treatments-xml/data/BB/9A/DD/BB9ADD131B190F3D2A19A148121A1CEB.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62b6d215-f763-403e-8931-b2f25666d5ab" ID-PMC="PMC4714362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-548-1" ID-PubMed="26798322" ID-ZBK="D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-548-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 548" ModsDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" checkinTime="1451243596421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paukkunen, Juho, Berg, Alexander, Soon, Villu, Odegaard, Frode &amp; Rosa, Paolo" docDate="2015" docId="BB9ADD131B190F3D2A19A148121A1CEB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 548: 1-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 548" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" docTitle="Chrysis smaragdula Christ 1791" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="F34E322C6E3DFFFDFFB9090AFFD3FFAC" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1668162373669" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Paukkunen, Juho</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Berg, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Soon, Villu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Odegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>548</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>116</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-548-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127852976" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB9ADD131B190F3D2A19A148121A1CEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB9ADD131B190F3D2A19A148121A1CEB" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName authority="Christ, 1791" authorityName="Christ" authorityYear="1791" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis smaragdula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdula">Chrysis smaragdula Christ, 1791</taxonomicName>
Fig. 81
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis sexdentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexdentata">Chrysis sexdentata</taxonomicName>
Christ, 1791: 404.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Length 7-11 mm. The species is easily recognised due to its unique combination of a red metasoma and six apical teeth. The head and the mesosoma are greenish, dark blue or nearly black with coppery reflections, whereas the metasoma is dorsally purple-red or coppery red. The tergites are coarsely punctured, and the posterior margin of T3 has six sharp teeth (Fig. 81). The shape of the body is robust and compact.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
Latvia. Very rare. Only one male specimen is known from central Latvia (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ropaži">Ropazi</normalizedToken>
, 1.VI.1961, leg. V.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tumšs">Tumss</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Tumss, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoologijas muzeja raksti" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="89 - 96" title="Zinas par Latvijas krasnlapsenēm (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="4" year="1970">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tumšs">Tumss</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maršakovs">Marsakovs</normalizedToken>
1970
</bibRefCitation>
). - Trans-Palearctic: from Europe and northern Africa to western and central Asia (
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 232" title="Revision der Familie Chrysididae (Hymenoptera) mit besonderer Bruecksichtigung der europaeischen Spezies." volume="32" year="1959">Linsenmaier 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna, Supplement" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 281" title="Die Goldwespen Nordafrikas (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="10" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
Habitat: gardens with dead wood, old brick walls, old fences and/or stones (
<bibRefCitation author="Trautmann, W" journalOrPublisher="Uschman, Weimar" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" title="Die Goldwespen Europas." year="1927">Trautmann 1927</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Trautmann, W" editor="Schmiedeknecht, O" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="485 - 508" title="Cleptidae &amp; Chrysididae." volumeTitle="Die Hymenopteren Nord- und Mitteleuropas." year="1930">1930</bibRefCitation>
). Adults occasionally visit flowers of
<taxonomicName family="Apiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Euphorbiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Veroeffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 139" title="Die Goldwespen der Schweiz." volume="9" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="Giornale Italiano di Entomologia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="79 - 90" title="Alcune osservazioni sulle relazioni tra Vegetazione e Crisidi (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Italia." volume="11" year="2004">Rosa 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Flight period: June to July. Host:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Euodynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euodynerus dantici" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dantici">Euodynerus dantici</taxonomicName>
(Rossi) (
<bibRefCitation author="Martynova, KV" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="472 - 485" title="Chrysidid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) - parasites of eumenine wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Eumeninae) in Crimea." url="10.1134/S0013873815040090" volume="95" year="2015">Martynova and Fateryga 2015</bibRefCitation>
) and possibly also
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ancistrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistrocerus parietum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietum">Ancistrocerus parietum</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus) (
<taxonomicName family="Vespidae" lsidName="" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Mocsary, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="269 - 276" title="Chrysididas in diversis insectis vitam agentes parasiticam." volume="10" year="1912">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mocsáry">Mocsary</normalizedToken>
1912
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Paul Lechevalier, Paris" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" title="Hymenopteres vespiformes. III. (Cleptidae, Chrysidae, Trigonalidae). Faune de France, Vol. 34." year="1938">Berland and Bernard 1938</bibRefCitation>
). Host records implicating solitary bees (e.g.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Osmia brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Osmia brevicornis</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Osmia caerulescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulescens">Osmia caerulescens</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Hoplitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplitis adunca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adunca">Hoplitis adunca</taxonomicName>
(Panzer) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile sicula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">Megachile sicula</taxonomicName>
(Rossi)) (
<bibRefCitation author="Trautmann, W" journalOrPublisher="Uschman, Weimar" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" title="Die Goldwespen Europas." year="1927">Trautmann 1927</bibRefCitation>
) are dubious, as pointed out by
<bibRefCitation author="Kunz, PX" journalOrPublisher="Beihefte zu den Veroeffentlichungen fuer Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 188" title="Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wuerttembergs. Taxonomie, Bestimmung, Verbreitung, Kartierung und Oekologie. - Mit einem Bestimmungsschluessel fuer die deutschen Arten." volume="77" year="1994">Kunz (1994)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>