367 lines
46 KiB
XML
367 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="DC7D566CE39937EA3174999F4151396D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211372" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4e4c31a7-5d90-4ba1-bedc-19d3b484e61b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211372" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460550729878" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tilbrook, Kevin J. & Vieira, Leandro M." docDate="2012" docId="6E507074FF9DFFA452882FCF8107FD5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03528p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3528" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Scrupocellaria diadema Busk 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="9269080CFF9FFFA1521F2F588373FF92" masterDocTitle="Scrupocellaria (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from the Queensland coast, with the description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1698318266824" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CA520565457AFE7B09DAE1D055B8957D">Scrupocellaria (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from the Queensland coast, with the description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DB7610366D1237D70D48AF2E60FA9A34">Tilbrook, Kevin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2FDEF8ED3AE401B521497CD499C2B888">Vieira, Leandro M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DDBCE88675B4EA3E80899B8AF12176E4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="92871B097DC5AB64CBAEA188A544666A">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6E507074FF9DFFA452882FCF8107FD5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180793" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119529708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180793" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E507074FF9DFFA452882FCF8107FD5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E507074FF9DFFA452882FCF8107FD5E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9DFFA352882FCF825CFF40" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA352882FCF8127FF23" blockId="2.[151,596,151,210]" box="[151,596,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<heading id="BD0E760EFF9DFFA352882FCF8127FF23" bold="true" box="[151,596,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9DFFA352882FCF8127FF23" ID-CoL="4VZN8" authority="Busk, 1852" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,596,151,177]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352882FCF8127FF23" bold="true" box="[151,596,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352882FCF82C5FF23" bold="true" box="[151,438,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9DFFA353A22FCF8127FF23" author="Busk" box="[445,596,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" refString="Busk, G. (1852 a) An account of the Polyzoa, and sertularian zoophytes, collected in the voyage of the Rattlesnake, on the coast of Australia and the Louisiade Archipelago, & c. In: MacGillivray, J. (ed.), Narrative of the Voyage of H. M. S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley … 1846 - 1850; including discoveries and surveys in New Guinea, the Louisiade Archipelago, etc. to which is added the account of Mr E. B. Kennedy's Expedition for the exploration of the Cape York Peninsula [including Mr W. Carron's narrative]. Vol. 1. T. Boone, London, pp. 302 - 402, pl. 1 (Appendix No. IV)." type="journal volume" year="1852" yearSuffix="a">Busk, 1852a</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA352882FE2825CFF40" blockId="2.[151,596,151,210]" box="[151,303,186,210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9DFFA352812FE2827AFF40" box="[158,265,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,518,1461]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[170,1418,518,1461]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scrupocellaria diadema Busk, 1852 a. A – E, NHMUK 1854.11. 15.80, Holotype. A, frontal surface of branch at bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularium on the axial zooid. B, frontal surface of two branches at bifurcation; note the brooding autozooids and the bifurcating scutum on the brooding zooid (centre). C, frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the broken large frontal avicularium shown in profile (centre) and the single vibraculum. D, frontal surface of several zooids; note the variation in size of the frontal avicularia and the ovicell pores. E, close-up of partially cleaned frontal surface. Scale bars: 250 µm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B), 200 µm (E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211373/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9DFFA353082FE28255FF40" box="[279,294,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1825,1848]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,193,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1418,193,1805]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scrupocellaria diadema Busk, 1852 a. A, MTQ G 25337; B, D, E, MTQ G 25343; C, MTQ G 25296. A, frontal surface of branches and a bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularia and ovicellate zooids. B, basal surface at branch bifurcation showing the single axial vibracular chamber. C, frontal surface of a branch bifurcation; note the brooding zooids and the large frontal avicularium of the axial autozooid, with a single unattached scutum (centre left). D, note the avicularia raised on tubular bases on the first autozooids distal to the bifurcation (centre). E, profile of branch; note the bifurcating spine on the brooding zooid (top left). Scale bars: 100 µm (A – E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9DFFA352882E5A87DDFE8A" box="[151,1198,258,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA352882E5A87DDFE8A" blockId="2.[151,1198,258,281]" box="[151,1198,258,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C6E9E64CFF9DFFA352882E5A87DDFE8A" box="[151,1198,258,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9DFFA352882E5A8135FE8A" ID-CoL="4VZN8" authority="Busk, 1852a: 370" authorityName="Busk" authorityPageNumber="370" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,582,258,280]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352882E5A82F8FE8A" box="[151,395,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="6758E773FF9DFFA3538E2E5A8135FE8A" author="Busk" box="[401,582,258,280]" page="370" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" year="1852">
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<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9DFFA3538E2E5A8160FE8A" author="Busk" box="[401,531,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" refString="Busk, G. (1852 a) An account of the Polyzoa, and sertularian zoophytes, collected in the voyage of the Rattlesnake, on the coast of Australia and the Louisiade Archipelago, & c. In: MacGillivray, J. (ed.), Narrative of the Voyage of H. M. S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley … 1846 - 1850; including discoveries and surveys in New Guinea, the Louisiade Archipelago, etc. to which is added the account of Mr E. B. Kennedy's Expedition for the exploration of the Cape York Peninsula [including Mr W. Carron's narrative]. Vol. 1. T. Boone, London, pp. 302 - 402, pl. 1 (Appendix No. IV)." type="journal volume" year="1852" yearSuffix="a">Busk, 1852a</bibRefCitation>
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: 370
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="6758E773FF9DFFA3504F2E5A818BFE8A" author="Busk" box="[592,760,258,280]" page="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" year="1852">
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<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9DFFA3504F2E5A81A0FE8A" author="Busk" box="[592,723,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" refString="Busk, G. (1852 b) Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British Museum, I. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, vii + 54 p., pls 1 - 68." type="book chapter" year="1852" yearSuffix="b">Busk, 1852b</bibRefCitation>
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: 24
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 28, figs 1–3;
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<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9DFFA351B52E5B8745FE8A" author="Harmer" box="[938,1078,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 2. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expeditie, 28 b, i-viii, 181 - 501, pls 13 - 34." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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(part): 375.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9DFFA352882E1D87CFFE5D" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA352882E1D87CFFE5D" blockId="2.[151,1436,325,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352882E1D82F0FECC" bold="true" box="[151,387,325,350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="39427FC0FF9DFFA353932E1D8280FECF" box="[396,499,325,349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA353932E1D8280FECF" box="[396,499,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="80E859A7FF9DFFA3501B2E1E811DFECF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" box="[516,622,326,349]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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1854.11.15.80, Moreton Bay, Queensland,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA3567C2E1D87BBFECF" box="[1123,1224,325,349]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="555" value="-27.25">27.25° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA356C82E1D863EFECF" box="[1239,1357,325,349]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="555" value="153.25">153.25° E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA357442E1D821AFE16" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Other material examined</emphasis>
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: MTQ G25296, Gulf of Carpentaria,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA3510A2E3480E2FE16" box="[789,913,364,388]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="5" value="-15.9988">15.9988° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA351812E34874BFE16" box="[926,1080,364,388]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="1" value="139.65332">139.65332° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="9247E7A2FF9DFFA3565A2E348794FE16" box="[1093,1255,364,388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" value="2005-03-04">4 March 2005</date>
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; MTQ G25337, Site 2319, Sample Id. 0 21793, SBD 0 29103, Great Barrier Reef,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA3516F2ECA80AEFE38" box="[880,989,402,426]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="55" value="-24.465">24.465° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA351F52ECA8714FE38" box="[1002,1127,402,426]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="55" value="150.905">150.905° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="9247E7A2FF9DFFA3566C2ECA8623FE38" box="[1139,1360,402,426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" value="2004-09-18">18 September 2004</date>
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, 70 m; MTQ G25343, off Townsville, Stn 1460, Square 5B,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA350F52EEF801AFE5D" box="[746,873,439,463]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="5" value="-18.8833">18.8833° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83CDA7A5FF9DFFA3516A2EEF8777FE5D" box="[885,1028,439,463]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" precision="5" value="146.9667">146.9667° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="9247E7A2FF9DFFA3560F2EEF87C4FE5D" box="[1040,1207,439,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" value="1986-08-03">3 August 1986</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="B28691EAFF9DFFA352882A9681FCF9EC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211373/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[170,1417,518,1461]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA352882A9681FCF9EC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1486,1662]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352882A968266FA71" bold="true" box="[151,277,1486,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9DFFA353022A9681E6FA76" authority="Busk, 1852" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1852" box="[285,661,1486,1508]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA353022A968160FA76" box="[285,531,1486,1508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
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Busk, 1852
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</taxonomicName>
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a.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA350B32A968191FA71" bold="true" box="[684,738,1486,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">A–E,</emphasis>
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NHMUK 1854.11.15.80, Holotype.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA356402A96870BFA71" bold="true" box="[1119,1144,1486,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">A,</emphasis>
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frontal surface of branch at bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularium on the axial zooid.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA3515C2AB58029F990" bold="true" box="[835,858,1517,1538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">B,</emphasis>
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frontal surface of two branches at bifurcation; note the brooding autozooids and the bifurcating scutum on the brooding zooid (centre).
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA351D129538095F9B0" bold="true" box="[974,998,1547,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">C,</emphasis>
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frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the broken large frontal avicularium shown in profile (centre) and the single vibraculum.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA3563329728737F9AD" bold="true" box="[1068,1092,1578,1599]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">D,</emphasis>
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frontal surface of several zooids; note the variation in size of the frontal avicularia and the ovicell pores.
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA35165291180E3F9CC" bold="true" box="[890,912,1609,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">E,</emphasis>
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close-up of partially cleaned frontal surface. Scale bars: 250 µm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B), 200 µm (E).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9DFFA552D829FC87C5F951" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9DFFA552D829FC87C5F951" blockId="2.[151,1436,1700,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,1419,2019]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9DFFA352D829FC822AF92F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1700,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
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Autozooids at slight angle to each other, partially back to back; gracile,
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<quantity id="21016C87FF9DFFA356F429FD86EFF92F" box="[1259,1436,1701,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0017" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.0034" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="200.17" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="0.34">0.340–400 mm</quantity>
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(0.365±0.0.16) long and
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<quantity id="21016C87FF9DFFA353AE29908102F972" box="[433,625,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.175" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.95" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.2175" valueMax="0.24" valueMin="0.195">0.195–0.240 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.208±0.012) wide, with smooth, proximal gymnocyst, approximately one quarter to one third area of large oval opesia, cryptocyst very narrow and smooth. Scutum originating from midway along inner (branch midline) lateral margin of opesia, very gracile, most often club-shaped, but may be small and rounded with proximal and distal lobes of equal size, or slightly bifurcated. Two inner spines, and two outer orificial spines, short, the two most proximal spines distorting the gymnocystal/cryptocystal rim, directed frontally and bifurcating, a fifth distomedial spine in non-brooding autozooids. Avicularia of two
|
||
<typeStatus id="39427FC0FF9DFFA357162826863BF804" box="[1289,1352,1918,1942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: lateral avicularia, small,
|
||
<quantity id="21016C87FF9DFFA3537628F8815DF82A" box="[361,558,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.0735" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.057">0.057–0.090 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.069±0.010) long, on distolateral corner of all autozooids (except axial autozooid at branch bifurcation), distolaterally directed, with straight-edged triangular rostrum the tip of which is raised slightly, mandible curved basally with a sharp, hooked tip; frontal avicularia often seen, originating proximal to cryptocystal rim on inner side of zooid, directed distomedially, either small and similar in shape to lateral avicularia, or large, of varying size, aquiline, raised on a tubular base, rostrum serrated laterally, with a hooked tip, mandible elongate-triangular, curved basally with a sharp, hooked tip. Ovicells smooth,
|
||
<quantity id="21016C87FF9BFFA556CA2AAF86EFF99D" box="[1237,1436,1527,1551]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6849999999999998" metricValueMax="1.88" metricValueMin="1.49" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.16849999999999998" valueMax="0.188" valueMin="0.149">0.149–0.188 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.177±0.013) long and
|
||
<quantity id="21016C87FF9BFFA553B829438114F9A1" box="[423,615,1563,1587]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.975" metricValueMax="2.14" metricValueMin="1.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.1975" valueMax="0.214" valueMin="0.181">0.181–0.214 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.199±0.010) wide, with 2–5 circular or elongate oval pores, often with a slightl raised rim. Single axial vibraculum; other vibracula projecting laterally,
|
||
<quantity id="21016C87FF9BFFA5562C29678787F9C5" box="[1075,1268,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" metricValueMax="2.01" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.183" valueMax="0.201" valueMin="0.165">0.165–0.201 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.189±0.013) long, visible frontally, drop-shaped, setal groove directed proximomedially, seta long, curving across more than width of branch. A rhizoid foramen is present in proximal wall of all lateral vibracula, but not on axial vibraculum; however, rhizoids usually only present at base of branch. Rhizoids with some retroussé hooks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B28691EAFF9CFFA2528828798181F840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211374/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[170,1417,193,1803]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9CFFA2528828798181F840" blockId="3.[151,1436,1825,2002]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA2528828798266F8A5" bold="true" box="[151,277,1825,1848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9CFFA25302287A81E6F8AA" authority="Busk, 1852" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1852" box="[285,661,1826,1848]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA25302287A8167F8AA" box="[285,532,1826,1848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
|
||
Busk, 1852
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a. A, MTQ G25337; B, D, E, MTQ G25343; C, MTQ G25296.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA25728287A8623F8A5" bold="true" box="[1335,1360,1826,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">A,</emphasis>
|
||
frontal surface of branches and a bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularia and ovicellate zooids.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA2569B281987E8F8C4" bold="true" box="[1156,1179,1857,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">B,</emphasis>
|
||
basal surface at branch bifurcation showing the single axial vibracular chamber.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA250FC28078188F8E4" bold="true" box="[739,763,1887,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">C,</emphasis>
|
||
frontal surface of a branch bifurcation; note the brooding zooids and the large frontal avicularium of the axial autozooid, with a single unattached scutum (centre left).
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA256A3282687A6F801" bold="true" box="[1212,1237,1918,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">D,</emphasis>
|
||
note the avicularia raised on tubular bases on the first autozooids distal to the bifurcation (centre).
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9CFFA251DE28C580ABF820" bold="true" box="[961,984,1949,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">E,</emphasis>
|
||
profile of branch; note the bifurcating spine on the brooding zooid (top left). Scale bars: 100 µm (A–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B28691EAFF9BFFA552882A48861CFAF6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211375/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[170,1417,193,1274]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9BFFA552882A48861CFAF6" blockId="4.[151,1436,1296,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA552882A488266FAB7" bold="true" box="[151,277,1296,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA5500D2A48807AFAB4" box="[530,777,1296,1318]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA5500D2A48807AFAB4" box="[530,777,1296,1318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Harmer (1926).
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA551C02A48808BFAB7" bold="true" box="[991,1016,1296,1317]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA5561E2A4886EBFAB4" authority="Thornely, 1907" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1907" box="[1025,1432,1296,1318]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gaspari">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA5561E2A48879DFAB4" box="[1025,1262,1296,1318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria gaspari</emphasis>
|
||
Thornely, 1907
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NHMUK 1936.12.3.146, syntype.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA553E72A77817CFAD6" bold="true" box="[504,527,1327,1348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA550092A7781DFFAD7" box="[534,684,1327,1349]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA550092A7781DFFAD7" box="[534,684,1327,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 1, NHMUK 1928.3.6.178, Sulu Archipelago.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA556B62A7687B2FAD7" bold="true" box="[1193,1217,1326,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA556D72A77862DFAD7" box="[1224,1374,1327,1349]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA556D72A77862DFAD7" box="[1224,1374,1327,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 2, NHMUK 1928.9.13.102, Japan.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA553FE2A168289FAF1" bold="true" box="[481,506,1358,1379]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">D,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA5501F2A1581E4FAF1" box="[512,663,1357,1379]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA5501F2A1581E4FAF1" box="[512,663,1357,1379]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 3, NHMUK 1928.3.6.180, New Guinea. Scale bars: 200 µm (A–D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9BFFA552D829978098F899" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9BFFA552D829978098F899" blockId="4.[151,1436,1419,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA552D829978248F975" bold="true" box="[199,315,1743,1767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA553562997812DF975" box="[329,606,1743,1767]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA553562997812DF975" box="[329,606,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterised by its gracile, club-shaped scutum, its small, lateral avicularia and the often-seen aquiline, frontal avicularia with a tubular base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9BFFA452D8284F838DFDAE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9BFFA552D8284F86EFF871" blockId="4.[151,1436,1419,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA55325284F813AF8BD" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[314,585,1815,1839]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA55325284F813AF8BD" box="[314,585,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from Queensland, several of the specimens cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9BFFA552A428648211F8C1" author="Harmer" box="[187,354,1851,1875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 2. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expeditie, 28 b, i-viii, 181 - 501, pls 13 - 34." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from this region, as well as the Indonesian and Malaysian regions, do not belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA557002864823DF8E5" ID-CoL="4VZN8" authority="Tilbrook 2006" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityYear="2006" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA557002864865EF8C1" box="[1311,1325,1852,1875]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA55723286386EFF8C1" box="[1340,1436,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">diadema</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9BFFA5528128078234F8E5" author="Tilbrook" box="[158,327,1887,1911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, 4, 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9BFFA5534528388170F8E5" author="Harmer" box="[346,515,1887,1911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 2. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expeditie, 28 b, i-viii, 181 - 501, pls 13 - 34." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA5506E2807819CF8E5" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[625,751,1887,1911]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA5506E2807819CF8E5" box="[625,751,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the commonest species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA5565B28078799F8E5" ID-CoL="84TJR" box="[1092,1258,1887,1911]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA5565B28078799F8E5" box="[1092,1258,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Scrupocellaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found amongst the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA552DE28DB827CF809" ID-CoL="92MS7" box="[193,271,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA552DE28DB827CF809" box="[193,271,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Siboga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, characterised by its robust habit, the presence of short ovicells with tubular pores, variably shaped scuta, and gigantic frontal avicularia on the axillary zooids. At least three species were synonymised within the material he cited:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA55382289481BEF871" ID-CoL="897JS" authority="Busk, 1852" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1852" box="[413,717,1995,2019]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA553822894814FF871" box="[413,572,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">S. cervicornis</emphasis>
|
||
Busk, 1852
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9BFFA55112289487F9F871" authority="MacGillivray, 1887" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1887" box="[781,1162,1995,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annectens">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA55112289480EDF871" box="[781,926,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">S. annectens</emphasis>
|
||
MacGillivray, 1887
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EEE81F2FF9BFFA556C628938631F871" box="[1241,1346,1995,2019]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9BFFA55798289486EFF871" box="[1415,1436,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">S.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9AFFA452882FC1838DFDAE" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA452882FC182D5FF3D" authority="Thornely, 1907" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,422,151,176]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gaspari">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA452882FC1839EFF22" box="[151,237,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">gaspari</emphasis>
|
||
Thornely, 1907
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Gaspar Straits,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EEE81F2FF9AFFA450CB2FCF8049FF3D" box="[724,826,151,175]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9AFFA451612FCF8091FF3D" box="[894,994,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1296,1319]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,193,1274]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[170,1418,193,1275]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens reported as Scrupocellaria diadema by Harmer (1926). A, Scrupocellaria gaspari Thornely, 1907, NHMUK 1936.12. 3.146, syntype. B, Scrupocellaria sp. 1, NHMUK 1928.3. 6.178, Sulu Archipelago. C, Scrupocellaria sp. 2, NHMUK 1928.9. 13.102, Japan. D, Scrupocellaria sp. 3, NHMUK 1928.3. 6.180, New Guinea. Scale bars: 200 µm (A – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211375/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the figures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA456D82FC0863AFF22" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[1223,1353,152,176]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA456D82FC0863AFF22" box="[1223,1353,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA457982FC08266FF46" ID-CoL="897JS" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA457982FC08266FF46" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. cervicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9AFFA4539C2FE4816EFF46" author="Busk" box="[387,541,188,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" refString="Busk, G. (1852 b) Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British Museum, I. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, vii + 54 p., pls 1 - 68." type="book chapter" year="1852" yearSuffix="b">Busk (1852b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
it is possible to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA4514A2FE580A1FF46" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[853,978,188,212]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA4514A2FE580A1FF46" box="[853,978,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA456182FE587D2FF46" ID-CoL="897JS" box="[1031,1185,189,212]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA456182FE587D2FF46" box="[1031,1185,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. cervicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the shape of the frontal scuta and frontal avicularia. These characters are easily seen in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="39427FC0FF9AFFA451F82FB88764FF6A" box="[999,1047,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA456BA2FB88650FF6A" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[1189,1315,224,248]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA456BA2FB88650FF6A" box="[1189,1315,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NHMUK 1854.11.15.80,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9AFFA453592E5C82D5FE8E" box="[326,422,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,518,1461]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[170,1418,518,1461]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scrupocellaria diadema Busk, 1852 a. A – E, NHMUK 1854.11. 15.80, Holotype. A, frontal surface of branch at bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularium on the axial zooid. B, frontal surface of two branches at bifurcation; note the brooding autozooids and the bifurcating scutum on the brooding zooid (centre). C, frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the broken large frontal avicularium shown in profile (centre) and the single vibraculum. D, frontal surface of several zooids; note the variation in size of the frontal avicularia and the ovicell pores. E, close-up of partially cleaned frontal surface. Scale bars: 250 µm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B), 200 µm (E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA453AA2E5D8122FE8E" ID-CoL="897JS" box="[437,593,261,284]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA453AA2E5D8122FE8E" box="[437,593,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. cervicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NHMUK 1854.11.15.81). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9AFFA451E02E5D87DBFE8E" author="Harmer" box="[1023,1192,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1926) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 2. Cheilostomata Anasca. Siboga Expeditie, 28 b, i-viii, 181 - 501, pls 13 - 34." type="journal article" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the shape of the frontal scutum and frontal avicularium to be variable within a colony, describing a huge plasticity in their morphology. Comparison of Harmer’s (1926) cited
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA450F62E15801BFEF6" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[745,872,332,356]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA450F62E15801BFEF6" box="[745,872,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from different localities reveals some undescribed species (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9AFFA453AA2E378165FE15" box="[437,534,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1296,1319]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,193,1274]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[170,1418,193,1275]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens reported as Scrupocellaria diadema by Harmer (1926). A, Scrupocellaria gaspari Thornely, 1907, NHMUK 1936.12. 3.146, syntype. B, Scrupocellaria sp. 1, NHMUK 1928.3. 6.178, Sulu Archipelago. C, Scrupocellaria sp. 2, NHMUK 1928.9. 13.102, Japan. D, Scrupocellaria sp. 3, NHMUK 1928.3. 6.180, New Guinea. Scale bars: 200 µm (A – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211375/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Recent molecular evidence (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9AFFA451712E37876FFE15" author="Lee" box="[878,1052,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" refString="Lee, H. - J., Kwan, Y. - S., Kong, S. - R., Min, B. S., Seo, J. E. & Won, Y. - J. (2011) DNA Barcode examination of Bryozoa (Class: Gymnolaemata) in Korean seawater. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 27, 159 - 163." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Lee
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA451BD2E2980A6FE1A" box="[930,981,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reiterates that a species complex exists within material attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA4503B2ECD81D2FE3E" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[548,673,404,428]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA4503B2ECD81D2FE3E" box="[548,673,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore,
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA4513A2ECD874BFE3E" box="[805,1080,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA4513A2ECD809AFE3E" box="[805,1001,404,428]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="diadema" subSpecies="sensu">
|
||
S. diadema
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFBEA00BFF9AFFA451B42ECD809AFE3E" box="[939,1001,405,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stricto
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is not as common or as widely distributed as once thought. In addition, comparisons between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="39427FC0FF9AFFA451912EEF8083FE5D" box="[910,1008,439,463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA456062EE087EBFE42" ID-CoL="4VZN8" box="[1049,1176,440,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA456062EE087EBFE42" box="[1049,1176,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EC2DDE7FF9AFFA456C92EEF8647FE5D" box="[1238,1332,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,518,1461]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[170,1418,518,1461]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scrupocellaria diadema Busk, 1852 a. A – E, NHMUK 1854.11. 15.80, Holotype. A, frontal surface of branch at bifurcation; note the large frontal avicularium on the axial zooid. B, frontal surface of two branches at bifurcation; note the brooding autozooids and the bifurcating scutum on the brooding zooid (centre). C, frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the broken large frontal avicularium shown in profile (centre) and the single vibraculum. D, frontal surface of several zooids; note the variation in size of the frontal avicularia and the ovicell pores. E, close-up of partially cleaned frontal surface. Scale bars: 250 µm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B), 200 µm (E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the specimens figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8268BC93FF9AFFA453912E848132FE66" author="Tilbrook" box="[398,577,476,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, 4, 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
show the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EEE81F2FF9AFFA450AB2E84801CFE66" box="[692,879,476,500]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens to be distinct, i.e. characterised by the presence of slenderer branches, smaller lateral avicularia, and frontal avicularia with shorter bases than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA457982D588384FDAE" ID-CoL="4VZN8" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA457982D588384FDAE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEE392E9FF9AFFA452D82D1F8107FD5E" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E646C162FF9AFFA452D82D1F8107FD5E" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA452D82D1F8213FDF2" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA453752D10810FFDF2" box="[362,636,584,608]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="diadema">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA453752D10810FFDF2" box="[362,636,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Scrupocellaria diadema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded on numerous occasions throughout the Indo-West Pacific; however, as discussed above, some specimens belong to other species. Thus, the known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21F9BAE1FF9AFFA457982D35824FFD3A" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Scrupocellaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="diadema" subSpecies="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA457982D3586E6FD16" box="[1415,1429,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D48D1D70FF9AFFA452882DC8824FFD3A" box="[151,316,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
diadema
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFBEA00BFF9AFFA452E12DC9824FFD3A" box="[254,316,657,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stricto is limited to the Queensland coast, i.e. either side of the Cape York Peninsula – in the Gulf of Carpentaria and on the Great Barrier Reef.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |