treatments-xml/data/1E/12/87/1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C.xml

<document id="1E3D42D3C34BCC391C8DB7AA2FB8E3A3" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.510.3.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5426421" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1630397611626" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Bunchalee, Pasakorn, Leeratiwong, Charan &amp; Johnson, David M." docDate="2021" docId="1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.510.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 510 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.510.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Polyalthia heliopetala Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="240" masterDocId="E22BFFCDFF96FFCBFFBFFFDDFFAFFFD6" masterDocTitle="Two new species and a new record of the genus Polyalthia (Annonaceae) from Peninsular Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="239" pageNumber="240" updateTime="1732197805484" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="2733BB02C0BD149C12C9C50B33680A92">Two new species and a new record of the genus Polyalthia (Annonaceae) from Peninsular Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C1F80502C2BA03FB3626D7D8DEB282D">Bunchalee, Pasakorn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7B3BF24EFD53FBE0F3DAA7C6BB34AF8">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand. Palaeontological Research and Education Center, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand. Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand. &amp; pasakorn. b @ msu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8644 - 3360</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7A4780516F12E539673CF74EB6B2F72">Leeratiwong, Charan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE7A8A9EF81065C9C7E46BC4A6C5A10C">charan. leeratiwong @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0752 - 4275</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F6A17C5062AFB2F82E391159445A9BB5">Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BFD31DA53B0E2D8FA84FB15D10555AC3">Department of Botany and Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, 43015, USA &amp; dmjohnso @ owu. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2896 - 7419</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF37FF29FCDAFED8" box="[136,885,244,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF37FF29FCDAFED8" blockId="1.[136,885,244,271]" box="[136,885,244,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFF37FF29FDD2FED8" ID-CoL="C832T" authority="Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee" authorityName="Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,637,244,271]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heliopetala" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF37FF29FE24FED8" bold="true" box="[136,395,244,270]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Polyalthia heliopetala</emphasis>
Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFD37FF28FD72FED8" box="[648,733,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BFFC57CAFF97FFCAFD37FF28FD72FED8" box="[648,733,245,270]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="0E802A26FF97FFCAFD53FF29FC96FED8" box="[748,825,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[199,1380,218,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[178,1409,203,1890]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyalthia heliopetala: A. Habit; B. Leaf bases (upper side) and inflorescences, with point of inflorescence attachments to stem indicated by arrows; C. Flower showing recurved petals; D. Flower, top view showing the embossed patch on the inner base of the petals; E. Outer surfaces of outer petals; F. Outer surfaces of inner petals; G. Stamens and persistent sepal on pedicel; H. Torus with some stamens removed to show attachment of stamens and carpels on the convex torus surface; I. Carpel; J. Stamens (outside on left, inside on right); K. Monocarps. The illustration was drawn by Nattapong Chomlok from Leeratiwong 20-1527 (BKF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426423/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="0E802A26FF97FFCAFCE2FF29FCC3FED8" box="[861,876,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[179,1406,197,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[164,1423,187,1898]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyalthia heliopetala: A. Leaves and inflorescences; B. Lower surface of leaf base and flower; C. Flower showing the embossed basal patch of the inner surface of the petals; D. Upper surface of leaves and flower; E. Lower surface of leaf showing venation; F. Monocarps.A, B, D and E are from Leeratiwong 20-1527(BKF); F is from Puudjaa 626 (BKF)]; all photographs by Pasakorn Bunchalee. Photograph in C was taken by Yamilah Sama-ae in Narathiwat, Ra Ngae District, Bo Ngo Subdistrict, Bue Chaeng Village, 7 April 2020." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426425/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF37FE9DFCE5FE14" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF37FE9DFCE5FE14" blockId="1.[136,1453,320,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFF37FE9DFECEFE83" authorityName="Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,353,320,341]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heliopetala">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF37FE9DFECEFE83" box="[136,353,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Polyalthia heliopetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFE6CFE9DFD49FE80" authority="King (1892: 65)" authorityName=", King" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1892" box="[467,742,320,342]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFE6CFE9DFD92FE83" box="[467,573,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. oblonga</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F22A4B52FF97FFCAFDFAFE9DFD49FE80" author="King, G." box="[581,742,320,342]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref5104" refString="King, G. (1892) Materials for a flora of the Malay Peninsula, no. 4. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Part 2, Natural History 61: 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1892">King (1892: 65)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFCA4FE9DFC36FE83" authorityName=", Turner" authorityYear="2014" box="[795,921,320,341]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFCA4FE9DFC36FE83" box="[795,921,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hook.f.) 
<bibRefCitation id="F22A4B52FF97FFCAFBBCFE9DFB44FE80" author="Airy Shaw, H. K." box="[1027,1259,320,342]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" pagination="275 - 290" refId="ref4875" refString="Airy Shaw, H. K. (1939) XXXII - Additions to the flora of Borneo and other Malay islands: XII. The Annonaceae of the Oxford University Expedition to Sarawak, 1932. Kew Bulletin 1939: 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4111738" type="journal article" year="1939">Airy Shaw (1939: 280)</bibRefCitation>
but differs from 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFA25FE9DFEA3FEAF" authorityName=", King" authorityYear="1892" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFA25FE9DFEA3FEAF" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. oblonga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the flower pedicels 7.0‒10.0 versus 31.0‒57.0 mm long and lanceolate versus oblong inner petals and from 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFA8FFEB9FA04FEAF" authorityName=", Turner" authorityYear="2014" box="[1328,1451,356,377]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFA8FFEB9FA04FEAF" box="[1328,1451,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the oblong to lanceolate rather than ovate petals and the monocarp stipes 18.0‒25.0 versus ca. 10.0 mm long. It differs from both species in having embossed patches on the inner bases of the petals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<collectingCounty id="7F654E2FFF97FFCAFF37FE0DFF15FE33" box="[136,186,464,485]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Type</collectingCounty>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="26D33CFEFF97FFCAFF69FE0DFE02FDDF" collectingDate="2020-04-07" collectionCode="PSU" collectorName="Leeratiwong" country="Thailand" location="Bo Ngo Subdistrict" municipality="Ra Ngae District" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narathiwat" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="EEAC7633FF97FFCAFF69FE0DFEF9FE33" box="[214,342,464,485]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="547FF841FF97FFCAFEE1FE0DFE64FE30" box="[350,459,464,486]" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Narathiwat</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="7660ACD9FF97FFCAFE6BFE0DFDD7FE30" box="[468,632,464,486]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Ra Ngae District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="93646078FF97FFCAFD3EFE0DFC92FE30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C:93646078FF97FFCAFD3EFE0DFC92FE30" box="[641,829,464,486]" country="Thailand" county="Type" municipality="Ra Ngae District" name="Bo Ngo Subdistrict" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" stateProvince="Narathiwat">Bo Ngo Subdistrict</location>
, 
<location id="93646078FF97FFCAFCF9FE0DFBA6FE30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C:93646078FF97FFCAFCF9FE0DFBA6FE30" box="[838,1033,464,486]" country="Thailand" county="Type" municipality="Ra Ngae District" name="Bue Chaeng Village" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" stateProvince="Narathiwat">Bue Chaeng Village</location>
, 
<date id="E2051063FF97FFCAFBADFE0DFB25FE33" box="[1042,1162,464,486]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2020-04-07">
<collectingDate id="F241E98BFF97FFCAFBADFE0DFB25FE33" box="[1042,1162,464,486]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2020-04-07">7 April 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower &amp; fruit), 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFA8DFE0DFEA1FDDF" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<collectorName id="3B4E5375FF97FFCAFA8DFE0DFA04FE33" box="[1330,1451,464,485]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Leeratiwong</collectorName>
20-1527
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="49008801FF97FFCAFEA5FE29FEDFFDDC" box="[282,368,500,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F0AAAE66FF97FFCAFECAFE29FE06FDDF" box="[373,425,500,521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">PSU</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="26D33CFEFF97FFCAFE09FE29FD93FDDC" box="[438,572,500,522]" collectingDate="2020-04-07" collectionCode="BKF" collectorName="Leeratiwong" country="Thailand" location="Bo Ngo Subdistrict" municipality="Ra Ngae District" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narathiwat" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="49008801FF97FFCAFE09FE29FE54FDDC" box="[438,507,500,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F0AAAE66FF97FFCAFDBEFE29FD97FDDC" box="[513,568,500,522]" collectionName="BKF" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">BKF</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF37FDE5FF43FA91" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="description">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF37FDE5FF43FA91" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
Shrubs 2.0‒4.0 m tall, bark smooth, greyish black, primary branching spiral. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC58FDE4FB34FD84" box="[999,1179,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Young branches</emphasis>
rusty-brown tomentose, the hairs erect, 0.7‒1.0 mm long, with moderately prominent lenticels. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC11FD80FC53FDA0" box="[942,1020,605,630]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Leaves</emphasis>
with petioles stout, 2.0‒3.0 mm long, 3.0‒ 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFF05FD5DFEA1FD4D" box="[186,270,640,667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
thick, flat above, rusty‒brown tomentose; lamina chartaceous, asymmetrically elliptic to oblanceolate and slightly curved inward, 18.0‒32.0 × 5.0‒10.0 cm, base asymmetrically cordate with auricles 1.0‒2.0 mm long, apex cuspidate to acuminate with an acumen 8.0‒10.0 (‒12.0) mm long, upper side glabrous except for the sparsely tomentose midrib, lower side glabrous except for hairs along midrib and lateral veins; midrib grooved above; lateral veins 14‒16 per side, slightly arched towards the apex, at midpoint diverging at 60‒70° from the midrib, festooned loop-forming 1.5‒2.0 mm from the margins; intersecondary veins present; tertiary veins weakly scalariform. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFB02FCE9FAF1FC98" box="[1213,1374,820,846]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Inflorescences</emphasis>
1(‒3)- flowered, supra-axillary or terminal on leafy branches; pedicels 7.0‒10.0 mm long, 1.5−2.0 mm thick, puberulous; bracts 2, attached at the pedicel base, lanceolate, 1.8‒2.0 × 1.0‒ 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFCEAFCA1FC02FC41" box="[853,941,892,919]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
, apex acute, puberulous outside and glabrous inside. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF64FC7DFE8BFC6C" box="[219,292,928,954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Sepals</emphasis>
valvate, brownish yellow 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFDEBFC7CFD0EFC6C" box="[596,673,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">in vivo</emphasis>
, ovate, 5.0‒6.0 × 3.0‒4.0 mm, apex acuminate with acumen ca. 1.0 mm long, puberulous outside and glabrous inside. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFD05FC19FCAFFC08" box="[698,768,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Petals</emphasis>
yellow, orange, or brownish orange 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFB28FC18FB4CFC08" box="[1175,1251,965,990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">in vivo</emphasis>
, coriaceous, erect or slightly recurved, apex acute, inner surface embossed with a shallowly ovate basal patch (most visible in fresh condition), pubescent outside, glabrous inside; outer petals oblong or lanceolate, 15.0−18.0 × 5.0−7.0 mm; inner petals lanceolate, 17.0‒22.0 × 3.0‒5.0 mm. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFDCBFBEDFD7EFB9C" box="[628,721,1072,1098]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Stamens</emphasis>
yellow 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC92FBECFCD6FB9C" box="[813,889,1073,1098]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">in vivo</emphasis>
, slightly cuneate, 2.0‒2.2 × 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFB06FBEDFAEDFB9D" box="[1209,1346,1072,1099]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5‒0.6 mm</quantity>
, filament ca. 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFF0DFB89FEA5FBB9" box="[178,266,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
long; anthers 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFE0EFB89FD94FBB9" box="[433,571,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6‒1.8 mm</quantity>
long, anther connective apex truncate; androecium 7.0‒9.0 mm in diameter. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF37FBA5FF4EFB44" box="[136,225,1144,1170]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Carpels</emphasis>
12‒15 per flower, 2.6‒2.8 × 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFD91FBA5FD15FB45" box="[558,698,1144,1171]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5−0.6 mm</quantity>
, pubescent, style rudimentary, stigmas obovoid or oblong, 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFAE8FBA5FF19FB61" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5‒0.7 mm</quantity>
, pubescent, equal in height to the anther connective apices; ovules 2 per carpel, attached laterally. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFAB2FB40FAE3FB60" box="[1293,1356,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Torus</emphasis>
convex, slightly concave at the apex, 3.0‒4.0 mm in diameter, 1.8‒2.0 mm thick, glabrous. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFB87FB1CFBD3FB0C" box="[1080,1148,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Fruits</emphasis>
with 22‒28 monocarps on pedicels 10.0‒15.0 mm long, 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFE70FB39FDF9FB29" box="[463,598,1252,1279]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5−1.8 mm</quantity>
thick, glabrous. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFCB1FB38FC21FB28" box="[782,910,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Monocarps</emphasis>
green 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC68FB38FB8EFB28" box="[983,1057,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">in vivo</emphasis>
(immature), ellipsoid to oblongoid, 8.0‒10.0 × 7.0‒8.0 mm, base obtuse, apex mucronate, stipes 18.0‒25.0 mm long, 1.0‒ 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFBE7FAD5FB01FAF5" box="[1112,1198,1288,1315]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
thick, glabrous. 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFAD3FAD5FA03FAF4" box="[1388,1452,1288,1314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Seeds</emphasis>
not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02FA8DFCE9FA59" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02FA8DFCE9FA59" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02FA8DFE58FABC" bold="true" box="[189,503,1360,1386]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Distribution and Ecology:</emphasis>
—Scattered in shaded areas of tropical rain forest, in 
<collectingRegion id="547FF841FF97FFCAFBE1FA8DFAE8FABC" box="[1118,1351,1360,1386]" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Narathiwat Province</collectingRegion>
near the southern border of Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="EEAC7633FF97FFCAFE64FAA9FDEEFA58" box="[475,577,1396,1422]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, ca. 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFDCCFAA9FD15FA59" box="[627,698,1396,1423]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
alt. (
<figureCitation id="0E802A26FF97FFCAFD4CFAA9FC98FA59" box="[755,823,1396,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[178,1417,221,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1436,190,1531]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A. &amp; B. Maps showing distributions of Polyalthia heliopetala (●), P. taweensis (▲) and P. pumila (■) in southern Peninsular Thailand. Map in B is an enlargement of the area shown in the rectangle in A. Maps by Pasakorn Bunchalee." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426436/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02FA45FC17FA64" box="[189,952,1432,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02FA45FC17FA64" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" box="[189,952,1432,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02FA45FEECFA64" bold="true" box="[189,323,1432,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering March‒April, fruiting in April and August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02FA61FDF8FA00" box="[189,599,1468,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02FA61FDF8FA00" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" box="[189,599,1468,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02FA61FEFDFA00" bold="true" box="[189,338,1468,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Local name:</emphasis>
—Thai: Lueang suriya.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02FA3DFA93FA2D" box="[189,1340,1504,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02FA3DFA93FA2D" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" box="[189,1340,1504,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02FA3DFEE7FA2C" bold="true" box="[189,328,1504,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to the spreading orange petals resembling the rays of the sun.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02F9D9FDF6F9B0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02F9D9FDF6F9B0" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02F9D9FDA5F9C8" bold="true" box="[189,522,1540,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">IUCN Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Known from two localities along the southern border of Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="EEAC7633FF97FFCAFAFEF9D9FA07F9C8" box="[1345,1448,1540,1566]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. However, there is insufficient information regarding the number of populations and population size. Therefore, the species is treated as Data Deficient (DD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02F9ADFCEAF904" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02F9ADFCEAF904" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02F9ADFDFBF95C" bold="true" box="[189,596,1648,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Additional specimens examined:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="26D33CFEFF97FFCAFDD0F9ADFAB4F978" collectingDate="2003-03-18" collectionCode="BKF" collectorName="Koonkhunthod &amp; Chasuwan &amp; Berg" country="Thailand" elevation="200" location="Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary" municipality="Waeng District" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narathiwat">
<collectingCountry id="EEAC7633FF97FFCAFDD0F9ADFCACF95C" box="[623,771,1648,1674]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
. PENINSULAR: 
<collectingRegion id="547FF841FF97FFCAFC61F9ADFBF2F95C" box="[990,1117,1648,1674]" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Narathiwat</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="7660ACD9FF97FFCAFBCEF9ACFA89F95C" box="[1137,1318,1648,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Waeng District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="93646078FF97FFCAFA85F9ADFEF1F978" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C:93646078FF97FFCAFA85F9ADFEF1F978" country="Thailand" municipality="Waeng District" name="Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" stateProvince="Narathiwat">Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="51439B46FF97FFCAFE2AF949FE4FF979" box="[405,480,1684,1711]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="1D96D190FF97FFCAFE2AF949FE4FF979" box="[405,480,1684,1711]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="E2051063FF97FFCAFE52F949FD35F978" box="[493,666,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2003-03-18">
<collectingDate id="F241E98BFF97FFCAFE52F949FD35F978" box="[493,666,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2003-03-18">18 March 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower), 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFCB1F949FB69F978" box="[782,1222,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<collectorName id="3B4E5375FF97FFCAFCB1F949FC19F978" box="[782,950,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Koonkhunthod</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="3B4E5375FF97FFCAFC7DF949FB97F978" box="[962,1080,1684,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Chasuwan</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="3B4E5375FF97FFCAFBE0F948FB3BF978" box="[1119,1172,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Berg</collectorName>
393
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F0AAAE66FF97FFCAFB68F949FABCF978" box="[1239,1299,1684,1710]" collectionName="BKF" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">BKF</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="26D33CFEFF97FFCAFA97F949FCEEF904" collectingDate="1999-08-03" collectionCode="BKF" collectorName="Puudjaa" location="Waeng" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narathiwat">
<collectingRegion id="547FF841FF97FFCAFA97F949FA08F978" box="[1320,1447,1684,1710]" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Narathiwat</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="93646078FF97FFCAFF37F964FF77F905" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C:93646078FF97FFCAFF37F964FF77F905" box="[136,216,1721,1747]" name="Waeng" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" stateProvince="Narathiwat">Waeng</location>
, 
<location id="93646078FF97FFCAFF5CF965FEF8F904" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E1287B5FF97FFCAFF37FF29FF46F87C:93646078FF97FFCAFF5CF965FEF8F904" box="[227,343,1720,1746]" name="Bala-Hala" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" stateProvince="Narathiwat">Bala-Hala</location>
, 
<date id="E2051063FF97FFCAFEDCF965FDA9F904" box="[355,518,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="1999-08-03">
<collectingDate id="F241E98BFF97FFCAFEDCF965FDA9F904" box="[355,518,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="1999-08-03">3 August 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
(fruit), 
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFDE1F965FD41F904" box="[606,750,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<collectorName id="3B4E5375FF97FFCAFDE1F965FD12F904" box="[606,701,1720,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Puudjaa</collectorName>
626
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F0AAAE66FF97FFCAFD42F965FC96F904" box="[765,825,1720,1746]" collectionName="BKF" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">BKF</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DEA16528FF97FFCAFF02F901FF46F87C" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="960436A3FF97FFCAFF02F901FF46F87C" blockId="1.[136,1452,568,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF02F901FEA6F920" bold="true" box="[189,265,1756,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Notes:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFE99F901FDB1F920" authorityName="Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,542,1756,1782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heliopetala">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFE99F901FDB1F920" box="[294,542,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Polyalthia heliopetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is contrasted with 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFD51F900FCCBF920" authorityName=", King" authorityYear="1892" box="[750,868,1756,1782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFD51F900FCCBF920" box="[750,868,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. oblonga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFC26F900FB87F920" authorityName=", Turner" authorityYear="2014" box="[921,1064,1756,1782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC26F900FB87F920" box="[921,1064,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<tableCitation id="DB390318FF97FFCAFBF6F901FB33F920" box="[1097,1180,1756,1782]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetBox="[144,1442,232,755]" captionText="TABLE 1 Character comparison of Polyalthia heliopetala, P. oblonga, and P. motleyana s.s. Measurements from King converted from inches used in the original description." pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Table 1</tableCitation>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="F22A4B52FF97FFCAFB18F900FAEBF920" author="Turner, I. M." box="[1191,1348,1756,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" refId="ref5369" refString="Turner, I. M. (2014) Annonaceae. In: Soepadmo, E., Saw, L. G., Chung, R. C. K. &amp; Kiew, R. (Eds.) Tree flora of Sabah and Sarawak, Volume 8. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong, Malaysia." type="book" year="2014">Turner (2014)</bibRefCitation>
accepted 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFF37F8DCFEACF8CC" authorityName=", King" authorityYear="1892" box="[136,259,1792,1818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFF37F8DCFEACF8CC" box="[136,259,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. oblonga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFEFFF8DCFE7CF8CC" authorityName=", Turner" authorityYear="2014" box="[320,467,1792,1818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFEFFF8DCFE7CF8CC" box="[320,467,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as distinct species, but his description of 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFC00F8DCFB95F8CC" authorityName=", King" authorityYear="1892" box="[959,1082,1792,1818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFC00F8DCFB95F8CC" box="[959,1082,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. oblonga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs sufficiently from King’s protologue that data are given separately from the two sources. For 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFCCEF8F8FBAFF8E8" authorityName=", Turner" authorityYear="2014" box="[881,1024,1828,1854]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFCCEF8F8FBAFF8E8" box="[881,1024,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the description of 
<bibRefCitation id="F22A4B52FF97FFCAFB72F8F8FAC6F8E8" author="Turner, I. M." box="[1229,1385,1828,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" refId="ref5369" refString="Turner, I. M. (2014) Annonaceae. In: Soepadmo, E., Saw, L. G., Chung, R. C. K. &amp; Kiew, R. (Eds.) Tree flora of Sabah and Sarawak, Volume 8. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong, Malaysia." type="book" year="2014">Turner (2014)</bibRefCitation>
alone was used for comparison. A distinctive feature of the petals of 
<taxonomicName id="51BB4D20FF97FFCAFCF5F894FC4BF8B4" authorityName="Leerat. &amp; Bunchalee" authorityYear="2021" box="[842,996,1864,1890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyalthia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heliopetala">
<emphasis id="A4CFEAB1FF97FFCAFCF5F894FC4BF8B4" box="[842,996,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">P. heliopetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that has not been described for either of the other two species is the raised and thickened patch of tissue at the base of both the outer and the inner petals (
<figureCitation id="0E802A26FF97FFCAFACCF8B1FF03F87C" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[199,1380,218,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[178,1409,203,1890]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Polyalthia heliopetala: A. Habit; B. Leaf bases (upper side) and inflorescences, with point of inflorescence attachments to stem indicated by arrows; C. Flower showing recurved petals; D. Flower, top view showing the embossed patch on the inner base of the petals; E. Outer surfaces of outer petals; F. Outer surfaces of inner petals; G. Stamens and persistent sepal on pedicel; H. Torus with some stamens removed to show attachment of stamens and carpels on the convex torus surface; I. Carpel; J. Stamens (outside on left, inside on right); K. Monocarps. The illustration was drawn by Nattapong Chomlok from Leeratiwong 20-1527 (BKF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426423/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Figs. 1D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="0E802A26FF97FFCAFF07F84DFF72F87C" box="[184,221,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[179,1406,197,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[164,1423,187,1898]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polyalthia heliopetala: A. Leaves and inflorescences; B. Lower surface of leaf base and flower; C. Flower showing the embossed basal patch of the inner surface of the petals; D. Upper surface of leaves and flower; E. Lower surface of leaf showing venation; F. Monocarps.A, B, D and E are from Leeratiwong 20-1527(BKF); F is from Puudjaa 626 (BKF)]; all photographs by Pasakorn Bunchalee. Photograph in C was taken by Yamilah Sama-ae in Narathiwat, Ra Ngae District, Bo Ngo Subdistrict, Bue Chaeng Village, 7 April 2020." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5426425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5426425/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>