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<document id="4E97C51E3A7FF0AF24B286BD09603EDE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4816.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954047" ID-ZooBank="0475E09C-792F-4F55-9F1F-C85B8A6E44AD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1595339129644" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Molina-Acevedo, Isabel C. &amp; Idris, Izwandy" docDate="2020" docId="E3069005FFA6FFD346D6FB4F7FD1FEB1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4816.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4816 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Marphysa de Quatrefages 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="1F3FE87DFFA4FFD04641FFE27C78FFAE" masterDocTitle="Reinstatement of species belonging Marphysa sanguinea complex (Annelida Eunicidae) and description of new species from the mid-Pacific Ocean and the Adriatic Sea" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698782273953" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="953F36D69AEBB660FAECA3394A42ABF8">Reinstatement of species belonging Marphysa sanguinea complex (Annelida Eunicidae) and description of new species from the mid-Pacific Ocean and the Adriatic Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C076EF026C381D5E124F866013411825">Molina-Acevedo, Isabel C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1AF06E8FCB25CF8C15F37B232ABC7579">Idris, Izwandy</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="23B57298FFA6FFD246D6FB4F7E0FFB69" box="[151,631,1197,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6B102113FFA6FFD246D6FB4F7E0FFB69" blockId="2.[151,631,1197,1224]" box="[151,631,1197,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="3058967FFFA6FFD246D6FB4F7E0FFB69" bold="true" box="[151,631,1197,1224]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD246D6FB4F7E0FFB69" bold="true" box="[151,631,1197,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD246AFFB4F7E0FFB69" ID-CoL="84Q23" authority="de Quatrefages, 1865" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[238,631,1197,1224]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD246AFFB4F7D10FB66" bold="true" box="[238,360,1197,1224]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa</emphasis>
de Quatrefages, 1865
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="23B57298FFA6FFD246D6FB107ED5FAA7" box="[151,685,1264,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6B102113FFA6FFD246D6FB107ED5FAA7" blockId="2.[151,685,1264,1290]" box="[151,685,1264,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="B4149FB1FFA6FFD246D6FB107CB1FAA4" box="[151,201,1266,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD24767FB137ED5FAA7" authority="(Montagu, 1813)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[294,685,1265,1289]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sanguinea">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD24767FB137D83FAA7" box="[294,507,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa sanguinea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD24448FB137EDEFAA7" author="Montagu, G." box="[521,678,1265,1289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="18 - 21" refId="ref31759" refString="Montagu, G. (1813) Descriptions of several new or rare animals principally marine, found on the south coast of Devonshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 11, 18 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1813. tb 00035. x" type="journal article" year="1813">Montagu, 1813</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23B57298FFA6FFD246D6FAD07FB0F952" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6B102113FFA6FFD246D6FAD07FB0F952" blockId="2.[151,1437,1330,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD246D6FAD07D72FAE2" bold="true" box="[151,266,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(modified after
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD24787FAD07FF0FAE2" author="Molina-Acevedo, I. C. &amp; Carrera-Parra, L. F." box="[454,904,1330,1356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref31493" refString="Molina-Acevedo, I. C. &amp; Carrera-Parra, L. F. (2017) Revision of Marphysa de Quatrefages, 1865 and some species of Nicidion Kinberg, 1865 with the erection of a new genus (Polychaeta: Eunicidae) from the Grand Caribbean. Zootaxa, 4241 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3925.1.3" type="journal article" year="2017">Molina-Acevedo &amp; Carrera-Parra 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Single-lobe prostomium or bilobed; five prostomial appendages without articulations (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD24435FAB47EB6FADE" box="[628,718,1366,1392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); eyes present or absent. Peristomium without peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae and an unpaired on left side (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD24253FA987815FA3A" box="[1042,1133,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
); MI forceps-like, without attachment lamella, with falcal arch well developed, in angular shape, with the outer base of MI concave and inner base oblique (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD24777FA207DE8FA72" box="[310,400,1474,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
);
<collectingRegion id="A96BEFF1FFA6FFD247E9FA217DACFA73" box="[424,468,1475,1501]" country="Japan" name="Mie" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MII</collectingRegion>
without attachment lamella; MIII curved, forming part of distal arc, with attachment lamella sclerotized, situated at the center of right edge of maxilla; MIV with attachment lamella sclerotized, situated in anterior edge of maxilla. Maxillae V unidentate. Branchiae distributed throughout the body. Dorsal cirri without articulation; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior region (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD24521F9CC7FE5F9E6" box="[864,925,1582,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
GK); ventral cirri with swollen base, oval or circular, in more than half of parapodia of the body (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD244A9F9B07F5EF9C2" box="[744,806,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
GK). Aciculae dark. Supracicular chaetae include limbate; pectinate chaetae thin narrow isodont in anterior region of the body (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD24595F9947849F93E" box="[980,1073,1654,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1M</figureCitation>
), pectinate chaetae isodont wide in median-posterior region, and/or thick wide anodont pectinate chaetae in posterior region (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD242D0F978797DF91B" box="[1169,1285,1690,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1N, P</figureCitation>
). Subacicular chaetae include compound falcigers, spinigers (
<figureCitation id="F3943D96FFA6FFD244EEF95C7F7BF976" box="[687,771,1726,1752]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[266,1322,179,1732]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Marphysa americana. Holotype BNHM 1932.12.24.554-556. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, ventral view; C. Anterior view, lateral view; D. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view; E. Left MI-II-III-IV-V, lateral view; F. Mandible; G. Parapodium 3; H. Parapodium 6; I. Parapodium 12; J. Parapodium 247; K. Parapodium 377; L. Compound spinigers, chaetiger 6; M. Thin, isodont narrow, asymmetric, with long and slender teeth, chaetiger 6; N. Thick, isodont wide, symmetric, with short and slender teeth, chaetiger 325; O. Thick, isodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 325; P. Thick, anodont wide, asymmetric, with long and thick teeth, chaetiger 377; Q. Subacicular hook, chaetiger 367.All chaetigers in anterior view; al-MIII: attachment lamella MIII; al-MIV: attachment lamella MIV. Scale bars: AC, 3 mm; D, 1.4 mm; E. 0.9 mm; F. 1.3 mm; GK, 0.2 mm; L, 0.1 mm; MQ, 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954049/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1L</figureCitation>
) or both. Subacicular hook, dark, or translucent, bidentate, or unidentate. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23B57298FFA6FFD34686F8E77FD1FEB1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6B102113FFA6FFD34686F8E77FD1FEB1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1330,2041]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,287]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD24686F8E77D4DF88E" bold="true" box="[199,309,1797,1824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD247F6F8E47E51F88E" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[439,553,1798,1824]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD247F6F8E47E51F88E" box="[439,553,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is represented by more than 90 species that are divided into several groups: A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2 (
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD247AEF8C87EE4F8EA" author="Fauchald, K." box="[495,668,1834,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref29668" refString="Fauchald, K. (1970) Polychaetous annelids of the families Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae, Iphitimidae, Arabellidae, Lysaretidae and Dorvilleidae from Western Mexico. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 5, 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1970">Fauchald 1970</bibRefCitation>
); Bellii group, Sanguinea group, and “Mortenseni group (
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD24370F8C87CABF8C6" author="Orensanz, J. M." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref31951" refString="Orensanz, J. M. (1990) The Eunicemorph polychaete annelids from Antarctic and Subantarctic Seas. With addenda to the Eunicemorpha of Argentina, Chile, New Zealand, Australia, and the Southern Indian Ocean. Antarctic Research Series, 52, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1990">Orensanz 1990</bibRefCitation>
); and Teretiuscula group (
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD247B7F8AC7F5BF8C6" author="Glasby, C. J. &amp; Hutchings, P. A." box="[502,803,1870,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="29 - 45" refId="ref29879" refString="Glasby, C. J. &amp; Hutchings, P. A. (2010) A new species of Marphysa Quatrefages, 1865 (Polychaeta: Eunicida: Eunicidae) from northern Australia and a review of similar taxa from the Indo-west Pacific, including the genus Nauphanta Kinberg, 1865. Zootaxa, 2352 (1), 29 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2352.1.2" type="journal article" year="2010">Glasby &amp; Hutchings 2010</bibRefCitation>
). This diversity of forms and groups leads to the conclusion that the generic boundaries of
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD24469F8907EE2F822" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[552,666,1906,1932]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD24469F8907EE2F822" box="[552,666,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in need of invetigation. Although
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD2420AF8907959F822" author="Zanol, J. &amp; Halanych, K. M. &amp; Fauchald, K." box="[1099,1313,1906,1933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="79 - 100" refId="ref32863" refString="Zanol, J., Halanych, K. M. &amp; Fauchald, K. (2014) Reconciling taxonomy and phylogeny in the bristleworm family Eunicidae (Polychaete: Annelida). Zoologica Scripta, 43, 79 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12034" type="journal article" year="2014">
Zanol
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD242D4F89178BFF822" box="[1173,1223,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
found that
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD246D6F8747D71F81E" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,265,1942,1968]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD246D6F8747D71F81E" box="[151,265,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a monophyletic grouping in a phylogenetic analysis of the
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD245AFF8747819F81E" authorityName="Berthold" authorityYear="1827" box="[1006,1121,1942,1968]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Eunicidae</taxonomicName>
, two new genera were erect- ed (
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD24687F8587F36F87A" authority="Molina-Acevedo &amp; Carrera-Parra, 2017" authorityName="Molina-Acevedo &amp; Carrera-Parra" authorityYear="2017" box="[198,846,1978,2004]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Treadwellphysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD24687F8587D0EF87A" box="[198,374,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Treadwellphysa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD247C0F8587F36F87A" author="Molina-Acevedo, I. C. &amp; Carrera-Parra, L. F." box="[385,846,1978,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref31493" refString="Molina-Acevedo, I. C. &amp; Carrera-Parra, L. F. (2017) Revision of Marphysa de Quatrefages, 1865 and some species of Nicidion Kinberg, 1865 with the erection of a new genus (Polychaeta: Eunicidae) from the Grand Caribbean. Zootaxa, 4241 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3925.1.3" type="journal article" year="2017">Molina-Acevedo &amp; Carrera-Parra, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD245D1F8587932F87A" authority="Molina-Acevedo, 2018" authorityName="Molina-Acevedo" authorityYear="2018" box="[912,1354,1978,2004]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Paucibranchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD245D1F858784EF87A" box="[912,1078,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paucibranchia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD24200F8587932F87A" author="Molina-Acevedo, I. C." box="[1089,1354,1978,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref31564" refString="Molina-Acevedo, I. C. (2018) Morphological revision of the Subgroup 1 Fauchald, 1970 of Marphysa de Quatrefages, 1865 (Eunicidae: Polychaeta). Zootaxa, 4480 (1), 001 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4480.1.1" type="book" year="2018">Molina-Acevedo, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) based on species previously assigned to two of the
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA6FFD244CEF83C7F79F856" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[655,769,2014,2040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA6FFD244CEF83C7F79F856" box="[655,769,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups (
<bibRefCitation id="0F3E5CE2FFA6FFD24522F83C7876F856" author="Fauchald, K." box="[867,1038,2014,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref29668" refString="Fauchald, K. (1970) Polychaetous annelids of the families Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae, Iphitimidae, Arabellidae, Lysaretidae and Dorvilleidae from Western Mexico. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 5, 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1970">Fauchald 1970</bibRefCitation>
). Morphological variability and the description of new genera suggest that monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA7FFD344A8FF7B7F23FF1D" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[745,859,153,179]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA7FFD344A8FF7B7F23FF1D" box="[745,859,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as presently define, is doubtful. Therefore, it is still necessary to perform revisionary work on the genus, ideally based on evidence morphological, molecular, ecological data, to resolve two main issues: (1) to corroborate if questionable taxa belong to
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA7FFD34212FF0378BDFF55" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[1107,1221,225,251]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA7FFD34212FF0378BDFF55" box="[1107,1221,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marphysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or different genera and (2) to achieve a more precise delimitation of the genus
<emphasis id="59DBFD01FFA7FFD34571FEE77FD1FEB1" box="[816,937,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="ACAF5A90FFA7FFD34571FEE77FDDFEB1" authorityName="de Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[816,933,261,287]" class="Polychaeta" family="Eunicidae" genus="Marphysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Marphysa</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>