treatments-xml/data/1B/3B/87/1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8.xml

<document id="0EBDDE2F6502F58F99B58C888BFBDC6B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11050899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050899" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1713896234350" checkinUser="juliana" docAuthor="Menezes, Naéreio A. &amp; Weitzman, Stanley H." docDate="1990" docId="1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcBiolSocWash.103.2.380-426.pdf (1).imf" docOrigin="Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 103 (2)" docTitle="Mimagoniates sylvicola Menezes &amp; Weitzman 1990, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="77A98C8E-102F-44EF-B571-2B495AF1691A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="E702FFFDFFA5FFF0816DFFD1FFAAFF94" masterDocTitle="TWO NEW SPECIES OF MIMAGONIA TES (TELEOSTEI: CHARACIDAE: GLANDULOCAUDINAE), THEIR PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY AND A KEY TO THE GLANDULOCAUDIN FISHES OF BRAZIL AND PARAGUAY" masterLastPageNumber="426" masterPageNumber="380" pageNumber="387" updateTime="1713903832376" updateUser="juliana">
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<mods:title id="9C5EF12F9D0CC82554ED97BCE19E8FDB">TWO NEW SPECIES OF MIMAGONIA TES (TELEOSTEI: CHARACIDAE: GLANDULOCAUDINAE), THEIR PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY AND A KEY TO THE GLANDULOCAUDIN FISHES OF BRAZIL AND PARAGUAY</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F55A5EAC68E825475B1C7C4CDA791DD">Menezes, Naéreio A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FDB718A2FEBB72A30B2BCE14C8069BBA">Weitzman, Stanley H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8A7705A1349D5D7FB2600F14838DEF41">Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="677419B64DD9D9E204A2E730BEE7A0D4">1990</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="DB886518FFA2FFF7812EFC24FDAEFB99" box="[67,516,1012,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA2FFF7812EFC24FDAEFB99" blockId="7.[67,516,1012,1071]" box="[67,516,1012,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
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<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF7812EFC24FEC8FB9A" ID-CoL="6RKJS" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[67,354,1012,1038]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF7812EFC24FEC8FB9A" box="[67,354,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFA2FFF78019FC2AFDAEFB99" box="[372,516,1012,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="DB886518FFA2FFF781C0FBC7FE3DFBBE" box="[173,407,1046,1071]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="description">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA2FFF781C0FBC7FE3DFBBE" blockId="7.[67,516,1012,1071]" box="[173,407,1046,1071]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFA2FFF781C0FBC7FE80FBBE" box="[173,298,1046,1071]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStart-7="Fig" captionStart-8="Fig" captionStartId-0="12.[82,112,590,611]" captionStartId-1="13.[46,77,595,615]" captionStartId-2="14.[91,121,768,789]" captionStartId-3="15.[43,74,905,926]" captionStartId-4="16.[97,127,509,530]" captionStartId-5="17.[43,74,1151,1172]" captionStartId-6="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionStartId-7="19.[50,80,1022,1043]" captionStartId-8="20.[91,121,1017,1037]" captionTargetBox-0="[96,1116,203,515]" captionTargetBox-1="[72,1073,200,549]" captionTargetBox-2="[70,1142,160,742]" captionTargetBox-3="[85,1022,161,878]" captionTargetBox-4="[72,1162,173,491]" captionTargetBox-5="[115,993,157,1131]" captionTargetBox-6="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetBox-7="[36,1083,150,1001]" captionTargetBox-8="[90,1147,160,998]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionTargetPageId-5="17" captionTargetPageId-6="18" captionTargetPageId-7="19" captionTargetPageId-8="20" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Mimaganiates sylvicola, new species, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, USNM 276547, female, SL 25.7 mm, Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, rio do Sul." captionText-2="Fig. 9. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species. paratype, anterior 11 anal-ﬁn rays of an adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left, Sl 32.5 mm, USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. For explanation see Description of M sylvicola." captionText-3="Fig. 10. Mmagoniates sylvícola, new species, paratype, pelvic-ﬁn osteology of an adult male, ventral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. Medial ﬁn-ray at bottom of picture." captionText-4="Fig. 12. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, osteology ofcentral basal region ofcaudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal rays 6-15, of an adult male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 32.5 mm. USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates area of fully developed caudal pump. (B) Illustrates relationship of modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation to pump skeleton." captionText-5="Fig. 13. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, jaws and dentition of an adult male, lateral view, right side, anterior at right. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. For explanation see text under Description of M sylvicola." captionText-6="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." captionText-7="Fig. 15. Mimagoniates sylvicola and Mimagoniates lateralis, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult males. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males of M. sylvicola: (Y = —2.650 + 1.420X) and 22 males of M lateralis: (Y = 0.473 + 0.695X). For explanation see Discussion under M. sylvicola." captionText-8="Fig. 16. Mimagoniates sylvicola and Mimagoniates lateralis, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult females. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 4S females ofM. sylvicola: (Y = —2.567 + 1.385X) and 26 females ofM lateralis: (Y = -1.807 + 1. ll 8X). For explanationseeDiscussion under M. sylvicola." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050918" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050920" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050923" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050927" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050929" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050933" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050936" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11050918/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11050920/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11050923/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11050927/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11050929/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/11050933/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/11050936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Figs. 7—16</figureCitation>
, Table 1
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DB886518FFA2FFF78171FB96FE72FB16" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA2FFF78171FB96FE72FB16" blockId="7.[28,555,1095,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
Species A. —
<bibRefCitation id="F7034B62FFA2FFF781D4FB96FE7BFBC8" author="Weitzman, S. H. &amp; N. A. Menezes &amp; M. J. Weitzman" bookContentInfo="Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." box="[185,465,1095,1120]" editor="P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" pagination="379 - 427" refId="ref24287" refString="-, -, &amp; M. J. Weitzman. 1988. Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil. Pp. 379 - 427 in P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer, ed., Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." title="Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil." type="proceedings paper" year="1988">Weitzman et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
:ﬁgs. 6, 10 [phylogeny and biogeography].
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF7815BFB48FD80FAE1" collectingDate="1985-03-20" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="N. Menezes &amp; R. M. C. Castro &amp; M. Weitzman &amp; S. Weitzman" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.05" location="Atlantic Ocean" longitude="-39.216667" municipality="Municipio de Prado" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="MZUSP 36612" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="4C298831FFA2FFF7815BFB48FF0BFB27" box="[54,161,1177,1203]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. —
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF781A4FB4BFED1FB3A" box="[201,379,1178,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">MZUSP 36612</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF780E7FB4BFE69FB3A" box="[394,451,1178,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="male">male</specimenCount>
, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78094FB4BFFE6FB5B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.02" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="30.2">30.2 mm</quantity>
,
<collectingCountry id="EB857603FFA2FFF78109FB6AFF06FB5B" box="[100,172,1211,1231]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5156F871FFA2FFF781AEFB6AFEA3FB44" box="[195,265,1211,1232]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7349ACE9FFA2FFF7804DFB6BFD8EFB44" box="[288,548,1210,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Município de Prado</collectingMunicipality>
, forest stream tributary to
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78005FB0DFD8EFB65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78005FB0DFD8EFB65" box="[360,548,1244,1265]" country="Brazil" longitude="-39.216667" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Atlantic Ocean" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Atlantic Ocean</location>
, near
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. approximately
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NW
</locationDeviation>
of
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,
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="F768E9BBFFA2FFF781F8FAEEFE98FAC0" box="[149,306,1343,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" value="1985-03-20">20 Mar 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF7802EFA91FE7EFAC0" box="[323,468,1344,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">N. Menezes</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF78088FA91FF27FAE1" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">R. M. C. Castro</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF781F0FAB0FEEEFAE1" box="[157,324,1376,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">M. Weitzman</collectorName>
, and
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF780E4FAB0FD8EFAE1" box="[393,548,1376,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">S. Weitzman</collectorName>
.
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF7815BFA53FFE7FA6C" collectingDate="1985-03-20" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="N. Menezes &amp; R. M. C. Castro &amp; M. Weitzman &amp; S. Weitzman" country="Brazil" location="Atlantic Ocean" longitude="-39.216667" municipality="Municipio de Prado" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="MZUSP 28817" specimenCount="42" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF7815BFA53FF1BFA0E" box="[54,177,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
<typeStatus id="4C298831FFA2FFF7815BFA53FF1BFA0E" box="[54,177,1410,1434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. -Following 2 lots of immatures to adults collected with holotype:
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF78171FA15FF76FA4C" box="[28,220,1475,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">MZUSP 28817</specimenCode>
, spms.
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, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF780DBFA15FFE7FA6C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2649999999999997" metricValueMax="3.02" metricValueMin="1.51" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="22.65" valueMax="30.2" valueMin="15.1">15.1-30.2 mm</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF7810CFA35FE5BF9AB" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="USNM 276557" specimenCount="44" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF7810CFA35FE8BFA6D" box="[97,289,1508,1529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">USNM 276557</specimenCode>
, spms.
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, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78080FA34FF23F98D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.41" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="1.47" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="24.1" valueMax="33.5" valueMin="14.7">14.7- 33.5 mm</quantity>
,
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF781F1F9D7FF40F98E" box="[156,234,1542,1562]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78076F9D4FE22F98D" box="[283,392,1541,1562]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.93" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="29.3">29.3 mm</quantity>
and
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF780A5F9D7FD86F98E" box="[456,556,1541,1562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="larva">l female</specimenCount>
SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78129F9F7FF05F9AE" box="[68,175,1574,1594]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="26.6">26.6 mm</quantity>
[both cleared and stained].
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF78097F9F7FE6FF929" collectingDate="1985-03-20" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="N. Menezes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="MZUSP 28815" specimenCount="77" typeStatus="paratype">
Following lots of immature to adult
<typeStatus id="4C298831FFA2FFF780DAF99BFD86F9F4" box="[439,556,1610,1632]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">paratypes</typeStatus>
all collected
<date id="E72C1053FFA2FFF781D0F9B9FECAF9E8" box="[189,352,1640,1660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" value="1985-03-20">
<collectingDate id="F768E9BBFFA2FFF781D0F9B9FECAF9E8" box="[189,352,1640,1660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" value="1985-03-20">20 Mar 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
by
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF780F5F9B9FD86F9E8" box="[408,556,1640,1660]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">N. Menezes</collectorName>
and party unless otherwise noted:
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF780AAF958FFCDF929" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">MZUSP 28815</specimenCode>
, spms.
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF781AEF97BFF75F929" box="[195,223,1706,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">77</specimenCount>
, SL l 1.0-
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF7803AF97BFE6FF929" box="[343,453,1706,1726]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="27.4">27.4 mm</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF780BEF97BFC25FC7D" collectionCode="USNM" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.0" location="Sul" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="USNM 276547" specimenCount="77" stateProvince="Bahia">
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF780BEF97BFD03FCF0" box="[467,681,848,1726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">USNM 276547</specimenCode>
, spms.
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF78261FC81FC82FCF0" box="[780,808,848,868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">77</specimenCount>
, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78204FC81FBB2FCF0" box="[873,1048,848,868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" metricValueMax="2.7399999999999998" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="20.9" valueMax="27.4" valueMin="14.4">14.4-27.4 mm</quantity>
,
<collectingCountry id="EB857603FFA2FFF78547FC81FDC0FC11" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5156F871FFA2FFF78316FCA0FD6AFC11" box="[635,704,881,901]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7349ACE9FFA2FFF783BCFCA1FC6FFC11" box="[721,965,880,905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Município de Prado</collectingMunicipality>
, ﬁrst stream (locally called rio do
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78235FC43FCD7FC32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78235FC43FCD7FC32" box="[856,893,914,934]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.0" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Sul" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Sul</location>
) south of rio
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78543FC40FBFDFC32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78543FC40FBFDFC32" box="[1070,1111,913,934]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.0" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Cai" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Cai</location>
, on road between
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF7825BFC62FC42FC53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF7825BFC62FC42FC53" box="[822,1000,947,967]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.0" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Cumuruxatiba" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Cumuruxatiba</location>
and
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78559FC65FD0FFC79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78559FC65FD0FFC79" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.0" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Itamaraju" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Itamaraju</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF783D4FC04FCBBFC79" box="[697,785,980,1005]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-17.0">17°00'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF7824EFC05FC23FC7C" box="[803,905,980,1005]" degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-39.2">39° 12' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF782F1FC05FC5BFBF9" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.016666" location="Cumuruxatiba" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="MZUSP 28816" specimenCount="28" stateProvince="Bahia">
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF782F1FC05FBFCFC7D" box="[924,1110,980,1001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">MZUSP 28816</specimenCode>
, sprns.
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF783CDFC27FD16FB9E" box="[672,700,1014,1034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">28</specimenCount>
, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF7826DFC27FC18FB9D" box="[768,946,1014,1034]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" metricValueMax="2.51" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="18.9" valueMax="25.1" valueMin="12.7">12.7-25.1 mm</quantity>
; 6, spms. 25, SL 13.2-24.0 mm,
<collectingCountry id="EB857603FFA2FFF78259FBC7FCD6FBBF" box="[820,892,1046,1067]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5156F871FFA2FFF782E6FBC7FC7AFBBF" box="[907,976,1046,1067]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7349ACE9FFA2FFF782B2FBC4FD14FBD8" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Municipio de Prado</collectingMunicipality>
, small stream NW of
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF7828DFBE9FD24FBF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF7828DFBE9FD24FBF9" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.016666" longLatPrecision="1280" longitude="-39.2" municipality="Municipio de Prado" name="Cumuruxatiba" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Cumuruxatiba</location>
, about
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF7826EFB88FCC8FBF9" box="[771,866,1113,1137]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-17.016666">17 °01' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF78216FB88FC40FBF9" box="[891,1002,1113,1133]" degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-39.2">39 ° 12 ' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF7856FFB88FBF4FB1A" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="USNM 300633" specimenCount="5">
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF7856FFB88FD02FB1A" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">USNM 300633</specimenCode>
, spms.
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF7827BFBABFC88FB1A" box="[790,802,1146,1166]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">5</specimenCount>
, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78207FBABFB88FB1A" box="[874,1058,1146,1166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="2.23" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="26.8" valueMax="31.3" valueMin="22.3">22.3-31.3 mm</quantity>
and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="23FA3CCEFFA2FFF78323FB4AFBF9FAED" collectingDate="1986-02-19" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="I. Rosa" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.333334" location="Ronca Agua" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-30.116667" municipality="Municipio de Porto Seguro" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" specimenCode="USNM 300634" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<specimenCode id="C3349EE8FFA2FFF78323FB4AFCACFB3B" box="[590,774,1179,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">USNM 300634</specimenCode>
, spm.
<specimenCount id="8594FD1AFFA2FFF78237FB4AFCCBFB3B" box="[858,865,1179,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="larva">l</specimenCount>
, cleared and stained, SL
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF78311FB6DFD46FB44" box="[636,748,1212,1232]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="31.8">31.8 mm</quantity>
,
<collectingCountry id="EB857603FFA2FFF7826CFB6DFCE2FB44" box="[769,840,1212,1232]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5156F871FFA2FFF78230FB6DFC08FB44" box="[861,930,1212,1232]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7349ACE9FFA2FFF782DAFB6AFD41FB62" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Municipio de Porto Seguro</collectingMunicipality>
, riacho
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78223FB0FFC49FB62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78223FB0FFC49FB62" box="[846,995,1239,1270]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.333334" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-30.116667" municipality="Municipio de Porto Seguro" name="Ronca Agua" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Ronca Água</location>
, tributary to right margin of rio
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF7820BFB2FFC75FA83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF7820BFB2FFC75FA83" box="[870,991,1278,1303]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.333334" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-30.116667" municipality="Municipio de Porto Seguro" name="Camurugi" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Camurugi</location>
, tributary to rio
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF783FAFACEFC9FFAA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF783FAFACEFC9FFAA7" box="[663,821,1311,1333]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.333334" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-30.116667" municipality="Municipio de Porto Seguro" name="Joao de Tiba" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">João de Tiba</location>
drainage,
<locationDeviation id="829F2FB1FFA2FFF782D4FACEFB94FAA6" bearing="315.0" box="[953,1086,1311,1331]" distance="15000.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
<quantity id="546A9B76FFA2FFF782D4FACEFBA8FAA7" box="[953,1026,1311,1331]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
NW
</locationDeviation>
of
<location id="964D6048FFA2FFF78323FA91FCABFACD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3B8785FFA2FFE3812EFC24FD56FAB8:964D6048FFA2FFF78323FA91FCABFACD" box="[590,769,1344,1369]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.333334" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-30.116667" municipality="Municipio de Porto Seguro" name="Porto Seguro" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" stateProvince="Bahia">Porto Seguro</location>
, approximately
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF7829BFA91FBFEFAC0" box="[1014,1108,1343,1367]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-16.333334">16°20’ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F6A65054FFA2FFF78322FAB0FD1CFAE1" box="[591,694,1377,1401]" degrees="30" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" precision="925" value="-30.116667">30°07 ' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="E72C1053FFA2FFF783A6FAB0FCC8FAE1" box="[715,866,1377,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" value="1986-02-19">
<collectingDate id="F768E9BBFFA2FFF783A6FAB0FCC8FAE1" box="[715,866,1377,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" value="1986-02-19">19 Feb 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="3E675345FFA2FFF7821BFAB0FC64FAE1" box="[886,974,1377,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">I. Rosa</collectorName>
and party.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DB886518FFA2FFF98305FA53FF16F9EF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA2FFF98305FA53FF16F9EF" blockId="7.[589,1122,848,1731]" lastBlockId="9.[36,568,1104,1692]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF78305FA53FD75FA0F" box="[616,735,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. -
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF7839BFA53FB8BFA0E" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[758,1057,1408,1435]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF7839BFA53FB8BFA0E" box="[758,1057,1408,1435]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be separated from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF78542FA73FD73FA49" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF78542FA73FD73FA49" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by use of the key to the species provided above. It is distinguished from its morphologically most similar relative,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF78554F9D4FD07F9AF" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF78554F9D4FBFEF98C" box="[1081,1108,1541,1560]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF78323F9F7FD07F9AF" box="[590,685,1574,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the following characters: lateral series scales 49-56 (37—44 for
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF782D3F996FBE1F9CE" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[958,1099,1605,1626]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF782D3F996FC73F9CE" box="[958,985,1607,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF78287F994FBE1F9CE" box="[1002,1099,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), scale rows between dorsal-ﬁn and anal-ﬁn origins 16- 18 (12-15 for
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA2FFF782ECF958FBA7F908" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[897,1037,1671,1692]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF782ECF958FC31F908" box="[897,923,1673,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA2FFF782C0F956FBA7F908" box="[941,1037,1671,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="387">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Certain body measurement ratios differ significantly between adults of these species but overlap broadly in young and juveniles. For example, body depths in adult males and females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF881AEFAD3FEF8FA8F" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[195,338,1281,1307]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF881AEFAD3FF77FA82" box="[195,221,1282,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88181FAD0FEF8FA8F" box="[236,338,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diverge considerably from those in adult males and females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF88129FA95FF7BFACC" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[68,209,1347,1368]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88129FA95FF7BFACC" box="[68,209,1347,1368]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(body more elongate and slender). See “
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF881ABFAB4FEECFAED" box="[198,326,1381,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">Discussion</emphasis>
” below and
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFADFFF88084FAB4FDE2FAEE" box="[489,584,1381,1406]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[50,80,1022,1043]" captionTargetBox="[36,1083,150,1001]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 15. Mimagoniates sylvicola and Mimagoniates lateralis, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult males. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males of M. sylvicola: (Y = —2.650 + 1.420X) and 22 males of M lateralis: (Y = 0.473 + 0.695X). For explanation see Discussion under M. sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050933/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFADFFF88125FA54FFCBFA0D" box="[72,97,1413,1433]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[91,121,1017,1037]" captionTargetBox="[90,1147,160,998]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 16. Mimagoniates sylvicola and Mimagoniates lateralis, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult females. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 4S females ofM. sylvicola: (Y = —2.567 + 1.385X) and 26 females ofM lateralis: (Y = -1.807 + 1. ll 8X). For explanationseeDiscussion under M. sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050936/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">16</figureCitation>
. Preserved and live colors differ between the species. Preserved males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF880ACFA76FDF8FA54" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[449,594,1446,1472]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF880ACFA76FDF8FA54" box="[449,594,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with dark lateral body stripe relatively pale and diffuse, occurring mostly at and partly dorsal to mid-lateral body region. Approximately dorsal half of opercle dark. nearly black (relatively pale in
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF88030F99AFE4CF9CB" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[349,486,1610,1631]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88030F99AFE4CF9CB" box="[349,486,1610,1631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF88091F99BFEA5F9EB" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88091F99BFEA5F9EB" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">Mimagoniates lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a dark, relatively narrow, clearly deﬁned lateral body stripe that lies mostly ventral to mid-lateral body region. Dark stripe continues onto ventral onethird of opercle. Males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF882DFFB33FBEEFB6E" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[946,1092,1248,1274]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF882DFFB33FBEEFB6E" box="[946,1092,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with distal one-fourth to one-ﬁfth (less posteriorly) of anal-ﬁn rays black (distal twothirds to one-half black in
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF882B0FA92FBDBFACC" box="[989,1137,1347,1373]" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF882B0FA92FBDBFACC" box="[989,1137,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF88389FAB6FCDAFAEE" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[740,880,1381,1402]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88389FAB6FD57FAEE" box="[740,765,1383,1402]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF88262FAB4FCDAFAEE" box="[783,880,1381,1402]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with distal one-fourth of most elongate anterior unbranched ray and branched portions of anterior ﬁve to six branched rays hyaline or with a thin scattering of dark chromatophores, never black as in
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF883DFF9DAFCE8F9B7" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[690,834,1545,1571]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF883DFF9DAFD67F98A" box="[690,717,1547,1566]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF883B1F9D8FCE8F9B7" box="[732,834,1545,1571]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Numerous other, but less obvious, color differences occur in preserved males of both species. These best discerned by comparing respective color descriptions given below. Life color of these species quite different. Male
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF980F1FB83FD9EFBFE" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[412,564,1104,1130]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF980F1FB83FE1CFBF1" box="[412,438,1106,1125]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF980A3FB81FD9EFBFE" box="[462,564,1104,1130]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with dorsally located black lateral “ stripe ” obscured by silvery blue reﬂective color, especially anteriorly. Ventrally located black stripe of male
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF981A3FB07FEF3FB7E" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[206,345,1237,1258]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF981A3FB07FEF3FB7E" box="[206,345,1237,1258]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deep black except at its mid-length ventral to dorsal-ﬁn origin where partly obscured by blue to silvery pigment in some population samples. Wild caught males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF98183FA8AFED6FAFB" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[238,380,1369,1391]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF98183FA8AFED6FAFB" box="[238,380,1369,1391]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a yelloworange stripe just ventral to black lateral stripe, absent in
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF98186FA4DFED1FA21" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[235,379,1435,1461]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF98186FA4DFEAFFA24" box="[235,261,1436,1456]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF98078FA4AFED1FA21" box="[277,379,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although both species often with anal-ﬁn base yellow to orange. Note, in aquaria at least,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF980C7FA0EFD9FFA66" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[426,565,1501,1522]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF980C7FA0EFE6FFA66" box="[426,453,1503,1522]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF980B9FA0CFD9FFA66" box="[468,565,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
loses yellow or orange coloration but black stripe always present. See live color descriptions below for a more complete account of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF98149F9B2FF1CF9EF" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[36,182,1634,1659]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF98149F9B2FF95F9E2" box="[36,63,1635,1654]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF9813DF9B3FF1CF9EF" box="[80,182,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFADFFF8813AFC7EFECDFBF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050909/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" startId="8.[87,118,943,963]" targetBox="[59,1157,155,873]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFADFFF8813AFC7EFECDFBF0" blockId="8.[65,1157,941,1128]" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">
Fig. 4.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFADFFF881C7FC7EFE35FC57" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[170,415,942,963]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFADFFF881C7FC7EFE35FC57" box="[170,415,942,963]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="388">Mimagoniates microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, unstained central basal region of caudal ﬁn adjacent to caudal peduncle of a preserved adult male, lateral view, left side. anterior at left. SL 51.7 mm, USNM 279876, Brazil, Santa Catarina, rio Itapocú. Illustrates external features of a caudal gland with a complex pump chamber. Arrow at left indicates anterior intake opening. middle arrow indicates lateral slit of chamber and arrow at right designates posterior exit opening of chamber. These openings surrounded by glandular tissue, especially exit opening. Modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn scales appear as rather poorly focused &quot;ghost&quot; images in upper half of picture, above main body of pump chamber.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFACFFF98156FC62FBC2FB81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050911/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" startId="9.[59,90,947,967]" targetBox="[45,1115,153,920]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFACFFF98156FC62FBC2FB81" blockId="9.[38,1129,945,1050]" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF98156FC62FFDEFC57" bold="true" box="[59,116,947,967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFACFFF981FCFC62FE21FC52" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[145,395,945,967]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF981FCFC62FE21FC52" box="[145,395,945,967]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">Mimagoniates microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, osteology of central and basal region of caudal skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 45.3 mm, USNM 236089, Brazil, Parana, rio Nhundiaquara at Morretes. Relationship of modified dorsal lobe caudal-ﬁn squamation to caudal gland shown in inset at left. Distal regions of ventral and posterior scales and their epidermis form a ﬂap partly covering intake openings of pump chamber.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DB886518FFACFFE0812DF955FF11FB4F" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="9" pageNumber="389" type="description">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFACFFF9812DF955FC3BFA04" blockId="9.[36,568,1104,1692]" lastBlockId="9.[597,1126,1105,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFACFFF9812DF955FF63F908" box="[64,201,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">Description</emphasis>
. -Table 1 presents morphometrics of holotype and paratypes. Except where noted, entire description refers to lots from near Cumuruxatiba. These collections are treated statistically as one population sample since no statistical differences were found among them and all lots were collected from only a few kilometers apart. Counts for specimens from rio Camurugi are given only when they differ from those from near Cumuruxatiba.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFACFFFA831CFA4FFD84F91C" blockId="9.[597,1126,1105,1693]" lastBlockId="10.[62,593,1285,1704]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="9" pageNumber="389">Body compressed, moderately elongate; body deepest about midway between snout tip and dorsal-ﬁn origin, near anal-ﬁn origin. Predorsal body proﬁle gently convex to snout tip. Body proﬁle slightly elevated at dorsal-ﬁn origin, straight along dorsal-ﬁn base and nearly straight to origin of dorsal procurrent caudal-ﬁn rays. Dorsal-ﬁn origin nearer to caudal-ﬁn base than to snout tip. Ventral body proﬁle convex from anterior tip of lower jaw to point on abdomen about midway between pectoral- and pelvic-ﬁn bases. Belly proﬁle abruptly becomes concave and then straight to anal-ﬁn origin. Body proﬁle slightly convex along anal-ﬁn base to anal-ﬁn insertion. Ventral proﬁle of caudal peduncle slightly convex, especially in adult males where proﬁle formed by ventral procurrent caudal ﬁn rays. In females and juveniles this proﬁle nearly straight.</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFAFFFFA8138FBC3FE24FB5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050913/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="390" startId="10.[85,116,1042,1063]" targetBox="[63,1131,163,1022]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAFFFFA8138FBC3FE24FB5D" blockId="10.[63,1155,1042,1228]" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA8138FBC3FF38FBB7" bold="true" box="[85,146,1042,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAFFFFA81C7FBC3FE6BFBBC" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1911" box="[170,449,1042,1064]" family="Characidae" genus="Glandulocauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanogenys">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA81C7FBC3FE6BFBBC" box="[170,449,1042,1064]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">Glandulocauda melanogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, osteology of central and basal region of caudal Skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 40.2 mm, USNM 236093, Brazil, São Paulo, headwater stream of rio Tietê near Campo Grande (= Alto da Serra, type locality). about 3.5 km west of Paranapiacaba. Decurved principal caudal-ﬁn rays 11 and 12 are labeled and inset at left illustrates relationship of modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn squamation to rays ll and 12. Note that modiﬁed caudal-ﬁn squarnation of females of in all species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAFFFFA812DFB4AFF78FB39" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1911" box="[64,210,1179,1197]" family="Characidae" genus="Glandulocauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA812DFB4AFF78FB39" box="[64,210,1179,1197]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">Glandulocauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAFFFFA8065FB4DFE3FFB25" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[264,405,1180,1201]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="390" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA8065FB4DFE3FFB25" box="[264,405,1180,1201]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to that illustrated here but may reach only about half the relative dimensions depicted here.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAFFFFA8131F941FD36F9B1" blockId="10.[62,593,1285,1704]" lastBlockId="10.[623,1154,1284,1706]" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">Head and snout of moderate size in proportion to body length. Lower jaw protruding, anterior to upper jaw. Lower jaw of males thick and heavy compared to that of females. Mouth angled posteroventrally from anterior tip of snout to posterior part of mandibular joint. Maxilla extending posteriorly to a point anterior of a vertical line drawn through anterior border of pupil of eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAFFFFB83E6F9FCFD1AFA2D" blockId="10.[623,1154,1284,1706]" lastBlockId="11.[590,1119,1113,1700]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">
Dorsal-ﬁn rays ii, 8 (unbranched rays ii in all specimens, branched rays
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA82AFF99FFC7AF9F3" box="[962,976,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">x</emphasis>
= 8.0 [3 spms. with 9], range = 8-9,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA8201F9A7FCD3F910" box="[876,889,1654,1668]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">n</emphasis>
= 90); of6 specimens from rio Camunigi (not included in
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAFFFFA8548F947FB99F930" box="[1061,1075,1686,1700]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="390">n</emphasis>
= 90) 2 with 8 and 4 with 7 branched rays; posterior ray not split to its base and counted as 1. Adipose ﬁn present, slender. Anal-ﬁn rays iv, 25 (unbranched rays iv in all specimens, branched rays x = 24.8, range = 23- 26,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB813DFAD4FFF4FA87" box="[80,94,1285,1299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">n</emphasis>
= 90); posterior ray split to its base and counted as 1. Anal ﬁn with moderately developed lobed anterior portion including fourth unbranched ray and ﬁrst 5-6 branched rays. Anal ﬁn of sexually mature males with bilateral blunt hooks on anterior 6 branched ﬁn rays, 1 set of hooks for each ray (see
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAEFFFB81E5FA37FF64FA6E" box="[136,206,1510,1535]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[91,121,768,789]" captionTargetBox="[70,1142,160,742]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 9. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species. paratype, anterior 11 anal-ﬁn rays of an adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left, Sl 32.5 mm, USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. For explanation see Description of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050920/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Pectoral-ﬁn rays i, lo (unbranched rays i in all specimens, branched rays
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB8134F9FBFFC0F9A8" box="[89,106,1578,1596]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">x</emphasis>
= 9.7, range = 9-11,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB80EBF9FFFE39F9A8" box="[390,403,1582,1596]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">n</emphasis>
= 90); all 6 specimens from rio Camurugi with 10 branched rays. Posterior tips of longest pectoral-ﬁn ray extend posteriorly beyond origin of pelvic ﬁn; of about equal length in both sexes. Pectoral-ﬁn rays without hooks. Pelvic-ﬁn rays 8 (8 in all specimens except I with 9,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB83A6FB15FD73FB46" box="[715,729,1220,1234]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">n</emphasis>
= 90). Pelvic ﬁn with anterior most ray branched in all specimens (see
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAEFFFB855CFB0FFDC1FA80" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[43,74,905,926]" captionTargetBox="[85,1022,161,878]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Mmagoniates sylvícola, new species, paratype, pelvic-ﬁn osteology of an adult male, ventral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. Medial ﬁn-ray at bottom of picture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050923/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Adult males with total of over 100 small to tiny hooks present on rays of pelvic ﬁn, distributed as in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAEFFFB8248FA90FCD1FAC2" box="[805,891,1345,1371]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[43,74,905,926]" captionTargetBox="[85,1022,161,878]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Mmagoniates sylvícola, new species, paratype, pelvic-ﬁn osteology of an adult male, ventral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. Medial ﬁn-ray at bottom of picture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050923/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
. Each ray bears 9 to over 40 hooks, depending on the maturity of the specimen and/or the ﬁn ray examined.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFAEFFFB815CFF4DFECCFF6B" ID-Table-UUID="C7ED661BFFAEFFFB815CFF4DFECCFF6B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C7ED661BFFAEFFFB815CFF4DFECCFF6B" pageId="11" pageNumber="391" startId="11.[49,104,156,173]" targetBox="[77,1064,294,1022]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAEFFFB815CFF4DFECCFF6B" blockId="11.[27,1117,155,258]" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
Table l. Morphometrics of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAEFFFB8023FF4DFD99FF24" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[334,563,155,176]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="391" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB8023FF4DFD99FF24" box="[334,563,155,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFAEFFFB832CFF71FD19FF24" box="[577,691,155,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="391" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Standard length is expressed in mm; measurements through head length are percentages of standard length; the last four entries are percentages of head length. Specimens are from the area near Curnunrxatiba, Bahia, MZUSP 28815, 28816, 28817, 36612 and USNM 276547, 276556, 276557.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAEFFFB8363FEF7FB8DFC6E" blockId="11.[24,1118,280,1038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<table id="E192C433FFAE000F8120FEF7FB82FC6A" box="[77,1064,294,1022]" gridcols="5" gridrows="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FEF7FB82FEA2" box="[77,1064,294,310]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="391" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FEF7FDF9FEA2" box="[526,595,294,310]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Holotypc</th>
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFEF7FD62FEA2" box="[688,712,294,310]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">n</th>
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFEF7FC39FEA2" box="[818,915,294,310]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Range</th>
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FEF7FB82FEA2" box="[1021,1064,294,310]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">x</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE85FB82FEFD" box="[77,1064,340,361]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE85FE0DFEFD" box="[77,423,340,361]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Standard length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE85FDF9FEFD" box="[526,595,340,361]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">30.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE85FD62FEFD" box="[688,712,340,361]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE85FC39FEFD" box="[818,915,340,361]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">14.5-30.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE85FB82FEFD" box="[1021,1064,340,361]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FEBEFB82FE10" box="[77,1064,367,388]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FEBEFE0DFE10" box="[77,423,367,388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Depth at dorsal-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FEBEFDF9FE10" box="[526,595,367,388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">-</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFEBEFD62FE10" box="[688,712,367,388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFEBEFC39FE10" box="[818,915,367,388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.7-29.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FEBEFB82FE10" box="[1021,1064,367,388]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">24.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE5AFB82FE09" box="[77,1064,395,413]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE5AFE0DFE09" box="[77,423,395,413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Males</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE5AFDF9FE09" box="[526,595,395,413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">29.1</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE5AFD62FE09" box="[688,712,395,413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">44</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE5AFC39FE09" box="[818,915,395,413]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">21.5-29.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE5AFB82FE09" box="[1021,1064,395,413]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">25.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE76FB82FE2C" box="[77,1064,423,440]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE76FE0DFE2C" box="[77,423,423,440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Females</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE76FDF9FE2C" box="[526,595,423,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">—</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE76FD62FE2C" box="[688,712,423,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">44</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE76FC39FE2C" box="[818,915,423,440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.7-27.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE76FB82FE2C" box="[1021,1064,423,440]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">24.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE13FB82FE43" box="[77,1064,450,471]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE13FE0DFE43" box="[77,423,450,471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Snout to dorsal-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE13FDF9FE43" box="[526,595,450,471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">61.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE13FD62FE43" box="[688,712,450,471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE13FC39FE43" box="[818,915,450,471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">57.1 -63.8</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE13FB82FE43" box="[1021,1064,450,471]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">60.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE0CFB82FE66" box="[77,1064,477,498]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE0CFE0DFE66" box="[77,423,477,498]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Snout to pectoral-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE0CFDF9FE66" box="[526,595,477,498]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">28.1</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE0CFD62FE66" box="[688,712,477,498]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE0CFC39FE66" box="[818,915,477,498]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">24.3-29.0</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE0CFB82FE66" box="[1021,1064,477,498]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">26.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FE28FB82FD9A" box="[77,1064,505,526]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FE28FE0DFD9A" box="[77,423,505,526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Snout to pelvic-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FE28FDF9FD9A" box="[526,595,505,526]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">43.4</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFE28FD62FD9A" box="[688,712,505,526]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFE28FC39FD9A" box="[818,915,505,526]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">39.8-46.9</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FE28FB82FD9A" box="[1021,1064,505,526]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">43.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FDC5FB82FDBD" box="[77,1064,532,553]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FDC5FE0DFDBD" box="[77,423,532,553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Snout la anal-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FDC5FDF9FDBD" box="[526,595,532,553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">55.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFDC5FD62FDBD" box="[688,712,532,553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFDC5FC39FDBD" box="[818,915,532,553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">54.4-61.0</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FDC5FB82FDBD" box="[1021,1064,532,553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">57.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FDE1FB82FDD1" box="[77,1064,560,581]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FDE1FE0DFDD1" box="[77,423,560,581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FDE1FDF9FDD1" box="[526,595,560,581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">—</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFDE1FD62FDD1" box="[688,712,560,581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFDE1FC39FDD1" box="[818,915,560,581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">8.5-14.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FDE1FB82FDD1" box="[1021,1064,560,581]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">10.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD9DFB82FDC9" box="[77,1064,588,605]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD9DFE0DFDC9" box="[77,423,588,605]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Males</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD9DFDF9FDC9" box="[526,595,588,605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">13.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD9DFD62FDC9" box="[688,712,588,605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">44</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD9DFC39FDC9" box="[818,915,588,605]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">8.7-1 4.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD9DFB82FDC9" box="[1021,1064,588,605]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">11.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FDB9FB82FDED" box="[77,1064,616,633]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FDB9FE0DFDED" box="[77,423,616,633]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Females</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FDB9FDF9FDED" box="[526,595,616,633]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">—</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFDB9FD62FDED" box="[688,712,616,633]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">44</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFDB9FC39FDED" box="[818,915,616,633]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">8.5-11.7</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FDB9FB82FDED" box="[1021,1064,616,633]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">10.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD52FB82FD03" box="[77,1064,643,663]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD52FE0DFD03" box="[77,423,643,663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD52FDF9FD03" box="[526,595,643,663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">12.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD52FD62FD03" box="[688,712,643,663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD52FC39FD03" box="[818,915,643,663]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">10.2-13.8</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD52FB82FD03" box="[1021,1064,643,663]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">12.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD4FFB82FD27" box="[77,1064,670,691]" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD4FFE0DFD27" box="[77,423,670,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Pectoral-ﬁn length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD4FFDF9FD27" box="[526,595,670,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">23.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD4FFD62FD27" box="[688,712,670,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD4FFC39FD27" box="[818,915,670,691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.2-24.8</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD4FFB82FD27" box="[1021,1064,670,691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">22.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD6BFB82FD5A" box="[77,1064,698,718]" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD6BFE0DFD5A" box="[77,423,698,718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Pelvic-ﬁn length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD6BFDF9FD5A" box="[526,595,698,718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">14.9</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD6BFD62FD5A" box="[688,712,698,718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD6BFC39FD5A" box="[818,915,698,718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">11.1-16.1</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD6BFB82FD5A" box="[1021,1064,698,718]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">13.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD04FB82FD7E" box="[77,1064,725,746]" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD04FE0DFD7E" box="[77,423,725,746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Dorsal-ﬁn base length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD04FDF9FD7E" box="[526,595,725,746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">14.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD04FD62FD7E" box="[688,712,725,746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD04FC39FD7E" box="[818,915,725,746]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">11.8-16.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD04FB82FD7E" box="[1021,1064,725,746]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">13.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FD20FB82FC92" box="[77,1064,753,774]" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FD20FE0DFC92" box="[77,423,753,774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Dorsal-ﬁn height</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FD20FDF9FC92" box="[526,595,753,774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">19.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFD20FD62FC92" box="[688,712,753,774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFD20FC39FC92" box="[818,915,753,774]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">14.4-21.0</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FD20FB82FC92" box="[1021,1064,753,774]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">18.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FCDDFB82FCB5" box="[77,1064,780,801]" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FCDDFE0DFCB5" box="[77,423,780,801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Anal-ﬁn base length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FCDDFDF9FCB5" box="[526,595,780,801]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">33.4</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFCDDFD62FCB5" box="[688,712,780,801]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">84</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFCDDFC39FCB5" box="[818,915,780,801]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">29.7-35.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FCDDFB82FCB5" box="[1021,1064,780,801]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">32.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FCF9FB82FCA9" box="[77,1064,808,829]" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FCF9FE0DFCA9" box="[77,423,808,829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Anal-ﬁn lobe length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FCF9FDF9FCA9" box="[526,595,808,829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">19.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFCF9FD62FCA9" box="[688,712,808,829]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">87</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFCF9FC39FCA9" box="[818,915,808,829]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">17.2-22.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FCF9FB82FCA9" box="[1021,1064,808,829]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC92FB82FCCC" box="[77,1064,835,856]" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC92FE0DFCCC" box="[77,423,835,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Eye to dorsal-ﬁn origin</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC92FDF9FCCC" box="[526,595,835,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">46.4</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC92FD62FCCC" box="[688,712,835,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC92FC39FCCC" box="[818,915,835,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">42.9-51.0</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC92FB82FCCC" box="[1021,1064,835,856]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">46.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC8EFB82FCE0" box="[77,1064,863,884]" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC8EFE0DFCE0" box="[77,423,863,884]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Dorsal-ﬁn origin to caudal-ﬁn base</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC8EFDF9FCE0" box="[526,595,863,884]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">43.7</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC8EFD62FCE0" box="[688,712,863,884]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC8EFC39FCE0" box="[818,915,863,884]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">39.4-46.9</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC8EFB82FCE0" box="[1021,1064,863,884]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">42.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FCAAFB82FC04" box="[77,1064,891,912]" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FCAAFE0DFC04" box="[77,423,891,912]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Bony head length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FCAAFDF9FC04" box="[526,595,891,912]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">27.8</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFCAAFD62FC04" box="[688,712,891,912]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">88</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFCAAFC39FC04" box="[818,915,891,912]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">24.8-28.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FCAAFB82FC04" box="[1021,1064,891,912]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">26.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC47FB82FC3F" box="[77,1064,918,939]" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC47FE0DFC3F" box="[77,423,918,939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Horizontal eye diameter</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC47FDF9FC3F" box="[526,595,918,939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">35.7</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC47FD62FC3F" box="[688,712,918,939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">90</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC47FC39FC3F" box="[818,915,918,939]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">33.7-47.4</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC47FB82FC3F" box="[1021,1064,918,939]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">40.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC63FB82FC53" box="[77,1064,946,967]" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC63FE0DFC53" box="[77,423,946,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Snout length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC63FDF9FC53" box="[526,595,946,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">22.6</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC63FD62FC53" box="[688,712,946,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">90</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC63FC39FC53" box="[818,915,946,967]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">20.8-26.5</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC63FB82FC53" box="[1021,1064,946,967]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">23.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC1FFB82FC4B" box="[77,1064,974,991]" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC1FFE0DFC4B" box="[77,423,974,991]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Least interorbital width</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC1FFDF9FC4B" box="[526,595,974,991]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">33.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC1FFD62FC4B" box="[688,712,974,991]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">90</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC1FFC39FC4B" box="[818,915,974,991]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">31.6-40.5</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC1FFB82FC4B" box="[1021,1064,974,991]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">35.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DA234D1FFAE000F8120FC38FB82FC6A" box="[77,1064,1001,1022]" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
<th id="6E735DADFFAE000F8120FC38FE0DFC6A" box="[77,423,1001,1022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Upper jaw length</th>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8363FC38FDF9FC6A" box="[526,595,1001,1022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">45.2</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F83DDFC38FD62FC6A" box="[688,712,1001,1022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">90</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F825FFC38FC39FC6A" box="[818,915,1001,1022]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">34.4-49.3</td>
<td id="6E735DADFFAE000F8290FC38FB82FC6A" box="[1021,1064,1001,1022]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">45.7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAEFFFC8307FA17FF0EFB84" blockId="11.[590,1119,1113,1700]" lastBlockId="12.[61,593,717,1731]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">
Principal caudal-ﬁn ray count 10/9 in all specimens (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAEFFFB838FFA3CFD5AFA6F" box="[738,752,1517,1531]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">n</emphasis>
= 90). Fin rays modiﬁed in association with caudal pheromone pump as in Figs. ll and 12. Fig. ll illustrates a relatively immature pump. while
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAEFFFB856EF999FBF6F9C8" box="[1027,1116,1607,1633]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[97,127,509,530]" captionTargetBox="[72,1162,173,491]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 12. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, osteology ofcentral basal region ofcaudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal rays 6-15, of an adult male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 32.5 mm. USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates area of fully developed caudal pump. (B) Illustrates relationship of modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation to pump skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050927/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="391">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
shows a presumably mature pump in which pump chamber has well-developed water entrances and exit. Fin rays modiﬁed very much like those of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA9FFFC8040FD3EFE10FC97" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[301,442,750,771]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8040FD3EFE10FC97" box="[301,442,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Caudal-ﬁn rays without bony hooks. See also Weitzman &amp; Fink (l985:98-99),
<bibRefCitation id="F7034B62FFA9FFFC80E1FCE0FF57FCFF" author="Weitzman, S. H. &amp; N. A. Menezes &amp; M. J. Weitzman" bookContentInfo="Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." editor="P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" pagination="379 - 427" refId="ref24287" refString="-, -, &amp; M. J. Weitzman. 1988. Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil. Pp. 379 - 427 in P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer, ed., Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." title="Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil." type="proceedings paper" year="1988">Weitzman et al. (1988:384-413)</bibRefCitation>
and “
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8036FC82FE71FCF3" box="[347,475,851,871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">Discussion</emphasis>
” below, regarding phylogeny of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA9FFFC8030FCA5FE5AFC18" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[349,496,883,908]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8030FCA5FE5AFC18" box="[349,496,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for hypothetical function of secondary sexual characters and phylogeny for glandulocaudins as indicated by their caudal pump morphology.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFA9FFFC813FFD9FFBC6FDEF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" startId="12.[82,112,590,611]" targetBox="[96,1116,203,515]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA9FFFC813FFD9FFBC6FDEF" blockId="12.[60,1148,589,638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">
Fig. 7.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA9FFFC81CAFD9EFE27FDF6" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[167,397,589,611]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimaganiates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC81CAFD9EFE27FDF6" box="[167,397,589,611]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">Mimaganiates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFA9FFFC80F1FD83FDBAFDF6" box="[412,528,589,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA9FFFC8137FBC9FDE1FB43" blockId="12.[61,593,717,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">Scales cycloid, almost deciduous, with few radii along posterior border; smallest scales often nearly without or without radii. Terminal scale of modiﬁed caudal series with exaggerated radii appearing as incisions of posterior scale borders (see Figs. 11 b, 12b).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA9FFFC8137FB0FFEA3F9F5" blockId="12.[61,593,717,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">
Lateral line incomplete, perforated scales 8 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8131FB2EFFC4FA8C" box="[92,110,1279,1304]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 7, range = 6-8,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC803DFAD7FEF4FA80" box="[336,350,1286,1300]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 34); 2 specimens from rio Camurugi with 9 perforated scales. Lateral series scales 53 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8001FA95FED7FAC2" box="[364,381,1348,1366]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 52.7, range = 49-56,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC81F2FAB9FF06FAE2" box="[159,172,1384,1398]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 34). Predorsal scales 25 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8371FAB4FD87FAE3" box="[540,557,1381,1399]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">ic</emphasis>
= 25.9, range = 24-28,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8039FA5BFEC8FA0C" box="[340,354,1418,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 39). Scale rows between dorsal-ﬁn origin and anal-ﬁn origin 17 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8100FA16FFD7FA4D" box="[109,125,1479,1497]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 16.7, range = 16- 18,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC80CBFA1DFE19FA4E" box="[422,435,1484,1498]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 64). Scale rows around caudal peduncle 20 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC80B6FA38FE41FA6F" box="[475,491,1513,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 19.7, range = 19-20,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8065F9DCFEBCF98F" box="[264,278,1549,1563]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 21); 1 specimen from rio Camurugi with 22 scale rows around caudal peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA9FFFC8137F9B8FBBFF934" blockId="12.[61,593,717,1731]" lastBlockId="12.[623,1152,716,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">
Premaxillary teeth in 2 distinct rows although this is not clear in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFA9FFFC80FFF95BFE43F90B" box="[402,489,1674,1699]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[43,74,1151,1172]" captionTargetBox="[115,993,157,1131]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 13. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, jaws and dentition of an adult male, lateral view, right side, anterior at right. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. For explanation see text under Description of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050929/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
. Larger teeth tricuspid, smaller teeth tricuspid or bicuspid, smallest ones unicuspid. Outer row teeth 6 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC83BCFD21FD4BFC96" box="[721,737,752,770]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 5.4, range = 3-7,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC82B5FD25FC4CFC96" box="[984,998,756,770]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 90). Inner row teeth 3 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8279FCC0FC8EFCB7" box="[788,804,785,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 3.0, range 2-5,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC857AFCC4FB8FFCB7" box="[1047,1061,789,803]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 90). Outer and inner row premaxillary teeth somewhat compressed compared to most “ tetragonopterine ” characid teeth which often appear almost circular in cross section. Maxillary teeth 6 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC82FFFC66FC09FC5A" box="[914,931,951,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 6.8, range = 5- lo, larger specimens usually with highest counts,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC83B8FC2CFD49FB9F" box="[725,739,1021,1035]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 90); two specimens from rio Camurugi with ll maxillary teeth. Maxillary teeth show an increase in number with increasing SL from a mean of 5.9 in 9 specimens between 15.5 and 16.5 mm SL to a mean of 7.6 in 14 specimens between 25.0 and 30.5 mm SL. Anterior 4-5 maxillary teeth tricuspid and larger than remaining teeth with 2 or l cusps. Dentary with 4 large tricuspid teeth in all specimens,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8577FAF6FB82FAA1" box="[1050,1064,1319,1333]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 90; smaller posterior dentary series unicuspid except anterior tooth which is tricuspid, 10 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8315FA57FD22FA0C" box="[632,648,1414,1432]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 8.9. range = 6—12,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC82E2FA5BFC37FA0C" box="[911,925,1418,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">n</emphasis>
= 90); 1 specimen from rio Camurugi had 13 dentary teeth. Maxillary and dentary teeth shaped much like premaxillary teeth as described above. At any given SL considerable variation in tooth count occurs and nearly any tooth count within ranges given may be expected. No signiﬁcant dilferences in tooth number found between males and females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA9FFFD83E6F97DFEFFFC5F" blockId="12.[623,1152,716,1733]" lastBlockId="13.[20,550,714,1731]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">
Vertebrae 40 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA9FFFC8253F97EFCE4F954" box="[830,846,1711,1728]" pageId="12" pageNumber="392">x</emphasis>
= 39.9, range = 39-41,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD817AFD01FF8EFD4A" box="[23,36,720,734]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">n</emphasis>
= 88). Dorsal limb gill-rakers 6 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD80AFFD1CFE79FD4B" box="[450,467,717,735]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">x</emphasis>
= 6.0, range 6-7,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD81F3FD23FF01FC94" box="[158,171,754,768]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">n</emphasis>
= 90, two specimens from rio Camurugi with 5 dorsal limb gill-rakers); ventral limb gill-rakers 12 (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD8005FCE1FED2FCD6" box="[360,376,816,834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">ic</emphasis>
= l 1.7, range = 11- 13,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD81FDFC84FF37FCF7" box="[144,157,853,867]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">n</emphasis>
= 90). Branchiostegal rays 4 in 3 cleared and stained specimens, 3 rays originating from anterior ceratohyal and 1 ray from posterior ceratohyal.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFA8FFFD8143FD82FEF8FDEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050918/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="393" startId="13.[46,77,595,615]" targetBox="[72,1073,200,549]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA8FFFD8143FD82FEF8FDEA" blockId="13.[24,1113,593,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">
Fig. 8.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFA8FFFD81EFFD82FECCFDF3" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[130,358,593,615]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="393" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD81EFFD82FECCFDF3" box="[130,358,593,615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFA8FFFD801BFD86FE42FDF2" box="[374,488,594,614]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, USNM 276547, female, SL 25.7 mm, Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, rio do Sul.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA8FFFD815CFC03FF56F98E" blockId="13.[20,550,714,1731]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD815CFC03FEA5FC78" box="[49,271,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">Color in alcohol.-</emphasis>
See
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFA8FFFD803FFC02FE0EFC73" box="[338,420,979,1004]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[82,112,590,611]" captionTargetBox="[96,1116,203,515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Mimaganiates sylvicola, new species, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFA8FFFD8087FC05FE5CFC7C" box="[490,502,980,1000]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[46,77,595,615]" captionTargetBox="[72,1073,200,549]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species, paratype, USNM 276547, female, SL 25.7 mm, Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, rio do Sul." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050918/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">8</figureCitation>
for preserved color pattern in males and females. Body pale to medium brown, almost white ventrally, darkest dorsally. Lateral body stripe pale, diffuse, best developed in males. Stripe extending from darker opercular spot on dorsal half of opercle posteriorly to a dark, spot-like region on caudal peduncle. Immediately posterior to this spot, caudal gland region enveloped in black pigment forming triangular-shaped area with its posterior apex continuous onto ray 11 and to a certain extent ray 12. Remainder of caudal ﬁn dusky due to scattering of dark chromatophores, especially along ventral border of 19 th principal caudal ray. Dorsal body surface dark dusky, especially in area of predorsal scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA8FFFD815DF9F7FD19FAEE" blockId="13.[20,550,714,1731]" lastBlockId="13.[585,1117,712,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">Pectoral, pelvic, dorsal and anal ﬁns dusky from scattered dark chromatophores along ﬁn rays. Pelvic ﬁns considerably darker than pectoral ﬁns. Anal ﬁn with a dark, elongate stripe running length of ﬁn. Width of stripe about ¼ - ⅕ height of ﬁn. Stripe borders distal ends of ﬁn rays posteriorly; anterior portion of dark stripe separated from distal ends of ﬁrst ﬁve or six ﬁn rays by relatively hyaline area on anterior lobe of ﬁn. Dorsal ﬁn with horizontal dark stripe extending posteriorly from about mid-length of anterior elongate undivided ray to posterior tips of two terminal dorsal-ﬁn rays. Adipose ﬁn dusky with scattered dark chromatophores. Head dark brown around mouth and on dorsal surface of snout, between eyes, dorsum of cranium and nape. Iris dorsal to pupil dark brown to black, most of remainder of iris silvery with some dark brown or black areas ventrally. Circumorbitals pale brown or silvery with evenly scattered dark chromatophores. Ventral area of opercle, preopercle and posterior region of branchiostegal rays silvery, without much dark brown pigment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFA8FFFE830BFA53FE2AFA2B" blockId="13.[585,1117,712,1730]" lastBlockId="14.[67,598,918,1729]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="394" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFA8FFFD830BFA53FCAEFA08" box="[614,772,1410,1436]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="393">Color in life</emphasis>
.-Life color patterns taken from color slides and color notes made while collecting specimens listed above from clear and black waters near Cumuruxatiba. Sides of body silvery deep blue with back dark brown and abdominal area silvery white. All ﬁns translucent, lemon yellow with dark brown pigment described above under preserved color description appearing brown to black. Females with similar color pattern but blue, yellow, and dark pigment patterns much paler. In life caudal-ﬁn rays 13 and 14 considerably darkened with black pigment. Some male specimens display a considerable but rather diffuse lateral dark brown stripe below lateral mid-region of body, suggesting elongate lateral stripe of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFABFFFE8342FB8FFF0EFB06" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFABFFFE8342FB8FFF0EFB06" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens from rio do Sul, Cumuruxatiba area (USNM 276547), gold silvery in color and without blue coloration. Some of these specimens with black pigment considerably reduced, absent or covered in patches by guanine, especially on body sides. These specimens may have been infested by metacercaria of a trematode as noted for other similar appearing characids by
<bibRefCitation id="F7034B62FFABFFFE8106FA74FED3FA2B" author="Géry, J. &amp; J. Delage" box="[107,377,1445,1471]" journalOrPublisher="Vie et Milieu" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" pagination="169 - 182" part="14" refId="ref23774" refString="-, &amp; J. Delage. 1963. Origine pathologique du stratum argenteum chex certaines varietes phenotypiques de Characidae, les &quot; brass-tetras. &quot; - Vie et Milieu 14 (1): 169 - 182." title="Origine pathologique du stratum argenteum chex certaines varietes phenotypiques de Characidae, les &quot; brass-tetras" type="journal article" year="1963">Géry &amp; Delage (1963)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFABFFFE8136FCD1FEFBFCD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050920/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" startId="14.[91,121,768,789]" targetBox="[70,1142,160,742]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFABFFFE8136FCD1FEFBFCD8" blockId="14.[69,1158,768,844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">
Fig. 9.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFABFFFE81C1FCD0FE25FC81" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[172,399,768,789]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFABFFFE81C1FCD0FE25FC81" box="[172,399,768,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFABFFFE80F6FCD4FDA6FC81" box="[411,524,768,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. paratype, anterior 11 anal-ﬁn rays of an adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left, Sl 32.5 mm, USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. For explanation see Description of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFABFFFE81B5FCE9FEE6FCD8" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[216,332,823,844]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFABFFFE81B5FCE9FEE6FCD8" box="[216,332,823,844]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFABFFE0810DFA17FF11FB4F" blockId="14.[67,598,918,1729]" lastBlockId="16.[81,611,690,1704]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFABFFFE810DFA17FEC1FA4B" box="[96,363,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Sexual dimorphism.-</emphasis>
Females lack the caudal pheromone pump organ, anal-ﬁn and pelvic-ﬁn hooks of males (
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFABFFFE80FDF9D9FE4AF989" box="[400,480,1544,1570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[91,121,768,789]" captionTargetBox="[70,1142,160,742]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 9. Mimagoniates sylvicola, new species. paratype, anterior 11 anal-ﬁn rays of an adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left, Sl 32.5 mm, USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. For explanation see Description of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050920/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFABFFFE809AF9D8FDBBF989" box="[503,529,1545,1565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[43,74,905,926]" captionTargetBox="[85,1022,161,878]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Mmagoniates sylvícola, new species, paratype, pelvic-ﬁn osteology of an adult male, ventral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype, Fig. 7. Medial ﬁn-ray at bottom of picture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050923/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">10</figureCitation>
) and display a more subdued live body coloration as noted above.
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFABFFFE8005F99BFE4AF9CA" box="[360,480,1610,1635]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionTargetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Figure 14</figureCitation>
presents graphic evidence that the caudal peduncle depth is usually deeper in adult males than in adult females and that males reach a greater adtﬂt length than females, so far as known. Below in covariance analyses we compare males and females of unequal length ranges, although the range of the females is included within that of the males. We do this because we believe these ranges are expressions of their natural differences. In our population samples of various species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFABFFFE83FAFB71FCEDFB2D" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[663,839,1184,1209]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="394" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFABFFFE83FAFB71FCEDFB2D" box="[663,839,1184,1209]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the length of the largest males always exceeds that of the largest females. If in nature the females reached the same lengths as the males our results could be biased, but longer females were not represented in our samples. We hypothesize that most of our samples fairly represent the adult lengths of both sexes.
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFABFFFE82B6FA54FBF8FA0D" box="[987,1106,1413,1438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionTargetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="394">Figure 14</figureCitation>
indicates that caudal peduncle depth divergence between males and females begins around 18 mm in SL. Even though we have few female specimens in the size range between 23.0 to nearly 28.0 or longer, we are inclined to accept that 28.0 mm SL may be the approximate adult size limit for females. Also. at least some glandulocaudine species undergo delayed sexual maturation in males,
<bibRefCitation id="F7034B62FFAAFFFF817BFBDDFEC3FBB5" author="Weitzman, S. H. &amp; S. V. Fink" box="[22,361,1036,1061]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" pagination="1 - 121" part="421" refId="ref24186" refString="Weitzman, S. H., &amp; S. V. Fink. 1985. Xenurobryconin phylogeny and putative pheromone pumps in glandulocaudine fishes (Teleostei: Characidae). - Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 421: 1 - 121." title="Xenurobryconin phylogeny and putative pheromone pumps in glandulocaudine fishes (Teleostei: Characidae)" type="journal article" year="1985">Weitzman &amp; Fink (1985: 38</bibRefCitation>
, 42). If present in species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAAFFFF81ABFBFFFEDCFBD2" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[198,374,1070,1094]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAAFFFF81ABFBFFFEDCFBD2" box="[198,374,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this kind of growth pattern might affect the regression slope shown for sexually maturing and sexually mature males towards that of the females in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAAFFFF83D4FBFCFCA7FBD5" box="[697,781,1069,1094]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionTargetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
, if the large males of latent sexual maturity were included in the male population sample graphed and analyzed. In the two slopes plotted in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE080DFFD63FDADFD52" box="[434,519,690,715]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionTargetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
, latent males, if present, are included in that of the females. Thus
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE08066FD25FEC9FC9C" box="[267,355,756,781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[90,120,926,947]" captionTargetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Mimagoniates sylvicala, new species, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + L 625X), for 45 females: (Y = -3.377 + L 368X). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of M sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
appears to demonstrate that as males mature sexually their caudal peduncles increase in depth at a faster rate relative to body length than it does in juveniles or females. With the above reservations and explanations in mind, we ﬁnd that divergence in caudal peduncle depth on SL by apparent sex in an
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE080CDFC0CFE1FFC64" box="[416,437,989,1008]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">F</emphasis>
-ratio test for homogeneity of slopes in an analysis of covariance were signiﬁcantly different (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE0813AFBEEFFD4FBCF" box="[87,126,1087,1115]" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">F</emphasis>
₀.₀₅,(₁, ₈₆) = 9.42,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08054FB91FEE6FBC7" box="[313,332,1088,1107]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.002) between 45 males and 45 females from the area near Cumuruxatiba (MZUSP 28815, 28816, 28817, 36612 and USNM 276547, 276556, 276557).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFAAFFFF8146FC58FF6DFC41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050923/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" startId="15.[43,74,905,926]" targetBox="[85,1022,161,878]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAAFFFF8146FC58FF6DFC41" blockId="15.[20,1112,905,981]" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">
Fig. 10.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAAFFFF81E6FC5BFEDBFC0A" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[139,369,905,926]" family="Characidae" genus="Mmagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAAFFFF81E6FC5BFEDBFC0A" box="[139,369,905,926]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Mmagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFAAFFFF8012FC5EFE58FC0A" box="[383,498,905,926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, pelvic-ﬁn osteology of an adult male, ventral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAAFFFF8203FC74FC0EFC22" box="[878,932,933,954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[82,112,590,611]" captionTargetBox="[96,1116,203,515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Mimaganiates sylvicola, new species, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
. Medial ﬁn-ray at bottom of picture.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFAAFFFF8143F9EDFD23F92A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050925/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" startId="15.[46,77,1596,1617]" targetBox="[27,1108,1230,1574]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFAAFFFF8143F9EDFD23F92A" blockId="15.[24,1112,1596,1726]" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAAFFFF8143F9EDFFC6F9C6" box="[46,108,1596,1618]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[57,88,1152,1173]" captionTargetBox="[39,1089,150,1124]" captionText="Fig. 1. Diagram of tentative phylogenetic relationships of the species of the Glandulocaudini based on an analysis of synapomorphies found in the caudal skeleton of males. Filled in squares = apomorphies and empty squares - plesiomorphies at the levels indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050903/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFAAFFFF81E6F9ECFEC7F9C5" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[139,365,1596,1617]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFAAFFFF81E6F9ECFEC7F9C5" box="[139,365,1596,1617]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFAAFFFF8015F993FE42F9C5" box="[376,488,1597,1617]" pageId="15" pageNumber="395" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, osteology of central basal region of caudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal rays 6-15, of an adult but still developing male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFAAFFFF809EF9A2FD80F910" box="[499,554,1651,1672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[82,112,590,611]" captionTargetBox="[96,1116,203,515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Mimaganiates sylvicola, new species, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="395">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates area of developing rays associated with caudal pump. Note that pump chamber not yet fully developed. (B) Illustrates modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation in natural position.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFB5FFE0810CFE2CFBCAFDCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050927" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050927/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" startId="16.[97,127,509,530]" targetBox="[72,1162,173,491]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB5FFE0810CFE2CFBCAFDCB" blockId="16.[75,1163,507,611]" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">
Fig. 12.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE081D0FE2AFE34FD85" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[189,414,507,530]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">Mimagoniates sylvicola</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFB5FFE080C7FDD0FDB3FD84" box="[426,537,508,528]" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, osteology of central basal region of caudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal rays 6-15, of an adult male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 32.5 mm. USNM 300634, Brazil, Bahia, riacho Ronca Aqua. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates area of fully developed caudal pump. (B) Illustrates relationship of modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation to pump skeleton.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DB886518FFB5FFE08106FB33FF34FAEE" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB5FFE08106FB33FF34FAEE" blockId="16.[81,611,690,1704]" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08106FB33FF44FB68" box="[107,238,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Etymology</emphasis>
. —The name
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE080FAFB32FE54FB69" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[407,510,1251,1277]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE080FAFB32FE54FB69" box="[407,510,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from the Latin
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE081BDFAD2FEACFA8C" box="[208,262,1283,1304]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">silva</emphasis>
(forest) and
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE080DDFAD5FE4BFA8D" box="[432,481,1284,1305]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">colo</emphasis>
(dwell or inhabit) and is in reference to the forested nature of the streams in which this ﬁsh is found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DB886518FFB5FFE28101FA56FB81FB3A" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB5FFE08101FA56FD48FC64" blockId="16.[81,611,690,1704]" lastBlockId="16.[638,1171,689,1704]" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08101FA56FF41FA0F" box="[108,235,1415,1435]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Discussion</emphasis>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="F7034B62FFB5FFE08079FA56FDFFFA09" author="Weitzman, S. H. &amp; N. A. Menezes &amp; M. J. Weitzman" bookContentInfo="Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." box="[276,597,1415,1441]" editor="P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" pagination="379 - 427" refId="ref24287" refString="-, -, &amp; M. J. Weitzman. 1988. Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil. Pp. 379 - 427 in P. E. Vanzolini &amp; W. R. Heyer, ed., Proceedings of a Workshop on Neotropical Distribution Patterns, Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 488 pp." title="Phylogenetic biogeography of the Glandulocaudini (Teleostei: Characiformes, Characidae) with comments on the distributions of other freshwater fishes in eastern and southeastern Brazil." type="proceedings paper" year="1988">Weitzman et al. (1988:404</bibRefCitation>
, 414-419, ﬁg. 10), as new species A, tentatively hypothesized that
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE080EDFA1BFDBBFA77" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[384,529,1481,1507]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE080EDFA1BFDBBFA77" box="[384,529,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was a relatively primitive species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE080A9FA3AFFDBF98B" authority="with" authorityName="With" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE080A9FA3AFFDBF98B" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with respect to caudal-ﬁn pump evolution. They placed
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08059F9FDFE6DF9D1" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[308,455,1579,1605]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08059F9FDFE6DF9D1" box="[308,455,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in an unresolved polytomy in their phylogenetic diagram along with
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08024F9BFFE67F916" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[329,461,1644,1666]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08024F9BFFECEF915" box="[329,356,1646,1665]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08015F9BDFE67F916" box="[376,461,1644,1666]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">barberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08363F9BEFF0EF932" authorityName="dos Patos" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1911" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08363F9BEFD82F916" box="[526,552,1647,1666]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08351F9BEFF0EF932" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">inequalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a monophyletie line leading to
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08312FD63FCA4FD52" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[639,782,689,710]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08312FD63FD33FD52" box="[639,665,690,710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE083C2FD60FCA4FD52" box="[687,782,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08249FD63FC7BFD5E" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[804,977,689,714]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08249FD63FC7BFD5E" box="[804,977,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and their new species B and C. This hypothesis was based on the information that apparently fully adult males of all three species,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08568FCC7FB2DFCBE" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[1029,1159,788,810]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08568FCC7FB2DFCBE" box="[1029,1159,788,810]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M barberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08313FCE6FCBDFCDB" authorityName="dos Patos" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[638,791,821,847]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08313FCE6FD33FCDE" box="[638,665,823,842]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE083C1FCE4FCBDFCDB" box="[684,791,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">inequalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and their new species A (here =
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE083C9FC89FCEAFCE4" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[676,832,854,880]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE083C9FC89FCEAFCE4" box="[676,832,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), lack the more derived chambered, caudal-ﬁn ray pump of the other four species. Compare caudal pump structures in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE08277FC6BFCCCFC5A" box="[794,870,954,980]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[93,123,922,943]" captionTargetBox="[75,1162,163,890]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Mimagoniaıes barberi. unstained central basal region of caudal ﬁn adjacent to caudal peduncle of a preserved adult male, lateral view. left side, anterior at left. SL 32.7 mm. UMMZ 205420, Paraguay, rio Aguarymi, tributary to rio Paraguay, San Pedro. Illustrates external features of a caudal gland without complex pump chamber. Darkly pigmented glandular groove between principal rays ll and 12 indicated by arrow. Modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe scales, although present, are transparent and not visible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050905/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE082CFFC6AFC07FC5B" box="[930,941,955,975]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[46,77,603,624]" captionTargetBox="[30,1114,161,574]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Mimagoniates barberi, osteology of central basal region of caudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal fin-rays 6- 15, of adult male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 35.6 mm, UMMZ 205420, same locality as Fig. 2. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates glandular groove between rays ll and 12. (B) Illustrates relationship ofmodiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation to glandular groove. Note that modiﬁed scales together with their epidermis form a movable ﬂap just lateral to surface of rays and glandular groove. Free border of this ﬂap occurs along ventral margin of ventral row of scales and at posterior edge of posterior scale of ventral scale row." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050907/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">3</figureCitation>
with those in
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE08538FC6BFD26FC7B" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[87,118,943,963]" captionTargetBox="[59,1157,155,873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Mimagoníates microlepis, unstained central basal region of caudal ﬁn adjacent to caudal peduncle of a preserved adult male, lateral view, left side. anterior at left. SL 51.7 mm, USNM 279876, Brazil, Santa Catarina, rio Itapocú. Illustrates external features of a caudal gland with a complex pump chamber. Arrow at left indicates anterior intake opening. middle arrow indicates lateral slit ofchamber and arrow at right designates posterior exit opening of chamber. These openings surrounded by glandular tissue, especially exit opening. Modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn scales appear as rather poorly focused &quot;ghost&quot; images in upper half of picture, above main body of pump chamber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050909/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE083A2FC0DFD70FC64" box="[719,730,988,1008]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[59,90,947,967]" captionTargetBox="[45,1115,153,920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Mimagoniates microlepis, osteology of central and basal region of caudal skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 45.3 mm, USNM 236089, Brazil, Parana, rio Nhundiaquara at Morretes. Relationship of modified dorsal lobe caudal-ﬁn squamation to caudal gland shown in inset at left. Distal regions ofventral and posterior scales and their epidermis form a ﬂap partly covering intake openings of pump chamber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050911/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB5FFE183F0FC2CFEE9FAE8" blockId="16.[638,1171,689,1704]" lastBlockId="17.[21,551,1311,1701]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">
Evidence taken from a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08503FC2FFD4CFBA3" authority=", USNM" authorityName="USNM" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08503FC2FFD4CFBA3" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 300633, SL 32.5 mm, subsequently available to us from near Porto Seguro, Bahia, showed that the caudal gland matures with a well-developed pump chamber, (compare Figs. ll and 12). However, this species lacks the caudal-ﬁn hooks found in the more derived species,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE082B2FB34FB2DFB6D" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[991,1159,1251,1273]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rlieocharis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082B2FB34FC53FB6C" box="[991,1017,1253,1272]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08561FB32FB2DFB6D" box="[1036,1159,1251,1273]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">rlıeocharis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described below, and in
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE082F3FAD7FBE9FA8A" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[926,1091,1285,1310]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082F3FAD7FC12FA8D" box="[926,952,1286,1305]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082A5FAD4FBE9FA8A" box="[968,1091,1285,1310]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(compare
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB5FFE083AFFAF7FCBFFAAF" box="[706,789,1318,1344]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[59,90,947,967]" captionTargetBox="[45,1115,153,920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Mimagoniates microlepis, osteology of central and basal region of caudal skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 45.3 mm, USNM 236089, Brazil, Parana, rio Nhundiaquara at Morretes. Relationship of modified dorsal lobe caudal-ﬁn squamation to caudal gland shown in inset at left. Distal regions ofventral and posterior scales and their epidermis form a ﬂap partly covering intake openings of pump chamber." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050911/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
, ll, 12, and 24). This information would place
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE082EBFA99FBB7FAF4" box="[902,1053,1350,1376]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082EBFA99FBB7FAF4" box="[902,1053,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a trichotomy, Fig. l, with
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE082CBFAB8FB93FAE8" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[934,1081,1383,1404]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082CBFAB8FB93FAE8" box="[934,1081,1383,1404]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a monophyletic line leading to the two species with caudal-ﬁn hooks. This hypothesis would leave
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE08277FA1DFC1BFA77" authorityName="dos Patos" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[794,945,1482,1507]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE08277FA1DFC9FFA4B" box="[794,821,1484,1503]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE0822AFA1BFC1BFA77" box="[839,945,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">inequalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE082AFFA1AFBEEFA4B" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1907" box="[962,1092,1482,1503]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberi">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE082AFFA1AFBEEFA4B" box="[962,1092,1482,1503]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">M barberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a monophyletic line leading to the species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB5FFE083EDF9DCFC85F9B1" authority="With" authorityName="With" box="[640,815,1549,1573]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="396" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB5FFE083EDF9DCFC85F9B1" box="[640,815,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="396">Mimagoniates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
With more derived caudal pumps in a trichotomy at a lower level in the phylogenetic diagram (Fig. l). If this relationship can be supported by further phylogenetic evidence, then the biogeographic comments of Weitzman et al. (19 88: 412, 413) need some alteration (see section on biogeography below).
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFB4FFE18146FBAEFE1FFB5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050929/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" startId="17.[43,74,1151,1172]" targetBox="[115,993,157,1131]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB4FFE18146FBAEFE1FFB5F" blockId="17.[22,1113,1151,1227]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">
Fig. 13.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE181E0FB51FEDEFB00" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[141,372,1151,1172]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE181E0FB51FEDEFB00" box="[141,372,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFB4FFE180EEFB52FE5DFB00" box="[387,503,1151,1172]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, jaws and dentition of an adult male, lateral view, right side, anterior at right. SL 29.3 mm, USNM 276557, same locality data as holotype,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB4FFE18216FB4AFC1BFB38" box="[891,945,1179,1200]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[82,112,590,611]" captionTargetBox="[96,1116,203,515]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Mimaganiates sylvicola, new species, holotype, MZUSP 36612, male, SL 30.2 mm; Brazil, Bahia, Municipio de Prado, unnamed forest rivulet near Fazenda Embaçuaba, 8-9 km northwest of Cumuruxatiba." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050915/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
. For explanation see text under Description of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE18057FB66FE1AFB5F" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[314,432,1206,1227]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18057FB66FE1AFB5F" box="[314,432,1206,1227]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB4FFE182EBFA93FC26FACA" blockId="17.[584,1112,1312,1700]" box="[902,908,1346,1374]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">₍ ₁,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB4FFE182E3FA93FC27FACA" blockId="17.[584,1112,1312,1700]" box="[910,909,1346,1374]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB4FFE2815EFA52FFD9FB25" blockId="17.[21,551,1311,1701]" lastBlockId="18.[71,598,1111,1696]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">
It was noted in the diagnosis above that adult males and females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE18035FA74FE4FFA2A" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[344,485,1444,1470]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18035FA74FED8FA2D" box="[344,370,1445,1465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE180ECFA75FE4FFA2A" box="[385,485,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Cumuruxatiba (MZUSP 28815, 28816, 28817, 36612 and USNM 276547, 276556, 276557), diﬁ`er in body depth from adult males and females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE18049F9F8FE18F9A9" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[292,434,1576,1597]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18049F9F8FE18F9A9" box="[292,434,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Santos region (CAS 36634, MZUSP 40276, 40277, USNM 226468, 254268, 257200, and 257202). Forty ﬁve males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE180D5F95CFDD0FAA1" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[440,634,1312,1701]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE180D5F95CFDD0FAA1" box="[440,634,1312,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 22 males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE18239FAF0FC49FAA1" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[852,995,1312,1333]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18239FAF0FCC5FAA1" box="[852,879,1313,1333]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE182EFFAF1FC49FAA1" box="[898,995,1312,1333]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were signiﬁcantly different (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18251FA93FCF0FACA" box="[828,858,1346,1374]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">F</emphasis>
₀.₀₅, =49.75,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE1854BFA93FB93FAC2" box="[1062,1081,1346,1366]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.000) in an analysis of covariance for body depth on SL in an
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18253FA54FCF9FA0C" box="[830,851,1413,1432]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">F</emphasis>
-ratio test for homogeneity of slopes,
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB4FFE18273FA74FCDAFA2E" box="[798,880,1445,1470]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[50,80,1022,1043]" captionTargetBox="[36,1083,150,1001]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 15. Mimagoniates sylvicola and Mimagoniates lateralis, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult males. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males of M. sylvicola: (Y = —2.650 + 1.420X) and 22 males of M lateralis: (Y = 0.473 + 0.695X). For explanation see Discussion under M. sylvicola." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050933/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
. Body depth ratios of SL useful for identiﬁcation of fully or near fully mature males (at or above 23.0 mm SL) are as follows:
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE1825EF9DFFCEBF988" box="[819,833,1550,1564]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">n</emphasis>
= 12 specimens of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE18558F9D6FD04F9D6" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18558F9D6FD04F9D6" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Cumuruxatiba and near Porto Seguro,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE183A2F99CFD4AF9CB" box="[719,736,1613,1631]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">x</emphasis>
= 3.6, range = 3.4-3.8 and
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18524F99EFBFDF9C9" box="[1097,1111,1615,1629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">n</emphasis>
= 23 specimens of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB4FFE1822DF9BAFC7AF9EB" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[832,976,1641,1663]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE1822DF9BAFC7AF9EB" box="[832,976,1641,1663]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from near Santos and Município de Cananéia,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB4FFE18294F95CFBA0F90B" box="[1017,1034,1677,1695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="397">x</emphasis>
= 4.3, range = 3.8-5.1. The shorter males in these size ranges accounted for most of the overlap.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFB7FFE28137FC4FFD6EFB92" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050931" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050931/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" startId="18.[90,120,926,947]" targetBox="[107,1136,159,905]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB7FFE28137FC4FFD6EFB92" blockId="18.[68,1157,926,1030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">
Fig. 14.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE281D7FC4EFE35FC20" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman, 1990" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[186,415,927,948]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicala" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE281D7FC4EFE35FC20" box="[186,415,927,948]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAD557FAFFB7FFE280C3FC75FD88FC27" box="[430,546,927,947]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, caudal peduncle depth as a function of SL by sex. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males: (Y — 4.089 + 1. 625 X), for 45 females: (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28530FC6DFBC7FC58" box="[1117,1133,956,972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">Y</emphasis>
= -3.377 + 1. 368
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28186FC07FF56FC72" box="[235,252,982,998]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">X</emphasis>
). Immature males and juveniles may be included in the category designated female. For explanation see under Sexual dimorphism in text of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE28324FC23FD15FB92" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[585,703,1009,1030]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28324FC23FD15FB92" box="[585,703,1009,1030]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">M sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB7FFE2810EFB6BFFDEFA0C" blockId="18.[71,598,1111,1696]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">
In a similar covariance analysis for slopes, 45 adult females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE28052FB0BFE64FB61" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[319,462,1242,1269]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28052FB0BFE64FB61" box="[319,462,1242,1269]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">M. sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 26 females of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE281D5FB2DFEECFA85" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[184,326,1275,1297]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE281D5FB2DFF78FA9B" box="[184,210,1276,1295]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28188FB2AFEECFA85" box="[229,326,1275,1297]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the same population samples as the males discussed above, also displayed signiﬁcant difference in body depth (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE281F2FA8EFF1DFAE3" box="[159,183,1375,1399]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">F</emphasis>
₀.₀₅, (₁, ₆₇) = 16.3,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE280EBFAB1FE33FAE7" box="[390,409,1376,1395]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.001) (
<figureCitation id="0BA92A16FFB7FFE28345FA8EFFCEFA07" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStartId-0="1.[57,88,1152,1173]" captionStartId-1="6.[93,123,922,943]" captionStartId-2="7.[46,77,603,624]" captionStartId-3="8.[87,118,943,963]" captionStartId-4="9.[59,90,947,967]" captionStartId-5="10.[85,116,1042,1063]" captionTargetBox-0="[39,1089,150,1124]" captionTargetBox-1="[75,1162,163,890]" captionTargetBox-2="[30,1114,161,574]" captionTargetBox-3="[59,1157,155,873]" captionTargetBox-4="[45,1115,153,920]" captionTargetBox-5="[63,1131,163,1022]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Diagram of tentative phylogenetic relationships of the species of the Glandulocaudini based on an analysis of synapomorphies found in the caudal skeleton of males. Filled in squares = apomorphies and empty squares - plesiomorphies at the levels indicated." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Mimagoniaıes barberi. unstained central basal region of caudal ﬁn adjacent to caudal peduncle of a preserved adult male, lateral view. left side, anterior at left. SL 32.7 mm. UMMZ 205420, Paraguay, rio Aguarymi, tributary to rio Paraguay, San Pedro. Illustrates external features of a caudal gland without complex pump chamber. Darkly pigmented glandular groove between principal rays ll and 12 indicated by arrow. Modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe scales, although present, are transparent and not visible." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Mimagoniates barberi, osteology of central basal region of caudal-ﬁn skeleton, principal fin-rays 6- 15, of adult male, lateral views, left side, anterior at left. SL 35.6 mm, UMMZ 205420, same locality as Fig. 2. Principal ray 12 indicated by arrow. (A) Illustrates glandular groove between rays ll and 12. (B) Illustrates relationship ofmodiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn lobe squamation to glandular groove. Note that modiﬁed scales together with their epidermis form a movable ﬂap just lateral to surface of rays and glandular groove. Free border of this ﬂap occurs along ventral margin of ventral row of scales and at posterior edge of posterior scale of ventral scale row." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Mimagoníates microlepis, unstained central basal region of caudal ﬁn adjacent to caudal peduncle of a preserved adult male, lateral view, left side. anterior at left. SL 51.7 mm, USNM 279876, Brazil, Santa Catarina, rio Itapocú. Illustrates external features of a caudal gland with a complex pump chamber. Arrow at left indicates anterior intake opening. middle arrow indicates lateral slit ofchamber and arrow at right designates posterior exit opening of chamber. These openings surrounded by glandular tissue, especially exit opening. Modiﬁed dorsal caudal-ﬁn scales appear as rather poorly focused &quot;ghost&quot; images in upper half of picture, above main body of pump chamber." captionText-4="Fig. 5. Mimagoniates microlepis, osteology of central and basal region of caudal skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 45.3 mm, USNM 236089, Brazil, Parana, rio Nhundiaquara at Morretes. Relationship of modified dorsal lobe caudal-ﬁn squamation to caudal gland shown in inset at left. Distal regions ofventral and posterior scales and their epidermis form a ﬂap partly covering intake openings of pump chamber." captionText-5="Fig. 6. Glandulocauda melanogenys, osteology of central and basal region of caudal Skeleton of adult male, lateral view, left side, anterior at left. SL 40.2 mm, USNM 236093, Brazil, São Paulo, headwater stream of rio Tietê near Campo Grande (= Alto da Serra, type locality). about 3.5 km west of Paranapiacaba. Decurved principal caudal-ﬁn rays l 1 and 12 are labeled and inset at left illustrates relationship of modiﬁed dorsal caudal- ﬁn squamation to rays ll and 12. Note that modiﬁed caudal-ﬁn squarnation of females of in all species of Glandulocauda and Mimagoniates is very similar to that illustrated here but may reach only about half the relative dimensions depicted here." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050903" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050905" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050907" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050909" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050911" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050913" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11050903/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11050905/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11050907/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11050909/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11050911/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11050913/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">Fig. 1 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB7FFE2810EFA71FB81FB3A" blockId="18.[71,598,1111,1696]" lastBlockId="18.[631,1160,1110,1691]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">
The number of branched anal-ﬁn rays in the two species was signiﬁcantly different (
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28323FA14FDFCFA42" box="[590,598,1477,1494]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">t</emphasis>
= 22.012,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE281A7FA33FF77FA61" box="[202,221,1506,1525]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.00 in a two-sample, two-tailed t-test), although there was some overlap in counts:
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28194F9FAFEADF9AC" box="[249,263,1579,1592]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">n</emphasis>
= 90 specimens of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE28093F9F7FF27F9CE" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28093F9F7FDB3F9AD" box="[510,537,1574,1593]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28347F9F5FF27F9CE" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from near Cumuruxatiba (same lots as listed above), range = 23-26,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE2808DF9B8FE5BF9EF" box="[480,497,1641,1659]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">x</emphasis>
= 24.8, SD = 0.7728 and
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28041F95CFE90F908" box="[300,314,1677,1692]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">n</emphasis>
= 91 specimens of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB7FFE2835BF956FD70FBF8" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[566,730,1111,1696]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE2835BF956FD70FBF8" box="[566,730,1111,1696]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">M. lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from near Santos and Municipio Cananéia (same lots as listed above),
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE28535FBAAFBC3FB19" box="[1112,1129,1147,1165]" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">x</emphasis>
= 27.9, range = 25-31, SD = 1.0899.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DB886518FFB7FFE383FEFB6BFD56FAB8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="18" pageNumber="398" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB7FFE383FEFB6BFE0DFB7A" blockId="18.[631,1160,1110,1691]" lastBlockId="19.[28,558,1202,1690]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB7FFE283FEFB6BFD5EFB40" box="[659,756,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="398">Ecology</emphasis>
. -Little is known about the ecology of this species. Most of the strwms in which it was captured were relatively slow moving, with little gradient. They were approximately 4 to 6 meters wide, to 1.5 meters deep and surrounded by vegetation, usually trees of a few to many meters high. The water varied from clear to black (tea color). The ﬁsh occurred in depths of 0.1 to about 0.5 meters usually in areas of little current over white sandy, rocky or dark mud bottoms. They occurred in both sunlight or shaded areas, most often near shore, especially near emergent or submerged vegetation where almost immediate cover could be taken from predators such as large cichlids or the characid
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE38078FB05FE0BFB7A" authorityName="Günther" authorityYear="1864" box="[277,417,1236,1262]" family="Characidae" genus="Oligosarcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE38078FB05FE0BFB7A" box="[277,417,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Oligosarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C7ED661BFFB6FFE3815FFC2FFF7EFBF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11050933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11050933/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" startId="19.[50,80,1022,1043]" targetBox="[36,1083,150,1001]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB6FFE3815FFC2FFF7EFBF2" blockId="19.[27,1119,1021,1126]" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">
Fig. 15.
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE381FCFC2EFEDCFB87" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[145,374,1022,1043]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE381FCFC2EFEDCFB87" box="[145,374,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Mimagoniates sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE380CBFC2FFD2DFB9B" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[422,647,1021,1043]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE380CBFC2FFD2DFB9B" box="[422,647,1021,1043]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Mimagoniates lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, body depth as a function of standard length for young to adult males. Plot axes are logarithmic. Logarithmic regression equation for 45 males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE3828FFBCBFBF2FBBA" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[994,1112,1049,1070]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE3828FFBCBFC5DFBBE" box="[994,1015,1050,1066]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE38568FBC8FBF2FBBA" box="[1029,1112,1049,1070]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (Y = —2.650 + 1.420X) and 22 males of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE380D1FBE7FD85FBD2" baseAuthorityName="Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[444,559,1077,1094]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE380D1FBE7FD85FBD2" box="[444,559,1077,1094]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">M lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (Y = 0.473 + 0.695X). For explanation see Discussion under
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE38136FB83FF65FBF2" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[91,207,1104,1126]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE38136FB83FFDAFBF6" box="[91,112,1106,1122]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE38113FB81FF65FBF2" box="[126,207,1104,1126]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="932D3693FFB6FFE38157FB24FD56FAB8" blockId="19.[28,558,1202,1690]" lastBlockId="19.[590,1124,1203,1324]" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">
Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE3818BFB27FED2FA9B" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityYear="1990" box="[230,376,1269,1295]" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE3818BFB27FEAAFA9E" box="[230,256,1270,1290]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE3807FFB24FED2FA9B" box="[274,376,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">sylvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, now MZUSP 28817 and USNM 276557, were collected 22 March 1985 in a well-shaded forest rivulet less than 1 meter wide and about 20-30 cm deep in most places. This creek was in a ravine of a mostly uncut. undisturbed tall forest, 1 or 2 km from the Atlantic coast, about 17 km from Cumuruxatiba, Bahia. The stream bottom consisted of forest litter, rocks, soil and sand with a mild nearly 0° to 30° gradient, well covered by riparian vegetation in many places. The water was tea colored. Other fish species taken at this site were
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE383ACFB62FC71FB59" authorityName="Weitzman &amp; Cruz" authorityYear="1981" box="[705,987,1203,1229]" family="Characidae" genus="Rachoviscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graciliceps">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE383ACFB62FC71FB59" box="[705,987,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Rachoviscus graciliceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, species of
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE38323FB07FD6BFB7A" box="[590,705,1238,1262]" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE38323FB07FD6BFB7A" box="[590,705,1238,1262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Astyanax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE383B1FB05FCD0FB7E" box="[732,890,1236,1258]" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE383B1FB05FCD0FB7E" box="[732,890,1236,1258]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Characidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="54924D10FFB6FFE382FFFB05FD1AFA9B" authority=", Heptapierus" authorityName="Heptapierus" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Aspidoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE382FFFB05FBA3FB7A" box="[914,1033,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Aspidoras</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="A1E6EA81FFB6FFE3854EFB04FD1AFA9B" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="399">Heptapıerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a gobiid and a hypoptopomine loricariid catﬁsh.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>