352 lines
46 KiB
XML
352 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="283675CE3ED384DF430707B86B0306D6" ID-CLB-Dataset="29448" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1113cb35-3bdb-482b-babd-a58f7caea92c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1440225" ID-ZooBank="542D5E73-A1E6-421A-8C4B-72487FA4789B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538372179209" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis M. & Bridge, Tom C. L." docDate="2018" docId="03F087B8FFA12623E7BCFDAAF7C60EEA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4472.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4472 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parantipathes hirondelle MOLOdTSOVA 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="318" masterDocId="FFC9FFC0FFAB2628E72BFF8BF6020C6F" masterDocTitle="Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="326" masterPageNumber="307" pageNumber="317" updateTime="1698559056856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="098B18EA8BB91142F4881413323B270C">Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F11FC9BE8E391AE057593AE58EED2C89">Horowitz, Jeremy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="44A22D0CEB89DA0C665BCA0BCED2AEE2">Opresko, Dennis M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0B2A842E435BCA4E49350AAA9C87C28">Bridge, Tom C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4425A19627ECC9A0015F817B66225099">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0E5D21A1AB5F9BB15587AA89142EF79D">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9ABDC666D93A533C23C53D4E1E0339F2">2018-09-10</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F087B8FFA12623E7BCFDAAF7C60EEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5975718" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148421363" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5975718" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F087B8FFA12623E7BCFDAAF7C60EEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087B8FFA12623E7BCFDAAF7C60EEA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12622E7BCFDAAF7380E32" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7BCFDAAF4CE0E54" blockId="10.[151,716,545,605]" box="[151,716,545,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<heading id="D0AE81C2FFA12622E7BCFDAAF4CE0E54" bold="true" box="[151,716,545,571]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E7BCFDAAF4CE0E54" ID-CoL="4D6SY" authority="Molodtsova, 2006" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,716,545,571]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
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||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFDAAF4CE0E54" bold="true" box="[151,716,545,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFDAAF7420E54" bold="true" box="[151,320,545,571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Parantipathes</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E646FDAAF7EB0E54" bold="true" box="[365,489,545,571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">hirondelle</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E6DBFDAAF4CE0E54" box="[496,716,545,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9501" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter">Molodtsova, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7BCFDCFF7380E32" blockId="10.[151,716,545,605]" box="[151,314,580,605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E7B5FDCFF6EE0E33" box="[158,236,580,604]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[211,1380,226,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1402,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of collection sites for the specimens in this study and other locations globally where the same species have been collected; b, view of the Central and Eastern Indo-Pacific region; c, new black coral records from the Coral Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440227/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgS. 1</figureCitation>
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ANd
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E608FDCFF7330E32" box="[291,305,580,605]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12622E7BCFD07F5B60ECD" box="[151,948,652,674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7BCFD07F5B60ECD" blockId="10.[151,948,652,674]" box="[151,948,652,674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB491180FFA12622E7BCFD07F5B60ECD" box="[151,948,652,674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E7BCFD07F4940ECD" ID-CoL="4D6SY" authority="Molodtsova, (2006): 142" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityPageNumber="142" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,662,652,674]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFD07F7960ECD" box="[151,404,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Parantipathes hirondelle</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF810BFFFA12622E6B1FD07F4940ECD" author="" box="[410,662,652,674]" page="142" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E6B1FD07F4650ECD" box="[410,615,652,674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9501" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter">Molodtsova, (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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: 142
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–143 (complete synonymy).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12622E7BCFD45F3790E88" box="[151,1403,718,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7BCFD45F3790E88" blockId="10.[151,1437,718,2003]" box="[151,1403,718,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFD45F7800E88" bold="true" box="[151,386,718,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Material examined:</emphasis>
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MTQ MATeRIAL (PReSeRVed IN eTHYL ALCOHOL): G35429 ANd G62019 (STATION dATA IN
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<tableCitation id="C6DB0315FFA12622E232FD45F3680E88" box="[1305,1386,718,743]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Species identifications and station data for CIDARIS specimens." pageId="10" pageNumber="317">TAbLe 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12622E7ECFD79F7940FD0" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7ECFD79F7940FD0" blockId="10.[151,1437,718,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7ECFD79F4680F64" bold="true" box="[199,618,754,779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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Diagnosis (after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E6A7FD79F45E0F64" box="[396,604,754,779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9501" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter">Molodtsova 2006</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</emphasis>
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CORALLUM MONOPOdIAL OR VeRY SPARSeLY bRANCHed, PINNULATe. PINNULeS UP TO 2 CM IN LeNgTH, fORMINg dISTINCT bILATeRAL ANd ALTeRNATINg SeMISPIRAL gROUPS, WITH THRee TO fOUR PINNULeS PeR gROUP, 33 TO 40 PINNULeS (TOTAL fOR ALL gROUPS) PeR 1 CM. SPINeS SIMPLe, SMOOTH, ROUNded AT THe APeX, TRIANgULAR ANd COMPReSSed; 0.02 MM TO 0.06 MM TALL; ARRANged IN LONgITUdINAL ROWS, fOUR TO fIVe Of WHICH ARe VISIbLe IN LATeRAL VIeW, WITH SIX TO SeVeN SPINeS PeR 1 MM IN eACH ROW. POLYPS eLONgATed, 0.9 MM TO 1.7 MM IN TRANSVeRSe dIAMeTeR, WITH 6 TO 6.5 PeR 1 CM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12622E7ECFC41F52F09FC" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12622E7ECFC41F52F09FC" blockId="10.[151,1437,718,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7ECFC41F4AA0F8C" bold="true" box="[199,680,970,995]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Description of the CIDARIS Specimens:</emphasis>
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THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS ARe SIMILAR TO THe
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<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA12622E3B0FC40F2C90F8D" box="[1179,1227,971,994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">TYPe</typeStatus>
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Of
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E3DAFC40F37D0F8C" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[1265,1407,971,995]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E3DAFC40F37D0F8C" box="[1265,1407,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. hirondelle</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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IN bOTH THe deNSITY ANd ORIeNTATION Of PINNULeS WHeRe 38 PINNULeS (TOTAL fOR ALL gROUPS) CAN be COUNTed PeR 1 CM COMPARed WITH 33 TO 40 PeR 1 CM IN THe
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<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA12622E547FB98F4A20845" box="[620,672,1043,1066]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">TYPe</typeStatus>
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, ANd IN HAVINg, ON AVeRAge, SIX ROWS Of PINNULeS THAT fORM dISTINCT SeMISPIRAL ALTeRNATINg gROUPS (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E6D3FBBCF4980820" box="[504,666,1078,1103]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5A–5b</figureCitation>
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). THe NUMbeR Of PINNULeS PeR gROUP INCReASeS fROM ONe ANd TWO PINNULeS PeR gROUP (CORReSPONdINg TO A TOTAL Of THRee ROWS) bASALLY ON THe STeM TO THRee ANd fIVe PINNULeS PeR gROUP (TOTAL Of 8 ROWS) dISTALLY NeAR THe APeX. IN CONTRAST, THe
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<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA12622E43EFBF4F54708F9" box="[789,837,1151,1174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">TYPe</typeStatus>
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||
Of
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E444FBF4F5FD08F9" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[879,1023,1150,1174]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E444FBF4F57F08F9" box="[879,893,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4A6FBF5F5FD08F9" box="[909,1023,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">hirondelle</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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HAS NO MORe THAN fOUR PINNULeS PeR gROUP. THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS ARe LIke THe
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<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA12622E58BFB28F4D208D5" box="[672,720,1187,1210]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">TYPe</typeStatus>
|
||
Of
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<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E5D1FB28F58808D4" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[762,906,1187,1211]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
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<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E5D1FB28F58808D4" box="[762,906,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. hirondelle</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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bY ALSO HAVINg LONgeR POSTeRIOR PINNULeS THAN ANTeRIOR PINNULeS. FOR eXAMPLe, THe LeNgTH Of THe LONgeST POSTeRIOR PINNULeS fOR SPeCIMeNS G35429 ANd G62019 ARe ~2 CM ANd 0.5 CM, ANd THe MAXIMUM LeNgTH Of ANTeRIOR PINNULeS ARe ~1 CM ANd 0.3 CM, ReSPeCTIVeLY (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E209FB60F6EA0948" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgUReS 5A ANd 5C</figureCitation>
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). THe SPINeS Of THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS ARe SMOOTH, SIMPLe, TRIANgULAR, SOMeTIMeS INCLINed dISTALLY, WITH POLYPAR SPINe HeIgHTS beINg ~0.05 MM ANd AbPOLYPAR SPINe HeIgHTS beINg ~0.03 MM fROM MId-bASe TO TIP (
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<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E27BFAB8F6B40900" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5d</figureCitation>
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). THRee TO fOUR AXIAL ROWS Of SPINeS CAN be SeeN fROM ONe ASPeCT (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E489FADCF2110900" box="[930,1043,1366,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5d</figureCitation>
|
||
) WITH ~0.25 MM beTWeeN AdjACeNT SPINeS, ReSULTINg IN fIVe TO SIX SPINeS PeR 1 MM (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E586FAF0F52209FC" box="[685,800,1402,1427]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA12623E7ECFA15F4A50E77" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA12623E7ECFA15F5D60DBF" blockId="10.[151,1437,718,2003]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7ECFA15F73F09D8" bold="true" box="[199,317,1438,1463]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
CURReNTLY THeRe ARe NINe NOMINAL SPeCIeS IN THe geNUS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E4E7FA15F26909D9" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[972,1131,1438,1462]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4E7FA15F26909D9" box="[972,1131,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Parantipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E356FA14F2D109D9" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[1149,1235,1438,1462]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="larix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E356FA14F28909D9" box="[1149,1163,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E3B5FA15F2D109D9" box="[1182,1235,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">larix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E3CEFA14F36D09D8" box="[1253,1391,1439,1463]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9294" refString="Esper, E. J. C. (1790) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibunge, Vol. 2. Ntirnberg, 303 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118730" type="book">ESPeR 1790</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E2ACFA14F70D09B4" baseAuthorityName="Pourtalès" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E2ACFA14F39709D9" box="[1415,1429,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFA48F70D09B4" box="[151,271,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">tetrasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E630FA48F7CB09B4" box="[283,457,1474,1499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref10124" refString="Pourtales, L. F. (1868) Contributions to the fauna of the Gulf Stream at great depths. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, in Cambridge, 1 (7), 121 - 142." type="journal article">POURTALeS 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E6F5FA48F45E09B4" authorityName="van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" box="[478,604,1475,1499]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laricides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E6F5FA48F7EE09B5" box="[478,492,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E6D1FA48F45E09B4" box="[506,604,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">laricides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(VAN
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E5B7FA48F51709B4" box="[668,789,1475,1499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref10030" refString="Pesch, A. J. van. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie Monographe, 17, 1 - 258." type="journal article">PeSH 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E403FA48F59C09B4" baseAuthorityName="Pasternak" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[808,926,1475,1499]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="euantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E403FA48F53409B5" box="[808,822,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E46FFA48F59C09B4" box="[836,926,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">euantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E480FA49F25C09B4" box="[939,1118,1474,1499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9862" refString="Pasternak, F. A. (1958) Die Tiefsee Antipatharien des Kurilen-Kamchatka Grabens. Transactions of the P. P. Shirshov Institte of Oceanology, 27, 180 - 191." type="journal article">PASTeRNAk 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E358FA48F2CD09B4" authorityName="Pasternak" authorityYear="1977" box="[1139,1231,1475,1499]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wolffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E358FA48F28309B5" box="[1139,1153,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E3A4FA48F2CD09B4" box="[1167,1231,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">wolffi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E3F0FA49F38D09B4" box="[1243,1423,1474,1499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9896" refString="Pasternak, F. A. (1977) Antipatharia. Galathea Report, 14, 157 - 164." type="journal article">PASTeRNAk 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E7BCFA6CF7380991" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,314,1510,1534]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E7BCFA6CF7380991" box="[151,314,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E662FA6DF7EC0990" box="[329,494,1510,1535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9694" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1998) Three new species of Leiopathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from Southern Australia. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31 (1), 99 - 111." type="journal article">OPReSkO 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E528FA6CF4900991" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[515,658,1510,1534]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E528FA6CF4130991" box="[515,529,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E50BFA6DF4900991" box="[544,658,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E5B4FA6DF56F0990" box="[671,877,1510,1535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9501" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter">MOLOdTSOVA 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E4AAFA6CF2300991" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[897,1074,1510,1534]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4AAFA6CF58D0991" box="[897,911,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4B5FA6DF2300991" box="[926,1074,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E36BFA6DF2E40990" box="[1088,1254,1510,1535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9809" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2015) New species of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from New Zealand and adjacent regions. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 42 (3), 145 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2015.1051550" type="journal article">OPReSkO 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E201FA6CF3990991" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[1322,1435,1510,1534]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E201FA6CF33A0991" box="[1322,1336,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E26CFA6DF3990991" box="[1351,1435,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E7B6F981F7480A4C" box="[157,330,1546,1571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9809" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2015) New species of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from New Zealand and adjacent regions. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 42 (3), 145 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2015.1051550" type="journal article">OPReSkO 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). THe TAXONOMIC CHARACTeRS Of THe fIRST SeVeN SPeCIeS HAVe beeN THOROUgHLY SUMMARIzed bY
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E7BCF9A5F7730A28" box="[151,369,1582,1607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9501" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter">MOLOdTSOVA (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, ANd THe LAST TWO HAVe beeN deSCRIbed ANd COMPARed TO THe fORMeR bY
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC84B5FFFA12622E3A8F9A5F3350A28" box="[1155,1335,1582,1607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" refId="ref9809" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2015) New species of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from New Zealand and adjacent regions. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 42 (3), 145 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2015.1051550" type="journal article">OPReSkO (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. G35429 ANd G62019 HAVe PINNULeS THAT fORM dISTINCT SeMISPIRAL gROUPS WITH THeIR LONgeST PINNULeS beINg 2 CM ANd 0.5 CM, ReSPeCTIVeLY. THe LONgeST PINNULe LeNgTH IS ReLATIVeLY SMALL fOR
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E477F9FDF5F90AE1" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[860,1019,1654,1678]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E477F9FDF5F90AE1" box="[860,1019,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">Parantipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
SPP., bUT COULd POTeNTIALLY be ANY Of THe NINe SPeCIeS eXCePT fOR
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E6E0F910F41E0ADC" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[459,540,1691,1715]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="larix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E6E0F910F7DB0ADD" box="[459,473,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E6CCF910F41E0ADC" box="[487,540,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">larix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E57FF910F4EB0ADC" baseAuthorityName="Pourtalès" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[596,745,1691,1715]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetrasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E57FF910F4600ADD" box="[596,610,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E55AF910F4EB0ADC" box="[625,745,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">tetrasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, WHICH HAVe MUCH LARgeR MAXIMUM PINNULe LeNgTHS (6 CM TO 12 CM ANd 4 CM, ReSPeCTIVeLY). HOWeVeR, THe RATIO Of THe LONgeR POSTeRIOR PINNULeS COMPARed TO ANTeRIOR PINNULeS IS SIMILAR TO
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E627F968F7A30A94" box="[268,417,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E627F968F79F0A94" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[268,413,1763,1787]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">P. hirondelle</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ANd WHeN CONSIdeRINg PINNULe ARRANgeMeNT, THe ReMAININg PINNULe CHARACTeRISTICS fIT beST WITH THe deSCRIPTION Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E6B5F88CF42B0B71" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[414,553,1798,1822]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E6B5F88CF42B0B71" box="[414,553,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS fORM dISTINCT SeMI SPIRAL gROUPS THAT dO NOT ARISe fROM THe SAMe POINT fOR A gIVeN gROUP
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFA12622E5AAF8A0F49A0B2C" box="[641,664,1835,1859]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
WITH
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E5FCF8A0F5530B2C" authorityName="van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" box="[727,849,1835,1859]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laricides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E5FCF8A0F5530B2C" box="[727,849,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. laricides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E4A0F8A0F5DC0B2C" box="[907,990,1835,1859]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wolfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4A0F8A0F5DC0B2C" box="[907,990,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. wolfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. FIVe TO SIX SPINeS CAN be COUNTed PeR 1 MM (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E7E4F8C4F73C0B08" box="[207,318,1870,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
) ANd THRee TO fOUR ROWS Of SPINeS CAN be COUNTed fROM ONe ASPeCT (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA12622E336F8C4F28C0B08" box="[1053,1166,1870,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1407,1429]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1386]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,697,1386]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Parantipathes cf. hirondelle: a, G62019, side-view showing pinnule density along the stem; b, G35429, section of corallum showing pinnule orientation and density; c, G35429, cross-sectional view of the pinnules; d, G35429, spines on a section of pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440235/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">FIgURe 5d</figureCitation>
|
||
), WHICH fALLS beTWeeN
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E2ACF8C4F70B0BE4" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E2ACF8C4F70B0BE4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6 TO 7 SPINeS PeR 1 MM ANd fOUR TO fIVe ROWS Of SPINeS PeR ONe ASPeCT) ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E3A1F8F8F32E0BE4" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[1162,1324,1907,1931]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E3A1F8F8F32E0BE4" box="[1162,1324,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P. helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 TO 3.5 SPINeS PeR 1 MM ANd 3 TO 4 ROWS Of SPINeS PeR ONe ASPeCT). HOWeVeR,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA12622E4F2F81CF2820BC1" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[985,1152,1942,1966]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="10" pageNumber="317" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4F2F81CF5E50BC1" box="[985,999,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA12622E4D2F81DF2820BC1" box="[1017,1152,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="317">helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
IS RePORTed TO HAVe ~25 PINNULeS PeR 1 CM (COUNTINg PINNULeS AROUNd THe STeM) WHILe THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS HAVe ~38 PINNULeS, LIke THe
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA02623E7BCFF13F6C50CC0" box="[151,199,152,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">TYPe</typeStatus>
|
||
Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E7C7FF12F77A0CDF" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[236,376,152,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E7C7FF12F77A0CDF" box="[236,376,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(33-40 PINNULeS PeR 1 CM). THe SPINeS IN THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS RANge fROM 0.03 MM TO 0.05 MM IN HeIgHT fROM MId-bASe TO TIP (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA02623E506FF37F4A30CBA" box="[557,673,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,735,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Schizopthes affinis: a, G61837, anterolateral view of corallum showing pinnule density, triangular corallum shape, and curved hook at basal end b, G61978, spines on a pinnule shows bifucation of some polypar spines (seen on left side of image) and larger polypar spines than abpolypar spines; c, G61837, spine on a section of a pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440237/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">FIgURe 6d</figureCitation>
|
||
), WHICH fITS WITH
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E443FF36F5F50CBB" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[872,1015,188,212]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E443FF36F5740CBB" box="[872,886,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E4AEFF37F5F50CBB" box="[901,1015,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.02 MM TO 0.06 MM) ANd eXCLUdeS THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS fROM beINg
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E511FF6AF4E80C97" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[570,746,224,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E511FF6AF4E80C97" box="[570,746,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ANd
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E409FF6AF5C70C97" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="1999" box="[802,965,224,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="helicosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E409FF6AF5C70C97" box="[802,965,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. helicosticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe THe LATTeR TWO HAVe SPINe HeIgHTS
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFA02623E7BCFE8FF6AC0D73" box="[151,174,260,284]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
LARge
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFA02623E7D5FE8FF7170D73" box="[254,277,260,284]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.18 MM ANd 0.22 MM, ReSPeCTIVeLY. AddITIONALLY, THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS ARe UNLIkeLY TO be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E2ACFE8EF7290D2F" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E2ACFE8EF7290D2F" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E6B9FEA2F4430D2F" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[402,577,296,320]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E6B9FEA2F4430D2F" box="[402,577,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS AbOUT TWICe THe NUMbeR Of PINNULe ROWS
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFA02623E317FEA3F2510D2F" box="[1084,1107,296,320]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS (12 IN
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E79CFEC6F7680D0B" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[183,362,332,356]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E79CFEC6F7680D0B" box="[183,362,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
COMPARed TO SIX IN THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS), ANd A HIgHeR AVeRAge NUMbeR Of PINNULeS PeR gROUP (fIVe TO SIX PINNULeS PeR gROUP IN
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E552FEFAF52F0DE7" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[633,813,368,392]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dodecasticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E552FEFAF52F0DE7" box="[633,813,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. dodecasticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
COMPARed TO THRee TO fOUR PINNULeS PeR gROUP IN THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS). LASTLY, THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS ARe UNLIke THe
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2880CFFA02623E4F7FE1EF20E0DC3" box="[988,1036,405,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">TYPe</typeStatus>
|
||
Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E316FE1EF2B10DC3" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[1085,1203,404,428]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E316FE1EF2B10DC3" box="[1085,1203,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beCAUSe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E20DFE1EF39A0DC3" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2015" box="[1318,1432,404,428]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E20DFE1EF39A0DC3" box="[1318,1432,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">P. robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
CHARACTeRISTICALLY HAS fORked SPINeS NOT fOUNd IN THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA02623E7ECFE57F4A50E77" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">POLYPS ARe NOT PReSeNT ON eITHeR Of THe CIDARIS SPeCIMeNS, THeRefORe, We CANNOT COMPARe POLYP SIze ANd deNSITY WITH THeSe feATUReS IN THe OTHeR SPeCIeS.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3436525FFA02623E7ECFDAFF7C60EEA" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE636AEFFA02623E7ECFDAFF7C60EEA" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E7ECFDAFF7600E52" bold="true" box="[199,354,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C594D2DFFA02623E642FDAFF4820E53" authorityName="MOLOdTSOVA" authorityYear="2006" box="[361,640,548,572]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hirondelle">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92DEABCFFA02623E642FDAFF4820E53" box="[361,640,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">Parantipathes hirondelle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HAS beeN RePORTed fROM THe NORTH ATLANTIC OCeAN fROM dePTHS Of 305 M TO 1,401 M, ANd THIS STUdY POTeNTIALLY eXPANdS THe dISTRIbUTION TO THe CORAL SeA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E763EFFA02623E36FFDC3F2A90E0F" box="[1092,1195,584,608]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13622A2BFFA02623E390FDC3F32D0E0F" box="[1211,1327,584,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[211,1380,226,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[183,1402,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Map of collection sites for the specimens in this study and other locations globally where the same species have been collected; b, view of the Central and Eastern Indo-Pacific region; c, new black coral records from the Coral Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1440227/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="318">FIgURe 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
), A RANge eXPANSION Of> 15,000 kM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |