucalypt plantation pest in both Tasmania and
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FB80F8B2FBB6F8C0" box="[1045,1124,1870,1894]" name="Ireland" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Ireland</collectingCountry>
where it causes significant leaf loss (de
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FEB1F88DFE73F82F" author="Little" box="[292,417,1905,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="De Little, D. W. (2011) A revised key and notes on the Tasmanian genera of Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 145, 17 - 26." type="journal article" year="2011">Little 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FE39F88EFD90F82F" author="Horgan" box="[428,578,1905,1930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Horgan, F. (2011) Outbreak of an invasive paropsine beetle in south-west Ireland: preference, performance and damage to Eucalyptus. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135, 621 - 633." type="journal article" year="2011">Horgan 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="20EB118733352A29FDC1F88EFC82F82F" box="[596,848,1905,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selmani">
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FDC1F88EFC82F82F" box="[596,848,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Paropsisterna selmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slowly spreading in
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FBC4F88DFB72F82F" box="[1105,1184,1905,1929]" name="Ireland" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Ireland</collectingCountry>
but at present remains confined to counties Kerry and Cork (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FDD2F868FD32F80A" author="Horgan" box="[583,736,1940,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Horgan, F. (2011) Outbreak of an invasive paropsine beetle in south-west Ireland: preference, performance and damage to Eucalyptus. Journal of Applied Entomology, 135, 621 - 633." type="journal article" year="2011">Horgan 2011</bibRefCitation>
). However, it has recently been photographed in London,
<collectingCountry id="9FFC2A9433352A29FAE1F869FA4EF80A" box="[1396,1436,1941,1964]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">UK</collectingCountry>
(Anonymous, 2012), where eucalypts are common garden trees. Based on behaviour of related species in exotic locations (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FE9EF827FE46F855" author="White" box="[267,404,2011,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="White, T. C. R. (1973) The establishment, spread and host range of Paropsis charybdis Stal (Chrysomelidae) in New Zealand. Pacific Insects, 15 (1), 59 - 66." type="journal article" year="1973">White 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FE35F827FD50F855" author="Tribe" box="[416,642,2011,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Tribe, G. D. &amp; Cillie, J. J. (1997) Biology of the Australian tortoise beetle Trachymela tincticollis (Blackburn) (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelini: Paropsina), a defoliator of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), in South Africa. African Entomology, 5 (1), 109 - 123." type="journal article" year="1997">Tribe &amp; Cillie 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F533352A29FD1AF827FC8AF855" author="Millar" box="[655,856,2011,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Millar, J. G., Paine, T. D., Bethke, J. A., Garrison, R. W., Campbell, K. A. &amp; Dreistadt, S. H. (2009) Pest notes: Eucalyptus tortoise beetles. University of California ANR Publication 74104. Available from: http: // www. ipm. ucdavis. edu / PMG / PESTNOTES / pn 74104. html (Accessed March 2013)" type="journal article" year="2009">
Millar
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FD49F821FCDFF852" box="[732,781,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
),
<emphasis id="D59FB61633352A29FCF9F821FC0EF852" box="[876,988,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">P. s el m a ni</emphasis>
can be expected to spread wherever its host eucalypts are growing within flight range. All stages are also easily transported and short stretches of sea may not be an effective barrier (
<bibRefCitation id="837A17F5333A2A26FE56FF47FD99FF75" author="White" box="[451,587,187,211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="403" refString="White, T. C. R. (1973) The establishment, spread and host range of Paropsis charybdis Stal (Chrysomelidae) in New Zealand. Pacific Insects, 15 (1), 59 - 66." type="journal article" year="1973">White 1973</bibRefCitation>
). The species poses a significant pest risk to the
<taxonomicName id="20EB1187333A2A26FBF6FF47FB0DFF75" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[1123,1247,187,211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="403" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D59FB616333A2A26FBF6FF47FB0DFF75" box="[1123,1247,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="403">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-based industries of Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink