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<mods:title id="B578877AE6882332EA8347A0EEEED31C">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0398542A1961FF8D6AE995ED1B4BFBAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612432" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180667594" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398542A1961FF8D6AE995ED1B4BFBAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398542A1961FF8D6AE995ED1B4BFBAC" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71961FF8D6AE995ED1D12FA7C" box="[149,563,1507,1530]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6AE995ED1D12FA7C" blockId="94.[149,563,1507,1530]" box="[149,563,1507,1530]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0C652501961FF8D6AE995ED1D12FA7C" box="[149,563,1507,1530]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6AE995ED1D12FA7C" authority="Reichenow" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1918" box="[149,563,1507,1530]" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6AE995ED1D12FA7C" bold="true" box="[149,563,1507,1530]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6AE995ED1E90FA7F" bold="true" box="[149,433,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus neumanni</emphasis>
Reichenow
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71961FF8D6A21961E1C82FE5E" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A21961E1E56F9B8" blockId="94.[93,619,1552,1758]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6A21961E1E52F9B8" author="Reichenow, A." page="438" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1918">
<taxonomicName id="4C319EBF1961FF8D6A21961E1E52F9B8" authority="Reichenow, 1918: 438 (Lordberg, Sepikgebiet)" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1918" class="Aves" family="Paradisaeidae" genus="Phonygammus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6A21961E1E42F9A5" box="[93,355,1552,1572]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus neumanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B08961F1D4AF9A2" author="Reichenow" box="[372,619,1553,1572]" firstAuthor="Reichenow" page="438" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="437 - 439" refId="ref133511" refString="Reichenow, A. 1918. Herr Reichenow beschreibt folgende neuen Arten. Deutsche Ornithologische Gesellschaft. Bericht uber die Maisitzung 1918. Journal fur Ornithologie 66: 437 - 439." type="journal article" year="1918">Reichenow, 1918: 438</bibRefCitation>
(Lordberg, Sepikgebiet)
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D6A2196481E14F958" blockId="94.[93,619,1552,1758]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C2121961FF8D6A2196481E14F958" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
Now
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<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D6AE0964B1D3AF9DF" box="[156,539,1605,1625]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Phonygammus keraudrenii neumanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D685B96481FDCF9F2" author="Reichenow" firstAuthor="Reichenow" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="437 - 439" refId="ref133511" refString="Reichenow, A. 1918. Herr Reichenow beschreibt folgende neuen Arten. Deutsche Ornithologische Gesellschaft. Bericht uber die Maisitzung 1918. Journal fur Ornithologie 66: 437 - 439." type="journal article" year="1918">Reichenow, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B36966F1D49F9F2" author="Stresemann" box="[330,616,1633,1652]" firstAuthor="Stresemann" page="43 - 44" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref137564" refString="Stresemann, E. 1923. Dr. Burgers' ornithologische Ausbeute im Stromgebiet des Sepik. Archiv fur Naturgischichte 89 (7): 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1923">Stresemann, 1923: 4344</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6A0496721E66F908" author="Mayr, E." box="[120,327,1659,1679]" page="186" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1962">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6A0496721E66F908" author="Mayr" box="[120,327,1659,1679]" firstAuthor="Mayr" page="186" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="181 - 204" refId="ref130639" refString="Mayr, E. 1962 d. Family Paradisaeidae. In E. Mayr and J. C. Greenway, Jr. (editors). 1962. Checklist of birds of the world, 15: 181 - 204. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, x + 315 pp." type="book chapter" year="1962" yearSuffix="d">Mayr, 1962d: 186</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6B2196751D46F908" author="Gilliard, E. T." box="[349,615,1659,1678]" page="104" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B2196751D46F908" author="Gilliard" box="[349,615,1659,1678]" firstAuthor="Gilliard" page="104 - 108" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref123770" refString="Gilliard, E. T. 1969. Birds of paradise and bower birds. Garden City, NY: Natural History Press, xxii + 485 pp, pls, 32 photographs." type="book" year="1969">Gilliard, 1969: 104108</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6A0496981E42F92F" author="Coates, B. J." box="[120,355,1686,1705]" page="437" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6A0496981E42F92F" author="Coates" box="[120,355,1686,1705]" firstAuthor="Coates" page="437 - 439" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref121312" refString="Coates, B. J. 1990. The birds of Papua New Guinea. Vol. 2. Passerines. Alderley, Queensland: Dove Publications Pty., 576 pp, photographs." type="book" year="1990">Coates, 1990: 437439</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6B1196981D0AF92F" author="Cracraft, J." box="[365,555,1686,1705]" page="14" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B1196981D0AF92F" author="Cracraft" box="[365,555,1686,1705]" firstAuthor="Cracraft" page="14" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref121493" refString="Cracraft, J. 1992. The species of the birds-ofparadise (Paradisaeidae): applying the phylogenetic species concept to a complex pattern of diversification. Cladistics 8: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1992">Cracraft, 1992: 14</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D684996981E92F945" author="Frith, C. B. &amp; B. M. Beehler" page="229" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D684996981E92F945" author="Frith and Beehler" firstAuthor="Frith" page="229 - 240" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" refId="ref123229" refString="Frith, C. B., and B. M. Beehler. 1998. The birds of paradise Paradisaeidae. Oxford: Oxford University Press, xxx + 613 pp, 15 pls, black-and-white illustrations, maps, sonograms." type="book" year="1998">Frith and Beehler, 1998: 229240</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; and
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C32D1961FF8D6B8296BE1E10F958" author="Frith, C. B. &amp; D. W. Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6B8296BE1E10F958" author="Frith and Frith" firstAuthor="Frith" page="464" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="461 - 492" refId="ref123444" refString="Frith, C. B., and D. W. Frith. 2009 b. Family Paradisaeidae (birds-of-paradise). Species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott and D. A. Christie (editors). Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 14, Bush-shrikes to Old World sparrows: 461 - 492. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 893 pp, 51 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">Frith and Frith, 2009b: 464</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D68C490DD1C82FE5E" blockId="94.[667,1194,211,1066]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<typeStatus id="548A5B9E1961FF8D68C490DD1C02FF6F" box="[696,803,211,235]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="syntype">SYNTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B945392E1961FF8D694390DA1CDEFF6C" bold="true" box="[831,1023,212,234]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">AMNH 677459</emphasis>
, adult male, collected at Durchblick (= Lordberg),
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0583FB1961FF8D6884911E1C76FEA3" box="[760,855,272,293]" degrees="142.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="142.31">142.31E</geoCoordinate>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D691B911E1BBAFEA0" author="Veldkamp" box="[871,1179,272,294]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Veldkamp" page="37" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="32 - 38" refId="ref139591" refString="Veldkamp, J. F., W. Vink, and D. G. Frodin. 1988. Ledermann's and some other German localities in Papua New Guinea. Flora Malesiana Bulletin 10 (1): 32 - 38." type="journal article" year="1988">Veldkamp et al., 1988: 37</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49F52BDE1961FF8D68E791201CBAFEC2" box="[667,923,302,324]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="East Sepik" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">East Sepik Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F326A5AC1961FF8D69CC91201B88FEC2" box="[944,1193,302,324]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(formerly, Deutsch-Neuguinea), on
<date id="FF8FC3FC1961FF8D6E2F91451C1DFEF8" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" value="1912-12-11">11 December 1912</date>
, by Joseph Bürgers on the Deutschen Kaiserin-Augustafluss-Expedition 19121913 (no. 871). From ZMB via the Rothschild Collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB6B71961FF8D68C491D01B4BFBAC" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D68C491D01B2DFC13" blockId="94.[667,1194,211,1066]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
COMMENTS: Reichenow, in the original description, did not designate a type or say how many specimens he examined.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D6E2792121C76FDC9" author="Stresemann" firstAuthor="Stresemann" page="44" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref137564" refString="Stresemann, E. 1923. Dr. Burgers' ornithologische Ausbeute im Stromgebiet des Sepik. Archiv fur Naturgischichte 89 (7): 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1923">Stresemann (1923: 44)</bibRefCitation>
noted that six specimens had been collected.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D692992591B41FDEB" author="Steinheimer" box="[853,1120,599,621]" firstAuthor="Steinheimer" page="10" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref137077" refString="Steinheimer, F. D. 2005. The type specimens of Paradisaeidae, Cnemophilidae and Ptilonorhynchidae (Aves) in the Museum fur Naturkunde of the Humboldt-University of Berlin. Zootaxa 1072: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2005">Steinheimer (2005: 10)</bibRefCitation>
listed five
<typeStatus id="548A5B9E1961FF8D68B0927B1C0EFD0C" box="[716,815,629,650]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in ZMB and noted that AMNH 677459 (not 677454) might have type status. Because Stresemann listed six specimens with their wing measurements, the above example would have been sent to Rothschild after 1923 and would have been part of Reichenows type series. This specimen had not previously been recognized as a type despite both the Bürgers and the Rothschild labels having been marked Cotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE53C1961FF8D68C493901B4BFBAC" blockId="94.[667,1194,211,1066]" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA098CD1961FF8D68C493901C95FC35" author="Stresemann" box="[696,948,925,947]" firstAuthor="Stresemann" page="5" pageId="94" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref137564" refString="Stresemann, E. 1923. Dr. Burgers' ornithologische Ausbeute im Stromgebiet des Sepik. Archiv fur Naturgischichte 89 (7): 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1923">Stresemann (1923: 5)</bibRefCitation>
remarked that Bürgers and his collectors remained behind on the Lordberg (= Durchblick) while the rest of the expedition proceeded farther up the
<collectingRegion id="49F52BDE1961FF8D68E7941A1DFDFBAC" box="[667,732,1044,1066]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West Sepik" pageId="94" pageNumber="94">Sepik</collectingRegion>
River (= Kaiserin-Augustafluss).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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