527 lines
47 KiB
XML
527 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="253065243C380795EC78B886D1C0B8D6">Communicator whistles: A Trek through the taxonomy of the Boophis marojezensis complex reveals seven new, morphologically cryptic treefrogs from Madagascar (Amphibia: Anura: Mantellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="367D3BFBC69D84176189E4F3FEB26FCE">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8345A37B6F59B50F0F16BFE8308B8CFF">Zoologisches Institut, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="204C84B285B1A5C730AEE2CAB2E23B37">Köhler, Jörn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="99563F447E2594BDB639041A105A2D80">Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="37CF643C5088D536E9AAE2294500005E">Hutter, Carl R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83921C5C5A0B704E59B29C023A3719F0">Museum of Natural Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0154DA65D1F758034D4C5473236ABBF7">Preick, Michaela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B80EA9085999B62A94CA2D499515492">Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24 - 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="614C4BCF3A1F72EE43528218840BF442">Petzold, Alice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B2BAF16B270045AE3CB38C051D358F6B">Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24 - 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6A441C8E72E70291290CC2E5900CFE36">Rakotoarison, Andolalao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F10C4EBB1008879377E6D24DF4BED5F8">Mention Environnement, Université de l’Itasy, Faliarivo Ambohidanerana, 118 Soavinandriana Itasy, Madagascar & School for International Training, VN 41 A Bis Ankazolava Ambohitsoa, Antananarivo, 101 Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="38326F8B13EED08E2E82E35D5238E152">Ratsoavina, Fanomezana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1EFC017EB846057C439DD4B3CAF1D5E4" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1661-1669</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="FCD412E24A7C0C074B3D1CA4A0B0C68D">Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo, 101 Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9017F5AB24EA0811E933520A67196D14">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74C2E5E5F8097AEFB608344C9D15AE54">Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 München, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3AF0F7B6FD816CC3836DEFE4ADC0530E">Scherz, Mark D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81EB2047948E06D732BC66D4A0411AF3">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="53050609D18F37192F349EAB784C58A6">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6C76DEFFA65975EBB0D7FA61FDF8F98E">
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<mods:date id="C92B829EE9E7C11373B92F2AAE92B4D5">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1B88A305B94C10F5FCC6D265E3DCB312">2024-10-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FA81F906B8EDB90CC3BBE84FFB1DF376">74</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="11BBBC9C8D698351A4FCC0BB2AA3C42E" type="DOI">10.3897/vz.74.e121110</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="32652D4A419A2E30AC755A59F9BBE34E" type="ZooBank">0228B083-CB4C-4DE3-8332-58DD834E7AC2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CE46A5926D5453FDA6C4E36E70517C10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13919351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13919351" ID-arpha="CE46A592-6D54-53FD-A6C4-E36E70517C10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE46A5926D5453FDA6C4E36E70517C10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE46A5926D5453FDA6C4E36E70517C10">
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<subSubSection id="ABB968A77186F5C8E46AE78864BAD602" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DDD17BAB4A235C9FEDF043E5E0FD2E7D">
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<taxonomicName id="C181022BB558D1D18174241751DD9008" ID-CoL="MHTY" authority="Glaw & Vences, 1994" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
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<emphasis id="7B06233C92F36E3AC79EE1034EC1B9B9" italics="true">Boophis marojezensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="1431519DD5CEC001DD30DF54A6C4065C" author="Glaw F & Vences M" journalOrPublisher="Vences and Glaw Verlags GbR, Cologne" refId="B32" refString="Glaw F, Vences M (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences and Glaw Verlags GbR, Cologne, 478 pp." title="A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar." year="1994">Glaw & Vences, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D21ED9A3BB0D9F85F29061A25F7CE03A" type="description">
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<paragraph id="44BD111AE541A76835C4738EEEC033EE">
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<figureCitation id="E806209AC656C0F086142B710E5DE64A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 6. Preserved holotypes in dorsal and ventral views of the eight nominal species in the Boophis marojezensis complex described in this study." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e121110.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1151254">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BB4C41ACE21F7BD9F38300A24C839D94" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 7. Individuals of Boophis marojezensis in life. A Male holotype (ZFMK 57401) from Marojejy (low elevation). B Male paratype (ZSM 567 / 1999, previously ZFMK 57402). C Individual from Masoala probably assignable to this species (not sequenced). D Male from Masoala (ZSM 250 / 2016, FGZC 5439)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e121110.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1151255">7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ETNDI" type="Identity">
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<paragraph id="5A8C0D794CC3525A64884F79A191C331">
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<heading id="2F489A98ECDA55BAB97A488CA72849B1" reason="title">Identity.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="99E2C5B61DCC742385BE6EF4BC443891">
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This species was discovered and scientifically named by
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<bibRefCitation id="2A00012C23923D9B2BD5E15511F679C9" author="Glaw F & Vences M" firstAuthor="Glaw" journalOrPublisher="Vences and Glaw Verlags GbR, Cologne" refId="B32" refString="Glaw F, Vences M (1994) A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences and Glaw Verlags GbR, Cologne, 478 pp." title="A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar." year="1994">Glaw and Vences (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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based on a
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<typeStatus id="6AFEB54EC3BF22121CBD0E320BC4BC7D" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen collected at low elevations in the Marojejy Massif. No vouchered call recording referring to the name-bearing type (
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<typeStatus id="ADA79DE69AAAD619EAA79BE1B82E85B5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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) had been recorded, and no DNA sequence was so far available from this specimen. Calls heard from near the type locality consisted of short and long notes whereas populations of the
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<taxonomicName id="37DE18E19BC44ECFE21B8A5EE156D8BA" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
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<emphasis id="F0435D783536BD77E394ABA8DF2C5DBC" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex from higher elevations in Marojejy emitted calls with a greater number of very short notes only. We here provide a
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<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIODI" xlink_title="16S rRNA gene">16 S</abbrev>
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sequence of the type obtained via archival DNA extraction and Illumina shotgun sequences which confirms that the name
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<taxonomicName id="CD54AEF056AB1B00A460278AD8D846E1" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
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<emphasis id="4A24B97A573F029C115E02E9AB6EE096" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is to be assigned to the lineage found in Marojejy at low elevation as well as in a few other sites in northern
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<collectingCountry id="11A1F2B58116DED953EFE6D02D25772E" name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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(lineage F), characterized by advertisement calls containing two different note types (long and short).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="11B605279AE1490A0B47CA1BAD23933C" ID-DOI="10.3897/vz.74.e121110.figure6" ID-arpha="CA8B80DA-063E-59CF-8242-345B85A254D6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1151254" startId="F7">
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<paragraph id="0C490960FE9FF279E167AE013FF1258D">
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<label id="4EE38914279F78056085AC75ECB30A1C">Figure 6.</label>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0EB42EAD358DD051AA3566CC86D1B97D">
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Preserved holotypes in dorsal and ventral views of the eight nominal species in the
|
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<taxonomicName id="2526701F86D10EA5E42B16474B1108C7" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
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<emphasis id="1E0AEC9DDC8547244294E17331C08CDC" italics="true">Boophis marojezensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex described in this study.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9314AF70A9EEF26DABABD4926513AF33">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15D707F60620B2C062D575D2A1E9916E" DOI="10.1073/pnas.0810821106" author="Vieites DR & Wollenberg KC & Andreone F & Köhler J & Glaw F & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vieites" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA" pagination="8267-8272" refId="B95" refString="Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F, Köhler J, Glaw F, Vences M (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106: 8267–8272. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810821106" title="Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory." volume="106" year="2009">Vieites et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="DA3B53FBAF1093B2C4E5BFC8E96DC57C" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00002942" author="Perl RGB & Nagy ZT & Sonet G & Glaw F & Wollenberg KC & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perl" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="197-206" refId="B64" refString="Perl RGB, Nagy ZT, Sonet G, Glaw F, Wollenberg KC, Vences M (2014) DNA barcoding Madagascar’s amphibian fauna. Amphibia - Reptilia 35: 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002942" title="DNA barcoding Madagascar’s amphibian fauna." volume="35" year="2014">Perl et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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used the specimen
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<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZPDI" xlink_title="field numbers of F. Glaw and M. Vences">FGZC</abbrev>
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2857 as their reference individual for
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<taxonomicName id="7C819BC72ECA71D1A38F767A1E8513F7" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
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<emphasis id="40807078716E56F8B732C410D03DDD4D" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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. That individual belongs to a different lineage, the one we refer to here as lineage C, which was referred to as
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<emphasis id="74FA7A7B5C1A62BA08E94622F3F11A34" italics="true">B.</emphasis>
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sp. Ca 53 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF73459C9707F191D6841DC3EB97EA29" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" author="Randrianiaina R-D & Strauß A & Glos J & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Randrianiaina" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="59-124" refId="B70" refString="Randrianiaina R-D, Strauß A, Glos J, Vences M (2012) Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology. ZooKeys 178: 59–124. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" title="Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology." volume="178" year="2012">Randrianiaina et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on specimens from Tsaratanana Strict Nature Reserve. A second specimen,
|
||
<specimenCode id="E8CED54613DE106AC1A25980F5985F7F">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETQDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">
|
||
<collectionCode id="15B37EF72119630850AF0B6683FD4194" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
326 / 2000
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
from Vohidrazana, included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9AC032108E8FF5045FAEEB7640E2FB9" DOI="10.1073/pnas.0810821106" author="Vieites DR & Wollenberg KC & Andreone F & Köhler J & Glaw F & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vieites" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA" pagination="8267-8272" refId="B95" refString="Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F, Köhler J, Glaw F, Vences M (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106: 8267–8272. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810821106" title="Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory." volume="106" year="2009">Vieites et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as a deep conspecific lineage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62EAD46A5231EBFB87EA3DBD18183B3E" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF61A5DBCA057083C1BCF172FBC89AB" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is shown by our trees to belong to lineage D. The true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="246B9B486142870C1AA1589D7F21F9C2" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2A816729EDC9731FEE6F6D0EFEED1FC2" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="BC67CC50D1EB5D71DA8682F831C906D6" italics="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 25 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC09B5E6BEECEFC787FB60C45F434623" DOI="10.1073/pnas.0810821106" author="Vieites DR & Wollenberg KC & Andreone F & Köhler J & Glaw F & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vieites" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA" pagination="8267-8272" refId="B95" refString="Vieites DR, Wollenberg KC, Andreone F, Köhler J, Glaw F, Vences M (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106: 8267–8272. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810821106" title="Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory." volume="106" year="2009">Vieites et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D61BD4A673601702071BB4D510A70401" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" author="Randrianiaina R-D & Strauß A & Glos J & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Randrianiaina" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="59-124" refId="B70" refString="Randrianiaina R-D, Strauß A, Glos J, Vences M (2012) Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology. ZooKeys 178: 59–124. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" title="Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology." volume="178" year="2012">Randrianiaina et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, herein corresponding to lineage F.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="483BB9AA3A65CD4E23E27B5E40032BCE" ID-DOI="10.3897/vz.74.e121110.figure7" ID-arpha="4508F9B4-7653-5AB2-9357-6000310279AD" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1151255" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="7A5DE6AF1D1DE3C1B0D89C72DD9F6C50">
|
||
<label id="F8A406D919706C60F505410A587CFD8D">Figure 7.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A65F063F942D1852269EFF9EAD0396ED">
|
||
Individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E6B6A2DFF692A9A71BB31A945D2B3F7" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D04605903660DF0AB8825BDADE96A8CB" italics="true">Boophis marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life.
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE7897748D26C88C811C95720D071C3" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
Male holotype (
|
||
<specimenCode id="BBAC56CE73A9F4F453C6B539FB7153CA">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVSDI" xlink_title="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig">ZFMK</abbrev>
|
||
57401
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
) from Marojejy (low elevation).
|
||
<emphasis id="ABE45BAF784FCA5FDE970FA3D0A19A84" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
Male paratype (
|
||
<specimenCode id="851A8849A2739B1BE575CFB6EAC9AE8D">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2SDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">ZSM</abbrev>
|
||
567 / 1999
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, previously
|
||
<specimenCode id="0EC224E1DBFECFE16CFCDAD8C1A28D1C">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6SDI" xlink_title="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig">ZFMK</abbrev>
|
||
57402
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="E944CC1007BD96846E46F3FFF2B44EB7" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
Individual from Masoala probably assignable to this species (not sequenced).
|
||
<emphasis id="15451F4A0F3D5A56955B111856D645E6" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
Male from Masoala (
|
||
<specimenCode id="84620F8360BEBAB98B7829B03ADD5886">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHTDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">ZSM</abbrev>
|
||
250 / 2016
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELTDI" xlink_title="field numbers of F. Glaw and M. Vences">FGZC</abbrev>
|
||
5439).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUTDI" type="Holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC2F886E4D5F1EF3811E7FAE715FE751">
|
||
<heading id="9A399D668A2BE99E53A5DE7444183855" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="713AF9B71711AB5BEF435F9B28A2532F" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DCE7F3649373CEC89F22E77B77BDD58F">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0195CD6DBDD8DB9243BF393A12A7ECE3" collectionCode="ZFMK" specimenCode="ZFMK 57401" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="657CFD0180D1F07759DFAF923B2EF252" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1TDI" xlink_title="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig">ZFMK</abbrev>
|
||
57401
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, by original designation. Type locality: “ the Marojezy massif at low altitude, NE-Madagascar ”. A partial
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5TDI" xlink_title="16S rRNA gene">16 S</abbrev>
|
||
sequence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="09D88EC61AE101807BFD7EA517FE26F2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is available from GenBank under accession number
|
||
<ext-link id="0ED237BF0337B2C8F5974CFBADACDB99" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ278105" xlink_type="simple">PQ 278105</ext-link>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHUDI" type="Paratypes">
|
||
<paragraph id="48EB1F0063F8F64849028CC6E51CBA76">
|
||
<heading id="AD50624E4CCD883720D023D00C56A949" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5B64338F97A0DAADEC659046FCC4E023" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F7E62DF421BB6C50DF38A2497E9E0AC5">
|
||
<specimenCount id="B513E4EAE6E00FE732FADD98BE5DFDEB" count="1" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">One paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="5E03242CA4D1A00298CFB82A3BA83575">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENUDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">
|
||
<collectionCode id="6EA033A63AC01ED014B73753202C038F" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
567 / 1999
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(previously
|
||
<specimenCode id="79AF4117545BF34BB81E22C8F06CE99F">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERUDI" xlink_title="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig">
|
||
<collectionCode id="1FDADA4B6477D57076186DC9D683555D" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
57402
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="8D906A90F045F1F0FF5E64816678F3F6" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||
, with same collection data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="93E8E261CCD2D14915AC0642FCE001D6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVUDI" type="material">
|
||
<paragraph id="8896E2E5385F8DF6C87B84ABA37149D9">
|
||
<heading id="1FB914264AF01AD5988452BB8C648B5F" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7767753C3A1F42A6117D648C39A925">
|
||
In addition to the type material, we examined
|
||
<materialsCitation id="27130CDF185B36CB0A147C0253F496D3" collectingDate="2022-03-24" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="J. M. Rafanoharana & H. Raherinjatovo & F. Glaw at Analanjirofo" elevation="410" latitude="-15.19917" location="Makira Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.62083" municipality="Simpona Lodge" specimenCode="ZSM 208 / 2022" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="810A151F518543410A19AC01D2063713">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2UDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">ZSM</abbrev>
|
||
208 / 2022
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6UDI" xlink_title="field numbers of F. Glaw and M. Vences">FGZC</abbrev>
|
||
6510), probably an
|
||
<specimenCount id="662BD5121F83CE8EE0614D46BFFF742A" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="479FB1C0289B939C8B8D9CA2FDA7F12A" value="2022-03-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9097833B62E9C3B6DF2A53EB176489B4" value="2022-03-24">24 March 2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="7C199F2731AA90B6C5A344F9170C735F">J. M. Rafanoharana</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="1FAD794B0EE6A7543B3D02DDD4382DBD">H. Raherinjatovo</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26128EB7612D30C38A79D7F63AEE3559">F. Glaw at Analanjirofo</collectorName>
|
||
(near
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="4C79C1D2D7BDD3FADD0EF649312F03CE">Simpona Lodge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="A7A0817576BAA0265B862936CB2B2E1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE46A5926D5453FDA6C4E36E70517C10:A7A0817576BAA0265B862936CB2B2E1B" latitude="-15.19917" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.62083" municipality="Simpona Lodge" name="Makira Reserve">Makira Reserve</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGVDI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[49.620830,-15.199170]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BCD602FC713E5F795A5EBB07A0E8F6DE" degrees="15.19917" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.19917">15.19917 ° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2DF2EAC0A55E69E7488706091DAE67A4" degrees="49.62083" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.62083">49.62083 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="C8262249F1519836BBD251BCF41C7381" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="m" value="410.0">
|
||
<elevation id="5790F217A9552389BBC8D16E1CCD9A1C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="m" value="410.0">410 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
a. s. l.)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; and
|
||
<materialsCitation id="04C9DE64B3352C1A794CA2F0E3841D38" collectingDate="2016-08-12" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="F. Glaw & D. Protzel & J. Forster & K. Glaw & T. Glaw at Masoala" elevation="21" latitude="-15.7122" location="Eco-Lodge chez Arol" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="49.964" specimenCode="ZSM 250 / 2016" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="3ED1AB1E198048997C123CDCC7440406">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELVDI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">ZSM</abbrev>
|
||
250 / 2016
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPVDI" xlink_title="field numbers of F. Glaw and M. Vences">FGZC</abbrev>
|
||
5439),
|
||
<specimenCount id="A6F1D3258690F67C54878F98477A643A" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||
, collected on
|
||
<date id="0D6A6FEE891508D19B40907DC04FA219" value="2016-08-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="73F4E204A437603A93E575FDEA4B292A" value="2016-08-12">12 August 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="B5E9D79F2E3390FC284701DD55A768F8">F. Glaw</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="842D552B37D2E0E54923E52C3F0796BC">D. Prötzel</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2A950192B82C095C926B0D0F0741AB52">J. Forster</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A9989D5D27D764523C1D18D4789AB2AF">K. Glaw</collectorName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectorName id="31912F58ECBD317910646DDB443CF169">T. Glaw at Masoala</collectorName>
|
||
, around the “
|
||
<location id="F6EDA6FCC08F775E39304D089F090F96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE46A5926D5453FDA6C4E36E70517C10:F6EDA6FCC08F775E39304D089F090F96" latitude="-15.7122" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="49.964" name="Eco-Lodge chez Arol">Eco-Lodge chez Arol</location>
|
||
” (ca.
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWVDI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[49.964000,-15.712200]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FC35286B79CECD72290B462C294A2EBE" degrees="15.7122" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-15.7122">15.7122 ° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="014ADC88889078BBBA724A9C4A039985" degrees="49.9640" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.964">49.9640 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="CDAD3FBA2BF86033C0BB36450DAC2148" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="m" value="21.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0D54CA224AA77D44C899F13E69CB30F8" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="m" value="21.0">21 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
a. s. l.)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2VDI" type="Definition">
|
||
<paragraph id="E693D1D2FCF5F471A312608F4215ABDC">
|
||
<heading id="EB3B16B6F17EE99410C87A13279B9AED" reason="title">Definition.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3C828FD5CA769B9925861437A1EF2B6">
|
||
A small treefrog assigned to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC931F0EA1E50FD9071664760C57C3EB" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A3FCAA991705B146CCF2B614E2FCB71" italics="true">Boophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84E3EEAD1ECC522BAFE3503C124F41E0" italics="true">
|
||
subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="622DF94AF0689BB03305E4E6DFF41D6E" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Boophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BABE24DACABF82AFAFACB311266DE555" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mantellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on its occurrence on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="48323B6AAA12417BF5C96E8923EEC4D1" name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, presence of intercalary element between ultimate and penultimate phalanx of fingers and toes (verified by external examination), presence of webbing between fingers, presence of nuptial pads in males, and absence of femoral glands in males. Assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32ADF04499B233B85586D151DBFCF7B9" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blommersae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC8DB6AEF064D87D3DAC690E69BD0A20" italics="true">Boophis blommersae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group based on small body size (male
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBXDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||
20.0–
|
||
<quantity id="2010BB9E944CDF862BCCF6999A929FA1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.57" unit="mm" value="25.7">25.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), predominantly brownish dorsal coloration, absence of red color on webbing or ventral side of limbs, suctorial, stream-dwelling tadpoles, and molecular phylogenetic relationships. Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EA4CC27A85035C32B4F56EC4FAC821E" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blommersae">
|
||
<emphasis id="8E0FA6E42245D716B3DC20BA656699DF" italics="true">B. blommersae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, defined by absence of dorsolateral bands, absence of red color in the outer iris area, and advertisement calls at a dominant frequency of 4118–4441 Hz, consisting of 7–8 notes of different length (short notes 15–51 ms; long whistling notes 142–259 ms). Also characterized by numerous diagnostic nucleotide positions in the mitochondrial
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQXDI" xlink_title="16S rRNA gene">16 S</abbrev>
|
||
rRNA gene: MolD identified the following robust diagnostic nucleotide combination compared to all other species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D0D1948676FD74CFBAD180503C65B3C" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6797BC946E0506CEC3687AB4390D04D5" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex (sites given relative to the full-length
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6XDI" xlink_title="16S rRNA gene">16 S</abbrev>
|
||
sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD573B7F82E5DF083ED0E2C43C3919E9" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baroni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7DD2589B621529E39F0F8D8EFDA53E0" italics="true">Mantella baroni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
): “ C ” in the site 107, “ G ” in the site 162, “ C ” in the site 251.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOYDI" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E3ACC7E5865686996B1CDF0EC64E9603">
|
||
<heading id="BDE52AE5D771052DE96016F6F4860E91" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5572CD621924AD3162B26DCC83799BB">
|
||
Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B660D82BFCB691CC241D8BC9A764EDE" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blommersae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDAF4A24C0E617C62FB5A0256B7B9E4C" italics="true">B. blommersae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F363ECCCEB95D1E5839FDC1468779994" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blommersae">
|
||
<emphasis id="495F37AFF329B8698F8073749112DE39" italics="true">B. blommersae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by calls containing multiple frequency-modulated whistles (vs. pulsed trills), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3137181C8524A8318F8F2D6C5C9A8E07" authorityName="Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan" authorityYear="2001" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1D7A0A00C06205CF1B6749AF0A08AED" italics="true">B. vittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by calls containing multiple frequency-modulated whistles (vs. series of short clicks), and absence of dorsolateral stripes (vs. presence). For a distinction from other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AD74834E49F2E5D1B0856DCE2588AD5" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="743FCCA51262B4469CCDCF77418C540E" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex described herein, see accounts of these new species below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA1DI" type="Tadpole">
|
||
<paragraph id="7C6C5372224D622B86A051E092C0DD52">
|
||
<heading id="56F9EAF9308B8AECE16F78788509B00F" reason="title">Tadpole.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B8484BD1DEB0A20DBD30792EEA90BD06">
|
||
The tadpole of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DF8F2942A332B319F555698DF4162A5" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B807009CE641872DE593D04A331072FF" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F87DFF5E3C0B9494382F692B698891" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="422FDCF5AC6703B243B21A994ADBC5FA" italics="true">B. marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Ca 25]) was described and illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="192251031608C81EAC40955D2D1BC320" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" author="Randrianiaina R-D & Strauß A & Glos J & Vences M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Randrianiaina" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="59-124" refId="B70" refString="Randrianiaina R-D, Strauß A, Glos J, Vences M (2012) Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology. ZooKeys 178: 59–124. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.178.1410" title="Diversity of strongly rheophilous tadpoles of Malagasy tree frogs, genus Boophis (Anura, Mantellidae), and identification of new candidate species via larval DNA sequence and morphology." volume="178" year="2012">Randrianiaina et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on the DNA barcoded specimen
|
||
<specimenCode id="4231C3AF5A6BEADF7682C5BAA5D3317D">
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA2DI" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung München">
|
||
<collectionCode id="1D9BFEA19FD32CAFE8CC730E915BCECC" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
1611 / 2007
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE2DI" xlink_title="field numbers of F. Glaw and M. Vences">FGZC</abbrev>
|
||
2929; GenBank accession number
|
||
<ext-link id="38BD8ED1B0A3DF77A321FA3556A4B662" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="FJ559146" xlink_type="simple">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="8BF9172AC0F286498E6283011FA8E2CA" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ559146">FJ 559146</accessionNumber>
|
||
</ext-link>
|
||
). As typical for all tadpoles of the group, the larvae belong to the “ suctorial ” ecomorphological guild. They have a large oral disk used to adhere to stones in fast-flowing water, a labial tooth row formula of 7 (5-7) / 3, and large numbers of oral papillae (222 marginal and 315 submarginal; without dorsal gap). They are characterized by a pattern of several rounded patches formed by condensation of spots on the posterior half of the tail musculature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EN2DI" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="C39F9FC44337753885219E9E35F3DBFB">
|
||
<heading id="6993210B60137733D53B6E45936F4FC9" reason="title">Natural history.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="69C711B8E3F8151621AD38EE5DB1570C">
|
||
An arboreal, nocturnal treefrog found in humid rainforests along fast flowing streams. Little is known of the ecology of the species. Many calling individuals of this species are sitting too high in trees to reach, or calling from perches where they are difficult to see and their calls are also often difficult to localize.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A2C33AE07CBCE89E0FAC2E91AE1A387" author="Glaw F & Vences M & Andreone F & Vallan D" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Glaw" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pagination="495-529" refId="B38" refString="Glaw F, Vences M, Andreone F, Vallan D (2001) Revision of the Boophis majori group (Amphibia: Mantellidae) from Madagascar, with descriptions of five new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133: 495–529." title="Revision of the Boophis majori group (Amphibia: Mantellidae) from Madagascar, with descriptions of five new species." volume="133" year="2001">Glaw et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also reported calling activity in March, suggesting continuous reproductive activity throughout the rainy season.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX2DI" type="Calls">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A89CB423D2C89CE93CB360AAA42A439">
|
||
<heading id="AD51BB42C63C70CCEF877F8ED57AE5C9" reason="title">Calls.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A24609910FD4017476F33ACF8113D">
|
||
Advertisement calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E4AD9A609E47F0FB809FF21112087F" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="280D1FBC73A1BEA82CACD768A5B847AF" italics="true">Boophis marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded at low elevation near a site known as “ Camp 0 ”, Marojejy National Park, on
|
||
<date id="D27CE6E4A17093D52B4C22C834EA5C8C" value="2016-11-26">26 November 2016</date>
|
||
(22.8 ° C air temperature) consist of two different note types, namely calls starting with a short series of short, fast repeated notes, followed by three distinctly longer notes, which are separated by longer intervals. All notes are tonal in character, with long notes exhibiting a distinct upward frequency modulation, with a frequency shift comprising approximately 300 Hz. Amplitude across the entire call is slightly increasing, with the first short notes being relatively soft. Long notes have the maximum call energy in the middle of the note, but amplitude modulation within notes is somewhat irregular. Numerical parameters of two analyzed calls of different individuals are as follows: call duration 1129–1222 ms; notes / call 7–8; short note duration 30–51 ms (34.7 ± 7.5 ms); long note duration 147–259 ms (199.7 ± 44.7 ms); inter-note interval 19–179 ms (62.5 ± 55.9 ms); dominant frequency 4118–4347 Hz (4258 ± 82 Hz); prevalent bandwidth 3800–4500 Hz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="38EB2C22492BDAFDDB9BDB991EA75FB0">
|
||
These calls are in general agreement with those recorded at Marojejy on
|
||
<date id="51F27324B5D7CB31E14E77EEF4E2168C" value="1994-03-20">20 March 1994</date>
|
||
, which, however, differ slightly in shorter inter-note intervals. Numerical parameters of two analyzed calls of the 1994 recording are as follows: call duration 764–1030 ms; notes / call 7–8; short note duration 15–49 ms (27.8 ± 10.6 ms); long note duration 142–231 ms (176.5 ± 38.1 ms); inter-note interval 22–61 ms (35.8 ± 14.1 ms); dominant frequency 4289–4441 Hz (4369 ± 64 Hz); prevalent bandwidth 4000–4700 Hz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ3DI" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="090590B6BCD963C1D3BC19F322C2527E">
|
||
<heading id="A0F40F2707E78749FA00EEA10064DB21" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A8BCBE4E734F45ED74A15F75D88FD4E0">
|
||
According to the molecular data summarized herein, the species is known from (1) the type locality, the Marojejy Massif at low elevation (close to “ Camp
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A882C080E5B2464B109A13C50FFB39" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1ECE56658619F13E50591DFB8AB6F20" italics="true">Mantella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”), (2) a second site at Marojejy (sample THC 302, sequence downloaded from GenBank; collected at
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EY3DI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[49.825100,-14.446700]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="364844FD9B9231E3057AE3575EDD4427" degrees="14.4467" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-14.4467">14.4467 ° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FFE3BCFC67A12A1876C0F90A3450CE6F" degrees="49.8251" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.8251">49.8251 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="199BBBF45143BC577E9B9CDA1C67ED2F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</quantity>
|
||
a. s. l. by T. R. Fulgence), (3) the Masoala Peninsula near the Eco-Lodge “ Chez Arol ”, and (4) the Makira Reserve, at Analanjirofo near Simpona Lodge.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F38E3E0F0D03A4587C835332E59CA2" authorityName="Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Boophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marojezensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2322767D577948C110B1868B5D49BA9B" italics="true">Boophis marojezensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a low-elevation species, known from
|
||
<quantity id="9DBB872995BC6B723B6939B6ED1DA471" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.155" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="0.21" unit="m" value="215.5" valueMax="410.0" valueMin="21.0">21–410 m</quantity>
|
||
a. s. l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |