348 lines
51 KiB
XML
348 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="064160B6D290822A4DA330E46E14134B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4214.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37279" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4214.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49582659-158e-463e-9f56-6bf6ae3d634b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="253086" ID-ZooBank="9FAD41E4-36F3-4AE0-B626-6A372E894A59" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484876134579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Portman, Zachary M., Neff, John L. & Griswold, Terry" docDate="2016" docId="03DA51566E47380DFF43FB4CFE9A6E09" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4214.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4214 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Perdita titania Portman & Griswold, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="FFE3292E6E0A3842FFD4FFE8FFC56914" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Perdita subgenus Heteroperdita Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), with descriptions of two ant-like males" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1698435895212" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="ECABA4C58AFE045A90CD6DFEE85FDFFE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="199892924BE80242B21302A88E690981">
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<mods:title id="069DEB094117A3CD76B5ED6ABF918DFE">Taxonomic revision of Perdita subgenus Heteroperdita Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), with descriptions of two ant-like males</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0A789F1611D74F3E8E838079F01638B6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AABFFB2FE7F1166039277C4210C04178">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FDBE0C0DD153EF1D184FA085FFDD84A1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CFE910048A2ADF16673FF612EB5C1ADF">Portman, Zachary M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7CADEFE3F37ADB1890B16E98E648053F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EE77894238669C87A3F7FB3355E8F72C">
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<mods:roleTerm id="06340BAAEAB918147AD4E5AA453C0562">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BEB6C9072D689261797B0B701FA72618">Neff, John L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BCB4A1455A178865B2A494EFCDF8FBCA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A04EA0056CD5C2AFE1B8E6ACB3295967">
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<mods:roleTerm id="59537AD5E7A8F3E11D65D54990774BDE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F3B15D5BCD9033FB5D3B9874EABF3A41">Griswold, Terry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CDC8D84ECB1E8350ED0E94412533DAF3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="3DB6384969842C26AF68F960124FC725">
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<mods:title id="B44D0103669010C6A642826B2E2230FE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="388131048F17C99BA1ED6B100D24CCCC">
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<mods:date id="BB82E48A414C8E985F44B1A883DA079A">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5CADCE9B1849E00B0375B7E0F9352779" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C97612841886881A2415396757A0127B">4214</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CDC22B6D1AE347B95C9B6949C57DFB94" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0CA4E00B9C91C53CB64DCAAD2D749309">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1F4405B29BC33C988ACA45ADD37D39E8">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CAB0E59441FE8AE702E440E980D30B73">97</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="FAD5754D5A4FBF5B80627E0F5FBC32E4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D2C62DA03904E581108C71A6CCBE0E9B" type="CLB-Dataset">37279</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="25AB7B78DDCCBA0AECDDD21C37973EEE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4214.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DD9FA298B1C0884AF711B3AD1202F934" type="GBIF-Dataset">49582659-158e-463e-9f56-6bf6ae3d634b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A38881C35D56E714193139F262578930" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DA51566E47380DFF43FB4CFE9A6E09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6066814" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127616074" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6066814" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E47380DFF43FB4CFE9A6E09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA51566E47380DFF43FB4CFE9A6E09" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E47380FFF43FB4CFD956DCB" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380FFF43FB4CFD606DAA" blockId="77.[151,677,1188,1247]" box="[151,677,1188,1214]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D084572C6E47380FFF43FB4CFD606DAA" bold="true" box="[151,677,1188,1214]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF43FB4CFD606DAA" bold="true" box="[151,677,1188,1214]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E47380FFF43FB4CFD906DAA" ID-CoL="6V3BZ" authority="Portman & Griswold" authorityName="Portman & Griswold" box="[151,597,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF43FB4CFE816DAA" bold="true" box="[151,324,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Perdita titania</emphasis>
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Portman & Griswold
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23481296E47380FFDB7FB4CFD606DAA" box="[611,677,1188,1214]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380FFF43FB2EFD956DCB" blockId="77.[151,677,1188,1247]" box="[151,592,1222,1247]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFF43FB2EFF276DCB" box="[151,226,1222,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Spotted male metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (paratype, UCRC 166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (Paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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F, 7F, 8F, 9G, 23Q, 24S, 50, 51A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E47380FFF43FAE4FC246CC3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380FFF43FAE4FC246CC3" blockId="77.[151,1437,1292,2037]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF43FAE4FED46C37" bold="true" box="[151,273,1292,1317]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E47380FFE1AFAE5FDFC6C30" box="[462,569,1293,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFE1AFAE5FDFC6C30" box="[462,569,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">P. titania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have the metasoma yellow with dark spots (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFB8DFAE4FB696C31" box="[1113,1196,1292,1317]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Spotted male metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (paratype, UCRC 166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (Paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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F, 7F). They can be recognized by the unique color pattern on the propodeum, which is mostly yellow with the dark maculations limited to a distinctive V- or Y-shape (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFD91FABCFD4D6C78" box="[581,648,1364,1389]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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F). In addition, both sexes have the scutellum dark. The female can be further recognized by the scutum with margins yellow and the pygidial plate narrowly triangular with the apex sharply pointed (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFE8CFA74FE6A6CA0" box="[344,431,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Female pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 289244; Clark Co., NV). (B) P. bellula (103744; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813873; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. desdemona (holotype, BBSL 289742; San Bernardino Co., CA). (E) P. exusta (paratype, 141946; Clark Co., NV). (F) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844647; Culberson Co., TX). (H) P. hooki (paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (I) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (J) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (K) P. optiva (BBSL 284974; Clark Co., NV). (L) P. pilonotata (neotype, UCRC 182770; Otero Co., NM). (M) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 319169; Clark Co., NV). (N) P. rhodogastra, pointed (FDP 102612; Maricopa Co., AZ). (O) P. rhodogastra, rounded (BBSL 271674; Clark Co., NV). (P) P. scutellaris (BBSL 904845; Imperial Co., CA). (Q) P. sexfasciata (BBSL 295303; Clark Co., NV). (R) P. sycorax (paratype, 37238; Emery Co., UT). (S) P. titania (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (T) P. trifasciata (FDP 75046; Brewster Co., TX). (U) P. vesca (BBSL 339200; Nye Co., NV). (V) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (W) P. yanegai (UCRC 221828; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253110/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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S). The male can be further recognized by having the head broader than long (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFAECFA74FAB96CA0" box="[1336,1404,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Spotted male faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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F), eyes slightly enlarged, and the terga with relatively large, round dark spots.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E47380DFF13FA0CFD2D6DAD" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380FFF13FA0CFC7F6CE8" blockId="77.[151,1437,1292,2037]" box="[199,954,1508,1533]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF13FA0CFE086CE9" bold="true" box="[199,461,1508,1533]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Description of female.</emphasis>
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Length:
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<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E47380FFDE6FA0CFD4E6CE8" box="[562,651,1508,1533]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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. Forewing length:
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<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E47380FFC89FA0CFC736CE8" box="[861,950,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380FFF13F9EFFA586EB9" blockId="77.[151,1437,1292,2037]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF13F9EFFE8F6F34" box="[199,330,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Coloration.</emphasis>
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Head (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFE77F9EFFE2F6F34" box="[419,490,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1429,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Spotted female faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813437; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis with light marks on frons (BBSL 813822; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. frontalis without light marks on frons (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (E) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (F) P. sycorax (paratype, 37239; Emery Co., UT). (G) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842199; San Bernardino Co., CA). (I) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). All scales bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253095/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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G) and mesosoma base color black with metallic greenish-bronze luster; clypeus white, faintly yellowish sublaterally; supraclypeal mark white, large, broadly transverse; paraocular mark white, transverse to triangular, not reaching above level of summit of clypeus except a thin line reaching 1/2 to 3/4 up eye; mandible white, tip reddish; labrum white with basomedial dark spot; scape yellowish-white; antenna yellowishwhite, more or less marked with brown dorsally; pronotal collar and pronotal lobe yellow; scutum with thin yellow margin laterally; axilla yellow posteriorly; metapleuron and anterior propodeum yellow (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFB4EF954FB2A6FC1" box="[1178,1263,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@78.[151,1436,553,1027]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 50. Perdita titania (A) female lateral habitus (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253136/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
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A); propodeum yellow except greenish-bronze V- or Y-shaped mark on posterior face; ventral surface of mesepisternum yellowishwhite along posterior margin; legs yellow except more or less brown on small apicodorsal spot on hind femur, medial hind tibia, and distal hind tarsi; wing veins transparent tan; metasoma white or yellowish-white with multiple dark brown spots (
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<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFE00F8A4FDDC6E70" box="[468,537,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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F); T1 with pair of sublateral spots on anterior and posterior face; T2–T5 with five spots: one more or less triangular medial mark, two small baso-lateral spots (spots on T2 more transverse), and two large, prominent apico-sublateral spots; T2 fovea dark brown; pygidial plate transparent white with reddish tip.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E47380CFF13F851FD1F68E0" blockId="77.[151,1437,1292,2037]" lastBlockId="78.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B9073C526E47380FFF13F851FE086EC4" box="[199,461,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Structure and vestiture.</emphasis>
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Head slightly broader than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E47380FFC9CF850FC4E6EC4" box="[840,907,1976,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1429,1451]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,445,1408]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Spotted female faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813437; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis with light marks on frons (BBSL 813822; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. frontalis without light marks on frons (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (E) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (F) P. sycorax (paratype, 37239; Emery Co., UT). (G) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842199; San Bernardino Co., CA). (I) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). All scales bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253095/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
G; face, except for clypeus, lower supraclypeal area, and frons covered by dense recumbent white pubescence; eyes subparallel, slightly converging ventrally; facial fovea diverging dorsally, narrowly oval, extending from top of antennal socket 3/4 distance to apex of eye, generally more or less obscured by pubescence; mandible simple; labrum quadrate, 1.5X broader than long; disc of clypeus broader than high, convex, barely protruding apically from face; lateral extension reaching base of mandible; venter of head with abundant inward-facing broadly hooked hairs; mesosoma strongly tessellate, impunctate, slightly shiny; pronotal collar slightly impressed, humeral angle weak; mesepisternum and scutum mostly covered by combination of recumbent and erect white pubescence; fore coxa with abundant, broadly hooked hairs; apex of mid tibia with some short, thick, curved setae; forewing with second medial cell present; metasoma oval, slightly widened basally, tapering apically, widest at T3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFC04FE7CFBD168B8" box="[976,1044,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F); terga tessellate and impunctate; T2 fovea linear, slightly thickened, 1/2 length of T2; pygidial plate very narrowly triangular, apex sharply pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFF4BFE34FF3168E0" box="[159,244,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1707,1729]" captionTargetBox="[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[282,1289,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Female pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 289244; Clark Co., NV). (B) P. bellula (103744; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (BBSL 813873; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. desdemona (holotype, BBSL 289742; San Bernardino Co., CA). (E) P. exusta (paratype, 141946; Clark Co., NV). (F) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844647; Culberson Co., TX). (H) P. hooki (paratype, 141840; Terrell Co., TX). (I) P. maculosa (UCRC 179125; Riverside Co., CA). (J) P. nuttalliae (142005; Box Elder Co., UT). (K) P. optiva (BBSL 284974; Clark Co., NV). (L) P. pilonotata (neotype, UCRC 182770; Otero Co., NM). (M) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 319169; Clark Co., NV). (N) P. rhodogastra, pointed (FDP 102612; Maricopa Co., AZ). (O) P. rhodogastra, rounded (BBSL 271674; Clark Co., NV). (P) P. scutellaris (BBSL 904845; Imperial Co., CA). (Q) P. sexfasciata (BBSL 295303; Clark Co., NV). (R) P. sycorax (paratype, 37238; Emery Co., UT). (S) P. titania (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA). (T) P. trifasciata (FDP 75046; Brewster Co., TX). (U) P. vesca (BBSL 339200; Nye Co., NV). (V) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (W) P. yanegai (UCRC 221828; San Bernardino Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253110/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
S); hairs of prepygidial fimbria thin, sparse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E44380CFF43FBF0FCBC6D58" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253136/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" targetBox="[151,1436,553,1027]" targetPageId="78">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF43FBF0FCBC6D58" blockId="78.[151,1435,1048,1100]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF43FBF0FEE46D39" bold="true" box="[151,289,1048,1070]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 50.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFEFEFBF0FE7A6D3A" box="[298,447,1048,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFEFEFBF0FE7A6D3A" box="[298,447,1048,1070]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Perdita titania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A) female lateral habitus (holotype, BBSL326372; San Bernardino Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (paratype, UCRC166000; Imperial Co., CA). Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13FB9CFC616D98" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" box="[199,932,1140,1165]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF13FB9CFE726D99" bold="true" box="[199,439,1140,1165]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Description of male.</emphasis>
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E44380CFDC8FB9DFDB06D98" box="[540,629,1141,1165]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Forewing length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E44380CFC93FB9DFC656D98" box="[839,928,1141,1165]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13FB71FE6A6DC1" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Note: the lone male specimen has been reddened by cyanide. As a result, the exact color of the light maculations are inferred.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13FB08FCBE6F29" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF13FB08FE8F6DED" box="[199,330,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFE49FB08FE256DEC" box="[413,480,1248,1273]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Spotted male faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
F) and mesosoma base color black with metallic greenish luster; clypeus yellowishwhite; supraclypeal mark yellow, large, slightly broader than long; paraocular mark yellow, subtriangular, reaching level of summit of clypeus, extending up along eye in thin line to level of antennal socket; mandible white, tip reddish; labrum white; scape yellow, brownish anteriorly; antenna yellow, slightly brownish dorsally and apically; pronotal collar and pronotal lobe yellow; metapleuron and anterior propodeum yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFB4DFA98FB376C9D" box="[1177,1266,1392,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@78.[151,1436,553,1027]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 50. Perdita titania (A) female lateral habitus (holotype, BBSL 326372; San Bernardino Co., CA), (B) male lateral habitus (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253136/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
B); propodeum yellow except metallic green Y-mark on posterior face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFCD6FA7CFC806CB9" box="[770,837,1428,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F); legs yellow; wing veins transparent tan; metasoma yellowish-white with multiple large dark brown spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFCDAFA50FC966CC5" box="[782,851,1464,1489]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[169,1405,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Spotted male metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (paratype, UCRC 166022; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813851; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (Paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253092/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
F); T1 with pair of sublateral spots on anterior and posterior face; T2–T6 with four or five spots: T2–T6 with small basomedial spot and two prominent apicosublateral spots, T2–T4 with pair of small baso-lateral spots (spots on T2 more transverse); T2 fovea dark brown, merging with baso-lateral spots; pygidial plate transparent yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13F9A1FAC96EB0" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF13F9A1FE156F74" box="[199,464,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Structure and vestiture.</emphasis>
|
||
Head oval, broader than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFCECF9A0FCB96F74" box="[824,892,1608,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1176,1198]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1155]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Spotted male faces. (A) Perdita arenaria (UCRC 166001; Baja California, MEX). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813803; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 277846; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816134; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, 37234; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 842195; San Bernardino Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (paratype, UCRC 166011; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253094/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
F); face, except for clypeus, lower supraclypeal area, and frons covered by dense recumbent white pubescence; eyes slightly converging ventrally, relatively large; mandible simple, extending to far side of labrum in repose; labrum quadrate, 1.5X broader than long; disc of clypeus broader than high, convex, apically protruding less than 1 OD from face; lateral extension reaching base of mandible; head with moderately dense pubescence ventrally; mesosoma strongly tessellate, impunctate, slightly shiny; pronotal collar slightly impressed, humeral angle weak; mesepisternum and scutum densely covered by combination of recumbent and erect white pubescence; hind tibia with sparse, short, slightly thickened hairs; metasoma equal in width to mesosoma, suboval, wide basally, tapering apically, widest at T3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFB27F8ACFAFF6E49" box="[1267,1338,1860,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1873,1895]" captionTargetBox="[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[177,1413,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spotted female metasomas. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 813432; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. frontalis (BBSL 813797; Imperial Co., CA). (C) P. maculosa (BBSL 638406; Clark Co., NV). (D) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816167; Harney Co., OR). (E) P. sycorax (paratype, BBSL 389685; Emery Co., UT). (F) P. titania (paratype, BBSL 342256; San Bernardino Co., CA). (G) P. wasbaueri (141836; Imperial Co., CA). (H) P. yanegai (BBSL 282782; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. bellula with distinct spots (FDP 161540; Riverside Co., CA). All scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253093/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F); terga tessellate and impunctate; T2 fovea narrowly oval, 1/3 length of T2; pygidial plate large, broadly triangular, apex slightly extended into narrow point (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E44380CFDE4F864FD476EB1" box="[560,642,1932,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1645,1667]" captionTargetBox="[300,1275,185,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[300,1275,185,1621]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 23. Male pygidial plates. (A) Perdita arenaria (BBSL 814703; Imperial Co., CA). (B) P. bellula (103717; San Bernardino Co., CA). (C) P. coldeniae (UCRC 277998; Imperial Co., CA). (D) P. exusta (141888; Clark Co., NV). (E) P. frontalis (BBSL 989204; Imperial Co., CA). (F) P. hippolyta (paratype, BBSL 844677; Culberson Co., TX). (G) P. hooki (note: the pygidial plate is from a dissected specimen and the lateral edges have been artificially enhanced to give a better idea of the lateral edges, paratype, BBSL 852902; Coahuila de Zaragoza, MEX). (H) P. maculosa (BBSL 668379; Clark Co., NV). (I) P. nuttalliae (paratype, BBSL 816190; Harney Co., OR). (J) P. optiva (BBSL 813428; Imperial Co., CA). (K) P. pilonotata (CAVE 17654; Eddy Co., NM). (L) P. prodigiosa (paratype, BBSL 344085; Clark Co., NV). (M) P. rhodogastra (UCRC 277717; Yuma Co., AZ). (N) P. scutellaris (DEVA 55305; San Bernardino Co., CA). (O) P. sexfasciata (141736; San Bernardino Co., CA). (P) P. sycorax (note: the picture is taken at an angle but it still accurately represents the shape the pygidial plate, paratype, 37225; Emery Co., UT). (Q) P. titania (pygidial plate is artificially outlined for better visibility, paratype, UCRC 166000; Imperial Co., CA). (R) P. trifasciata (141767; Chihuahua, MEX). (S) P. vesca (BBSL 816156; Harney Co., OR). (T) P. wasbaueri (BBSL 904842; Imperial Co., CA). (U) P. yanegai (UCRC 50407; Riverside Co., CA). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. All images are at the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253109/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
Q); hairs of prepygidial fimbria slightly thickened, sparse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13F858FE286EDD" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" box="[199,493,1968,1993]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF13F858FE8D6EDD" box="[199,328,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFF13F858FE806EDD" box="[199,325,1968,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Terminalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Not available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E44380CFF13F83CFACD6EF8" blockId="78.[151,1437,1140,2029]" box="[199,1288,2004,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFF13F83CFDE56EF9" bold="true" box="[199,544,2004,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Floral records.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFEAAF83CFDE56EF9" box="[382,544,2004,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1 ♂):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFDA7F83CFD0F6EF9" box="[627,714,2004,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFDA7F83CFD0F6EF9" box="[627,714,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Tiquilia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 1 ♂,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFCE4F83CFC6E6EF9" box="[816,939,2004,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFCE4F83CFC6E6EF9" bold="true" box="[816,939,2004,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Loasaceae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 ♀):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E44380CFC29F83CFB156EF9" box="[1021,1232,2004,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Petalonyx" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thurberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E44380CFC29F83CFB156EF9" box="[1021,1232,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Petalonyx thurberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1 ♀.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0CB0C86E45380DFF43FBB5FBF66D67" box="[151,1075,1117,1140]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253137/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" targetBox="[155,1441,211,1094]" targetPageId="79">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF43FBB5FBF66D67" blockId="79.[151,1075,1117,1140]" box="[151,1075,1117,1140]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF43FBB5FEDA6D67" bold="true" box="[151,287,1117,1139]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of (A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFE3FFBB5FDBB6D60" box="[491,638,1117,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFE3FFBB5FDBB6D60" box="[491,638,1117,1140]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Perdita titania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFD0CFBB7FC9F6D67" box="[728,858,1117,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wasbaueri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFD0CFBB7FC9F6D67" box="[728,858,1117,1140]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. wasbaueri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 100 km.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF13FB48FD2D6DAD" blockId="79.[151,1437,1184,1821]" box="[199,744,1184,1209]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF13FB48FE8C6DAC" bold="true" box="[199,329,1184,1209]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
Known activity from March to May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E45380DFF13FB2CFD046C14" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF13FB2CFD046C14" blockId="79.[151,1437,1184,1821]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF13FB2CFEA56DC9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1220,1245]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Mojave and Sonoran Deserts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1348FCC56E45380DFD11FB2CFCDD6DC9" box="[709,792,1220,1245]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1117,1139]" captionTargetBox="[155,1441,211,1094]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[155,1441,211,1094]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 51. Distribution of (A) Perdita titania and (B) P. wasbaueri. Scale bar = 100 km." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253137/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
A),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E45380DFC91FB2DFCB86DC9" box="[837,893,1221,1245]" name="United States of America" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(and likely
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E45380DFBDEFB2CFBA06DC9" box="[1034,1125,1220,1245]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F364A0D06E45380DFBDEFB2CFBA06DC9" box="[1034,1125,1220,1245]" name="Mexico" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Dune specialist, currently known only from the Ibex and Algodones Dunes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E45380DFF13FAE4FE626CCD" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF13FAE4FE626CCD" blockId="79.[151,1437,1184,1821]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E45380DFF13FAE4FBA96C5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219816" collectingDate="1999-05-04" collectionCode="BBSL" collectorName="Ibex Dunes, W & R. Andrus" county="San Bernardino Co." location="San Bernardino Co." pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCode="BBSL326372" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF13FAE4FEB36C30" bold="true" box="[199,374,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E45380DFF13FAE4FEC76C31" box="[199,258,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E45380DFEAAFAE4FE236C31" box="[382,486,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
data:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFDFAFAE5FD866C30" box="[558,579,1293,1316]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFD86FAE4FBD66C31" bold="true" box="[594,1043,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E45380DFD86FAE4FCCE6C31" box="[594,779,1292,1317]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E45380DFCCCFAE4FBC86C31" box="[792,1037,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">San Bernardino Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFBCFFAE4FB026C30" box="[1051,1223,1292,1317]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ibex Dunes, W</collectorName>
|
||
margin (35.6946 - 116.3715):
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E45380DFECEFAD9FE6F6C5D" box="[282,426,1329,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-05-04">
|
||
<date id="FFCDC6806E45380DFECEFAD9FE6F6C5D" box="[282,426,1329,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-05-04">4 May 1999</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFE6CFAD9FDF56C5D" box="[440,560,1328,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">R. Andrus</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFDEBFAD9FD7C6C5D" box="[575,697,1328,1353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Petalonyx" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thurberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFDEBFAD9FD7C6C5D" box="[575,697,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. thurberi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6278856E45380DFD1FFAD9FCD06C5D" box="[715,789,1329,1353]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q49p-qw3v" name="USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Pollinating Insects-- Biology, Management and Systematics Research" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">BBSL</collectionCode>
|
||
, accession no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD5483B6E45380DFC11FAD8FBA16C5D" box="[965,1124,1328,1353]" collectionCode="BBSL" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q49p-qw3v" name="USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Pollinating Insects-- Biology, Management and Systematics Research" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6278856E45380DFC11FAD8FBC96C5D" box="[965,1036,1328,1353]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q49p-qw3v" name="USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Pollinating Insects-- Biology, Management and Systematics Research" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">BBSL</collectionCode>
|
||
326372
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E45380DFBADFAD9FD586CA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219812" collectingDate="1965-04-25" collectingDateMax="1999-03-16" collectingDateMin="1965-04-25" collectionCode="UCRC" collectorName="M. E. Irwin & M. Hauser & K. C. Holston & S. L. Winterton & Algodones Dunes & Glamis" county="Imperial Co." location="Algodones Dunes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C85EE26E45380DFBADFAD9FB1E6C5D" box="[1145,1243,1329,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
data: (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFAE4FAD9FA9E6C5C" box="[1328,1371,1329,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFAB2FAD9FA556C5D" box="[1382,1424,1329,1353]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF43FABCFDC66C79" bold="true" box="[151,515,1364,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B72EA26E45380DFF43FABCFE956C79" box="[151,336,1364,1389]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E45380DFE8AFABCFE386C79" box="[350,509,1364,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Imperial Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EACB69B6E45380DFDD8FABCFD1E6C78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA51566E47380DFF43FB4CFE9A6E09:8EACB69B6E45380DFDD8FABCFD1E6C78" box="[524,731,1364,1389]" county="Imperial Co." name="Algodones Dunes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA">Algodones Dunes</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A7EF9626E45380DFD3CFABDFC656C79" box="[744,928,1364,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E45380DFD3CFABDFCE16C79" box="[744,804,1364,1389]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
W Ogilby
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
(32.95837 -115.08413):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFB15FABDFB2B6C78" box="[1217,1262,1365,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E45380DFB2AFABCFA5D6C79" box="[1278,1432,1364,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-03-16">
|
||
<date id="FFCDC6806E45380DFB2AFABCFA5D6C79" box="[1278,1432,1364,1389]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-03-16">16 Mar 1999</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFF43FA91FED06C85" box="[151,277,1400,1425]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">M.E. Irwin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFEF6FA91FE5F6C84" box="[290,410,1401,1424]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">M. Hauser</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFE72FA91FDFB6C85" box="[422,574,1400,1425]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">K.C. Holston</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFD9DFA91FD316C85" box="[585,756,1400,1425]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S.L. Winterton</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFD2BFA90FC0E6C84" box="[767,971,1400,1425]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Algodones Dunes</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFC03FA90FBEE6C85" box="[983,1067,1400,1425]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Glamis</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B4DA56E45380DFBE3FA91FBAF6C85" box="[1079,1130,1400,1425]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
|
||
W (32.99444 -115.08611):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFF43FA75FF066CA0" box="[151,195,1437,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E45380DFF04FA74FEA56CA1" box="[208,352,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1965-04-25">
|
||
<date id="FFCDC6806E45380DFF04FA74FEA56CA1" box="[208,352,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1965-04-25">25 Apr 1965</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFEB9FA75FE296CA1" box="[365,492,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">M.E. Irwin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFE23FA76FDCE6CA1" box="[503,523,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6278856E45380DFD96FA75FD506CA1" box="[578,661,1437,1461]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m2jc-wmeq" name="University of California, Riverside" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">UCRC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1BEA1D6E45380DFD7DFA74FE626CCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1425219820" collectingDate="1999-05-04" collectorName="Ibex Dunes, S & R. Andrus." county="San Bernardino Co." location="San Bernardino Co." pageId="79" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="CALIFORNIA" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFD7DFA74FC676CA1" bold="true" box="[681,930,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AD98CC6E45380DFD7DFA74FC596CA1" box="[681,924,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">San Bernardino Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFC7DFA74FB8C6CA1" box="[937,1097,1436,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ibex Dunes, S</collectorName>
|
||
tip (35.6878 -116.3726):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D752BC96E45380DFABEFA75FA506CA0" box="[1386,1429,1437,1461]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF893F686E45380DFF43FA29FEE46CCD" box="[151,289,1473,1497]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-05-04">
|
||
<date id="FFCDC6806E45380DFF43FA29FEE46CCD" box="[151,289,1473,1497]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1999-05-04">4 May 1999</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="268685966E45380DFEF8FA29FE626CCD" box="[300,423,1472,1497]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">R. Andrus.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E45380DFF13FA0CFB026F35" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF13FA0CFB026F35" blockId="79.[151,1437,1184,1821]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF13FA0CFE8B6CE9" bold="true" box="[199,334,1508,1533]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name comes from the fairy queen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFCD6FA0CFC956CE9" box="[770,848,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">Titania</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Shakespeare’s play
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFB9BFA0DFA516CE9" box="[1103,1428,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A Midsummer Night’s Dream</emphasis>
|
||
. The name was chosen due to the beauty and rarity of this species. Treat as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369B3CB6E45380DFF13F9C4FE9A6E09" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCCE0406E45380DFF13F9C4FE9A6E09" blockId="79.[151,1437,1184,1821]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFF13F9C4FEFE6F50" bold="true" box="[199,315,1580,1605]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFE92F9C4FE2B6F50" box="[326,494,1580,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Perdita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titania">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFE92F9C4FE2B6F50" box="[326,494,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Perdita titania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the rarest
|
||
<emphasis id="B9073C526E45380DFD33F9C4FC466F51" box="[743,899,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Heteroperdita</emphasis>
|
||
, known from only four specimens and likely limited to dune habitats. Of the four known specimens, two are from the Ibex Dunes and two from the Algodones Dunes, including the single male. The strongly disjunct range is unusual, and may be the result of rarity or incomplete sampling. If this is the true distribution, it seems likely that these are genetically isolated populations. However, there are no apparent morphological differences between the females from the two locations. Additional material, particularly males from the Ibex Dunes, could be informative. Dissection of the male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C739BC36E45380DFB01F908FA826FED" box="[1237,1351,1760,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="79" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">terminalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
proved not to be feasible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |