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<document id="AFF12AFAD1BFED8CA3606EA22B5900DD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3893.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d8dd34e-6ba4-4c54-99ff-b34de0978996" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250297" ID-ZooBank="015E59F7-6450-40E4-81C8-B09024D4C7BA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460993670630" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Harmelin, Jean-Georges" docDate="2014" docId="95255B41F241FFEFEEE5E5FBE1CF3DEF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03893p338.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3893 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thalamoporella harmelini Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="305" masterDocId="691C2339F245FFEAEE72E563E00A3D17" masterDocTitle="Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea — new records from the coast of Lebanon" masterLastPageNumber="338" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="305" updateTime="1698562353552" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="68AF5D4643E6F99A52043B1CA5DAC902">Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea — new records from the coast of Lebanon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="12F764A3EDDD9B762DA74984FC04C72F">Harmelin, Jean-Georges</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="24CCE5BEA5E0CE00D45336F0A3EA0B4B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CF2336175C040D1351A9C4C963693F3E">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7D8E863DEA5A0F0491AFBFEC43F8AE37">2014-12-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ED6B80CCE70D119E1B09E9E664A7C827">3893</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="64DC4D624A21674582B635B58416FCA6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A7A312DF7263BF1553E8526C932D3E7F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3893.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="95255B41F241FFEFEEE5E5FBE1CF3DEF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929653" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95255B41F241FFEFEEE5E5FBE1CF3DEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95255B41F241FFEFEEE5E5FBE1CF3DEF" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEEEEE5E5FBE34F3DA5" box="[151,837,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E5FBE34F3DA5" blockId="4.[151,837,152,211]" box="[151,837,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<heading id="467B5D3BF241FFEEEEE5E5FBE34F3DA5" bold="true" box="[151,837,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E5FBE34F3DA5" ID-CoL="55Z8Q" authority="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1999" authorityName="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,837,152,178]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E5FBE34F3DA5" bold="true" box="[151,837,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E5FBE1DD3DA5" bold="true" box="[151,471,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella harmelini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEFACE5FBE34F3DA5" author="Soule" box="[478,837,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Soule, D. F., Soule, J. D. &amp; Chaney, H. W. (1999) New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Monograph Series, 4, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1999">Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEEEEE5E5D9E18A3DC4" box="[151,384,186,211]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="description">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E5D9E18A3DC4" blockId="4.[151,837,152,211]" box="[151,384,186,211]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
(
<figureCitation id="85B7F6D2F241FFEEEEEDE5D9E0D73DC4" box="[159,221,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,293,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,293,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Thalamoporella harmelini Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1999, Lebanon, Stn 13 A (from same colony as holotype): A, young part of colony with several autozooids and an avicularium; B, distal part of autozooid (slightly angled view), paired adoral tubercles and orifice with hooked condyles and granular proximal edge; C, avicularium and distal part of autozooid; D, basal insertion of the larger opesiule in two autozooids, each forming a closed loop; E, spicules. Scale bars: A, C, 100 µm; B, E, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250298/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A–E;
<tableCitation id="500EDFECF241FFEEEF56E5D9E17D3DC4" box="[292,375,186,211]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1049,1072]" captionTargetBox="[159,1330,1100,1370]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 2. Thalamoporella harmelini, morphometrics of three colonies from Stns 13 A, 13 B, 15 A." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="49F3BADFF241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEEEEE5E461E1B13C84" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E461E3733C0F" blockId="4.[151,1436,258,403]" box="[151,889,258,280]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F241FFEEEEE5E461E3733C0F" box="[151,889,258,280]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E461E2F63C0F" ID-CoL="55Z8Q" authority="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1999: 35" authorityName="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,764,258,280]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E461E1AB3C0F" box="[151,417,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella harmelini</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEFDAE461E2F63C0F" author="Soule" box="[424,764,258,280]" page="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEFDAE461E2DD3C0F" author="Soule" box="[424,727,258,280]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Soule, D. F., Soule, J. D. &amp; Chaney, H. W. (1999) New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Monograph Series, 4, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1999">Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 35
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 51–53.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E442E21A3C41" blockId="4.[151,1436,258,403]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F241FFEEEEE5E442E21A3C41" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E442E1853C20" ID-CoL="55Z8L" box="[151,399,289,311]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gothica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E442E1853C20" box="[151,399,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella gothica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEFEBE441E2EB3C20" authority="Powell 1969a: 159" authorityName="Powell" authorityPageNumber="159" authorityYear="1969" box="[409,737,289,311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" rank="variety" variety="indica">
var.
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEFBBE442E2023C20" box="[457,520,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">indica</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEC68E442E2EB3C20" author="Powell" box="[538,737,289,311]" page="159" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEC68E442E2A63C20" author="Powell" box="[538,684,289,311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Powell, N. A. (1969 a) Indo-Pacific Bryozoa new to the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 18, 157 - 168." type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="a">Powell 1969a</bibRefCitation>
: 159
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 3; d’Hondt 1988: 193, figs 3–6. Non
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEAC2E442E1893C41" ID-CoL="55Z8V" authority="Hincks, 1880: 380" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="380" authorityYear="1880" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEAC2E442E5963C20" box="[1200,1436,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella indica</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEEB5E423E1893C41" author="Hincks" box="[199,387,320,342]" page="380" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEEB5E423E15B3C41" author="Hincks" box="[199,337,320,342]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. III. Foreign Cheilostomata (miscellaneous). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 376 - 384, pls 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 380
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 16, fig. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E43DE1B13C84" blockId="4.[151,1436,258,403]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F241FFEEEEE5E43DE1B13C84" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E43DE29A3C63" ID-CoL="55Z8V" authority="Chaney et al. 1989: 348" authorityName="Chaney et al." authorityPageNumber="348" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,656,350,373]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E43DE18B3C63" box="[151,385,350,372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella indica</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEFE0E43DE29A3C63" author="Chaney" box="[402,656,350,373]" page="348" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEFE0E43DE2573C63" author="Chaney" box="[402,605,350,373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Chaney, H. W., Soule, D. F. &amp; Soule, J. D. (1989) Systematics and zoogeography of Thalamoporella gothica and its allied species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 45, 338 - 355." type="journal article" year="1989">
Chaney
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF9AE403E2123C63" box="[488,536,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">et al</emphasis>
. 1989
</bibRefCitation>
: 348
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(part);
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEC90E43DE4123C63" author="Bitar" box="[738,1048,350,372]" page="72" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEC90E43DE3E53C63" author="Bitar" box="[738,1007,350,372]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Bitar, G. &amp; Kouli-Bitar, S. (2001) Nouvelles donnees sur la faune et la flore benthique de la cote Libanaise. Migration lessepsienne. Thalassia Salentina, 25, 71 - 74." type="journal article" year="2001">Bitar &amp; Kouli-Bitar 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 72
</treatmentCitation>
. Non
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEA28E43DE13A3C84" ID-CoL="55Z8V" authority="Hincks, 1880: 380" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="380" authorityYear="1880" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEA28E43DE54F3C63" box="[1114,1349,350,372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella indica</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F241FFEEEB3CE43DE13A3C84" author="Hincks" page="380" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEB3CE43DE0F73C84" author="Hincks" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. III. Foreign Cheilostomata (miscellaneous). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 376 - 384, pls 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 380
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 16, fig. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEEEEE5E4D9E1EC3F74" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E4D9E1EC3F74" blockId="4.[151,1437,442,1007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E4D9E18B3CC4" bold="true" box="[151,385,442,467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Material examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEFFBE4D8E2AE3CC4" box="[393,676,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
Specimens from
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F241FFEEEC30E4D9E2AE3CC4" box="[578,676,442,467]" name="Lebanon" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 1) Stn 13A, a large (now fragmented), erect, bilaminar, foliaceous colony from which a fragment sent by JGH to D. Soule and J. Soule was designated as the
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F241FFEEEAFFE4BDE4E53CE0" box="[1165,1263,478,503]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEB66E4BCE5903CE0" box="[1300,1434,478,503]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEB66E4BCE5903CE0" box="[1300,1434,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectionCode id="7B9D7292F241FFEEEEEFE760E0D23F0C" box="[157,216,515,539]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/95c7-rrrz" name="Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">AHF</collectionCode>
(SBMNH-AHF) Bryozoan No. 248:
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEECF5E761E3D63F0C" author="Soule" box="[647,988,514,539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Soule, D. F., Soule, J. D. &amp; Chaney, H. W. (1999) New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Monograph Series, 4, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1999">Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney 1999</bibRefCitation>
]; the rest of this colony is deposited at
<collectionCode id="7B9D7292F241FFEEEEE5E744E0E63F29" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[151,236,551,574]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">MNHN</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="7B9D7292F241FFEEEF54E744E19E3F29" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" box="[294,404,551,574]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">NHMUK</collectionCode>
; 2) Stn 13B, a medium-sized erect, bilaminar, foliaceous colony; 3) Stn 15A, 3 encrusting unilaminar colonies on shells.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEEEEB5E70DE1193EF8" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="description">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEB5E70DE1193EF8" blockId="4.[151,1437,442,1007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEB5E70DE1533F90" bold="true" box="[199,345,622,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Description.</emphasis>
Colony encrusting, unilamellar (young stages), or ‘eschariform’, i.e. with irregularly anastomosing, bilamellar, foliaceous ramifications (older stages). Autozooids quadrate, arranged in linear rows. Frontal cryptocyst finely granular, with 30–60 small pseudopores, depressed at level of opesiules; these paired, bearing some small denticles on their distal margin, unevenly sized, the larger descending to the basal wall where its insertion forms a closed loop downwardly oriented and variably sized within colonies. Orifice generally as long as broad, poster concave, slightly granular, with two minute hooked condyles at each end, an inner, distal rim corresponding to proximal border of distally adjacent zooid. Paired adoral tubercles present, larger in older zooids. Avicularia relatively small (Az L/Av L = 1.4: ratio of mean values), longer than broad, rostrum pointed, raised on a bulging chamber at an angle of about 30°, sides a little convex, opesia semicircular, proximal cryptocyst with some tiny granules. Spicules are medium-sized callipers and compasses. Ovicells lacking in the
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F241FFEEEAB3E6D1E5293EDC" box="[1217,1315,946,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and other specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="49F3BADFF241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927" ID-Table-UUID="49F3BADFF241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927" box="[151,1200,1049,1072]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" targetBox="[159,1330,1100,1370]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEE5E17AE4BA3927" blockId="4.[151,1200,1049,1072]" box="[151,1200,1049,1072]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E17AE1033927" bold="true" box="[151,265,1049,1072]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF62E17AE2203927" box="[272,554,1049,1072]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF62E17AE2203927" box="[272,554,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, morphometrics of three colonies from Stns 13A, 13B, 15A.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEEDE12EE538384D" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<table id="6F8C18F7F2410015EEEDE12FE538384D" box="[159,1330,1100,1370]" gridcols="5" gridrows="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE12FE5383975" box="[159,1330,1100,1122]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE12FE1103975" box="[159,282,1100,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEEDE12EE1103975" box="[159,282,1100,1122]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEEDE12EE1103975" box="[159,282,1100,1122]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E12FE2833975" box="[611,649,1100,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">X</th>
<th id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE12FE3363975" box="[796,828,1100,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">SD</th>
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E12FE4143975" box="[965,1054,1100,1122]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Range</th>
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE12FE5383975" box="[1305,1330,1100,1122]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">N</th>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE116E538399C" box="[159,1330,1141,1163]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE116E110399C" box="[159,282,1141,1163]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Az L</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E116E283399C" box="[611,649,1141,1163]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">563</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE116E336399C" box="[796,828,1141,1163]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">51</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E116E414399C" box="[965,1054,1141,1163]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">450–650</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE116E538399C" box="[1305,1330,1141,1163]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE1FDE53839A3" box="[159,1330,1182,1204]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE1FDE11039A3" box="[159,282,1182,1204]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Az W</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E1FDE28339A3" box="[611,649,1182,1204]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">293</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE1FDE33639A3" box="[796,828,1182,1204]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">31</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E1FDE41439A3" box="[965,1054,1182,1204]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">245–365</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE1FDE53839A3" box="[1305,1330,1182,1204]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE1ABE53839C9" box="[159,1330,1224,1246]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE1ABE11039C9" box="[159,282,1224,1246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Or L</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E1ABE28339C9" box="[611,649,1224,1246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">144</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE1ABE33639C9" box="[796,828,1224,1246]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">14</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E1ABE41439C9" box="[965,1054,1224,1246]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">120–165</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE1ABE53839C9" box="[1305,1330,1224,1246]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE192E5383810" box="[159,1330,1265,1287]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE192E1103810" box="[159,282,1265,1287]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Or W</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E192E2833810" box="[611,649,1265,1287]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">143</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE192E3363810" box="[796,828,1265,1287]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">9</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E192E4143810" box="[965,1054,1265,1287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">120–155</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE192E5383810" box="[1305,1330,1265,1287]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE079E5383827" box="[159,1330,1306,1328]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE079E1103827" box="[159,282,1306,1328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Av L</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E079E2833827" box="[611,649,1306,1328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">390</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE079E3363827" box="[796,828,1306,1328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">51</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E079E4143827" box="[965,1054,1306,1328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">315–510</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE079E5383827" box="[1305,1330,1306,1328]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A3BCE815F2410015EEEDE027E538384D" box="[159,1330,1348,1370]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<th id="E06D8169F2410015EEEDE027E110384D" box="[159,282,1348,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Av W</th>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EC11E027E283384D" box="[611,649,1348,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">211</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015ED6EE027E336384D" box="[796,828,1348,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">60</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EDB7E027E414384D" box="[965,1054,1348,1370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">140–330</td>
<td id="E06D8169F2410015EB6BE027E538384D" box="[1305,1330,1348,1370]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">25</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF241FFEFEEB5E0FAE1CF3DEF" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEEEEB5E0FAE4EA3B9D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1433,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEB5E0FAE13138A5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1433,1458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF30E0FAE26038A5" box="[322,618,1433,1458]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF30E0FAE26038A5" box="[322,618,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a group of species with acute avicularian mandibles (
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEB4DE0FAE0F238C1" author="Soule" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Soule, D. F., Soule, J. D. &amp; Chaney, H. W. (1999) New species of Thalamoporella (Bryozoa) with acute or subacute avicularium mandibles and review of known species worldwide. Irene McCulloch Monograph Series, 4, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1999">
Soule
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEBFAE0F9E0A738C1" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">et al</emphasis>
. 1999
</bibRefCitation>
). It is seemingly closely related to
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEECF5E0DEE45538C1" authority="Osburn, 1914" authorityName="Osburn" authorityYear="1914" box="[647,1119,1469,1494]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="floridana">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEECF5E0DEE3A138C1" box="[647,939,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella floridana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEDC9E0DEE45D38C1" author="Osburn" box="[955,1111,1469,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Osburn, R. C. (1914) Bryozoa of the Tortugas Islands, Florida. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publications, 182, 181 - 222." type="journal article" year="1914">Osburn, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the eastern Caribbean and Florida,
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF5AE082E39938ED" authority="Chaney, Soule &amp; Soule, 1989" authorityName="Chaney, Soule &amp; Soule" authorityYear="1989" box="[296,915,1505,1530]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF5AE082E23038EE" box="[296,570,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella spinosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEC30E082E39938ED" author="Chaney" box="[578,915,1505,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Chaney, H. W., Soule, D. F. &amp; Soule, J. D. (1989) Systematics and zoogeography of Thalamoporella gothica and its allied species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 45, 338 - 355." type="journal article" year="1989">Chaney, Soule &amp; Soule, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf, and
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E366E27A3B09" authority="Levinsen, 1909" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,624,1541,1566]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="labiata">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E366E1A93B09" box="[151,419,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella labiata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEFC7E366E26D3B09" author="Levinsen" box="[437,615,1541,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1909) Morphological and systematic studies on the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Nationale Forfatteres Forlag, Copenhagen, 431 pp., 24 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5690" type="book" year="1909">Levinsen, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F241FFEEECC8E366E3063B09" box="[698,780,1541,1566]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
Strait. These four species have similarly shaped pointed avicularia, single closed-loop basal insertions and apparently no ovicells. Both
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEA78E349E4733B56" box="[1034,1145,1578,1601]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEA78E349E4733B56" box="[1034,1145,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. spinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEAC2E349E5103B55" box="[1200,1306,1577,1602]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="labiata">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEAC2E349E5103B55" box="[1200,1306,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. labiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E32DE1283B71" box="[151,290,1613,1638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E32DE1283B71" box="[151,290,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having orifices with a convex proximal lip. In
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEED19E32DE3FB3B71" box="[875,1009,1613,1638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="floridana">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEED19E32DE3FB3B71" box="[875,1009,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. floridana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basal-loop insertions are clearly shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF4DE311E1C23B9D" box="[319,456,1649,1674]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF4DE311E1C23B9D" box="[319,456,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the proximal lip of the orifice is smooth instead of being granular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F241FFEFEEB5E3F6E1CF3DEF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1433,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF34E3F6E1F03BB9" box="[326,506,1685,1710]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF34E3F6E1F03BB9" box="[326,506,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes 46 Recent species (
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEED34E3F6E3C23BB9" author="Bock" box="[838,968,1685,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Bock, P. E. (2014) Thalamoporella Hincks, 1887. The Bryozoa Home Page. Available from: http: // www. bryozoa. net / cheilostomata / thalamoporellidae / thalamoporella. html (accessed from 19 November 2014)" type="journal article" year="2014">Bock 2014</bibRefCitation>
), distributed in warm to warm-temperate waters of the Indo-Pacific realm (80%) and the W and E Atlantic (17.4%).
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEED92E3DAE50D3BC5" box="[992,1287,1721,1746]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEED92E3DAE50D3BC5" box="[992,1287,1721,1746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the only
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEEE5E3BEE1403BE1" box="[151,330,1757,1782]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEEE5E3BEE1403BE1" box="[151,330,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species recorded in the Mediterranean, exclusively from the Levant coasts. The figures and descriptions of specimens recorded from
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F241FFEEEC0AE262E2BC3A0D" box="[632,694,1793,1818]" name="Israel" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Israel</collectingCountry>
as
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEC91E262E4473A0D" authority="(Busk)" baseAuthorityName="Busk" box="[739,1101,1793,1818]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gothica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEC91E262E3FC3A0D" box="[739,1014,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Thalamoporella gothica</emphasis>
(Busk)
</taxonomicName>
var.
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEAF9E262E4DB3A0D" box="[1163,1233,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEAAEE262E57F3A0D" author="Hincks" box="[1244,1397,1793,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. III. Foreign Cheilostomata (miscellaneous). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 376 - 384, pls 16 - 17." type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
by
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEEE5E246E1483A29" author="Powell" box="[151,322,1829,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Powell, N. A. (1969 a) Indo-Pacific Bryozoa new to the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 18, 157 - 168." type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="a">Powell (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
and d’Hondt (1988) suggest that they are conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEDA7E245E4573A29" box="[981,1117,1829,1854]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEDA7E245E4573A29" box="[981,1117,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In particular, as pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEECEE22AE1663A75" author="Powell" box="[188,364,1865,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Powell, N. A. (1969 a) Indo-Pacific Bryozoa new to the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 18, 157 - 168." type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="a">Powell (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
, they have acute avicularia, no ovicells and their colonies are either encrusting or bilamellarfoliaceous. The occurrence of this species in
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F241FFEEECE1E20EE2DB3A91" box="[659,721,1901,1926]" name="Israel" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Israel</collectingCountry>
was confirmed by Noga Sokolover (pers. comm.
<date id="6932CC97F241FFEEEB77E20DE0DE3ABD" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2013-12-12">12 December 2013</date>
). Two other records of
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEF91E2F1E24E3ABD" box="[483,580,1937,1962]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEF91E2F1E24E3ABD" box="[483,580,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Eastern Mediterranean (
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEDBFE2F2E4A73ABD" author="Chaney" box="[973,1197,1937,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Chaney, H. W., Soule, D. F. &amp; Soule, J. D. (1989) Systematics and zoogeography of Thalamoporella gothica and its allied species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 45, 338 - 355." type="journal article" year="1989">
Chaney
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEA5FE2F1E46B3ABD" box="[1069,1121,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">et al</emphasis>
. 1989
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F241FFEEEAC8E2F2E0DA3AD9" author="Bitar" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Bitar, G. &amp; Kouli-Bitar, S. (2001) Nouvelles donnees sur la faune et la flore benthique de la cote Libanaise. Migration lessepsienne. Thalassia Salentina, 25, 71 - 74." type="journal article" year="2001">Bitar &amp; Kouli-Bitar 2001</bibRefCitation>
) correspond to Lebanese specimens from the present collection, assigned here to
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEA0DE2D5E5023AD9" box="[1151,1288,1973,1998]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEA0DE2D5E5023AD9" box="[1151,1288,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The known geographical range of
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F241FFEEEFE3E2B9E2133AE5" box="[401,537,2009,2034]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Thalamoporellidae" genus="Thalamoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="harmelini">
<emphasis id="2FF83645F241FFEEEFE3E2B9E2133AE5" box="[401,537,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">T. harmelini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to a limited portion of the Levantine basin, from Tel Aviv to Beirut, i.e. in the vicinity of large commercial ports, close to the Suez Canal. Conversely, despite large-scale sampling it was not recorded at other sites along the Lebanese coast. It is a typical cryptogenic species but its distribution argues for an exotic origin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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