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<document id="3130BFB60C572CA6D6D3A1399111B6BB" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.291.1.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13698732" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725570831604" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wang, Cheng-Long, Li, Zhi-Qiang, Ding, Meng-Qi, Tang, Yu, Zhu, Xue-Mei, Liu, Jian-Lin, Shao, Ji-Rong &amp; Zhou, Mei-Liang" docDate="2017" docId="03E64749B260FFB993DD9FCFFC7FF7F3" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.291.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 291 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.291.1.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Fagopyrum longzhoushanense J. R. Shao 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="FFDF3F31B263FFBC93559F3BFFE0FFDB" masterDocTitle="Fagopyrum longzhoushanense, a new species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan, China" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1725578959139" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="CAE93B75AEDCE821A1940670FA215CD2">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense, a new species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5C860CE4D9B96CBCDCB6C42120D5CB6E">Wang, Cheng-Long</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4646013D5208A4A81318F302C159506">Li, Zhi-Qiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0659AD7B6E71FB29A06B2076CC3F5FB">Ding, Meng-Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBFFF918B5F9CC4D7BFEAA769F1C8C8C">Tang, Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BDC3B1E5B966372A8EE49FBDB705B26F">Department of Tourism Culture, Sichuan Higher Institute of Cuisine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="73389AA2460A3E9BBC861AE428A7B512">Zhu, Xue-Mei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5C287CF4ED63FAC4C37A899BBFB7D01">Liu, Jian-Lin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="304408621E62C5D0853276B132D5AD01">Shao, Ji-Rong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="08FEC3D8ABEE6B1FDF11D8CFF56E1F24">Zhou, Mei-Liang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="561B7D626D64055566A058B3610879B2">2017</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB260FFBF93DD9FCFFDB8FED4" ID-CoL="3DS92" authority="J.R.Shao" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,600,244,271]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD9FCFFE0DFED4" bold="true" box="[136,493,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
J.R.Shao
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2089736B260FFBF910A9FCDFD54FED4" box="[607,692,246,271]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB260FFBF91979FCDFCCCFED4" box="[706,812,246,271]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1944,1965]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1643,1664]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1411,201,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1436,475,1618]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@2.[151,1436,190,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-97@3.[151,1436,475,1618]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Fagopyrum longzhoushanense. A) Habit, B) Fruits (showing winged fruits) (drawning by Cheng-Long Wang based on the holotype at SAU!)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. A) The immature seeds of Fagopyrum gracilipes, B) The immature seeds of Fagopyrum longzhoushanense C) Habit of Fagopyrum longzhoushanense." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698734" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698736" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13698734/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13698736/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB260FFBF93DD9E7BFAD1FEA2" blockId="3.[136,1452,320,449]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD9E7BFF3AFE8E" bold="true" box="[136,218,320,341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Type:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F358B6CFB260FFBF938F9E7BFEC9FE8E" box="[218,297,320,341]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="498B38BDB260FFBF92679E7BFE3DFE8E" box="[306,477,320,341]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
: Liangshan State, Puge County, Longzhoushan, Lobo Village, in thick growth of maize fields, 27°37
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, 102°25
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,
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a.s.l.,
<date id="FFF1D09FB260FFBF91089E5FFCF9FEA2" box="[605,793,356,377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" value="2011-09-18">18 September 2011</date>
,
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(
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,
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!) (
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).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD9EB3FEEBFE46" bold="true" box="[136,267,392,413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF925E9EB3FEAAFE46" box="[267,330,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Affinis</emphasis>
Fagopyro gracilipei,
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF914D9EB3FAB4FE1A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">sed plantis omnino dense pubescentibus vel villosis, caulibus et ramis grossis, rubero-brunneis, nodis comparate densis, laminis supra tenuiter rugosis, manifeste parvopustulatis, staminibus longiis quam pistillis differt</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB260FFBF93DD9950FE54F97F" blockId="3.[136,1451,1643,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD9950FF1AF95B" bold="true" box="[136,250,1643,1664]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF925D9950FEC2F95B" bold="true" box="[264,290,1643,1664]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">A)</emphasis>
The immature seeds of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB260FFBF91409950FD0DF95B" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[533,749,1643,1664]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF91409950FD0DF95B" box="[533,749,1643,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Fagopyrum gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF91AE9950FCF3F95B" bold="true" box="[763,787,1643,1664]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">B)</emphasis>
The immature seeds of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB260FFBF97529950FACFF95B" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1031,1327,1643,1664]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF97529950FACFF95B" box="[1031,1327,1643,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF966D9950FAB1F95B" bold="true" box="[1336,1361,1643,1664]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">C)</emphasis>
Habit of
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<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD99B4FE4EF97F" box="[136,430,1679,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C355A5D4B260FFB893DD99EEFD11FEDA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="3" pageNumber="76" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB260FFBF93DD99EEFED8F935" bold="true" box="[136,312,1749,1774]" pageId="3" pageNumber="76">Description:—</emphasis>
Plants annual, herbaceous (therophyte),
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tall. Stems usually erect (sometimes prostrate), highly branched in the terminal part; stems and branches thick, red-brown, internodes shorter, nodes dense, densely pubescent or villous. Leaves alternate, entire on margins, with baldes greenish to reddish-brown, densely pubescent in both surfaces, rugulose and small postulate on the adaxial surface, ovate-triangular or triangular-ovate [(0.9)1.76.0 × (0.7)
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], petioled [petioles (0.5)
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long]. Inflorescences racemose, axillary and terminal,
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long. Flower with 5 perianth segments, elliptic to ovate [1.32.0 × 1.11.5(1.8) mm], white or pink-red; bracts, when present, ovate to broadly ovate [0.71.4 ×
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], finely pubescent, cordate basally, short-acuminate to pungent apically, basal veins 79, central thick vein projecting to an acuminate apex; pedicel linear, often greenish and white; rachis 4-angled, green to brownish, white villous, finely grooved; stamens 8, 0.81.0 mm long, longer than pistils, styles 3,
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long, white and glabrous, ovary with the stigma small, capitate. Achenes 2.53.0 × (2.0)2.53.0 mm, inflated in central section, smooth, lustrous, rounded basally, persistent perianth, obtuse apically, black or blackish brown, winged along achenes angles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF30A6D7B267FFB893DD9AFDFE8BF9F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13698738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13698738/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" startId="4.[136,229,1478,1499]" targetBox="[182,1410,301,1412]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893DD9AFDFE8BF9F8" blockId="4.[136,1452,1478,1571]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893DD9AFDFF19FA00" bold="true" box="[136,249,1478,1499]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Karyotypes of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB892CC9AFDFD21FA00" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[409,705,1478,1499]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB892CC9AFDFD21FA00" box="[409,705,1478,1499]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species.
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB890DB9AFDFC47FA00" bold="true" box="[910,935,1478,1499]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">A)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB890FA9AFDFB98FA00" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[943,1144,1478,1499]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB890FA9AFDFB98FA00" box="[943,1144,1478,1499]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, root tip cell chromosomes,
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB896C69AFDFA4BFA00" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1478,1499]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">B)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB893DD9AD1FEE1FA24" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[136,257,1514,1535]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893DD9AD1FEE1FA24" box="[136,257,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, root tip cell chromosomes [
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB8914E9AD1FDD3FA24" bold="true" box="[539,563,1514,1535]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">A,</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB891319AD1FD94FA24" bold="true" box="[612,628,1514,1535]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">B</emphasis>
are vouchered by
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB8907E9AD1FC34FA24" box="[811,980,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Shao &amp; Tang s.n.</emphasis>
(China. Sichuan: Liangshan, wet sites in valley, 1878m, 18 Sep. 2011)].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C355A5D4B267FFB893E89968FC11F9B7" box="[189,1009,1619,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893E89968FC11F9B7" blockId="4.[136,1452,1619,2076]" box="[189,1009,1619,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893E89968FE84F9B7" bold="true" box="[189,356,1619,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the name of the
<typeStatus id="54F448FDB267FFB890359968FC70F9B7" box="[864,912,1619,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355A5D4B267FFB993E8994CFB42F930" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893E8994CFDA4F903" blockId="4.[136,1452,1619,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893E8994CFDE4F94B" bold="true" box="[189,516,1655,1680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB89150994CFCBBF94B" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[517,859,1655,1680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB89150994CFCBBF94B" box="[517,859,1655,1680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from wet sites in valleys and orchards or limited to the thick growth of weeds in corn fields in Puge County (Liangshan State,
<collectingRegion id="498B38BDB267FFB8973E99A0FAD3F96F" box="[1131,1331,1691,1716]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F358B6CFB267FFB8966A99A0FA67F96F" box="[1343,1415,1691,1716]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">China</collectingCountry>
). It grows at elevations
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB892329984FDE2F903" box="[359,514,1727,1752]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" metricValueMax="1.98" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1890.0" valueMax="1980.0" valueMin="1800.0">18001980 m</quantity>
a.s.l..
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893E899D8FBFFF927" blockId="4.[136,1452,1619,2076]" box="[189,1055,1763,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893E899D8FEBFF927" bold="true" box="[189,351,1763,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Flowering time JulyOctober; fruiting time AugustNovember
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893E8983CFA6EF8B3" blockId="4.[136,1452,1619,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893E8983CFE2EF8FB" bold="true" box="[189,462,1799,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB8929B983CFCC3F8FB" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[462,803,1799,1824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB8929B983CFCC3F8FB" box="[462,803,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is assessed here as Least Concern (LC) according to IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN, 2001). This species is known from the protected nature reserves in Longzhoushan, and it has relatively extensive distribution including the core area
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB891AC9874FC83F8B3" box="[761,867,1871,1896]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.658" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="96.58">96.58 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C3A5B17B267FFB890379876FC8AF880" attach="left" box="[866,874,1869,1883]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">2</superScript>
and the buffer area
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB8971E9874FB55F8B3" box="[1099,1205,1871,1896]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.766" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="27.66">27.66 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C3A5B17B267FFB897E19876FB5CF880" attach="left" box="[1204,1212,1869,1883]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">2</superScript>
of Longzhoushan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB267FFB893E89848FB7AF7C7" blockId="4.[136,1452,1619,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB893E89848FE3AF857" bold="true" box="[189,474,1907,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Morphological remarks</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB267FFB892BE9848FDCFF857" box="[491,559,1907,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1643,1664]" captionTargetBox="[173,1436,475,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-97@3.[151,1436,475,1618]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) The immature seeds of Fagopyrum gracilipes, B) The immature seeds of Fagopyrum longzhoushanense C) Habit of Fagopyrum longzhoushanense." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13698736/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB891689848FDBDF857" bold="true" box="[573,605,1907,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="77"></emphasis>
Fruits (achenes) of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB8906F9848FB72F857" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[826,1170,1907,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB8906F9848FB72F857" box="[826,1170,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are triangular pyramidal or ovoid triangular-pyramidal, inflated in central section, rounded basally, obtuse apically. The achenes are 2.53.0 mm long and (2.0)2.53. mm in diameter, black or blackish-brown, lustrous, winged along achenes angles,
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB896029880FF57F823" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.82.5 mm</quantity>
. On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB892F798E4FDCFF823" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[418,559,2015,2040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB892F798E4FDCFF823" box="[418,559,2015,2040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays fruit mostly triangular-pyramidal, and acute upper apex,
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB8967698E4FA4CF823" box="[1315,1452,2015,2040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.32.5 mm</quantity>
long and (1.5)
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB267FFB892649738FE5BF7C7" box="[305,443,2051,2076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.8">1.82.4 mm</quantity>
in diameter (so being slightly smaller then
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB267FFB890F49738FB6AF7C7" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[929,1162,2051,2076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB267FFB890F49738FB6AF7C7" box="[929,1162,2051,2076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="77">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF30A6D7B266FFB993DD9C86FA8AFC09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698740" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13698740" box="[136,1386,957,978]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13698740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" startId="5.[136,229,957,978]" targetBox="[185,1411,227,912]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD9C86FA8AFC09" blockId="5.[136,1386,957,978]" box="[136,1386,957,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993DD9C86FF1EFC09" bold="true" box="[136,254,957,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Neighbor-Joining tree based the
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991699C86FD90FC09" box="[572,624,957,978]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">matK</emphasis>
sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993E89B39FBADFACC" blockId="5.[136,1455,1026,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993E89B39FEDDFBC0" bold="true" box="[189,317,1026,1051]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Karyotype</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="C6CDC3E4B266FFB992019B39FE53FBC0" box="[340,435,1026,1051]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="1.[136,216,1362,1383]" captionText="TABLE 2. The parameters of chromosomes from F. longzhoushanense in this study. RL = Relative Length; AR = arm ratio." pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Table 2</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB266FFB9929D9B39FDF2FBC0" box="[456,530,1026,1051]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1478,1499]" captionTargetBox="[182,1410,301,1412]" captionTargetId="figure-54@4.[151,1436,281,1452]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Karyotypes of Fagopyrum longzhoushanense and related species. A) F. longzhoushanense, root tip cell chromosomes, B) F. gracilipes, root tip cell chromosomes [A, and B are vouchered by Shao &amp; Tang s.n. (China. Sichuan: Liangshan, wet sites in valley, 1878m, 18 Sep. 2011)]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13698738/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991749B39FDA1FBC0" bold="true" box="[545,577,1026,1051]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78"></emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB991149B39FC40FBC0" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[577,928,1026,1051]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991149B39FC40FBC0" box="[577,928,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fagopyrum longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a diploid taxon, with 16 chromosomes (2n=2x=16), with metacentric chromatid.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9913C9B1DFD17FBE4" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[617,759,1062,1087]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9913C9B1DFD17FBE4" box="[617,759,1062,1087]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a tetraploid taxon, with 32 chromosomes (4n=4x=32), of which 30 chromosomes are metacentric and two are submetacentric. No satellites were observed on chromosomes of either
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9939A9B55FE58FB5C" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[207,440,1134,1159]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9939A9B55FE58FB5C" box="[207,440,1134,1159]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9928B9B55FD89FB5C" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[478,617,1134,1159]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9928B9B55FD89FB5C" box="[478,617,1134,1159]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The relative length of chromosome from
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB997139B55FACFFB5C" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1094,1327,1134,1159]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB997139B55FACFFB5C" box="[1094,1327,1134,1159]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B9098B266FFB996059B55FA7CFB5C" box="[1360,1436,1134,1159]" degrees="10.057" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="10.057">10.057</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B9098B266FFB996C89B55FF38FB70" degrees="14.751" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="-14.751"> 14.751</geoCoordinate>
, and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosome is 1.467. The ratio of chromosome arms ranges from 1.026 to 1.667, and the average ratio is 1.289. The relative length of chromosome from
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB990A29B8DFB62FB14" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[1015,1154,1206,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990A29B8DFB62FB14" box="[1015,1154,1206,1231]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 2.224.10, and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosome is 1.85. The ratio of chromosome arms ranges from 1.06 to 2.02 while the average is 1.28. Both of them should be assigned to category 1A according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB990C19BC5FBAAFACC" author="Stebbins, G. L." box="[916,1098,1278,1303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" refId="ref3972" refString="Stebbins, G. L. (1971) Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. Edward Arnold Ltd., London, 247 pp." type="book" year="1971">Stebbins (1971)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993E89A19FF31FA58" blockId="5.[136,1455,1026,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993E89A19FD3AFAE0" bold="true" box="[189,730,1313,1339]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
Phylogenetic relationship based on the
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991C99A1AFD3AFAE0" bold="true" box="[668,730,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">matK</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB266FFB991B99A19FCB9FAE0" box="[748,857,1314,1339]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[136,229,957,978]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,229,936,957]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1411,227,912]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1413,238,887]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@5.[151,1436,190,932]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@6.[151,1436,190,911]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-Joining tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Maximum-Likelihood tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698740" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698742" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13698740/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13698742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Figs. 45</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990339A19FC66FAE0" bold="true" box="[870,902,1314,1339]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78"></emphasis>
The lengths of
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB997629A19FB94FAE0" box="[1079,1140,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">matK</emphasis>
in the currently sequenced species of buckwheats was consistent with the data reported before, which size were within 1428 bp (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB997B99A7DFF24FA58" author="Johnson, L. A. &amp; Soltis, D. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="149 - 175" refId="ref3412" refString="Johnson, L. A. &amp; Soltis, D. E. (1995) Phylogenetic inference in Saxifragaceae sensu stricot and Gilia (Polemoneaceae) using matK sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 149 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2399875" type="journal article" year="1995">Johnson &amp; Soltis 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993E89AB5FF2EF91C" blockId="5.[136,1455,1026,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
On the basis of the results obtained (
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB266FFB9913B9AB5FD3CFA7C" box="[622,732,1422,1447]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[136,229,957,978]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,229,936,957]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1411,227,912]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1413,238,887]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@5.[151,1436,190,932]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@6.[151,1436,190,911]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-Joining tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Maximum-Likelihood tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698740" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698742" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13698740/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13698742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Figs. 45</figureCitation>
) two major clades (marked as “A” and “B” in
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB266FFB9965D9AB5FAADFA7C" box="[1288,1357,1422,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,957,978]" captionTargetBox="[185,1411,227,912]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[151,1436,190,932]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-Joining tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13698740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) can be considered. The Group A (97% of bootstrap value) includes six
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB990169A89FBFCFA10" box="[835,1052,1458,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990169A89FC26FA10" box="[835,966,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fagopyrum</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9977E9A89FA6CFA10" authority="Gaertn (1791: 182)" authorityName="Gaertn" authorityPageNumber="182" authorityYear="1791" box="[1067,1420,1458,1483]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tataricum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9977E9A89FB52FA10" box="[1067,1202,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. tataricum</emphasis>
Gaertn (1791: 182)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB996C29A89FE13FA34" authority="Moench (1794: 290)" authorityName="Moench" authorityPageNumber="290" authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculentum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB996C29A89FEE6FA34" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. esculentum</emphasis>
Moench (1794: 290)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB992A89AEDFCA6FA34" authority="Meisn (1832: 63)" authorityName="Meisn" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1832" box="[509,838,1494,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cymosum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB992A89AEDFD60FA34" box="[509,640,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. cymosum</emphasis>
Meisn (1832: 63)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB990019AEDFAE6FA34" authority="J. R. Shao (2008: 929)" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityPageNumber="929" authorityYear="2008" box="[852,1286,1494,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wenchuanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990019AEDFBF1FA34" box="[852,1041,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. wenchuanense</emphasis>
J.R.Shao (2008: 929)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB996449AEDFE8FF9C8" authority="H. Gross (1913: 21)" authorityName="H. Gross" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1913" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urophyllum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB996449AEDFA4BFA34" box="[1297,1451,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. urophyllum</emphasis>
H. Gross (1913: 21)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB992F89AC1FCB1F9C8" authority="J. R. Shao (2015: 22)" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="2015" box="[429,849,1530,1555]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="loujishanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB992F89AC1FD84F9C8" box="[429,612,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. loujishanense</emphasis>
J.R.Shao (2015: 22)
</taxonomicName>
] (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB990C39AC1FBE1F9C8" author="Lin, R. F." box="[918,1025,1530,1555]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="252 - 257" refId="ref3541" refString="Lin, R. F. (2004) The development and utilization of tartary buck-wheat resources. Proceedings of the 9 th International Symposium on Buckwheat 2004: 252 - 257." type="journal article" year="2004">Lin 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB997589AC1FB5EF9C8" author="Campbell, C. G." box="[1037,1214,1530,1555]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" refId="ref3257" refString="Campbell, C. G. (1997) Buckwheat: Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (Vol. 19). Bioversity International." type="book" year="1997">Campbell 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB9979C9AC1FA87F9C8" author="Yamane, K. &amp; Yasui, Y. &amp; Ohnishi, O." box="[1225,1383,1530,1555]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="339 - 346" refId="ref4151" refString="Yamane, K., Yasui, Y. &amp; Ohnishi, O. (2003) Intraspecific cpDNA variations of diploid and tetraploid perennial buckwheat, Fagopyrum cymosum (Polygonaceae). American Journal of Botany 90: 339 - 346." type="journal article" year="2003">Yamane 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB996269AC1FEE3F9EC" author="Shao, J. R. &amp; Zhou, M. L. &amp; Zhu, X. M. &amp; Wang, D. Z. &amp; Bai, D. Q." pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="256 - 261" refId="ref3893" refString="Shao, J. R., Zhou, M. L., Zhu, X. M., Wang, D. Z. &amp; Bai, D. Q. (2011) Fagopyrum wenchuanense and Fagopyrum qiangcai, two new species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan, China. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 21 (2): 256 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2009107" type="journal article" year="2011">
Shao
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993DD9925FF5AF9EC" box="[136,186,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
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,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB9925A9925FE0CF9EC" author="Ohnishi, O. &amp; Matsuoka, Y." box="[271,492,1566,1591]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="383 - 390" refId="ref3616" refString="Ohnishi, O. &amp; Matsuoka, Y. (1996) Search for the wild ancestor of buckwheat II. Taxonomy of Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae) species based on morphology, isozymes and cpDNA variability. Genes &amp; Genetic Systems 71 (6): 383 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1266 / ggs. 71.383" type="journal article" year="1996">
Ohnishi
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB992259925FE42F9EC" box="[368,418,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 1996
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB992AD9925FD4FF9EC" author="Hou, L. L. &amp; Zhou, M. L. &amp; Zhang, Q. &amp; Qi, L. P. &amp; Yang, X. B. &amp; Tang, Y. &amp; Zhu, X. M. &amp; Shao, J. R." box="[504,687,1566,1591]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="22 - 26" refId="ref3280" refString="Hou, L. L., Zhou, M. L., Zhang, Q., Qi, L. P., Yang, X. B., Tang, Y., Zhu, X. M. &amp; Shao, J. R. (2015) Fagopyrum luojishanense, a New Species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan, China. Novon A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 24: 22 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2013047" type="journal article" year="2015">
Hou
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991659925FD83F9EC" box="[560,611,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
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). The Group B (100% of bootstrap value) contains five
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9967C9925FF39F980" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9967C9925FA4CF9EC" box="[1321,1452,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fagopyrum</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB993BF9979FDBBF980" authority="D. Q. Bai (2011: 256)" authorityName="D. Q. Bai" authorityPageNumber="256" authorityYear="2011" box="[234,603,1602,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="qiangcai">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993BF9979FE88F980" box="[234,360,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. qiangcai</emphasis>
D.Q.Bai (2011: 256)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB991329979FC51F980" authority="T. Yu (2010: 239)" authorityName="T. Yu" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="2010" box="[615,945,1602,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pugense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991329979FD00F980" box="[615,736,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. pugense</emphasis>
T. Yu (2010: 239)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB990E89979FA6AF980" authority="Damm. ex Diels (1900: 31)" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityPageNumber="31" authorityYear="1900" box="[957,1418,1602,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990E89979FBAAF980" box="[957,1098,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
Damm. ex Diels (1900: 31)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB996C29979FDEBF9A4" authority="J. L. Liu (2008: 530)" authorityName="J. L. Liu" authorityPageNumber="530" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densovillosum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB996C29979FEC8F9A4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. densovillosum</emphasis>
J.L.Liu (2008: 530)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB99111995DFCCBF9A4" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[580,811,1638,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB99111995DFCCBF9A4" box="[580,811,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB9903B995DFBC4F9A4" author="Tang, Y. &amp; Zhou, M. L. &amp; Bai, D. Q. &amp; Shao, J. R. &amp; Zhu, X. M. &amp; Wang, D. Z. &amp; Tang, Y. X." box="[878,1060,1638,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="239 - 242" refId="ref4071" refString="Tang, Y., Zhou, M. L., Bai, D. Q., Shao, J. R., Zhu, X. M., Wang, D. Z., &amp; Tang, Y. X. (2010) Fagopyrum pugense (Polygonaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 20 (2): 239 - 242." type="journal article" year="2010">
Tang
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB990F9995DFC3CF9A4" box="[940,988,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB9977B995DFB04F9A4" author="Shao, J. R. &amp; Zhou, M. L. &amp; Zhu, X. M. &amp; Wang, D. Z. &amp; Bai, D. Q." box="[1070,1252,1638,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="256 - 261" refId="ref3893" refString="Shao, J. R., Zhou, M. L., Zhu, X. M., Wang, D. Z. &amp; Bai, D. Q. (2011) Fagopyrum wenchuanense and Fagopyrum qiangcai, two new species of Polygonaceae from Sichuan, China. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 21 (2): 256 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2009107" type="journal article" year="2011">
Shao
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB99739995DFB7DF9A4" box="[1132,1181,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
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,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB997BB995DFA47F9A4" author="Zhou, M. L. &amp; Wang, C. L. &amp; Wang, D. Z. &amp; Zheng, Y. D. &amp; Li, F. L. &amp; Zhu, X. M. &amp; Tang, Y. X. &amp; Shao, J. R. &amp; Tang, Y. &amp; Wu, Y. M." box="[1262,1447,1638,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="403 - 409" refId="ref4321" refString="Zhou, M. L., Wang, C. L., Wang, D. Z., Zheng, Y. D., Li, F. L., Zhu, X. M., Tang, Y. X., Shao, J. R., Tang, Y. &amp; Wu, Y. M. (2014) Phylogenetic relationship of four new species related to southwestern Sichuan Fagopyrum based on morphological and molecular characterization. Biochemical Systematics &amp; Ecology 57: 403 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. bse. 2014.09.024" type="journal article" year="2014">
Zhou
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9967A995DFABFF9A4" box="[1327,1375,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE8BAEB266FFB993DD99B1FE87F978" author="Ohnishi, O. &amp; Matsuoka, Y." box="[136,359,1674,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="383 - 390" refId="ref3616" refString="Ohnishi, O. &amp; Matsuoka, Y. (1996) Search for the wild ancestor of buckwheat II. Taxonomy of Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae) species based on morphology, isozymes and cpDNA variability. Genes &amp; Genetic Systems 71 (6): 383 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1266 / ggs. 71.383" type="journal article" year="1996">
Ohnishi
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993BC99B1FEFCF978" box="[233,284,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 1996
</bibRefCitation>
). Both the cladograms (
<figureCitation id="1374EADAB266FFB9912299B1FD03F978" box="[631,739,1674,1699]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[136,229,957,978]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,229,936,957]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1411,227,912]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1413,238,887]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@5.[151,1436,190,932]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@6.[151,1436,190,911]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Neighbor-Joining tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Maximum-Likelihood tree based the matK sequences. Numbers showed on/below the branches were the bootstrap values." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698740" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13698742" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13698740/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13698742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Figs. 45</figureCitation>
) show that
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9903C99B1FBB3F978" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[873,1107,1674,1699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9903C99B1FBB3F978" box="[873,1107,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered as separate taxon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993E899E9FB42F930" blockId="5.[136,1455,1026,1771]" box="[189,1186,1746,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993E899E9FE7DF930" bold="true" box="[189,413,1746,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Diagnostic keys:—</emphasis>
We following present key to identify the
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9903299E9FBA2F930" box="[871,1090,1746,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9903299E9FC0AF930" box="[871,1002,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fagopyrum</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
studied.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355A5D4B266FFB993DD982DFA4BF7DF" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="key">
<key id="FFDEA16EB266FFB993DD982DFA4BF860" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<keyStep id="30BBEEFAB266FFB993DD982DFA4BF85A" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD982DFA4BF893" blockId="5.[136,1451,1814,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<keyLead id="30BE556AB266FFB993DD982DFA4BF893" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
1. Plants subglabrous, stems and branches thin, green or green-brown, internodes sparser, nodes scattered; Llaf blade hirtellous or subglabrous in both the surfaces, nearly smooth surface .................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB996669808FA4BF893" ID-CoL="3DS8R" authorityName="Damm. ex Diels" authorityYear="1900" box="[1331,1451,1843,1864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB996669808FA4BF893" box="[1331,1451,1843,1864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD9874FA4BF85A" blockId="5.[136,1451,1814,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<keyLead id="30BE556AB266FFB993DD9874FA4BF85A" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">- Plants densely pubescent or villose; stems and branches thick, red-brown, internodes shorter, nodes dense; leaf blade densely pubescent in both the surfaces, rugulose and small pustulate............................................................................................................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30BBEEFAB266FFB993DD98B2FA4BF860" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD98B2FA4AF845" blockId="5.[136,1451,1814,1979]" box="[136,1450,1929,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<keyLead id="30BE556AB266FFB993DD98B2FA4AF845" box="[136,1450,1929,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
2. Achenes never winged on the angles.........................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB9965F98B2FA4AF845" authorityName="J. L. Liu" authorityYear="2008" box="[1290,1450,1929,1950]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densovillosum">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB9965F98B2FA4AF845" box="[1290,1450,1929,1950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. densovillosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD989DFA4BF860" blockId="5.[136,1451,1814,1979]" box="[136,1451,1958,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<keyLead id="30BE556AB266FFB993DD989DFA4BF860" box="[136,1451,1958,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
- Achenes winged on the angles ...........................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4F8DDCB266FFB997B6989DFA4BF860" ID-CoL="3DS92" authorityName="J. R. Shao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1251,1451,1958,1979]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Fagopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longzhoushanense">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB997B6989DFA4BF860" box="[1251,1451,1958,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">F. longzhoushanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993E898D0FA4BF7DF" blockId="5.[136,1451,2027,2088]" box="[189,1451,2027,2052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB993E898D0FEBAF7DF" bold="true" box="[189,346,2027,2052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<typeStatus id="54F448FDB266FFB993E898D0FED8F7DF" box="[189,312,2027,2052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:—
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<collectingCountry id="F358B6CFB266FFB9920F98D0FE56F7DF" box="[346,438,2027,2052]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="498B38BDB266FFB9929698D0FDC2F7DF" box="[451,546,2027,2052]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
: Puge County, Longzhoushan, Lobo Village, in a thick growth of maize fields,
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C355A5D4B266FFB993DD9734FC7FF7F3" box="[136,927,2063,2088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF0F65FB266FFB993DD9734FC7FF7F3" blockId="5.[136,1451,2027,2088]" box="[136,927,2063,2088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
<quantity id="4CB75BBAB266FFB993DD9734FF3DF7F3" box="[136,221,2063,2088]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.878" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1878.0">1878 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<date id="FFF1D09FB266FFB992739734FDE2F7F3" box="[294,514,2063,2088]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" value="2011-09-18">18 September 2011</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93B2A4DB266FFB991589734FCA6F7F3" box="[525,838,2063,2088]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Ji-Rong Shao Ghassot 5060</emphasis>
(SAU).
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