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<document id="880B1EB1CE23524A5802A71B92033332" ID-CLB-Dataset="7639" ID-DOI="10.1206/885.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48769858-fe3b-415b-9ac8-3feeb42a9bae" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4629954" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615992553244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lecroy, Mary" docDate="2014" docId="0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2014.393.1-165.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phonygammus aruensis Cracraft" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="94" masterDocId="FFA12C52193FFFD36A7C900E1F21FF86" masterDocTitle="Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae" masterLastPageNumber="165" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1698933641009" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B6A173C87B3448EE9E277CE99015ECFF">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AB4C7565DA8AB9D3D62B5065C9EC82D9">Lecroy, Mary</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A8358CDFA054A486162DF0B9F06BE7B3">Department of Vertebrate Zoology (Ornithology) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="0A784D1AFABA00BF70C4E530D22423F8">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630287" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180667596" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4630287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71962FF8E697696001B5EF9A3" box="[778,1151,1550,1573]" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1962FF8E697696001B5EF9A3" blockId="93.[778,1151,1550,1573]" box="[778,1151,1550,1573]" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<heading id="D0C652501962FF8E697696001B5EF9A3" box="[778,1151,1550,1573]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1962FF8E697696001B5EF9A3" authority="Cracraft" authorityName="Cracraft" box="[778,1151,1550,1573]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aruensis">
<emphasis id="B945392E1962FF8E697696001B5EF9A3" bold="true" box="[778,1151,1550,1573]" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B945392E1962FF8E697696001B34F9A2" bold="true" box="[778,1045,1550,1573]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">Phonygammus aruensis</emphasis>
Cracraft
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71962FF8D68C1964A1FD1FE87" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1962FF8E68C1964A1C3BF90B" blockId="93.[701,1228,1604,1758]" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C2121962FF8E68C1964A1C3BF90B" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1962FF8E68C1964A1BB3F9D1" author="Cracraft, J." box="[701,1170,1604,1624]" page="10" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1962FF8E68C1964A1BB3F9D1" authority="Cracraft, 1992: 10" authorityName="Cracraft" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1992" box="[701,1170,1604,1624]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aruensis">
<emphasis id="B945392E1962FF8E68C1964A1C95F9D1" box="[701,948,1604,1624]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">Phonygammus aruensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1962FF8E69B8964A1BB3F9D1" author="Cracraft" box="[964,1170,1604,1623]" firstAuthor="Cracraft" page="10" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref121493" refString="Cracraft, J. 1992. The species of the birds-ofparadise (Paradisaeidae): applying the phylogenetic species concept to a complex pattern of diversification. Cladistics 8: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1992">Cracraft, 1992: 10</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(Sq. Wanoem
<collectingRegion id="49F52BDE1962FF8E694096511C46F9F4" box="[828,871,1631,1650]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">Bay</collectingRegion>
, Kobror Island, Aru Islands, West Irian).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1962FF8D68C196981FD1FE87" blockId="93.[701,1228,1604,1758]" lastBlockId="94.[120,619,211,257]" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C2121962FF8D68C196981FD1FE87" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">
Now
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1962FF8E6886969B1C2DF945" ID-CoL="5KDP4" authority="Cracraft, 1992" authorityName="Cracraft" authorityYear="1992" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="keraudrenii" subSpecies="aruensis">
<emphasis id="B945392E1962FF8E6886969B1B44F92E" box="[762,1125,1685,1705]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="93">Phonygammus keraudrenii aruensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1962FF8E6E11969B1C2DF945" author="Cracraft" firstAuthor="Cracraft" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref121493" refString="Cracraft, J. 1992. The species of the birds-ofparadise (Paradisaeidae): applying the phylogenetic species concept to a complex pattern of diversification. Cladistics 8: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1992">Cracraft, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. See
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1962FF8E693996BE1B70F945" author="Diamond, J. M." box="[837,1105,1712,1731]" page="326" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1962FF8E693996BE1B70F945" author="Diamond" box="[837,1105,1712,1731]" firstAuthor="Diamond" page="326 - 327" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" refId="ref122318" refString="Diamond, J. M. 1972. Avifauna of the Eastern Highlands of New Guinea. Pblications of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, no. 12. Cambridge, MA: Nuttall Ornithological Club, 438 pp." type="book" year="1972">Diamond, 1972: 326327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1962FF8E6E2296BF1C54F958" author="Nunn and Cracraft" firstAuthor="Nunn" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" pagination="445 - 459" refId="ref132318" refString="Nunn, G. B., and J. Cracraft. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of the birds-of-paradise (Paradisaeidae) using mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5 (3): 445 - 459." type="journal article" year="1996">Nunn and Cracraft, 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1962FF8D69F896C51FBEFF61" author="Frith, C. B. &amp; B. M. Beehler" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" page="229" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1962FF8D69F896C51FBEFF61" author="Frith and Beehler" firstAuthor="Frith" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="94" page="229 - 240" pageId="93" pageNumber="93" refId="ref123229" refString="Frith, C. B., and B. M. Beehler. 1998. The birds of paradise Paradisaeidae. Oxford: Oxford University Press, xxx + 613 pp, 15 pls, black-and-white illustrations, maps, sonograms." type="book" year="1998">Frith and Beehler, 1998: 229 240</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6AD690DD1EABFF60" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[170,394,211,231]" page="516" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6AD690DD1EABFF60" author="Dickinson" box="[170,394,211,231]" firstAuthor="Dickinson" page="516" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref122474" refString="Dickinson, E. C. 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson, 2003: 516</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; and
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6BBF90DD1FCDFE87" author="Frith, C. B. &amp; D. W. Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6BBF90DD1FCDFE87" author="Frith and Frith" firstAuthor="Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="461 - 492" refId="ref123444" refString="Frith, C. B., and D. W. Frith. 2009 b. Family Paradisaeidae (birds-of-paradise). Species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott and D. A. Christie (editors). Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 14, Bush-shrikes to Old World sparrows: 461 - 492. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 893 pp, 51 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Frith and Frith, 2009b: 464</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71961FF8D6A0691161FFCFE7A" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A0691161FFCFE7A" blockId="94.[93,620,280,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<materialsCitation id="3B59EF611961FF8D6A0691161FFCFE7A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3059913876" collectingDate="1900-09-02" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" location="Sungai" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" specimenCode="AMNH 677414" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Papua Barat" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548A5B9E1961FF8D6A0691161FDBFEA8" box="[122,250,280,304]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6B6D91171EEDFEA8" bold="true" box="[273,460,281,302]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="DB974D471961FF8D6B6D91171EEDFEA8" box="[273,460,281,302]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677414</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
, adult male, collected on
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6B7F91391E72FECB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6B7F91391E72FECB" box="[259,339,311,333]" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" name="Sungai" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Sungai</location>
(= Sg. as on label),
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6A21915A1FCCFEEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6A21915A1FCCFEEC" box="[93,237,340,362]" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" name="Wanoembai" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Wanoembai</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0583FB1961FF8D6B7B915A1E79FEEC" box="[263,344,340,362]" degrees="06.02" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="-6.02">06.02S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0583FB1961FF8D6B0D915A1EEFFEEF" box="[369,462,340,361]" degrees="134.18" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="134.18">134.18E</geoCoordinate>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B90915A1E6CFE01" author="Frith and Beehler" firstAuthor="Frith" page="571" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref123229" refString="Frith, C. B., and B. M. Beehler. 1998. The birds of paradise Paradisaeidae. Oxford: Oxford University Press, xxx + 613 pp, 15 pls, black-and-white illustrations, maps, sonograms." type="book" year="1998">Frith and Beehler, 1998: 571</bibRefCitation>
),
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6B11917F1D05FE01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6B11917F1D05FE01" box="[365,548,369,391]" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" name="Kobror Island" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Kobror Island</location>
,
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6840917F1F92FE22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6840917F1F92FE22" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" name="Aru Islands" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Aru Islands</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F52BDE1961FF8D6AB691811EACFE22" box="[202,397,398,420]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Papua Province</collectingRegion>
(=
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6BA891811D7EFE22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6BA891811D7EFE22" box="[468,607,398,420]" country="Indonesia" county="From" latitude="-6.02" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="134.18" municipality="Heinrich Kuhn" name="West Irian" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Papua Barat">West Irian</location>
),
<collectingCountry id="F326A5AC1961FF8D6A2191A21FF3FE44" box="[93,210,428,450]" name="Indonesia" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, on
<date id="FF8FC3FC1961FF8D6B7891A21EF7FE47" box="[260,470,428,450]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-02">
<collectingDate id="EFCB3A141961FF8D6B7891A21EF7FE47" box="[260,470,428,450]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-02">2 September 1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, by
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEA7F461961FF8D687A91A21F80FE59" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Heinrich Kühn</collectingMunicipality>
(no. 2499).
<collectingCounty id="62EF9DB01961FF8D6B2591C71EBAFE58" box="[345,411,457,478]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">From</collectingCounty>
the Rothschild Collection.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71961FF8D6A06920C1EACFA44" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A06920C1FBAFCDC" blockId="94.[93,620,280,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<materialsCitation id="3B59EF611961FF8D6A06920C1E02FD60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3059913608" collectingDate="1900-09-14" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Kuhn. The" location="Trangan Island" municipality="Aru Islands" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" specimenCode="AMNH 677411" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
COMMENTS: Cracraft listed the
<collectionCode id="ED207DF91961FF8D6871920A1D4AFD9F" box="[525,619,516,537]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH</collectionCode>
number of the
<typeStatus id="548A5B9E1961FF8D6B4D922F1EB8FDB1" box="[305,409,545,567]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in the original description and noted that he had four additional specimens in his type series, all collected by
<collectorName id="26C480EA1961FF8D6B3792771EFEFD09" box="[331,479,633,655]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Kühn. The</collectorName>
<typeStatus id="548A5B9E1961FF8D6B8492771D4AFD08" box="[504,619,633,654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are:
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D6AEB92981E76FD2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D6AEB92981E76FD2A" box="[151,343,662,684]" municipality="Aru Islands" name="Trangan Island" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Trangan Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEA7F461961FF8D6B1692981EDFFD2A" box="[362,510,662,684]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Aru Islands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D686D92981F8EFD4E" bold="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="DB974D471961FF8D686D92981F8EFD4E" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677411</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(Kühns no. illegible), male,
<date id="FF8FC3FC1961FF8D682C92BD1E02FD60" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-14">
<collectingDate id="EFCB3A141961FF8D682C92BD1E02FD60" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-14">14 September 1900</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B59EF611961FF8D6B4B92DE1FB6FCDC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3059913764" collectingDate="1900-09-03" collectingDateMax="1900-09-04" collectingDateMin="1900-09-03" collectionCode="AMNH" location="Kobror Island" municipality="Aru Islands" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" specimenCode="AMNH 677412, AMNH 677413, AMNH 677415" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Sungai Wanoembai,
<location id="8EEEB3E71961FF8D684092DF1FCDFC82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1962FF8D697696001EACFA44:8EEEB3E71961FF8D684092DF1FCDFC82" municipality="Aru Islands" name="Kobror Island" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Kobror Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEA7F461961FF8D6B7E92E01EB9FC82" box="[258,408,750,772]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Aru Islands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6BD292E31D4AFC84" bold="true" box="[430,619,749,770]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="DB974D471961FF8D6BD292E31D4AFC84" box="[430,619,749,770]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677412</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(2500),
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6ABB93051EACFCA6" bold="true" box="[199,397,779,800]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="DB974D471961FF8D6ABB93051EACFCA6" box="[199,397,779,800]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677413</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(2498),
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D686D93051F8EFCBB" bold="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<specimenCode id="DB974D471961FF8D686D93051F8EFCBB" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677415</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(2497) three males,
<date id="FF8FC3FC1961FF8D6BC493261FB6FCDC" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-03" valueMax="1900-09-04" valueMin="1900-09-03">
<collectingDate id="EFCB3A141961FF8D6BC493261FB6FCDC" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1900-09-03" valueMax="1900-09-04" valueMin="1900-09-03">34 September 1900</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A06936D1E25FB1B" blockId="94.[93,620,280,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
The species
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6B74936C1D16FCFF" baseAuthorityName="R.Lesson &amp; Garnot" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[264,567,866,889]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keraudrenii">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6B74936C1D16FCFF" box="[264,567,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus keraudrenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6B0793711EDAFC10" authorityName="Boddaert" authorityYear="1783" box="[379,507,895,918]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Manucodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6B0793711EDAFC10" box="[379,507,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Manucodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D684A938E1E55FC35" author="Diamond" firstAuthor="Diamond" page="307 - 308" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref122318" refString="Diamond, J. M. 1972. Avifauna of the Eastern Highlands of New Guinea. Pblications of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, no. 12. Cambridge, MA: Nuttall Ornithological Club, 438 pp." type="book" year="1972">Diamond (1972: 307308)</bibRefCitation>
, and this has been followed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6A8093B51D3DFC57" author="Coates" box="[252,540,955,977]" firstAuthor="Coates" page="437 - 439" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref121312" refString="Coates, B. J. 1990. The birds of Papua New Guinea. Vol. 2. Passerines. Alderley, Queensland: Dove Publications Pty., 576 pp, photographs." type="book" year="1990">Coates (1990: 437439)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D685393B41E54FC68" author="Frith and Beehler" firstAuthor="Frith" page="229" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref123229" refString="Frith, C. B., and B. M. Beehler. 1998. The birds of paradise Paradisaeidae. Oxford: Oxford University Press, xxx + 613 pp, 15 pls, black-and-white illustrations, maps, sonograms." type="book" year="1998">Frith and Beehler (1998: 229)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6BC893D61FD6FB8D" author="Frith and Frith" firstAuthor="Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="461 - 492" refId="ref123444" refString="Frith, C. B., and D. W. Frith. 2009 b. Family Paradisaeidae (birds-of-paradise). Species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott and D. A. Christie (editors). Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 14, Bush-shrikes to Old World sparrows: 461 - 492. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 893 pp, 51 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Frith and Frith (2009b: 464)</bibRefCitation>
, but the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6BB993FA1D4AFB8D" authorityName="R.Lesson &amp; Garnot" authorityYear="1826" box="[453,619,1012,1035]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6BB993FA1D4AFB8D" box="[453,619,1012,1035]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been retained by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B0A941C1D47FBAE" author="Cracraft" box="[374,614,1042,1064]" firstAuthor="Cracraft" page="10" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref121493" refString="Cracraft, J. 1992. The species of the birds-ofparadise (Paradisaeidae): applying the phylogenetic species concept to a complex pattern of diversification. Cladistics 8: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1992">Cracraft (1992: 10)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6A21943E1E93FBC3" author="Nunn and Cracraft" box="[93,434,1071,1093]" firstAuthor="Nunn" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="445 - 459" refId="ref132318" refString="Nunn, G. B., and J. Cracraft. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of the birds-of-paradise (Paradisaeidae) using mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5 (3): 445 - 459." type="journal article" year="1996">Nunn and Cracraft (1996)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6BB594211EB2FBE4" author="Schodde and Mason" firstAuthor="Schodde" page="525 - 526" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref136218" refString="Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schodde and Mason (1999: 525526)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B8F94431FC2FB06" author="Dickinson" firstAuthor="Dickinson" page="516" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref122474" refString="Dickinson, E. C. 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003: 516)</bibRefCitation>
. Recognition of
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6BD594671D6EFB06" authorityName="R.Lesson &amp; Garnot" authorityYear="1826" box="[425,591,1129,1152]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6BD594671D6EFB06" box="[425,591,1129,1152]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is followed here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A0694AB1FB6FAEC" blockId="94.[93,620,280,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
Described as a phylogenetic species by Cracraft,
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6AAB94CC1E12FB51" box="[215,307,1218,1239]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aruensis">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6AAB94CC1E12FB51" box="[215,307,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">aruensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been included as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6B7694D01D61FB73" baseAuthorityName="R.Lesson &amp; Garnot" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[266,576,1246,1269]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keraudrenii">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6B7694D01D61FB73" box="[266,576,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus keraudrenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6A2194F21E7EFA94" author="Dickinson" box="[93,351,1276,1298]" firstAuthor="Dickinson" page="516" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref122474" refString="Dickinson, E. C. 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003: 516)</bibRefCitation>
and as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6A2195171E49FAB6" baseAuthorityName="Lesson &amp; Garnot" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[93,360,1305,1328]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Manucodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keraudrenii">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6A2195171E49FAB6" box="[93,360,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Manucodia keraudrenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6BE495171E37FACB" author="Frith and Beehler" firstAuthor="Frith" page="232 - 233" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref123229" refString="Frith, C. B., and B. M. Beehler. 1998. The birds of paradise Paradisaeidae. Oxford: Oxford University Press, xxx + 613 pp, 15 pls, black-and-white illustrations, maps, sonograms." type="book" year="1998">Frith and Beehler (1998: 232233)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B2895391FB2FAEC" author="Frith and Frith" firstAuthor="Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="461 - 492" refId="ref123444" refString="Frith, C. B., and D. W. Frith. 2009 b. Family Paradisaeidae (birds-of-paradise). Species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott and D. A. Christie (editors). Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 14, Bush-shrikes to Old World sparrows: 461 - 492. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 893 pp, 51 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Frith and Frith (2009b: 464)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A06957F1EACFA44" blockId="94.[93,620,280,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
Sungai Wanoem
<collectingRegion id="49F52BDE1961FF8D6B36957C1E56FA01" box="[330,375,1394,1415]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Bay</collectingRegion>
is the narrow strait that separates Kobror Island from Wokam Island in the Aru Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>