375 lines
50 KiB
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375 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.16.236" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bce38a29-3fdd-4d4b-a5df-1ccf3b44b71c" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993690" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576479" ID-ZooBank="1DBBDBA2-6036-4675-984F-E640BC2A1575" checkinTime="1587974101365" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jaeger, Peter, Rheims, Cristina & Labarque, Facundo" docDate="2009" docId="039787A5FFED73056ED02C89FBD2FDFC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2012.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 16 (16)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@1b4312d" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Sparianthina Banks 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="FFAEFFDDFFEF73016E5C2E50FFF4FF94" masterDocTitle="On the huntsman spider genera Sparianthina Banks, 1929 and Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 from South and Central America (Araneae, Sparassidae)" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="115" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1643563690872" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On the huntsman spider genera Sparianthina Banks, 1929 and Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 from South and Central America (Araneae, Sparassidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jaeger, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rheims, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Labarque, Facundo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires ,,</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-07-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>115</mods:start>
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<mods:end>147</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.16.236</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">bce38a29-3fdd-4d4b-a5df-1ccf3b44b71c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576479</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1DBBDBA2-6036-4675-984F-E640BC2A1575</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787A5FFED73056ED02C89FBD2FDFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787A5FFED73056ED02C89FBD2FDFC" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<subSubSection box="[140,540,729,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,545,694,756]" box="[140,540,729,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<heading box="[140,540,729,756]" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,540,729,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1929" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[223,540,729,756]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[223,384,729,756]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sparianthina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Banks" box="[391,540,729,756]" firstAuthor="Banks" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref14713" refString="Banks N (1929) Spiders from Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 69: 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Banks, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,800,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<treatmentCitation box="[140,439,800,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1929" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[140,439,800,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[140,284,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sparianthina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Banks" box="[293,439,800,826]" firstAuthor="Banks" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref14713" refString="Banks N (1929) Spiders from Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 69: 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Banks, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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: (description of genus).
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<treatmentCitation box="[719,936,800,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<bibRefCitation author="Roewer" box="[719,936,800,827]" firstAuthor="Roewer" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 1751" refId="ref15614" refString="Roewer CF (1954) Katalog der Araneen von 1758 bis 1940, bzw. 1954. Bruxelles 2: 1 - 1751." type="journal article" year="1954">Roewer 1954: 684</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<bibRefCitation author="Bonnet" firstAuthor="Bonnet" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="3027 - 4230" refId="ref14778" refString="Bonnet P (1958) Bibliographia araneorum. Douladoure, Toulouse 2 (4): 3027 - 4230." type="journal article" year="1958">Bonnet 1958: 4110</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation box="[259,421,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick" box="[259,421,835,862]" firstAuthor="Platnick" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" refId="ref15448" refString="Platnick NI (2009) The world spider catalog, version 9.5. American Museum of Natural History, New York. http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / (accessed: 15. I. 2009)" type="url" year="2009">Platnick 2009</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="multiple">
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<subSubSection box="[140,902,905,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,905,1672]" box="[140,902,905,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,461,905,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis box="[140,198,906,932]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" reason="1">
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<typeStatus box="[140,198,906,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Type</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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species by monotypy:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1929" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[468,898,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selenopoides">
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<emphasis box="[468,746,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sparianthina selenopoides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Banks" box="[753,898,906,932]" firstAuthor="Banks" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref14713" refString="Banks N (1929) Spiders from Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 69: 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Banks, 1929</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,905,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,428,941,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis box="[185,297,941,967]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" reason="1">Extended</emphasis>
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diagnosis.
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</emphasis>
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Small sized
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1872" box="[580,707,941,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sparassidae</taxonomicName>
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with total length: 5.2-9.8. Cheliceral teeth with 3 (in exceptional cases with 4) promarginal and 4 to 8 retromarginal teeth; cheliceral furrow with denticles, mostly arranged in a long row (
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<figureCitation box="[929,1015,1011,1038]" captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[1027,1103,1011,1038]" captionStart="Figures 22-33" captionStartId="9.[140,222,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,192,1522]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[140,1108,183,1534]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 22-33. Sparianthina pumilla (Keyserling, 1880) comb. n. from Colombia (22-26 ♁ lectotype 27-33 ♀ paralectotypes).22-24 Left ♁ palp (22 prolateral 23 ventral 24 retrolateral) 25, 32 Eyes, dorsal 26, 33 Chelicerae, ventral 27-28 Epigyne, ventral 29 Internal duct system, dorsal 30 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal 31 Habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817485/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">26, 33</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[140,217,1047,1073]" captionStart="Figures 34-45" captionStartId="11.[140,222,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[166,1106,201,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[140,1108,191,1512]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 34-45. Sparianthina rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. from Guyana (34-39 ♁ NHM 1930.4.15.48 40 ♀ holotype 41-45 ♀ NHM 1930.4.15.45). 34-37 Left ♁ palp (34 prolateral 35 ventral 36-37 retrolateral) 38, 43 Chelicerae, ventral 39, 44 Eyes, dorsal 40-41 Epigyne, ventral 42 Internal duct system, dorsal. 45 Labium and left gnathocoxa, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817487/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">38, 43</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[231,263,1046,1073]" captionStart="Figures 50-54" captionStartId="13.[140,222,588,610]" captionTargetBox="[140,1105,165,562]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[140,1108,165,568]" captionText="Figures 50-54. Sparianthina sp. from French Guyana (♀ MZPW, PJ 1667) 50 Epigyne, ventral 51 Internal duct system, dorsal 52 Chelicerae, ventral 53 Eyes, dorsal 54 Right leg III, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817491/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">52</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[276,309,1047,1074]" captionStart="Figures 55-64" captionStartId="14.[140,222,1525,1547]" captionTargetBox="[147,1092,173,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[140,1108,165,1505]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figures 55-64. Sparianthina milleri (Caporiacco, 1955) comb. n. from Venezuela (55-57 ♁ holotype 58-64 NHRS, PJ 2855).55-57 Left ♁ palp (55 prolateral 56 ventral 57 retrolateral) 58 Epigyne, ventral (arrows point to lateral outgrowths of epigynal field) 59 Internal duct system, dorsal 60 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal 61 Detail of right glandular appendage, dorsal 62 Eyes, dorsal 63 Chelicerae, ventral 64 Palpal claw, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817493/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">63</figureCitation>
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||
). Eye arrangement similar to
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<taxonomicName box="[649,819,1047,1073]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[835,962,1047,1073]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref14899" refString="Jager P (1998) First results of a taxonomic revision of the SE Asian Sparassidae (Araneae). In: Selden PA (Ed) Proceedings of the 17 th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh, 1997. British Arachnological Society, Burnham Beeches, Bucks, 53 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1998">Jäger 1998</bibRefCitation>
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) with lateral eyes larger than median eyes and anterior eye row recurved, posterior eye row slightly recurved to straight. Posterior lateral eyes close to transition between narrow head part and thoracic part of prosoma (
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<figureCitation box="[550,685,1152,1179]" captionStart="Figures 22-33" captionStartId="9.[140,222,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,192,1522]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[140,1108,183,1534]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figures 22-33. Sparianthina pumilla (Keyserling, 1880) comb. n. from Colombia (22-26 ♁ lectotype 27-33 ♀ paralectotypes).22-24 Left ♁ palp (22 prolateral 23 ventral 24 retrolateral) 25, 32 Eyes, dorsal 26, 33 Chelicerae, ventral 27-28 Epigyne, ventral 29 Internal duct system, dorsal 30 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal 31 Habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817485/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Figs 25, 32</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[700,778,1152,1178]" captionStart="Figures 34-45" captionStartId="11.[140,222,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[166,1106,201,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[140,1108,191,1512]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 34-45. Sparianthina rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. from Guyana (34-39 ♁ NHM 1930.4.15.48 40 ♀ holotype 41-45 ♀ NHM 1930.4.15.45). 34-37 Left ♁ palp (34 prolateral 35 ventral 36-37 retrolateral) 38, 43 Chelicerae, ventral 39, 44 Eyes, dorsal 40-41 Epigyne, ventral 42 Internal duct system, dorsal. 45 Labium and left gnathocoxa, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817487/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">39, 44</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[793,825,1152,1179]" captionStart="Figures 50-54" captionStartId="13.[140,222,588,610]" captionTargetBox="[140,1105,165,562]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[140,1108,165,568]" captionText="Figures 50-54. Sparianthina sp. from French Guyana (♀ MZPW, PJ 1667) 50 Epigyne, ventral 51 Internal duct system, dorsal 52 Chelicerae, ventral 53 Eyes, dorsal 54 Right leg III, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817491/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">53</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[839,872,1152,1179]" captionStart="Figures 55-64" captionStartId="14.[140,222,1525,1547]" captionTargetBox="[147,1092,173,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[140,1108,165,1505]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figures 55-64. Sparianthina milleri (Caporiacco, 1955) comb. n. from Venezuela (55-57 ♁ holotype 58-64 NHRS, PJ 2855).55-57 Left ♁ palp (55 prolateral 56 ventral 57 retrolateral) 58 Epigyne, ventral (arrows point to lateral outgrowths of epigynal field) 59 Internal duct system, dorsal 60 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal 61 Detail of right glandular appendage, dorsal 62 Eyes, dorsal 63 Chelicerae, ventral 64 Palpal claw, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817493/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">62</figureCitation>
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). Lateral projections of trilobate membrane extending beyond median hook (
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||
<figureCitation box="[784,868,1187,1214]" captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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). Female palpal claw with moderately elongated teeth (
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||
<figureCitation box="[515,599,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[611,643,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figures 55-64" captionStartId="14.[140,222,1525,1547]" captionTargetBox="[147,1092,173,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[140,1108,165,1505]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figures 55-64. Sparianthina milleri (Caporiacco, 1955) comb. n. from Venezuela (55-57 ♁ holotype 58-64 NHRS, PJ 2855).55-57 Left ♁ palp (55 prolateral 56 ventral 57 retrolateral) 58 Epigyne, ventral (arrows point to lateral outgrowths of epigynal field) 59 Internal duct system, dorsal 60 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal 61 Detail of right glandular appendage, dorsal 62 Eyes, dorsal 63 Chelicerae, ventral 64 Palpal claw, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817493/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">64</figureCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[654,778,1223,1249]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="107 - 125" refId="ref15020" refString="Jager P (2004) A study of the character ' palpal claw' in the spider subfamily Heteropodinae (Araneae: Sparassidae). In: Logunov DV, Penney D (Eds) Proceedings of the 21 st European Colloquium of Arachnology, St. - Petersburg, 4 - 9 August 2003. KMK Scientifik Press, Moscow, 107 - 125." type="book chapter" year="2004">Jäger 2004</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 15 sub
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" box="[911,1053,1223,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Anaptomecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[911,1053,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Anaptomecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.). Males with tegulum shifted basally, leaving space in the distal alveolus for a strongly developed subtegulum (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[461,557,1293,1320]" captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Figs 2, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embolus in some species with embolic apophysis, membranous conductor situated on a membranous base, thus being movable (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Heavy dorsal tegular apophysis (DTA) present, situated dorsally from embolus and being in tight contact with subtegulum by a hook or other appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[966,1093,1399,1425]" captionStart="Figures 1-13" captionStartId="5.[140,222,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[150,1039,176,1474]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[143,1083,165,1474]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-13. Sparianthina selenopoides Banks, 1929 from Panama (1-4 ♁ MCZ 69063 5-10 ♁ lectotype 11-13 ♀ paralectotype). 1-9 Left ♁ palp (1, 5 prolateral 2, 6 ventral 3, 7 retrolateral 4 cymbium with bulbus expanded 8 RTA, dorsal 9 embolus, embolic apophysis, conductor, ventral) 10 Left chelicerae, ventral 11 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus IV, dorsal 12 Leg claw, lateral 13 Palpal claw, retrolateral. BH – basal haematodocha; C – conductor; DTA – distal tegular apophysis; E – embolus; EA – embolic apophysis; MH – median haematodocha; ST – subtegulum; T – tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817449/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Figs 1-2, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). RTA arising medially to distally from tibia with complex shape and more than one apex. Females hardly diagnosable by their copulatory organs; in most species known so far epigynal furrows (“epigyneale Falte/Furche” sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jarvi" box="[755,876,1504,1530]" firstAuthor="Jarvi" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="1 - 131" refId="ref15214" refString="Jarvi TH (1912) Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. Eine morphologische, systematische und zoogeographische Studie uber eine Spinnenfamilie. I. Allgemeiner Teil. Annales Academiae scientiarum Fennica 4 (1): 1 - 131." type="journal article" year="1912">Järvi 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jarvi" box="[890,950,1504,1530]" firstAuthor="Jarvi" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="118 - 235" refId="ref15253" refString="Jarvi TH (1914) Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. Eine morphologische, systematische und zoogeographische Studie uber eine Spinnenfamilie. II. Spezieller Teil. Annales Academiae scientiarum Fennica (Ser. A) 4 (1): 118 - 235." type="journal article" year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) only present in anterior epigyne (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[376,462,1539,1565]" captionStart="Figures 46-49" captionStartId="12.[140,222,865,887]" captionTargetBox="[157,1089,178,844]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[157,1090,178,844]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 46-49. Sparianthina rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. from Guyana (♀ NHRS, PJ 1878). 46-47 Epigyne (46 ventral 47 posterior) 48-49 Internal duct system (48 dorsal 49 detail of right half). EF – epigynal furrow (explanation see diagnosis for Sparianthina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817489/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
: EF), not connecting to epigastric furrow (exception:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Keyserling" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilla" status="comb. n.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">S. pumilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[233,335,1575,1601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), posterior epigyne slightly extending beyond epigastric furrow as a rounded median extension. Internal duct system with one pair of glandular appendages in functionally initial part, i.e. in anterior part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="118" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,360,166,192]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,354,166,192]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" reason="1">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Total length (♁♁ and
|
||
<specimenCount box="[643,673,167,193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) 5.2-9.8. Prosoma as long as wide. Cephalic region slightly higher than thoracic region. Fovea long and conspicuous on posterior third of prosoma. Eyes arranged in two rows, the anterior recurved and posterior straight or very slightly recurved. AME slightly smaller than ALE and further apart from each other than from laterals. PME smaller than PLE, equidistant. Clypeus low, as high as or slightly lower than AME diameter. Chelicerae longer than wide, the two retrolateral basal teeth smaller than others. Intermarginal denticles present, mostly scattered at the base of the cheliceral groove. Gnathocoxae parallel, longer than wide with dense scopula on internal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[601,688,448,475]" captionStart="Figures 34-45" captionStartId="11.[140,222,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[166,1106,201,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[140,1108,191,1512]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 34-45. Sparianthina rufescens (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. n. from Guyana (34-39 ♁ NHM 1930.4.15.48 40 ♀ holotype 41-45 ♀ NHM 1930.4.15.45). 34-37 Left ♁ palp (34 prolateral 35 ventral 36-37 retrolateral) 38, 43 Chelicerae, ventral 39, 44 Eyes, dorsal 40-41 Epigyne, ventral 42 Internal duct system, dorsal. 45 Labium and left gnathocoxa, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3817487/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
). Leg formula 2143. Tarsi I-IV with pair of pectinate claws bearing 15-20 short and slightly curved teeth. Female pedipalp with single pectinate claw with 5-6 long and curved teeth. Opisthosoma slightly triangular, longer than wide. Tracheal spiracle contiguous to spinnerets. Anal tubercule small and triangular, covered by a few long hairs. Six spinnerets: anterior lateral spinnerets contiguous, conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment slightly elongate and cylindrical. Distal segment short and truncated. Posterior median spinnerets conical and short. Posterior lateral spinnerets conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment elongate and cylindrical. Distal segment short and truncated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Male palp: Tibia slightly longer than cymbium, with one retrolateral, one dorsal and three prolateral spines. Distal margin with small ventro-retrolateral, triangular projection and retrolateral RTA. Cymbium with large median alveolus and elongate dorsal scopula. Subtegulum oval, smooth. Tegulum with retrolateral swelling and subembolic projection, the latter notched onto the subtegulum. Embolus with wide base and distally narrowed, with one or two small projections at its base. Conductor long and hyaline.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Female epigynum: epigynum divided longitudinally into a median septum and lateral borders. Lateral borders smooth, lacking projections. Anterior atrium bearing pair of copulatory openings. Vulva with long and convoluted internal duct system with small, anterior glandular projection close to copulatory openings. Fertilisation ducts very long and hook shaped.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1187,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,339,1187,1213]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[354,482,1187,1214]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[497,589,1188,1214]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[603,719,1187,1213]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[733,849,1187,1213]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[863,952,1188,1214]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(undescribed species are known from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[412,508,1223,1249]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[518,758,1223,1249]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
, French
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[855,949,1223,1249]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,351,1257,1283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,346,1257,1283]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" reason="1">Composition</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1929" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[358,788,1258,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selenopoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[358,637,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina selenopoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Banks" box="[644,788,1258,1284]" firstAuthor="Banks" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" pagination="53 - 96" refId="ref14713" refString="Banks N (1929) Spiders from Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 69: 53 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Banks, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Keyserling, 1880)" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Keyserling" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilla" status="comb. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[801,1037,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina pumilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Keyserling" firstAuthor="Keyserling" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" refId="ref15297" refString="Keyserling E (1880) Die Spinnen Amerikas, I. Laterigradae. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnberg 1, 283 pp." type="book" year="1880">Keyserling, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[306,409,1293,1320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1940)" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[423,915,1293,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens" status="comb. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[423,668,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina rufescens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao" box="[683,907,1293,1319]" firstAuthor="Mello-Leitao" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" pagination="175 - 197" refId="ref15364" refString="Mello-Leitao CF de (1940) Spiders of the Guiana forest collected by O. W. Richards. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estatdo de Sao Paulo 2: 175 - 197." type="journal article" year="1940">Mello-Leitão, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[923,1027,1293,1320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Caporiacco, 1955)" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Caporiacco" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri" status="comb. n.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina milleri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caporiacco" box="[326,534,1328,1355]" firstAuthor="Caporiacco" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" pagination="265 - 448" refId="ref14798" refString="Caporiacco L di (1955) Estudios sobre los aracnidos de Venezuela. 2 a parte: Araneae. Acta biologica venezuelica 1: 265 - 448." type="journal article" year="1955">Caporiacco, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[553,658,1328,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque, 2009" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" box="[674,920,1328,1354]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltshevi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[674,920,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina deltshevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[930,997,1329,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque, 2009" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adisi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina adisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[264,327,1364,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque, 2009" authorityName="Jaeger & Rheims & Labarque" authorityYear="2009" box="[340,578,1363,1389]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saaristoi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[340,578,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina saaristoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[586,647,1364,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,166,1672]" lastBlockId="4.[140,1108,167,616]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,356,1398,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,351,1398,1424]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" reason="1">Relationships</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[365,509,1399,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[365,509,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Sparianthina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles in several characters
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[873,1043,1399,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Asia and Africa: Eye arrangement with lateral eyes larger than median eyes and at least the anterior eye row distinctly recurved, denticles in cheliceral furrow present in combination with 3 promarginal teeth, long teeth on the
|
||
<specimenCount box="[732,747,1505,1531]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
palpal claw and trilobate membrane with all three elements, i.e., median hook and lateral projections well developed and of about the same size (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[472,604,1575,1601]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref14899" refString="Jager P (1998) First results of a taxonomic revision of the SE Asian Sparassidae (Araneae). In: Selden PA (Ed) Proceedings of the 17 th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh, 1997. British Arachnological Society, Burnham Beeches, Bucks, 53 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1998">Jäger 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Cheliceral denticles occur in various genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1872" box="[212,342,1610,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sparassidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g., in the Asian genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Rainbow, 1899" authorityName="Rainbow" authorityYear="1899" box="[637,981,1610,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Gnathopalystes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[637,797,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Gnathopalystes</emphasis>
|
||
Rainbow, 1899
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="L. Koch, 1875" authorityName="L. Koch" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Prychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[994,1076,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Prychia</emphasis>
|
||
L. Koch, 1875
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1880" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[326,571,1645,1671]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Tychicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[326,416,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Tychicus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in some African, European and Asian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1903" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" box="[140,423,167,193]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Eusparassus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,264,167,192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Eusparassus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon" box="[272,423,167,193]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="669 - 1080" refId="ref15638" refString="Simon E. (1903 a). Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris 2: 669 - 1080." type="journal article" year="1903">Simon, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in the South American genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Karsch, 1880" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1880" box="[829,1108,167,193]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Adcatomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[829,947,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Adcatomus</emphasis>
|
||
Karsch, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[only females of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Simon, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[337,688,201,228]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Adcatomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavovittatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,505,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">A. flavovittatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Simon, 1897)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[713,843,202,228]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref14899" refString="Jager P (1998) First results of a taxonomic revision of the SE Asian Sparassidae (Araneae). In: Selden PA (Ed) Proceedings of the 17 th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh, 1997. British Arachnological Society, Burnham Beeches, Bucks, 53 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1998">Jäger 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[859,920,202,228]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref14953" refString="Jager P (2001) Diversitat der Riesenkrabbenspinnen im Himalaya. Uber eine Radiation zwei- er Gattungen in den Schneetropen. (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 232: 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rheims CA" box="[936,1095,202,228]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="61 - 66" refId="ref15521" refString="Rheims CA (2008) On the neotropical genus Adcatomus Karsch (Araneae, Sparassidae). Zootaxa 1809: 61 - 66." type="journal article" year="2008">Rheims 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All these species have less than three promarginal teeth on the chelicerae and are not considered closely related to either
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[529,699,272,298]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[735,879,272,298]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[735,879,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Sparianthina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The character combination of denticles with three promarginal teeth is known from Asian, Australian, and African
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[279,453,343,369]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, it occurs in some representatives in East Africa and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[191,324,378,404]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[340,470,378,404]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="107 - 125" refId="ref15020" refString="Jager P (2004) A study of the character ' palpal claw' in the spider subfamily Heteropodinae (Araneae: Sparassidae). In: Logunov DV, Penney D (Eds) Proceedings of the 21 st European Colloquium of Arachnology, St. - Petersburg, 4 - 9 August 2003. KMK Scientifik Press, Moscow, 107 - 125." type="book chapter" year="2004">Jäger 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1872" box="[638,765,378,404]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sparassidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
exist with denticles and three retromarginal teeth in combination with different character states in eye arrangement and female palpal claw,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[414,558,448,474]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[414,558,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Sparianthina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not included in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[778,952,448,474]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. An extended systematic grouping (“
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[393,567,483,509]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. l.”) may include
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[791,961,483,509]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteropodinae">Heteropodinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager" box="[140,264,519,545]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="53 - 59" refId="ref14899" refString="Jager P (1998) First results of a taxonomic revision of the SE Asian Sparassidae (Araneae). In: Selden PA (Ed) Proceedings of the 17 th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh, 1997. British Arachnological Society, Burnham Beeches, Bucks, 53 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1998">Jäger 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager P" box="[277,340,519,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="33 - 61" refId="ref14991" refString="Jager P (2002) Heteropodinae: transfers and synonymies (Arachnida: Araneae: Sparassidae). Acta Arachnologica 51 (1): 33 - 61." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), East African, Madagascan (key in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jager and Kunz" box="[746,1049,518,545]" firstAuthor="Jager" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="163 - 213" refId="ref15125" refString="Jager P, Kunz D (2005) An illustrated key to genera of African huntsman spiders (Arachnida, Araneae, Sparassidae). Senckenbergiana biologica 85 (2): 163 - 213." type="journal article" year="2005">Jäger and Kunz 2005: 166</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lessert, 1921" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1921" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Berlandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Berlandia</emphasis>
|
||
Lessert, 1921
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, species group near “
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[626,733,554,580]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Rhitymna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[626,733,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Rhitymna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis box="[755,830,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">saccata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jarvi" box="[840,969,554,580]" firstAuthor="Jarvi" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="118 - 235" refId="ref15253" refString="Jarvi TH (1914) Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. Eine morphologische, systematische und zoogeographische Studie uber eine Spinnenfamilie. II. Spezieller Teil. Annales Academiae scientiarum Fennica (Ser. A) 4 (1): 118 - 235." type="journal article" year="1914">Järvi, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and South American (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[266,410,589,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparianthina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[266,410,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Sparianthina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1880" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[424,655,589,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sadala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[424,498,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Sadala</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1903" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" box="[668,966,589,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Anaptomecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[668,810,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Anaptomecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon" box="[817,966,589,615]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="669 - 1080" refId="ref15638" refString="Simon E. (1903 a). Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris 2: 669 - 1080." type="journal article" year="1903">Simon, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |