666 lines
104 KiB
XML
666 lines
104 KiB
XML
<document id="45DA4B7169EADF9FFB825CC79F9B5F28" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5026.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10100344" ID-ZooBank="07E0C922-6B0F-4916-85C2-AD95146A8F1E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629979906524" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Neita-Moreno, Jhon C." docDate="2021" docId="03932D70B626C370FF7B0C91A1B3DB63" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5026.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5026 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cyclocephala marqueti Dechambre 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFAA5508B623C377FFEC0C06A02ADC12" masterDocTitle="A review of the black species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dynastinae) from Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1699603307102" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F3640BFECBDE5C08A2959094FAF7BE43">A review of the black species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Dynastinae) from Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B540406360539EAA041963C826C526BA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="77F4A7790DCD5033AA70791D87FAD363">Neita-Moreno, Jhon C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BFB8E9099519072318D7FC9E1EAFA426">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E035D65891F6946C8593CAFE27FAFF53">
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<mods:date id="4AA733EA8336ADDAE036792E702F7203">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="518A75BFE665DE1FEBC2F610BAFAB217">2021-08-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A6904BE87AB1C2007270D1260AB0C8D8">5026</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B05C7C665D8361BFFF10991578BD79B8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5026.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="10811E769ECD42B3D0309A80C1563054" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB626C372FF7B0C91A2BADCA3" box="[151,656,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF7B0C91A2BADCA3" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,250]" box="[151,656,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0CD2B0AB626C372FF7B0C91A2BADCA3" bold="true" box="[151,656,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FF7B0C91A2BADCA3" authority="Dechambre, 1997" authorityName="Dechambre" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,656,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
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<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF7B0C91A2BADCA3" bold="true" box="[151,656,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF7B0C91A184DCA3" bold="true" box="[151,430,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyclocephala marqueti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B626C372FE5A0C91A2BADCA3" author="Dechambre, R. P." box="[438,656,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="13 - 27" refId="ref22871" refString="Dechambre, R. P. (1997) Revision des Cyclocephala du groupe cribrata Burmeister (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). Coleopteres, 3, 13 - 27." type="journal article" year="1997">Dechambre, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB626C372FF7B0CBDA214DCEB" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF7B0CBDA214DCEB" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FF730CBDA10FDCC7" box="[159,293,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1A–B</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FEDC0CBDA15CDCC7" box="[304,374,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,192,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-29@18.[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7A–D. Adult mandibles. A, Cyclocephala marqueti (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala marqueti (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala proxima (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala proxima (dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100362/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7A–B</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE6D0CBDA1E2DCC7" box="[385,456,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,189,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[151,1436,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8A–D. Adult maxillae. A, Cyclocephala marqueti (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala marqueti (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala proxima (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala proxima (dorsal view). dpmst: dorsal process of mediostipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100364/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8A–B</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE3F0CBDA22CDCC7" box="[467,518,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1334,202,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[253,1334,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12A–F. Adult labia. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala fasciolata; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100372/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">12A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FDFE0CBDA24CDCC7" box="[530,614,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[153,1423,181,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-29@24.[151,1436,181,1798]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13A–F. Adult epipharynxes. A, Cyclocephala marqueti ventral view; B, Cyclocephala marqueti dorsal view; C, Cyclocephala proxima ventral view; D, Cyclocephala proxima dorsal view; E, Cyclocephala brevipennis ventral view; F, Cyclocephala brevipennis dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100377/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13A–B</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD9D0CBDA28EDCC4" box="[625,676,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[219,1372,189,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-29@26.[206,1381,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15A–J. Adult male large claw (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100382/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD5C0CBDA2C9DCC7" box="[688,739,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,192,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[151,1436,181,1652]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16A–J. Adult male large claw (lateral view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD030CBDA308DCC7" box="[751,802,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1404,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-29@28.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17A–J. Protarsomere 5 (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100386/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">17A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FCC10CBDA34ADCC7" box="[813,864,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,191,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[151,1436,181,1822]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18A–M. Protibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti (male); B, Cyclocephala proxima (male); C, Cyclocephala proxima (female); D, Cyclocephala brevipennis (male); E, Cyclocephala brevipennis (female); F, Cyclocephala fasciolata; G, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); H, Cyclocephala dalensi; I, Cyclocephala kaszabi; J, Cyclocephala ligyrina; K, Cyclocephala rufa; L, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype); M, Cyclocephala arhuacana (allotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100388/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">18A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC800CBDA38ADCC7" box="[876,928,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC470CBDA3F5DCC7" box="[939,991,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,161,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[185,1402,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20A–G. Female epipleura (ventral view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100394/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">20A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC060CBDA437DCC7" box="[1002,1053,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,158,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-29@32.[151,1436,151,1870]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21A–D.Wing. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, C, D, Cyclocephala proxima." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100396/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FBC50CBDA476DCC7" box="[1065,1116,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[152,1423,181,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[151,1436,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24A–H. Pygidia (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100402/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FB8B0CBDA491DCC7" box="[1127,1211,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,192,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-29@40.[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 26A–F. Parameres and phallobases, Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti parameres, caudal view; B, Cyclocephala marqueti phallobase, lateral view; C, Cyclocephala proxima parameres, caudal view; D, Cyclocephala proxima phallobase, lateral view; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli parameres, caudal view; F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli phallobase, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100406/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26A–B</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FB2A0CBDA4D3DCC7" box="[1222,1273,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[375,1220,190,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-15@45.[360,1227,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31A–D. Internal sacs. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina; D, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Copulatory lamella (LC) and raspula (RA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100417/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">31A</figureCitation>
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; 32C; 33A–D; 34A–D; 35A–G; 36A–C; 37A–C; 38)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB626C372FF7B0D21A465DE2F" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF7B0D21A15CDDBF" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF7B0D21A120DD53" bold="true" box="[151,266,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FEF40D21A236DD53" box="[280,540,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
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<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FEF40D21A236DD53" box="[280,540,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyclocephala marqueti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a longitudinal keel on the inner edge of the metatibia (
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<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FB4A0D21A506DD53" box="[1190,1324,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19A, C</figureCitation>
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), whereas
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FF7B0D4AA139DD77" box="[151,275,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">
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<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF7B0D4AA139DD77" box="[151,275,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. proxima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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does not (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE6A0D4DA1C6DD74" box="[390,492,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,192,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[151,1436,181,1652]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16A–J. Adult male large claw (lateral view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FDC30D4AA299DD77" box="[559,691,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FDC30D4AA299DD77" box="[559,691,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has sparse punctures on the pygidium, and the punctures are dense in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FF580D76A11ADD9B" box="[180,304,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF580D76A11ADD9B" box="[180,304,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. proxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the male protibial large claw lacks a basal tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC0B0D69A467DD9B" box="[999,1101,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the tooth is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FA6F0D76A0D9DDBF" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FA6F0D76A0D9DDBF" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. proxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FEEF0D95A143DDBF" box="[259,361,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B0DB1A465DE2F" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FF2B0DB1A1E4DDC3" box="[199,462,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B0DB1A1E4DDC3" box="[199,462,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyclocephala marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FD8B0DBEA32BDDC3" authorityName="Moore, Branham, & Cave" authorityYear="2018" box="[615,769,439,466]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rogerpauli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FD8B0DBEA32BDDC3" box="[615,769,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. rogerpauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the inner edge of the metatibia has a longitudinal keel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FF3B0DDDA16ADDE7" box="[215,320,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the surface of the pygidium has sparse punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC2A0DDDA41ADDE7" box="[966,1072,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,158,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-29@32.[151,1436,151,1870]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 21A–D.Wing. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, C, D, Cyclocephala proxima." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100396/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
), but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FB9E0DDAA4D3DDE7" box="[1138,1273,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB9E0DDAA4AFDDE4" box="[1138,1157,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB790DDAA4D3DDE7" box="[1173,1273,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by sparse punctures on the metasternite. The female epileuron is weakly enlarged at the level of the second abdominal sternite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE9A0E25A1F5DE2F" box="[374,479,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,161,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[185,1402,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20A–G. Female epipleura (ventral view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100394/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The internal sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD580E25A333DE2F" box="[692,793,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[206,1390,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[192,1396,181,1878]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 28A–H. Parameres and phallobases, Cyclocephala ligyrina species group. A, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; B, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; D, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view; G, Cyclocephala ligyrina parameres, caudal view; H. Cyclocephala ligyrina phallobase, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100411/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 28A</figureCitation>
|
||
) has 6 copulatory lamellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB626C372FF2B0E41A252D98F" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B0E41A209D8F8" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B0E41A147DE73" bold="true" box="[199,365,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FE900E41A193DE73" bold="true" box="[380,441,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE240E41A208DE73" box="[456,546,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length 25.4–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FD210E41A31EDE70" box="[717,820,583,610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="22.4">22.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width 11.9–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FC2A0E41A406DE70" box="[966,1068,583,610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="10.7">10.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Color black.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB250E41A538DE73" bold="true" box="[1225,1298,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Frons moderately densely punctate, punctures mostly moderately large (rarely small). Clypeal surface similar to frons, apical half often with only a few small punctures: apex convexly rounded, not margined, usually with weak angle at center, and weakly reflexed. Mandibles apically rounded, internal face with a groove (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FB8D0EB5A4F4DEDF" box="[1121,1246,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,192,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-29@18.[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7A–D. Adult mandibles. A, Cyclocephala marqueti (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala marqueti (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala proxima (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala proxima (dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100362/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 7A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
); labium densely setose, paraglossa undeveloped, apex slightly notched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FCE00ED1A35FDEE3" box="[780,885,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[264,1334,202,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[253,1334,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12A–F. Adult labia. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala fasciolata; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala ligyrina; F, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100372/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
); maxilla with galea developed, with 7 teeth, lacinia sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE8D0EFDA1F4DF07" box="[353,478,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,189,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[151,1436,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8A–D. Adult maxillae. A, Cyclocephala marqueti (ventral view); B, Cyclocephala marqueti (dorsal view); C, Cyclocephala proxima (ventral view); D, Cyclocephala proxima (dorsal view). dpmst: dorsal process of mediostipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100364/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 8A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD6B0EFDA330DF07" box="[647,794,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[153,1423,181,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-29@24.[151,1436,181,1798]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13A–F. Adult epipharynxes. A, Cyclocephala marqueti ventral view; B, Cyclocephala marqueti dorsal view; C, Cyclocephala proxima ventral view; D, Cyclocephala proxima dorsal view; E, Cyclocephala brevipennis ventral view; F, Cyclocephala brevipennis dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100377/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 13A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) ventrally with stout, moderately long setae; dorsum on lateral edge with slender, long setae, surface with small setae. Interocular width equals 4.0 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club slightly longer than antennomeres 2–7 and with a few long setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FAF60F45A5B6DF4F" bold="true" box="[1306,1436,835,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pronotum:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface with punctures moderately dense, moderately large to large (especially on sides), ocellate, deep. Base lacking marginal bead.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FE4A0F8DA1D1DFB7" bold="true" box="[422,507,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface with punctate rows, punctures of striae and intervals similar to those of pronotum; entire surface often coarsely and transversely wrinkled obscuring rows of punctures.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB280FA9A56ADFDB" bold="true" box="[1220,1344,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pygidium:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface with sparse, ocellate, setigerous punctures; setae short and tawny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC600FD5A3DDDFFF" box="[908,1015,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[152,1423,181,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[151,1436,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24A–H. Pygidia (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100402/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 24A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In lateral view, surface evenly convex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF3C0FF1A13BD803" bold="true" box="[208,273,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
Protibia tridentate, basal tooth slightly removed from others (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC340FF1A415D803" box="[984,1087,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,191,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[151,1436,181,1822]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18A–M. Protibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti (male); B, Cyclocephala proxima (male); C, Cyclocephala proxima (female); D, Cyclocephala brevipennis (male); E, Cyclocephala brevipennis (female); F, Cyclocephala fasciolata; G, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); H, Cyclocephala dalensi; I, Cyclocephala kaszabi; J, Cyclocephala ligyrina; K, Cyclocephala rufa; L, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype); M, Cyclocephala arhuacana (allotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100388/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
|
||
) Protarsus enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FADF0FF1A5A4D803" box="[1331,1422,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), tarsomeres 2–4 successively gradually larger, fifth large, curved, with small angulation at base on ventral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FA83081DA0E1D84B" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1404,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-29@28.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17A–J. Protarsomere 5 (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100386/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
|
||
); median claw at base with small tooth, claw large, curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FC8C0839A3EDD848" box="[864,967,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,192,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[151,1436,181,1652]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16A–J. Adult male large claw (lateral view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
), apex cleft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FBB90839A497D848" box="[1109,1213,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[219,1372,189,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-29@26.[206,1381,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15A–J. Adult male large claw (caudal view). A, Cyclcephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala brevipennis; D, Cyclocephala fasciolata; E, Cyclocephala santandereana (holotype); F, Cyclocephala dalensi; G, Cyclocephala kaszabi; H, Cyclocephala ligyrina; I, Cyclocephala rufa; J, Cyclocephala arhuacana (holotype). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100382/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metatibia on inner edge with longitudinal keel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE380865A211D86F" box="[468,571,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1400,188,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-29@30.[175,1411,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19A–H. Metatibiae (dorsal view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C. Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala dalensi; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala rufa; H, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100392/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metatarsus subequal in length to metatibia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FBDD0865A4A0D86F" bold="true" box="[1073,1162,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Venter:</emphasis>
|
||
Prosternal process moderately long, columnar, apex obliquely flattened into a transverse oval with anterior 2/3 to 4/5 raised into convex “button”.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FEE908ADA157D8D7" bold="true" box="[261,381,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Genitalia:</emphasis>
|
||
Parameres as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FDD608ADA2EBD8D7" box="[570,705,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,192,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-29@40.[151,1436,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 26A–F. Parameres and phallobases, Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti parameres, caudal view; B, Cyclocephala marqueti phallobase, lateral view; C, Cyclocephala proxima parameres, caudal view; D, Cyclocephala proxima phallobase, lateral view; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli parameres, caudal view; F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli phallobase, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100406/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 26A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
. Internal sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FCB008ADA3EBD8D7" box="[860,961,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[375,1220,190,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-15@45.[360,1227,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 31A–D. Internal sacs. A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala ligyrina; D, Cyclocephala arhuacana. Copulatory lamella (LC) and raspula (RA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100417/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 6 copulatory lamellae and speculum (with many short, spine-like setae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B08F5A252D98F" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B08F5A134D91F" bold="true" box="[199,286,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FEC108F5A1A8D91F" box="[301,386,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length 25.9–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FDC108F5A2BBD91C" box="[557,657,1267,1294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9899999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="19.9">19.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width 11.9–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FCCC08F5A3ACD91C" box="[800,902,1267,1294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="10.2">10.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Similar to male, but pronotal disc more densely punctate. Epipleuron weakly enlarged at level of second abdominal sternite. Elytral lateral margin slightly enlarged just before middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE9A093DA1CAD947" box="[374,480,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,161,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[185,1402,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20A–G. Female epipleura (ventral view). A, Cyclocephala marqueti; B, Cyclocephala proxima; C, Cyclocephala rogerpauli; D, Cyclocephala brevipennis; E, Cyclocephala kaszabi; F, Cyclocephala ligyrina; G, Cyclocephala arhuacana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100394/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
); in dorsal view, ventral margin of epipleuron without tooth or angulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FADA093DA5A4D947" box="[1334,1422,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pygidium slightly convex. Protarsus simple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FD710959A2DCD96B" box="[669,758,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-72@4.[151,1436,345,1699]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1A–F. Cyclocephala cribrata species group. A, Cyclocephala marqueti male; B, Cyclocephala marqueti female; C, Cyclocephala proxima male; D, Cyclocephala proxima female; E, Cyclocephala rogerpauli male (holotype); F, Cyclocephala rogerpauli female. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100346/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonocoxite larger than gonocoxal sternite, gonocoxite at center with a membranous area (Fig. 32C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB626C370FF2B09A1A230D8FB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B09A1A564D9F4" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B09A1A173D9D3" bold="true" box="[199,345,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FE8509A1A25AD9D3" box="[361,624,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FE8509A1A25AD9D3" box="[361,624,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cyclocephala marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B626C372FCC609A1A3ADD9D3" box="[810,903,1447,1473]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B626C372FC7B09A1A474D9D3" author="Dechambre, R. P." box="[919,1118,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="13 - 27" refId="ref22871" refString="Dechambre, R. P. (1997) Revision des Cyclocephala du groupe cribrata Burmeister (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). Coleopteres, 3, 13 - 27." type="journal article" year="1997">Dechambre 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B626C372FB8009A1A57DD9D3" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. & Paucar-Cabrera, A." box="[1132,1367,1447,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 565" refId="ref24303" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C., Cave, R. D. & Paucar-Cabrera, A. (2020) The dynastine scarab beetles of Ecuador (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 32, 1 - 565." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Ratcliffe
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB3B09AEA520D9D3" box="[1239,1290,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species is widespread in the eastern piedmont of the Eastern Cordillera in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B626C372FC3809CDA468D9F7" box="[980,1090,1483,1509]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FBBF09CDA517D9F7" bold="true" box="[1107,1341,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">new country record</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B09E9A2A9DAAF" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B09E9A1A7DA1B" bold="true" box="[199,397,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Locality records</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B626C372FE7309E9A1DCDA18" box="[415,502,1519,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B52963BB626C372FDE109E9A255DAAF" collectingDate="2018-04-01" collectingDateMax="2018-04-30" collectingDateMin="2018-04-01" collectionCode="IAvH, IAvH-" collectorName="A. Lopera & W. Chamorro" country="Colombia" elevation="84174" latitude="-0.55428" location="Eight" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.26094" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Caqueta">
|
||
<location id="8EE5CABDB626C372FDE109E9A260DA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03932D70B626C370FF7B0C91A1B3DB63:8EE5CABDB626C372FDE109E9A260DA1B" box="[525,586,1519,1545]" country="Colombia" latitude="-0.55428" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.26094" name="Eight" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Caqueta">Eight</location>
|
||
specimens examined from
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2B04A3B626C372FC6609E9A3E1DA1B" box="[906,971,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IAvH</collectionCode>
|
||
. “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B626C372FC0F09E9A47DDA1B" box="[995,1111,1519,1545]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B626C372FB8909E9A4EEDA1B" box="[1125,1220,1519,1545]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Municipio de Solano. Bosque. / Emergido de larva asociada a termitero.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FCE20A15A397DA3C" box="[782,957,1555,1582]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="15.408" value="-0.55428">0º33´15.408´´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FC240A15A4A7DA3C" box="[968,1165,1555,1582]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="39.384" value="-72.26094">72º15´39.384´´W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. / GWS
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FB040A15A570DA3C" box="[1256,1370,1555,1582]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4174" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="84174.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00177B55B626C372FB040A15A570DA3C" box="[1256,1370,1555,1582]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4174" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="84174.0">84, 174 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Cría, emergido de/ larva asociada a termitero, 2020-03, / C. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FCCA0A31A355DA43" box="[806,895,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Medina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Medina</taxonomicName>
|
||
” [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB626C372FC7B0A30A38FDA43" box="[919,933,1590,1617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
IAvH-E-198645]. “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B626C372FB6A0A31A4D0DA43" box="[1158,1274,1591,1617]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B626C372FAEA0A3EA568DA40" box="[1286,1346,1592,1618]" country="Colombia" name="Meta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Meta</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Cubar- ral, Finca / Rosania, Bosque húmedo tropical, /
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FD2C0A5DA34CDA64" box="[704,870,1627,1654]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="46.56" value="3.8295999">3º49´46.56´´N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FC980A5DA401DA64" box="[884,1067,1627,1654]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="59.21" value="-73.833115">73º49´59.21´´W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. / WGS
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FB650A5DA4D4DA64" box="[1161,1278,1627,1654]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.462" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="84620.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00177B55B626C372FB650A5DA4D4DA64" box="[1161,1278,1627,1654]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.462" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="84620.0">84, 620 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, Luz Establo,
|
||
<date id="FF84BAA6B626C372FF7B0A79A102DA8B" box="[151,296,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2018-04-01" valueMax="2018-04-30" valueMin="2018-04-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC0434EB626C372FF7B0A79A102DA8B" box="[151,296,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2018-04-01" valueMax="2018-04-30" valueMin="2018-04-01">1-30.iv.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CFF9B0B626C372FED90A79A187DA88" box="[309,429,1663,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. Lopera</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26CFF9B0B626C372FE500A86A270DA8B" box="[444,602,1663,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">W. Chamorro</collectorName>
|
||
” [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB626C372FD980A79A2B9DA8B" box="[628,659,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
-IAvH-E-216418,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2B04A3B626C372FC860A79A39BDA8B" box="[874,945,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IAvH-</collectionCode>
|
||
E-216420,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2B04A3B626C372FBD00A79A4A9DA8B" box="[1084,1155,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IAvH-</collectionCode>
|
||
E-216419;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB626C372FAE20A79A503DA8B" box="[1294,1321,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
-IAvH-E- 216421, IAvH-E-216422, IAvH-E-216423]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF2B0AC1A47BDB17" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B0AC1A17BDAF3" bold="true" box="[199,337,1735,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Life history</emphasis>
|
||
. Adults are active during the night and attracted to lights. The larvae are found in decomposed trees and associated with termites. The larva and pupa are described here for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C372FF1B0B09A438DB87" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B52963BB626C372FF1B0B09A425DB87" collectingDate="2020-03" collectorName="de Solano" country="Colombia" elevation="174" latitude="-0.55428" location="Municipio de Solano" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.26094" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Caqueta">
|
||
This is the first species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B626C372FDBF0B16A2F8DB3B" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" box="[595,722,1807,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FDBF0B16A24CDB38" box="[595,614,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FD9A0B09A2F8DB3B" box="[630,722,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">cribrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group to have the immature stages described. The descriptions are based on third instars and one exuvium from a third instar associated with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB626C372FB7D0B32A4D0DB5F" box="[1169,1274,1843,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="adult">one adult</specimenCount>
|
||
(female) with the following data:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32DDCF6B626C372FE9C0B51A1CBDB63" box="[368,481,1879,1905]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FE5284B626C372FE000B51A261DB63" box="[492,587,1879,1905]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE5CABDB626C372FDB90B51A368DB63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03932D70B626C370FF7B0C91A1B3DB63:8EE5CABDB626C372FDB90B51A368DB63" box="[597,834,1879,1905]" country="Colombia" latitude="-0.55428" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-72.26094" name="Municipio de Solano" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Caqueta">
|
||
Municipio
|
||
<collectorName id="26CFF9B0B626C372FD3D0B51A368DB63" box="[721,834,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">de Solano</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, forest, emerged from larvae associated with a termite mound,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FF1F0B7DA18BDB84" box="[243,417,1915,1942]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="15.408" value="-0.55428">0º33´15.408´´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0EFAA1B626C372FE400B7DA25BDB84" box="[428,625,1915,1942]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="39.384" value="-72.26094">72º15´39.384´´W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FD900B7DA2EFDB84" box="[636,709,1915,1942]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="174.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00177B55B626C372FD900B7DA2EFDB84" box="[636,709,1915,1942]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="174.0">174 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84BAA6B626C372FD3C0B7DA30DDB87" box="[720,807,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2020-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC0434EB626C372FD3C0B7DA30DDB87" box="[720,807,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2020-03">iii.2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C57EFB626C372FCD80B7CA368DB87" box="[820,834,1914,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
IAvH-E-198645]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B626C371FF2B0B99A293D91F" blockId="5.[151,1437,295,2014]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FF2B0B99A1C4DBAB" bold="true" box="[199,494,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Third instar description.</emphasis>
|
||
Figs. 33A–D; 34A–D; 35A–G; 36A–C; 37A–C.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FBFB0B99A44ADBAB" bold="true" box="[1047,1120,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB840BA6A4E6DBA8" box="[1128,1228,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cranium</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 33A): Width
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B626C372FF7B0BC5A0F7DBCC" box="[151,221,1987,2014]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Surface densely punctate, dark brown. Frontal suture and clypeofrontal suture distinct.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B626C372FB3D0BC2A539DBCF" box="[1233,1299,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Frons</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 33A): 1 anterior frontal seta on each side; exterior frontal seta and posterior frontal setae absent; 1 seta on each anterior angle. Remaining cranial surface with 3 dorsoepicranial setae, 6 epicranial setae distributed irregularly, 6–7 paraocellar setae on each side. Stemmata present.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FD780CD9A2C4DCEB" box="[660,750,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Clypeus</emphasis>
|
||
: Form trapezoidal. Surface of postclypeus dark brown, well sclerotized, densely punctate; surface of preclypeus light brown, with 2 central setae and 2 lateral setae on each side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FF7B0D21A0DADD53" box="[151,240,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Labrum</emphasis>
|
||
: Rugopunctate, slightly asymmetrical, 7 posterior setae, 3–4 lateral setae on each side, 14 central setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FF7B0D4DA130DD77" box="[151,282,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Epipharynx</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 33D): Lateral margins angulate, asymmetrical. Haptomeral process prominent, entire; right chaetoparia with 58 setae; left chaetoparia with 52 setae and some sensillae; gymnoparia narrow; acroparia each with 14 straight, long, thick setae; corypha with 5 fine, long setae; acanthoparia with 10–11 short, curved, spine-like setae; pedium large, ovate. Dexiotorma elongate, narrow, laeotorma slightly shorter than dexiotorma. Dexiophoba absent; laephoba poorly developed between haptolechus and inner side of laeotorma, with 17 fine setae. Sclerotized plate of right nesium elongate, truncate at apex; sense cone on left nesium represented by longitudinal, well-sclerotized plate, apex with 4 sensilla. Crepis poorly defined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FD280E25A374DE2F" box="[708,862,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Left mandible</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FC800E25A3DCDE2F" box="[876,1014,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,188,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-29@48.[151,1436,181,1713]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 34A–D. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Right mandible, dorsal view; B, right mandible, ventral view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100419/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 34C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Scissorial region with 4 teeth, apical tooth blade-like, S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FE840E5FA15ADE75" attach="left" box="[360,368,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
+ S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FE4D0E5FA183DE75" attach="left" box="[417,425,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
|
||
fused; S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FDE70E5FA20BDE75" attach="left" box="[523,545,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1-3</subScript>
|
||
separated from S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FD060E5FA2D8DE75" attach="left" box="[746,754,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4</subScript>
|
||
by scissorial notch; S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FC030E5FA3DDDE75" attach="left" box="[1007,1015,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</subScript>
|
||
with a basal tubercle. Scrobis with 7 long, fine setae. Dorsal surface with line of 8 fine, moderately long setae; acia well developed, sharp, setae at apex absent, without basolateral setae. Ventral surface with elongate-oval stridulatory area formed by 34 narrowly separated ridges; ventral process well developed, rounded, with many asperites; dorsomolar area with row of 10 stout, fine, moderately long setae; brustia with 16 stout, long setae arranged in form of a “U”. Molar area with 3 lobes, first molar lobe (M
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FE830F0BA15DDF09" attach="left" box="[367,375,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
) large.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FE230EFDA251DF07" box="[463,635,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Right mandible</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FD600EFDA33CDF07" box="[652,790,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,188,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-29@48.[151,1436,181,1713]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 34A–D. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Right mandible, dorsal view; B, right mandible, ventral view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100419/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 34A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Scissorial region with 4, teeth S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FB7F0F0BA483DF09" attach="left" box="[1171,1193,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1-3</subScript>
|
||
separated from S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FA9C0F0BA552DF09" attach="left" box="[1392,1400,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4</subScript>
|
||
by scissorial notch; scrobe with 9 fine, long setae. Dorsal surface with line of 14 fine, long setae. Ventral surface with elongate-oval stridulatory area formed by 33 narrowly separated ridges; ventral process well developed, rounded, with many asperites. Brustia with 16 long, stout setae. Calx large, without basolateral setae. Molar area with 3 wide, convex, ridged lobes (M
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B625C371FE440F9BA197DFB9" attach="right" box="[424,445,925,939]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1-3</subScript>
|
||
) and with 6 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FCEC0F8DA34EDFB7" box="[768,868,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Maxillae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FC9F0F8DA3D1DFB7" box="[883,1019,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Cardo subrectangular. Stipes longer than wide. Galea with many stout setae and 1 well-developed uncus at apex. Lacinia with many stout setae and 2 unci separated at their bases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FE010FD5A27CDFFF" box="[493,598,978,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillary palpi with 4 palpomeres, all palpomeres of different lengths, palpomere 4 twice as long as palpomere 2. Stridulatory area with 5 truncate ridges and an anterior truncate process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FF4C081DA120D827" box="[160,266,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FECC081DA192D827" box="[288,440,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hypopharynx</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FE26081DA21CD827" box="[458,566,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Glossa with 12 fine, long setae and 26 stout, short setae. Hypopharyngeal sclerome asymmetrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FE400839A23FD84B" box="[428,533,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
|
||
), concave medially, sharp process produced dorsally; left and right lateral lobes with 11–13 fine, moderately long setae. Left margin with row of 10–12 stout, moderately long setae directed toward center of sclerome and 16 basal setae at sclerome.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FD290881A305D8B3" box="[709,815,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
: 4 antennomeres, antennomeres 2 and 3 about 1/4 times longer than antennomeres 1 and 4; terminal antennomere slightly longer than antennomere 1; apical antennomere oval in dorsal and ventral view, almond-shaped in lateral view; dorsal surface with 13 sensory spots (Fig. 33B), ventral surface with 12 sensory spots (Fig. 33C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B625C371FF2B0911A488DA3F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FF2B0911A103D923" bold="true" box="[199,297,1303,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum irregularly and weakly sclerotized, with 8 long, fine setae. Prothoracic spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FADC0911A5BED923" box="[1328,1428,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[161,1430,194,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[151,1436,181,1796]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 37A–C. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, third instar, entire bode in lateral view; B, spiracular holes; C, spiracles, in all segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100426/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 37C</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FF7B093DA0D0D947" box="[151,250,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.62">0.62 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FED3093DA188D947" box="[319,418,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.34">0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; respiratory plate dark brown, bulla not prominent; distance between respiratory lobes less than diameter of bulla; plate with 38 holes across diameter at middle, holes with irregular edges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FACB0959A5BAD96B" box="[1319,1424,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[161,1430,194,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[151,1436,181,1796]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 37A–C. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, third instar, entire bode in lateral view; B, spiracular holes; C, spiracles, in all segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100426/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 37B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum of prothorax with transverse row of 28 long, fine setae. Mesoprescutum with transverse, irregular row of 24 long, fine setae and 22 short, spine-like setae; metaprescutum with 30 long, fine setae; metascutellum with 6 long, fine setae and 40 short, fine setae; spine-like setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FCF709CDA37AD9F6" box="[795,848,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FCB209CDA3CCD9F7" box="[862,998,1482,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[274,1311,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[265,1322,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 35A–G. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Labium, dorsal view; B, right maxilla, dorsal view; C, apex of mala showing unci; D, stridulatory teeth of maxilla; E, prothoracic claw, lateral view; F, mesothoracic claw, lateral view; G, metathoracic claw, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100422/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 35E–G</figureCitation>
|
||
): Tarsal claws with enlarged apical process, 1 basoexternal seta, and 1 internal, preapical seta. Tarsal claw on protarsus larger than claws on mesothoracic and metathoracic legs. Coxa, trochanter, and tibiotarsus of all legs setose, setae fine or stout.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B625C370FF2B0A30A467DF07" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,150,1905]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FF2B0A30A16FDA42" bold="true" box="[199,325,1590,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal spiracle VIII (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FD9D0A31A2FDDA43" box="[625,727,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.34">0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FCCC0A31A3AFDA43" box="[800,901,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) shorter than spiracles I–VII. Spiracles V (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FF730A5DA12FDA67" box="[159,261,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.32">0.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FEA00A5DA19ADA67" box="[332,432,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.48">0.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) and VI (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FDB60A5DA2EADA67" box="[602,704,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FCEA0A5DA341DA67" box="[774,875,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.49">0.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) shorter than spiracles II–IV and VII. Spiracles on segments II (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FE960A79A1F5DA8B" box="[378,479,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FDC80A78A2A2DA8B" box="[548,648,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.53">0.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide), III (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FCE90A79A343DA8B" box="[773,873,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.43">0.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FC420A78A438DA8B" box="[942,1042,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8999999999999995" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.59">0.59 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide), IV (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FB7C0A79A4DEDA8B" box="[1168,1268,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.43">0.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FAD50A78A5B7DA8B" box="[1337,1437,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.56">0.56 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) and spiracles on segment VII larger than preceding (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FCC30AA5A3BCDAAF" box="[815,918,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.61">0.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B625C371FC320AA5A469DAAF" box="[990,1091,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.73">0.73 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B625C371FB760AA5A528DAAF" box="[1178,1282,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,188,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-29@48.[151,1436,181,1713]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 34A–D. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, Right mandible, dorsal view; B, right mandible, ventral view; C, left mandible, ventral view; D, left mandible, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100419/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 34C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FAFA0AA4A120DAF3" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdominal segment I</emphasis>
|
||
with 18 long, fine setae on prescutum and 42 short, fine setae; subscutum with 16 long, fine setae; scutum with 8 long, fine setae, 16 short, fine setae, and 11 short, spine-like setae; scutellum with 8 long, fine setae and 30 short, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FEB90B08A24BDB3B" bold="true" box="[341,609,1806,1833]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdominal segment II</emphasis>
|
||
on prescutum with 21 long, fine setae and 44 short, fine setae; subscutum with 16 short, fine setae; scutum with 8 long, fine setae, 18 short, fine setae, and 13 short, spine-like setae; scutellum with 8 long, fine setae and 30 short, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FD400B50A3E9DB63" bold="true" box="[684,963,1878,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdominal segment III</emphasis>
|
||
on prescutum with 16 long, fine setae, 62 short, fine setae, and 22 short, spine-like setae; subscutum with 51 short, fine setae; scutum with 10 long, fine setae, 102 short, fine setae, and 48 short, spine-like setae; scutellum with 12 long, fine setae, 110 short, fine setae, and 89 short, spine-like setae. Spiracular area with 63 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B625C371FCBF0BC4A44CDBCF" bold="true" box="[851,1126,1986,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdominal segment IV</emphasis>
|
||
on prescutum with 18 long, fine setae, 14 short, fine setae, and 118 short, spine-like setae; subscutum with 59 long, fine setae and without short, spine-like setae; scutum with 18 long, fine setae, 167 short, fine setae, and 126 short, spine-like; scutellum with 12 long, fine setae, 186 short, fine setae, and 168 short, spine-like setae. Spiracular area with 61 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FF7B0D04A1B5DD0F" bold="true" box="[151,415,258,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment V</emphasis>
|
||
with 18 long, fine setae, 196 short, fine setae, and 202 short, spine-like setae on prescutum; subscutum with 51 short, fine setae; scutum with 16 long, fine setae, 116 short, fine setae, and 226 short, spine-like setae; scutellum with 12 long, fine setae, 212 short, fine setae, and 109 short, spine-like setae. Spiracular area with 61 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FE9A0D68A2A7DD9B" bold="true" box="[374,653,366,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment VI</emphasis>
|
||
on prescutum with 18 long, fine setae, 120 short, fine setae, and 206 short, spine-like setae; subscutum with 62 short, fine seta and without short, spine-like setae; scutum with about 128 long, fine setae, 199 short, fine setae, and 200 short, spine-like setae; scutellum with about 12 long, fine setae, 120 short, fine setae, and 181 short, spine-like setae. Spiracular area with 58 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB910DDCA5B6DDE7" bold="true" box="[1149,1436,474,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment VII</emphasis>
|
||
with 2 rows of setae (anterior and posterior), each with 8 long, fine setae. Spiracular area with 8 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FF7B0E24A1ECDE2F" bold="true" box="[151,454,546,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment VIII</emphasis>
|
||
with 2 rows of setae, anterior row with 8 long, fine setae; posterior row with 6 long, fine setae. Spiracular area with 32 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FD3D0E40A3CFDE73" bold="true" box="[721,997,582,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment IX</emphasis>
|
||
with 1 anterior row of 4 fine setae, and a posterior row with 8 long, fine setae. Spiracular area with 32 long, fine setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FBC50E6CA51FDE97" bold="true" box="[1065,1333,618,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal segment X</emphasis>
|
||
with approximately 52 moderate to long, fine setae and 102 short, spine-like setae. Spiracular area with 36 long, fine setae. Pleural lobes with 12 long, fine setae, short setae absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FCFC0EB5A349DEDE" box="[784,867,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Raster:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface without palidia; campus with 22 long, fine setae; teges with 67 short and stout setae projecting toward superior anal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B624C370FBE40ED1A45ADEE0" box="[1032,1136,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1624,1648]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,191,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-29@50.[151,1436,181,1600]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 36A–C. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar and pupa. A, Terminal abdominal segment, ventral view; B, stout setar; C, Cyclocephala marqueti, pupa, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100424/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 36A</figureCitation>
|
||
), barbula with 56–66 long, fine setae. Anal slit transverse. Approximate dorsal body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B624C370FC890EFCA3E3DF07" box="[869,969,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="23.5">23.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B624C370FC340EFDA46BDF07" box="[984,1089,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[161,1430,194,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[151,1436,181,1796]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 37A–C. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar. A, third instar, entire bode in lateral view; B, spiracular holes; C, spiracles, in all segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100426/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 37A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B624C370FF2B0F19A230D8FB" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FF2B0F19A1BEDF2A" bold="true" box="[199,404,798,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pupa description</emphasis>
|
||
. Female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130180E3B624C370FDEB0F19A251DF28" box="[519,635,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1624,1648]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,191,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-29@50.[151,1436,181,1600]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 36A–C. Cyclocephala marqueti, third instar and pupa. A, Terminal abdominal segment, ventral view; B, stout setar; C, Cyclocephala marqueti, pupa, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10100424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10100424/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 36C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B624C370FD040F19A37BDF2B" box="[744,849,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="19.8">19.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width of pronotum
|
||
<quantity id="4CC23183B624C370FBD00F19A48FDF2B" box="[1084,1189,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="17.2">17.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body elongate, oval, stout, exarate. Color dark reddish orange. Entire body with fine, velvet-gold vestiture.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB680F45A4EEDF4F" bold="true" box="[1156,1220,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Surface glabrous, bent sharply beneath thorax; antenna, labrum, mandibles, maxillae, and palps discernible; antennal tecae expanded, stout, with rounded apex. Compound eyes sunken, scarcely visible.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FC640F8DA3CBDFB7" bold="true" box="[904,993,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Surface glabrous. Elytral and posterior wing thecae closely appressed, curved ventrally around body; elytral thecae extending to middle of abdominal segment IV; posterior wing thecae extending to middle of abdominal segment V. Protibia with 3 distinct teeth on external edge. Mesotibiae and metatibiae with inner and external spines well developed at apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB410FF0A503D802" bold="true" box="[1197,1321,1014,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Segments III–X well defined in ventral view. Segment VII slightly longer than preceding, segment VIII 0.25 times longer than segment VII, segments VIII and IX fused, segment X without genital ampulla but with a small ventral plate. Segments I–X with well-defined dioneiform organs in dorsal view, sclerotized between segments I–II, II–III, III–IV, IV–V, V–VI, and VI–VII. Pleural lobes rounded. Spiracle I elongate, with fine peritreme and covered by wing thecae; spiracles II–IV ovate, prominent, with strongly sclerotized peritreme; spiracle V–VIII closed. Abdominal apex rounded, with fine and short setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C320CFEDB624C370FF2B08F4A1B3DB63" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B624C370FF2B08F4A1ACDA1B" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FF2B08F4A162D91E" bold="true" box="[199,328,1266,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. This is the first described larva of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FCE708F5A423D91F" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" box="[779,1033,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FCE708F5A423D91F" box="[779,1033,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyclocephala cribrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group. Based on this larva, there are some characters not shared with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FD5E0911A366D923" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" box="[690,844,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FD5E0911A366D923" box="[690,844,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FC4B0911A414D923" author="Ritcher, P. O." box="[935,1086,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref24405" refString="Ritcher, P. O. (1966) White Grubs and Their Allies: a Study of North American Scarabaeoid Larvae. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, Oregon, 219 pp." type="book" year="1966">Ritcher 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FBA60911A4CBD923" author="Morelli, E." box="[1098,1249,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="189 - 195" refId="ref23689" refString="Morelli, E. (1991) Descripcion de la larva y de la pupa de Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) y observaciones sobre su biologia. Elytron, 5, 189 - 195." type="journal article" year="1991">Morelli 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FB010911A118D947" author="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref23731" refString="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R. (1994) Descripcion de la larva de Cyclocephala testacea Burmeister, 1847 y clave para la determinacion de larvas de cuatro especies del genero Cyclocephala en el Uruguay (Coleoptera, Dynastinae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 54, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="1994">Morelli and Alzugaray 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FED3093DA225D947" author="Moron, M. A. & Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A." box="[319,527,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref23876" refString="Moron, M. A., Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A. (2014) Description of the third instar larvae of five species of Cyclocephala (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from Mexico. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 58, 219 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000300001" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Morón
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FE7F093DA1EFD947" box="[403,453,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FDF7093DA2C2D947" author="Moore M. R. & Cave, R. D. & Branham, M. A." box="[539,744,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="101 - 378" refId="ref23554" refString="Moore M. R., Cave, R. D. & Branham, M. A. (2018) Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini). Zookeys, 745, 101 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 745.23685" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Moore
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FD81093DA2B5D947" box="[621,671,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FD19093DA3C7D947" author="Rodrigues & Barbosa C. A. F. & Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A." box="[757,1005,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="205 - 219" refId="ref24440" refString="Rodrigues S. R., Barbosa C. A. F., Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A. (2018). Mating behavior and description of immature stages of Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), identification key and remarks on known immatures of Cyclocephalini species. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 62, 205 - 219. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2018.07.001" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rodrigues
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FC83093DA38BD947" box="[879,929,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These characters are: the haptomeral process of the epipharynx is raised in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FDA40959A2E4D96A" box="[584,718,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FDA40959A2E4D96A" box="[584,718,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but bilobed in other larvae described (with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FA6F0959A12FD98F" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FA6F0959A12FD98F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FEF00985A1C0D98F" author="Moron, M. A. & Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A." box="[284,490,1411,1437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref23876" refString="Moron, M. A., Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A. (2014) Description of the third instar larvae of five species of Cyclocephala (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from Mexico. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 58, 219 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000300001" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Morón
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FE9D0985A18BD98F" box="[369,417,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FE180985A2CDD98F" author="Rodrigues & Barbosa C. A. F. & Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A." box="[500,743,1411,1437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="205 - 219" refId="ref24440" refString="Rodrigues S. R., Barbosa C. A. F., Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A. (2018). Mating behavior and description of immature stages of Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), identification key and remarks on known immatures of Cyclocephalini species. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 62, 205 - 219. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2018.07.001" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rodrigues
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FD810985A2B7D98F" box="[621,669,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The mandibles of other known larvae have the scissorial area with a sinuate, blade-like apical tooth (S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B624C370FDB409BFA24AD9D5" attach="left" box="[600,608,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
|
||
+S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B624C370FD6C09BFA2A2D9D5" attach="left" box="[640,648,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
|
||
) and 1 rounded tooth (S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B624C370FC7A09BFA3B4D9D5" attach="left" box="[918,926,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
|
||
) after the scissorial notch; in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FB0409A1A546D9D2" box="[1256,1388,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB0409A1A546D9D2" box="[1256,1388,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the scissorial area has 4 teeth with teeth S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B624C370FDAD09DBA27CD9F9" attach="left" box="[577,598,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1-3</subScript>
|
||
separated from S
|
||
<subScript id="17BE9E23B624C370FCF709DBA309D9F9" attach="left" box="[795,803,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
|
||
by a scissorial notch (similar to that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FB3209CDA546D9F7" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[1246,1388,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB3209CDA546D9F7" box="[1246,1388,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FF7B09E9A153DA1B" authority="Casey" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,377,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jalapensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FF7B09E9A100DA1B" box="[151,298,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. jalapensis</emphasis>
|
||
Casey
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B624C370FF2B0A15A40CDA8B" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The last antennomere has 13 dorsal sensory spots and 12 ventral sensory spots, but in other described larvae, the last antennomere has only 2 ventral sensory spots and 2 dorsal sensory spots (with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FAF20A31A0D6DA67" authority="Martinez" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrerai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FAF20A31A5B6DA43" box="[1310,1436,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. barrerai</emphasis>
|
||
Martínez
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that also has a third spot). The lateral margins of the epipharynx are rounded in other species, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FA6F0A5DA0D1DA8A" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FA6F0A5DA0D1DA8A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. marqueti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the edges are angled (similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FD520A79A367DA8B" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[702,845,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FD520A79A367DA8B" box="[702,845,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FC680A79A43CDA8B" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" box="[900,1046,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jalapensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FC680A79A43CDA8B" box="[900,1046,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. jalapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B859C66B624C370FF2B0AA5A1B3DB63" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The size of abdominal spiracle VIII is smaller than the preceding spiracles in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FBD80AA5A4EADAAE" box="[1076,1216,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FBD80AA5A496DAAE" box="[1076,1212,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marqueti">C. marqueti</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FABE0AA5A0DADAF3" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FABE0AA5A0DADAF3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae, the spiracles on segments VII and VIII are larger than those on the preceding segments (with the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FEC70AEDA191DB17" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" box="[299,443,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FEC70AEDA191DB17" box="[299,443,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FE380AEDA241DB17" author="Ritcher, P. O." box="[468,619,1771,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref24405" refString="Ritcher, P. O. (1966) White Grubs and Their Allies: a Study of North American Scarabaeoid Larvae. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, Oregon, 219 pp." type="book" year="1966">Ritcher 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FD940AEDA325DB17" author="Morelli, E." box="[632,783,1771,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="189 - 195" refId="ref23689" refString="Morelli, E. (1991) Descripcion de la larva y de la pupa de Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) y observaciones sobre su biologia. Elytron, 5, 189 - 195." type="journal article" year="1991">Morelli 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FCF00AEDA466DB17" author="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R." box="[796,1100,1771,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref23731" refString="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R. (1994) Descripcion de la larva de Cyclocephala testacea Burmeister, 1847 y clave para la determinacion de larvas de cuatro especies del genero Cyclocephala en el Uruguay (Coleoptera, Dynastinae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 54, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="1994">Morelli & Alzugaray 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FBB40AEDA500DB17" author="Moron, M. A. & Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A." box="[1112,1322,1771,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref23876" refString="Moron, M. A., Lugo-Garcia, G. A. & Aragon-Garcia, A. (2014) Description of the third instar larvae of five species of Cyclocephala (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae) from Mexico. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 58, 219 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000300001" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Morón
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FB410AEDA4F5DB17" box="[1197,1247,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FAD90AEDA0D2DB3B" author="Moore M. R. & Cave, R. D. & Branham, M. A." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="101 - 378" refId="ref23554" refString="Moore M. R., Cave, R. D. & Branham, M. A. (2018) Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini). Zookeys, 745, 101 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 745.23685" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Moore
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FA640AEDA087DB3B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FEEA0B09A22BDB3B" author="Rodrigues & Barbosa C. A. F. & Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A." box="[262,513,1807,1833]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="205 - 219" refId="ref24440" refString="Rodrigues S. R., Barbosa C. A. F., Fuhrmann J. & Amaro R. A. (2018). Mating behavior and description of immature stages of Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), identification key and remarks on known immatures of Cyclocephalini species. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 62, 205 - 219. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2018.07.001" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rodrigues
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FE6E0B09A19FDB3B" box="[386,437,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The raster lacks palidia as in other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FBCF0B09A497DB3B" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" box="[1059,1213,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FBCF0B09A497DB3B" box="[1059,1213,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the palidia are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FEE70B35A226DB5F" authority="Burmeister" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" box="[267,524,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FEE70B35A134DB5F" box="[267,286,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FEC00B35A1A2DB5E" box="[300,392,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">testacea</emphasis>
|
||
Burmeister
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FDFB0B35A330DB5F" authority="Burmeister" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" box="[535,794,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FDFB0B35A200DB5F" box="[535,554,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FDD40B35A2BFDB5F" box="[568,661,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">modesta</emphasis>
|
||
Burmeister
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3AE7E5B624C370FCB80B35A46BDB5C" authority="Brethes" authorityName="Brethes" authorityYear="1904" box="[852,1089,1843,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tucumana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FCB80B35A34DDB5F" box="[852,871,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FC990B35A3C9DB5E" box="[885,995,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">tucumana</emphasis>
|
||
Bréthes
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FBBB0B35A5BDDB5F" author="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R." box="[1111,1431,1843,1869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref23731" refString="Morelli, E. & Alzugaray, R. (1994) Descripcion de la larva de Cyclocephala testacea Burmeister, 1847 y clave para la determinacion de larvas de cuatro especies del genero Cyclocephala en el Uruguay (Coleoptera, Dynastinae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 54, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="1994">Morelli and Alzugaray 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABE197B624C370FF7B0B51A1A7DB63" author="Fuhrmann, J. & Ribeiro-Dias B. M. & Rodrigues, D. R." box="[151,397,1879,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="331 - 342" refId="ref23190" refString="Fuhrmann, J., Ribeiro-Dias B. M. & Rodrigues, D. R. (2019) Population dynamics and description of larva and pupa of Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904 in west-central Brazil, and remarks on immatures of other Cyclocephala species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 63, 331 - 342. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2019.08.003" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Fuhrmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E4074B624C370FEFD0B51A169DB63" box="[273,323,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |