382 lines
46 KiB
XML
382 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="2ADAEAFEEFBFECDCF1141F875A842C98" ID-CLB-Dataset="29979" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4426.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cdd567ed-ebd8-4801-a6a4-af6c9fb964fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1271239" ID-ZooBank="18929E20-5296-4458-8A8A-4F5316A290FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528147699440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M. & De, Nicole J." docDate="2018" docId="386CC616DC2DA552FF678EC5FAE2FCC4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4426.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4426 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Leucandra pilula Van & De 2018, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="100" masterDocId="C455BE6EDC72A531FFF0880AFFCEFF99" masterDocTitle="Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1698547079698" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="F4FD95BA63CF228409175EE932D59718" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="129E068332579C65707AAF4E54E5D240">
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<mods:title id="32BC05D81092157DCB3F2CFD8289CF7D">Calcareous sponges of the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8980E0B231F235854F8316106A029E1C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AF1FAFECA280E15C2D83ABAA8556406A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="216CCC3FBC9614854EB5003F57AF0EFD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8AA7ED499599EDEDCF3C755BA61A856A">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="DB941C343ABDEE5CF439B9BDDA3AAC0E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="59E954E2FC06035868D9AEC636D272A2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FF8A6AC0D102DD623B10BA67E74037C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EA3E88A717F13CB86859B1353C3869B6">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="26C56D638D64541ACA09B2469965A4F9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="81A6778AAD217EED0763466AA9D3E767">
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<mods:title id="89387DF0979570DD83E9FC95BBF5E546">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9AEC0C834822DDF59E24EF619497F84B">
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<mods:date id="A7FB6B22F368E16794B683249AFD615A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1E9421D9EEF51FCA4A29AA53C4CDA865" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="E71FF8D8642D69451237EC6F37AEB0A5">2018-06-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="693CF31C0869864EFFE26DCA659D1828" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D095E9BE87940CA60538DA40AAC9A997">4426</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E4F187FEFBAF5E85C4CA9311B516EF3C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0C3E8A6DE10C82312C188665269F069B">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="54B00D0A486174F48B98F310C12335BF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4426.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A98D3D4E960E310D6CC3902240294EF9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="386CC616DC2DA552FF678EC5FAE2FCC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5966738" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144239579" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5966738" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC2DA552FF678EC5FAE2FCC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/386CC616DC2DA552FF678EC5FAE2FCC4" lastPageId="99" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC2DA56EFF678EC5FEADF893" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC2DA56EFF678EC5FE0BF970" blockId="95.[151,453,1743,1802]" box="[151,453,1743,1769]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<heading id="EB32C06CDC2DA56EFF678EC5FE0BF970" bold="true" box="[151,453,1743,1769]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC2DA56EFF678EC5FE0BF970" bold="true" box="[151,453,1743,1769]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC2DA56EFF678EC5FEA6F970" ID-CoL="6Q44Z" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,360,1743,1769]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pilula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC2DA56EFF678EC5FEA6F970" bold="true" box="[151,360,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Leucandra pilula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC2DA56EFE9F8EC5FE0BF970" box="[367,453,1743,1769]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC2DA56EFF678EFBFEADF893" blockId="95.[151,453,1743,1802]" box="[151,355,1777,1802]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC2DA56EFF678EFBFEDBF893" box="[151,277,1777,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Figs 58a–g</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC2DA56EFED08EFBFEADF893" box="[288,355,1777,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">59a–e</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC2DA551FF678F33FA43FF4D" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B07A7700DC2DA56EFF678F33FB83F8EF" blockId="95.[151,1436,1849,2018]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<materialsCitation id="00AD7D5DDC2DA56EFF678F33FB87F8EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848256262" collectingDate="1992-12-20" collectionCode="ZMA, NIOP-E" collectorName="W. Kolvoort" country="Seychelles" elevation="13" latitude="-3.7167" location="Material" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="55.2167" municipality="Bird Island" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC2DA56EFF678F33FE4FF8CB" bold="true" box="[151,385,1849,1874]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<location id="B51A21DBDC2DA56EFF678F33FF31F8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:386CC616DC2DA552FF678EC5FAE2FCC4:B51A21DBDC2DA56EFF678F33FF31F8CB" box="[151,255,1849,1874]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-3.7167" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="55.2167" municipality="Bird Island" name="Material" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC2DA56EFE798F33FE3AF8CB" box="[393,500,1849,1874]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC2DA56EFDF08F30FDF0F8CB" box="[512,574,1850,1874]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">ZMA</collectionCode>
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||
Por. 10528,
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<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC2DA56EFD208F33FC85F8CB" box="[720,843,1849,1874]" name="Seychelles" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="501EED7ADC2DA56EFCA78F33FC16F8CB" box="[855,984,1849,1874]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Bird Island</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC2DA56EFC148F33FB82F8CB" box="[996,1100,1849,1874]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="5" value="-3.7167">3.7167°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC2DA56EFBA48F33FB00F8CB" box="[1108,1230,1849,1874]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="5" value="55.2167">55.2167°E</geoCoordinate>
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, coastal reef at
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<quantity id="773DDAE5DC2DA56EFA708F30FF63F8EC" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="13.0">
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<elevation id="3BE89033DC2DA56EFA708F30FF63F8EC" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
depth, scuba, coll.
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<collectorName id="1D3012D6DC2DA56EFE768F54FDDDF8EF" box="[390,531,1885,1910]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">W. Kolvoort</collectorName>
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||
, field nr.
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||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC2DA56EFD8D8F54FD17F8EF" box="[637,729,1886,1910]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">NIOP-E</collectionCode>
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||
stat. 717/34,
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||
<date id="C47B51C0DC2DA56EFC808F54FB87F8EF" box="[880,1097,1885,1910]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" value="1992-12-20">
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||
<collectingDate id="D43FA828DC2DA56EFC808F54FB87F8EF" box="[880,1097,1885,1910]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" value="1992-12-20">20 December 1992</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC2DA551FF378F88FA43FF4D" blockId="95.[151,1436,1849,2018]" lastBlockId="96.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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||
<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC2DA56EFF378F88FEF9F803" box="[199,311,1922,1946]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC2DA56EFEB48F88FE4CF803" box="[324,386,1922,1946]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">ZMA</collectionCode>
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||
Por. 10379a,
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<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC2DA56EFDD48F8BFD51F803" box="[548,671,1921,1946]" name="Seychelles" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC2DA56EFD5C8F8BFD21F803" box="[684,751,1921,1946]" name="India" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Mahé</collectingCountry>
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||
, E coast, N of Moyenne Island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC2DA56EFB958F8BFB03F803" box="[1125,1229,1921,1946]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="5" value="-4.6167">4.6167°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC2DA56EFB268F8BFA9FF803" box="[1238,1361,1921,1946]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="5" value="55.5167">55.5167°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, depth
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||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC2DA56EFF678FACFF11F824" box="[151,223,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="1.0">1–7 m</quantity>
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||
, reef, snorkeling, coll. R.W.M. van Soest, field nr.
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||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC2DA56EFCE28FACFCA0F827" box="[786,878,1958,1982]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">NIOP-E</collectionCode>
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||
stat. 606,
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||
<date id="C47B51C0DC2DA56EFC108FACFB79F827" box="[992,1207,1957,1982]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" value="1992-12-10">10 December 1992</date>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC2DA56EFB318FACFB31F827" box="[1217,1279,1958,1982]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">ZMA</collectionCode>
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||
Por. 10641 (
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<specimenCount id="A6C3BC89DC2DA56EFA7D8FACFEDEF87B" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC2DA56EFED28FC3FE53F87B" box="[290,413,1993,2018]" name="Seychelles" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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||
, Amirantes, St. François Atoll, Île Bijoutier, depth
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||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC2DA56EFC258FC0FBCFF878" box="[981,1025,1994,2018]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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||
, reef, scuba, coll. R.W.M. van Soest, field nr.
|
||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC12A551FF088892FE9AFF29" box="[248,340,152,176]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">NIOP-E</collectionCode>
|
||
stat. 792/21,
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC12A551FE00889DFD6FFF29" box="[496,673,151,176]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1993-01-06">6 January 1993</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC12A551FD5E8892FD22FF29" box="[686,748,152,176]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 11564,
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||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC12A551FC8E889DFC37FF29" box="[894,1017,151,176]" name="Seychelles" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Amirantes, N of Platte Island Atoll,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC12A551FF6788B6FF31FF4C" box="[151,255,188,213]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="5" value="-5.8167">5.8167°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D5F111C7DC12A551FEF588B6FE4EFF4C" box="[261,384,188,213]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="5" value="55.3667">55.3667°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC12A551FE2088B6FE33FF4D" box="[464,509,188,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
|
||
, reef, coll. R.W.M. van Soest, field nr.
|
||
<collectionCode id="D6D4EFC5DC12A551FC4288B6FBC0FF4D" box="[946,1038,188,212]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">NIOP-E</collectionCode>
|
||
stat. stat. 796/42,
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||
<date id="C47B51C0DC12A551FB2A88B7FA46FF4D" box="[1242,1416,188,213]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1993-01-07">7 January 1993</date>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC12A550FF3788D5FA9FF871" lastPageId="97" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF3788D5FC4AFED9" blockId="96.[151,1437,151,320]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF3788D5FE97FF61" bold="true" box="[199,345,223,248]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Small white or beige-white globules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FCE988D5FC53FF61" box="[793,925,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 58a–d</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a single apical oscule, flush with the surface, which is optically smooth but feels rough. Size of body up to
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC12A551FC4A890EFBC9FE85" box="[954,1031,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC12A551FBA1890EFB47FE85" box="[1105,1161,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; oscule
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC12A551FA82890EFF0DFEA6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. In preservation they stay white. Consistency firm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E4BA2788DC12A551FF678DF2FE6DF9D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271429/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" startId="96.[151,249,1528,1550]" targetBox="[151,1436,373,1506]" targetPageId="96">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF678DF2FE6DF9D2" blockId="96.[151,1436,1528,1611]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF678DF2FEEEF994" bold="true" box="[151,288,1528,1550]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC12A551FED68DF2FD53F997" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[294,669,1528,1550]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pulvinar">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FED68DF2FE3FF997" box="[294,497,1528,1550]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Leucandra pulvinar</emphasis>
|
||
(Haeckel, 1872)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZMA Por. 13423, from Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, SEM images of spicules, a, giant diactines, a1, detail of sharp end of giant diactine, b, trichoxea, b1, detail of same, c, cortical triactine, d, choanosomal triactine, e, atrial triactine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF378E78FDFFF912" blockId="96.[151,1437,1650,1963]" box="[199,561,1650,1675]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF378E78FE6AF912" bold="true" box="[199,420,1650,1675]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Aquiferous system</emphasis>
|
||
. Leuconoid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF378E9CFCA3F882" blockId="96.[151,1437,1650,1963]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF378E9CFEFBF936" bold="true" box="[199,309,1686,1711]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FEB38E9CFE0CF936" box="[323,450,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 58e–g</figureCitation>
|
||
) Cortical skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FD6F8E9CFD34F936" box="[671,762,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 58f</figureCitation>
|
||
) of intermediate sized triactines overlying a mass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FAC68E9CFA5AF936" box="[1334,1428,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 58e</figureCitation>
|
||
) of giant and smaller triactines forming the choanosomal skeleton supporting the leuconoid aquiferous canal system. The atrial skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FE898ED4FE17F96E" box="[377,473,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,193,1566]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 58. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC12A551FE5E8ED4FE17F96E" box="[430,473,1758,1783]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.8" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="g" value="58.0">58g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) consists of sagittal triactines and tetractines, the latter with apical actines protruding into the atrial lumen. The oscular rim is supported by trichoxeas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF378F2CFA95F8A6" blockId="96.[151,1437,1650,1963]" box="[199,1371,1830,1855]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF378F2CFEFEF8A6" bold="true" box="[199,304,1830,1855]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FECF8F2CFE75F8A6" box="[319,443,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 59a–e</figureCitation>
|
||
) Giant triactines, oxhorn-shaped triactines, small triactines, tetractines, trichoxeas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC12A551FF378F40FE9EF832" blockId="96.[151,1437,1650,1963]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
Giant triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC12A551FE608F40FE35F8FA" box="[400,507,1866,1891]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 59a</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the main body wall, actines straight, tapering gradually to sharp points, equiangular and equiradiate or more often sagittal or with all actines of different lengths, 312–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FAED8F64FA89F81E" box="[1309,1351,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">628</emphasis>
|
||
–985
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC12A551FA7D8F7AFF7FF832" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="1919-10">x 19</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC12A551FF318F99FF3CF833" box="[193,242,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">55.7</emphasis>
|
||
–93 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E4BA2788DC13A550FF678E3EFE34F91E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271433/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" startId="97.[151,249,1588,1610]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1566]" targetPageId="97">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC13A550FF678E3EFE34F91E" blockId="97.[151,1436,1588,1671]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FF678E3EFEECF9D0" bold="true" box="[151,290,1588,1610]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC13A550FEDC8E3EFE10F9D3" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[300,478,1588,1610]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pilula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FEDC8E3EFE10F9D3" box="[300,478,1588,1610]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Leucandra pilula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FE178E3EFDFCF9D0" bold="true" box="[487,562,1588,1609]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC13A550FE178E3EFDFCF9D0" box="[487,562,1588,1609]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, from the Seychelles, a–d, preserved habitus of holotype ZMA Por. 10528 (c) and paratypes ZMA Por. 10379, 11564 and 10641 (a,b and d), e–g, SEM images of the skeleton, e, cross section, f, view of surface skeleton, g, view of atrial skeleton.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC13A550FF378EA4FAF9F972" blockId="97.[151,1436,1710,2024]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
Oxhorn triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC13A550FE6B8EA4FDCEF95E" box="[411,512,1710,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Figs 59b</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the cortical skeleton, sagittal with curved paired actines and straight unpaired actines, unpaired actines 178–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FE188ED9FDDCF972" box="[488,530,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">245</emphasis>
|
||
–326
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FDA18ED9FD4EF972" box="[593,640,1746,1771]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" value="2015-10">x 15</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FD608ED9FD0FF972" box="[656,705,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">22.7</emphasis>
|
||
–31 µm, paired actines 216–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FBF08ED9FBE4F972" box="[1024,1066,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">281</emphasis>
|
||
–372
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FB988ED9FB56F972" box="[1128,1176,1746,1771]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" value="2016-10">x 16</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FB588ED8FB17F972" box="[1192,1241,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">21.6</emphasis>
|
||
–28 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC13A550FF378EFCFDCBF8C1" blockId="97.[151,1436,1710,2024]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
Small triactines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC13A550FE788EFCFE22F896" box="[392,492,1782,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Figs 59c</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the main body and the subatrial region, sometimes equiradiate equiangular but more often irregularly sagittal, or T-shaped, unpaired actines 94–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FC5B8F11FC1BF8AA" box="[939,981,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">172</emphasis>
|
||
–254
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FBEC8F11FB8BF8AA" box="[1052,1093,1819,1843]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">x 9</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FBA48F11FB4BF8AA" box="[1108,1157,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">17.8</emphasis>
|
||
–26 µm, paired actines 100–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FF3F8F34FF37F8CE" box="[207,249,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">186</emphasis>
|
||
–303
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FEC88F4AFEA8F8CE" box="[312,358,1855,1879]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" value="2011-10">x 11</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FE868F34FE69F8CE" box="[374,423,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">16.6</emphasis>
|
||
–29 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC13A550FF378F68FB13F85A" blockId="97.[151,1436,1710,2024]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
Tetractines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC13A550FEA18F68FE76F8E2" box="[337,440,1890,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Figs 59d</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the atrial skeleton, sagittal, usually with unpaired actine shorter than paired actines, which are usually straight, occasionally slightly curved, unpaired actines 101–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FBE28F8CFBF2F806" box="[1042,1084,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">186</emphasis>
|
||
–271
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FB8C8F82FB63F806" box="[1148,1197,1927,1951]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" value="2014-10">x 14</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FB4D8F8DFB20F806" box="[1213,1262,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">19.4</emphasis>
|
||
–32 µm, paired actines 136–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FED48FA1FE80F85A" box="[292,334,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">239</emphasis>
|
||
–380
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FE7D8FA1FE61F85A" box="[397,431,1963,1987]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">x 9</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FE4D8FA1FE20F85A" box="[445,494,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">17.1</emphasis>
|
||
–32 µm, apical actines slightly curved, 45–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FC218FA1FC23F85A" box="[977,1005,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">84</emphasis>
|
||
–130
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FBDC8FA1FB80F85A" box="[1068,1102,1963,1987]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">x 4</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC13A550FBAD8FA1FB4EF85A" box="[1117,1152,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">8.4</emphasis>
|
||
–11 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC13A550FF378FC4FA9FF871" blockId="97.[151,1436,1710,2024]" box="[199,1361,1998,2024]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
Trichoxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC13A550FEA28FC4FE7EF87E" box="[338,432,1998,2023]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 59. Leucandra pilula sp.nov., SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Fig. 59e</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the oscular region, not common, almost invariably broken, 100–300
|
||
<date id="C47B51C0DC13A550FB2D8FDAFAD2F87E" box="[1245,1308,1999,2023]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">x 1–2</date>
|
||
µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="E4BA2788DC10A553FF678FABFE1CF86D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271435/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" startId="98.[151,249,1953,1975]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1932]" targetPageId="98">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC10A553FF678FABFE1CF86D" blockId="98.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC10A553FF678FABFED3F82F" bold="true" box="[151,285,1953,1975]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 59</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC10A553FEC08FABFE2BF82E" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[304,485,1953,1975]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pilula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC10A553FEC08FABFE2BF82E" box="[304,485,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Leucandra pilula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC10A553FE018FA8FDF5F82E" bold="true" box="[497,571,1954,1975]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC10A553FE018FA8FDF5F82E" box="[497,571,1954,1975]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, SEM images of the spicules, a, giant triactines of the choanosome, b, cortical triactines, c, small triactines of the choanosome and subatrial region, d, tetractines of the atrial skeleton, e, fragment of trichoxea from the oscular rim.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC11A552FF37889DFF3DFF4D" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF37889DFF3DFF4D" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FF37889DFE35FF29" bold="true" box="[199,507,151,176]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C8D23790DC11A552FDF5889DFDB3FF29" box="[517,637,151,176]" name="Seychelles" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
only, but widespread throughout the archipelagoes, on reefs, depths
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC11A552FF6788B6FF21FF4D" box="[151,239,188,212]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="7.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="A6C3BC89DC11A552FF4288B6FF21FF4D" box="[178,239,188,212]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="generic">13 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC11A552FF3788D5FC75FF61" box="[199,955,223,248]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF3788D5FC75FF61" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" box="[199,955,223,248]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FF3788D5FE80FF61" bold="true" box="[199,334,223,248]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Pilula (L.) = small ball, a noun referring to the habitus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F8DF248BDC11A552FF37890EFAE2FCC4" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF37890EFAB7FE34" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FF37890EFEF5FE84" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,285]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The size of all specimens is uniformly
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC11A552FD05890EFC92FE85" box="[757,860,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and
|
||
<quantity id="773DDAE5DC11A552FC3C890EFBCDFE85" box="[972,1027,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, and thus it is likely that this feature is characteristic for the species. The shapes of the triactines and tetractines are somewhat variable among the
|
||
<specimenCount id="A6C3BC89DC11A552FEE58946FE51FEFC" box="[277,415,332,357]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
obtained of this species, but invariably there are giant triactines, smaller cortical triactines and smaller subatrial triactines. The atrial tetractines vary in the length of the paired actines, within and among specimens. However, the overall spicule package is similar in all and the lack of giant diactines is shared by all.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF3789BDFBE5FD81" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
Similar-sized specimens were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC11A552FD4C89BDFC97FE49" box="[700,857,439,464]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refId="ref67048" refString="Jenkin, C. F. (1908) The marine fauna of Zanzibar and British East Africa, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., in the years 1901 & 1902. The Calcareous Sponges. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1908, 434 - 456. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 99643 # page / 46 / mode / 1 up (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="proceedings paper">Jenkin (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Zanzibar under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FB3889BDFE83FE6D" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ananas">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FB3889BDFA52FE49" box="[1224,1436,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Leucandra ananas</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC11A552FF6E89D6FE88FE6D" box="[158,326,476,501]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refId="ref66738" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vol. 1 - 3. G. Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp., 418 pp. & 60 pls. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 44605 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up (accessed 13 March 2018)" type="book chapter">Haeckel, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species from the Northern Atlantic. This differs cleary by having tufts of large diactines of up to 3000 µm in length projecting from the surface. It is likely an undescribed species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF378A2FFBD8FDF9" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
By the lack of diactines this species stands out among all known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FC338A2EFBF3FDA4" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[963,1085,548,573]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FC338A2EFBF3FDA4" box="[963,1085,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Leucandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species of the Western Indian Ocean region (but see below). There are no matching descriptions in the region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B07A7700DC11A552FF378A67FAE2FCC4" blockId="99.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
We obtained a 28S sequence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6F7EC9A2DC11A552FD968A66FD06FD1C" box="[614,712,620,645]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of our new species and compared these to the sequences from GenBank of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FEC48A85FC92FD31" authority="Worheide & Hooper, 2003" authorityName="Worheide & Hooper" authorityYear="2003" box="[308,860,655,680]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nicolae">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FEC48A85FDC0FD31" box="[308,526,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Leucandra nicolae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC11A552FDEC8A85FC92FD31" box="[540,860,655,680]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refId="ref70565" refString="Worheide, G. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2003) New species of Calcaronea (Porifera: Calcarea) from cryptic habitats of the southern Great Barrier Reef (Heron Island and Wistari Reef, Capricorn-Bunker Group, Australia). Journal of Natural History, 37, 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 713834391" type="journal article">Wörheide & Hooper, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FBAD8A9BFAF5FD31" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[1117,1339,655,680]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mozambiquensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FBAD8A9BFAF5FD31" box="[1117,1339,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">L. mozambiquensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FAB98A85FA52FD31" bold="true" box="[1353,1436,655,680]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC11A552FAB98A85FA52FD31" box="[1353,1436,655,680]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described below. There are no other partial 28SrRNA sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FC4A8ABEFBFDFD54" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[954,1075,692,717]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FC4A8ABEFBFDFD54" box="[954,1075,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Leucandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available from the region and moreover the genus has been shown to be non-monophyletic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4540AF1DC11A552FCBA8ADDFB8BFD69" box="[842,1093,727,752]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refId="ref66179" refString="Dohrmann, M., Voigt, O., Erpenbeck, D. & Worheide, G. (2006) Non-monophyly of most supraspecific taxa of calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) revealed by increased taxon sampling and partitioned Bayesian analysis of ribosomal DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 40, 830 - 843. Available from: http: // www. sciencedirect. com / science / article / pii / S 1055790306001552 (accessed 21 January 2018)" type="journal article">
|
||
Dohrmann
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FC3A8AD3FBCCFD69" box="[970,1026,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In our Calcaronea phylogeny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="28FE6B85DC11A552FF6F8AF6FF2CFC8D" box="[159,226,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[219,1259,212,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum-likelihood tree based on analysis of sequences of the partial 28S gene (C2–D2 region, comprising 461 sites) of Western Indian Ocean Calcaronea newly generated by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and sequences additionally obtained from GenBank, the Sponge Barcode Project and from Oliver Voigt (München) from the Red Sea, Indonesia, Australia, and a few sequences from other parts of the world, to demonstrate the affiliation of the compared species. Numbers at the root of clades are bootstrap values of 1000 replicates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1271259/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) the three species grouped in a shared clade with modest bootstrap value (52%), with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FB428AF7FADFFC8C" authority="Van & De, 2018" authorityName="Van & De" authorityYear="2018" box="[1202,1297,764,789]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pilula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FB428AF7FADFFC8C" box="[1202,1297,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">L. pilula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FAE98AF6FAA2FC8C" bold="true" box="[1305,1388,764,789]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="99821669DC11A552FAE98AF6FAA2FC8C" box="[1305,1388,764,789]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77C50C83DC11A552FF678B2BFEC4FCA1" authorityName="Worheide & Hooper" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,266,799,824]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Leucandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nicolae">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B1AB12DC11A552FF678B2BFEC4FCA1" box="[151,266,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">L. nicolae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
closer (bootstrap value 65 %). A separate inspection of the trimmed alignment of these three species (length 431 sites) showed 15 non-conserved sites, indicating the species are probably not closely related.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |