495 lines
49 KiB
XML
495 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2206" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2628832-d8e2-455d-8433-f917e18d85a6" ID-PMC="PMC3272634" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-165-57" ID-PubMed="22328857" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-165-57" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 165" ModsDocTitle="Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), a review based on morphological and DNA data" checkinTime="1451249373989" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aguila, Rayner Nunez, Plasencia, Edelquis Oliva, Maravi, Pavel F. Matos & Wahlberg, Niklas" docDate="2012" docId="0539196321A983937CEDAD9204580D3D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 165: 57-105" docOrigin="ZooKeys 165" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2206" docTitle="Calisto israeli Torre 1973" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="52029A0E40542146FF88424EDE12F510" masterDocTitle="Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), a review based on morphological and DNA data" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1668153189678" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), a review based on morphological and DNA data</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Aguila, Rayner Nunez</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Plasencia, Edelquis Oliva</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Maravi, Pavel F. Matos</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wahlberg, Niklas</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>165</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>57</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>105</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2206</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2206</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-165-57</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033113" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0539196321A983937CEDAD9204580D3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0539196321A983937CEDAD9204580D3D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Calisto_israeli" authority="Torre, 1973" authorityName="Torre" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli Torre, 1973</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 1-32532404856, 5760-6266
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
Torre 1973: 3,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Alayo, P" journalOrPublisher="Cientifico-Tecnica, La Habana" pageId="35" pageNumber="92" title="Atlas de las mariposas diurnas de Cuba (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)." year="1987">
|
||
Alayo and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||
1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 41,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nunez, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="36" pageNumber="93" pagination="46 - 58" title="Rediscovery of Calisto israeli Torre, with nomenclatural notes on the larger species of Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)." volume="2087" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 49
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israel" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israel">Calisto israel</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, DS" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, New York" pageId="37" pageNumber="94" title="The Butterflies of the West Indies and South Florida." year="1994">Smith et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 57, misspelling
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto sibylla subsp. smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sibylla" subSpecies="smintheus">Calisto sibylla smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Lamas 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 207
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from all its congeners by the large, triangle shaped patch of white scales at the middle portion of the inner margin at UNHW.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="3" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Description. FWL: 24-26 mm ♂, 25-27 mm ♀. Male UPFW uniform brown except basal two thirds of costa and androconial patch, dark brown almost black (Fig. 1). Androconial patch extending diagonally between posterior margin of cell and 2A vein to beyond M3 origin, outer and posterior margins rounded, about three fifths the length of FW (Fig. 32). Female UPFW with basal three fifths and outer margin dark brown, outer two fifths pale brown (Fig. 2). Male UPHW uniform dark brown, costa pale brown. Female UPHW dark brown at anterior two thirds, posterior third pale brown. UN of wings brown mixed with ochre and, in less extent, pale yellow scales mostly at basal half (Figs 3, 25); interspace of stl pale brown mixed with pale yellow scales. UN lines of wings without external edge of pale scaling, only white scales on outer edge of pdl at posterior half of wing. UNFW without red on cell and white scaling below cell to posterior margin. Post discal area on UNHW with four white dots at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rs–M">Rs-M</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, M1-M2, M2-M3, dot at M3-Cu1 if present very small; middle of UNHW posterior margin with a large triangular patch of white scales; post discal area heavily suffused with white scales. HW anal lobe entirely black at UN. Male genitalia heavily sclerotized, tegumen approximately 0.7 the length of uncus, with dorsum nearly flat (Fig. 40); uncus stout and slightly arched, tapering gradually
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="61" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
|
||
apex, base slightly protruding, subquadrate; digitiform projection of valve straight with ventral margin slightly concave; aedeagus swollen at base in lateral view, near straight with a small left curve at basal half in dorsal view. Female genitalia large (Fig. 48); dorsal crown very tall; corpus bursae broad, approximately 0.8 the length of ductus bursae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="61" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Holotype♀: Oriente (currently
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
), Cupeyal 730 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.449165">20°26'57"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-75.06056">75°03'38"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, V/1971, I.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
. CZACC, examined. Paratypes 2 ♂, 5 ♀: same data as for holotype except VI/1971, genitalia ♀ in glycerin. CZACC, MFP, examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" type="additional material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">
|
||
10 ♂, 6 ♀.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Morones, cerca de La Melba 250 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.439444">20°26'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-74.82056">74°49'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22/V/2007, N.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, genitalia in glycerin, DNA
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="62" start="start">voucher</pageBreakToken>
|
||
PM07-02 (M002) (1 ♂); antiguo campamento minero Meseta de El Toldo 800 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.455557">20°27'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-74.90056">74°54'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, IV/2008, E.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, genitalia in glycerin, DNA voucher PM07-27 (M046) (3 ♂).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Baracoa, Monte Iberia, campamento ladera norte 600 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="20.490417">20°29'25.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.73092">74°43'51.3"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18/V/2007, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, slide RNA162(wings), DNA voucher PM07-01 (M001) (1 ♂); Baracoa, Monte Iberia, ladera sur cerca de la cima 675 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="20.45664">20°27'23.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.74108">74°44'27.9"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20/V/2007, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, genitalia in glycerin, slides RNA170 (legs & labial palpus)/171(wings) (2 ♂); Baracoa, Monte Iberia, Tetas de Julia 650 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.463057">20°27'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.75369">74°45'13.3"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20/V/2007, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, genitalia ♂ in glycerin, slides RNA160/164 (wings)/172/173 (legs & labial palpus)/176(androconial scales) (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Baracoa, Monte Iberia, al sur de las Tetas de
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="63" start="start">Julia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
430 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.463057">20°27'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.75369">74°45'13.3"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20/V/2007, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, slides RNA168(legs & labial palpus) (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Baracoa, Monte Iberia, ladera norte 385 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.498056">20°29'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-74.73">74°43'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1/V/2011, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3 ♀). CZACC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="64" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Collected specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
come from several localities in the middle and western parts of the NSB mountains, from Monte Iberia plateau 25 km west to Cupeyal (Figs 56, 57). The species has also been recorded from Sierra de Cristal, 1230 m, during the last management plan of Pico Cristal National Park (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="64">ENPFF 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), extending its known distribution almost 50 km west compared to previous records. Species is probably present on the eastern half of NSB whenever its habitat is preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="immature stages">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Immature stages.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Eggs are laid loose, are near spherical in shape and ivory white in color.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="habitat and biology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Habitat and biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
The species inhabits several variants of evergreen and rainforests and, to a lesser extent, scrub forests (charrascales) of the NSB Mountains at altitudes between 250 and 1230 m (Figs 60-62). Individuals can be found mainly on forest paths and clearings both sunny and shady.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nunez, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="36" pageNumber="93" pagination="46 - 58" title="Rediscovery of Calisto israeli Torre, with nomenclatural notes on the larger species of Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)." volume="2087" year="2009">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded 28 individuals along 1.5 km of old mining roads. At Pico Cristal, during an ascent from the foothills to the top, 356 individuals of this species were recorded (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="64">ENPFF 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Althoughits life story is unknown, the species seems to be associated with climbing grasses like some of its Hispaniolan congeners (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, DS" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, New York" pageId="37" pageNumber="94" title="The Butterflies of the West Indies and South Florida." year="1994">Smith et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Schawrtz and Wetherbee 1996). In different visits to Monte Iberia plateau, the senior author found the species abundant only at sites where two climbing grass species,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arthrostylidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arthrostylidium pinifolia" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinifolia">Arthrostylidium pinifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chusquea</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., dominated the lower strata of the rainforest (Fig. 61). The only mating pair observed was found on May 2011, 3:30 pm, at one of the sites covered by grasses mentioned above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
The distinctive pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
permits a straightforward separation of the species from all its congeners, mostly based on a white triangular patch on the middle posterior margin at UNHW and the lack of red in cell at UNFW.
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="65" start="start">Nuclear</pageBreakToken>
|
||
DNA analysis grouped
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
alongwith
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a branch separated from the remainder of the Cuban taxa (Fig. 66), although the mitochondrial COI dataset suggests an earlier branching event of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage in the phylogeny, placing it as sister to the rest of Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="66" start="start">genetic</pageBreakToken>
|
||
distances regarding the COI sequence support the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid species since the minimum distance to the closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 9.01% while the average divergence percentages from other congeneric species is higher than 5%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 1-12. Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults. 1
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Baracoa, Monte Iberia, al sur de las Tetas de Julia 2
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side, same locality 3
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side 4
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side, Granma, Sierra Maestra, La Platica 5
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side, Granma,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bartolomé">Bartolome</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Masó">Maso</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ladera sur Pico Regino 6
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side 7
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Baracoa, ladera norte Monte Iberia 8
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
paratype ♀upper side, Oriente (currently
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
), Cupeyal 9
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side 10
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Sierra de Cristal, cerca de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
La Zoilita 400 m. 11
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Moa, Cayo Grande 12
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 13-24. Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults. 13
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side, Cienfuegos, Pico San Juan 14
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side, Sancti Spiritus, Topes de Collantes 15
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side 16
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species,holotype ♂upper side,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Baracoa, Monte Iberia plateau, Tetas de Julia 17
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species,paratype♀upper side, same locality 18
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species,holotype ♂under side 19
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side, Pinar del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
, base norte mogote Dos Hermanas 20
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side, same locality 21
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side 22
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂upper side, Matanzas, Varadero, Varahicacos 23
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀upper side, Artemisa, Sierra del Rosario, El Taburete 24
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂under side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 25-31. Live adults of Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 25
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
26
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
27
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
28
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
29
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species 30
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
31
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 32-39. Shape and location of androconial patch, under side lines, ocelli, white dots and realted veins in Cuban species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 32
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
33
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
34
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
35
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
36
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
37
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species 38
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
39
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Abbreviations:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="al–">al-</normalizedToken>
|
||
anal lobe,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="dl–">dl-</normalizedToken>
|
||
discal line,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="pdl–">pdl-</normalizedToken>
|
||
postdiscal line,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="stl–">stl-</normalizedToken>
|
||
subterminal lines, M1- median vein 1, M2- median vein 2, M3- median vein 3, Cu1- cubital vein 1, Cu2- cubital vein 2,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rs–">Rs-</normalizedToken>
|
||
radial sector.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 40-47. Male genitalia of Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
from top to bottom: main body in lateral view aedeagus in lateral view and aedeagus in dorsal view. 40
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
41
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
42
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
43
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
44
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
45
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
new species 46
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
47
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Abbreviations: un uncus t tegumen f lateral fold of uncus g gnathos v vinculum sc saccus dg digitiform projection of valve bv base of valve ab aedeagus base fp flattened processes lc left curves. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 48-55. Female genitalia of Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ventral view 48
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
49
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
50
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
51
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
52
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
53
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species 54
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
55
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviations: dc dorsal crown st sterigmal ring vf ventral fold of sterigmal ring il inner loop of sterigmal ring db ductus bursae cb corpus bursae sg signa. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 56-59. Geographical distribution of Cuban species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 56 Location of four Cuban major mountains ranges 57 Right rectangle in figure 56, distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nipe–">Nipe-</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sagua–">Sagua-</normalizedToken>
|
||
Baraoca mountain range, north, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Sierra Maestra range, south58 Central rectangle in figure 56, distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto muripetens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muripetens">Calisto muripetens</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Guamuhaya mountain range, central Cuba 59 Left rectangle in figure 56, distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto herophile" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herophile">Calisto herophile</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Guaniguanico mountain range, western Cuba.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figures 60-65. Habitat of Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 60 Rainforest path at north slope of Monte Iberia plateau, 600 m, habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto brochei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brochei">Calisto brochei</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species 61 Path dominated by climbing grasses,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arthrostylidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arthrostylidium pinifolia" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinifolia">Arthrostylidium pinifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chusquea</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., at north slope of Monte Iberia plateau, 400 m, preferred situation by
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species, is also present but not abundant 62 Scrub forest (charrascal) at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yamanigüey">Yamanigueey</normalizedToken>
|
||
, habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bruneri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">Calisto bruneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Calisto occulta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, new species, and in lesser degree of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto israeli" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="israeli">Calisto israeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
63 Lower strata of rainforest at Aguada de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Joaquín">Joaquin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Sierra Maestra, habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto smintheus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smintheus">Calisto smintheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
64 Secondary forest at base of limestone hill, mogote, at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Viñales">Vinales</normalizedToken>
|
||
valley, habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
65 Dry scrub on serpentine soil at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cajálbana">Cajalbana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto bradleyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradleyi">Calisto bradleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Figure 66. A Phylogenetic hypothesis based on a Bayesian analysis of COI data B Phylogenetic hypothsis for Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Calisto" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calisto" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calisto</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on five nuclear gene regions. For both figures, numbers to the right of nodes give the posterior probability of the node. Lineages leading to species are coloured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |