799 lines
98 KiB
XML
799 lines
98 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DEE111AEBB3D70924BF544990B0968F4">Big trees of small baskets: phylogeny of the Australian genus Spyridium (Rhamnaceae: Pomaderreae), focusing on biogeographic patterns and species circumscriptions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4271F6139BB7422D2C5ACB9ABFAD92B9">Clowes, Catherine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="50E802BFE0A9A5CF2530B429F8AF7471">Fowler, Rachael M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="091C5FB833855F7934C4506DFEF6C161">Fahey, Patrick S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="64812EB6B604E08DDD41493D4CB80C2D">Kellermann, Jürgen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5C168E51AD4DC30B19F6135DA7EE845E">Bayly, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3A38CAC6A7239A301CE2A66B8AAF0BB4">Australian Systematic Botany</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0A80E69FFB1FFB8CF21FBCFAE45F832" bold="true" box="[818,1403,1118,1146]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" reason="9">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21FBCFAE45F832" bold="true" box="[818,1403,1118,1146]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">
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Broad biogeographic patterns in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C8E9FBCFAE45F832" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[1274,1403,1118,1146]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C8E9FBCFAE45F832" bold="true" box="[1274,1403,1118,1146]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Spyridium</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB1FFB8CF21FB00AE10F981" blockId="17.[818,1490,1169,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">
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This study has provided the first comprehensive (all species) phylogenetic assessment of biogeographic patterns in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8CF21FB40A89CF8A1" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[818,930,1233,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21FB40A89CF8A1" bold="true" box="[818,930,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Spyridium</emphasis>
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. Our inferences (below) are based on the molecular phylogenies and insight from other studies of biogeography in southern Australian. We focus on broad (continent scale) patterns in general terms. The work presented here could be extended by additional analyses, such as, for example, using dated trees or probabilistic biogeographic modelling (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8C864FA03AE52F9E1" author="Ree RH & Smith SA" box="[1143,1388,1425,1449]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="4 - 14" refId="ref17567" refString="Ree RH, Smith SA (2008) Maximum likelihood inference of geographic range evolution by dispersal, local extinction, and cladogenesis. Systematic Biology 57, 4 - 14. doi: 10.1080 / 10635150701883881" type="journal article" year="2008">Ree and Smith 2008</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8C993FA00A855F981" author="Matzke NJ" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="242 - 247" refId="ref16727" refString="Matzke NJ (2013) Probabilistic historical biogeography: new models for founder-event speciation, imperfect detection, and fossils allow improved accuracy and model-testing. Frontiers of Biogeography 5, 242 - 247 .. doi: 10.21425 / F 55419694" type="journal article" year="2013">Matzke 2013</bibRefCitation>
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), although these are not explored here.
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</paragraph>
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An early split in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C831FA40AFACF9A1" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[1058,1170,1489,1513]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C831FA40AFACF9A1" bold="true" box="[1058,1170,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Spyridium</emphasis>
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has been identified in the nrDNA phylogeny, between the east and west of
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<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB1FFB8C97EFA60AEECFA41" box="[1389,1490,1521,1545]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Australia</collectingCountry>
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across the Nullarbor Plain (Clades
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and
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<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB1FFB8C909F983AE12FA61" box="[1306,1324,1554,1577]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
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;
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<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB1FFB8C92FF980AE41FA61" box="[1340,1407,1553,1577]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB1FFB8C982F980AEFFFA61" box="[1425,1473,1553,1577]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">
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3
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C98CF983AEFFFA61" bold="true" box="[1439,1473,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">a–j</emphasis>
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). There are many examples of east–west divergences in plants distributed across southern
|
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<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB1FFB8C860F9C0AFE5FA21" box="[1139,1243,1617,1641]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, including
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<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C94CF9C0A850FAC1" authority="Vent." authorityName="Vent." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Phebalium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C94CF9C0AEECFA21" bold="true" box="[1375,1490,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Phebalium</emphasis>
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Vent.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8CF99F9E0AF5BFAC1" author="Mole BJ & Udovicic F & Ladiges PY & Duretto MF" box="[906,1125,1649,1673]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="197 - 212" refId="ref17054" refString="Mole BJ, Udovicic F, Ladiges PY, Duretto MF (2004) Molecular phylogeny of Phebalium (Rutaceae: Boronieae) and related genera based on the nrDNA regions ITS 1 + 2. Plant Systematics and Evolution 249, 197 - 212. doi: 10.1007 / s 00606 - 004 - 0218 - z" type="journal article" year="2004">
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Mole
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CFC6F9E3AF2EFAC1" bold="true" box="[981,1040,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
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. 2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C89AF9E0AE66FAC1" authority="L'Her." authorityName="L'Her." box="[1161,1368,1649,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C89AF9E0AFC1FAC1" bold="true" box="[1161,1279,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
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L’Hér.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8CF21F900AFF0FAE1" authority="(Ladiges et al. 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Ladiges" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[818,1230,1681,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21F900A896FAE1" bold="true" box="[818,936,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8CFD4F900AFFDFAE1" author="Ladiges PY & Bayly MJ & Nelson G" box="[967,1219,1681,1705]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="703 - 708" refId="ref16629" refString="Ladiges PY, Bayly MJ, Nelson G (2012) Searching for ancestral areas and artifactual centers of origin in biogeography: with comment on east - west patterns across southern Australia. Systematic Biology 61, 703 - 708. doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / sys 005" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Ladiges
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C823F903AF53FAE1" bold="true" box="[1072,1133,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2012
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C8FBF900AEECFAE1" authority="R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." box="[1256,1490,1681,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Goodeniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Goodeniaceae R.Br.</taxonomicName>
|
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8CF28F920AF1EFA81" author="Jabaily RS & Shepherd KA & Gardner AG & Gustafsson MHG & Howarth DG & Motley TJ" box="[827,1056,1713,1737]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="2057 - 2067" refId="ref15918" refString="Jabaily RS, Shepherd KA, Gardner AG, Gustafsson MHG, Howarth DG, Motley TJ (2014) Historical biogeography of the predominantly Australian plant family Goodeniaceae. Journal of Biogeography 41, 2057 - 2067. doi: 10.1111 / jbi. 12363" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Jabaily
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF88F923A8EFFA81" bold="true" box="[923,977,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8C853F920AE4EFA81" authority="Sol. ex Sm." authorityName="Sm." box="[1088,1392,1713,1737]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C853F920AFE9FA81" bold="true" box="[1088,1239,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Xanthorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
Sol. ex Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8C99BF923A889FAA1" author="McLay TGB & Ladiges PY & Doyle SR & Bayly MJ" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="206 - 225" refId="ref16805" refString="McLay TGB, Ladiges PY, Doyle SR, Bayly MJ (2021) Phylogeographic patterns of the Australian grass trees (Xanthorrhoea Asphodelaceae) shown using targeted amplicon sequencing. Australian Systematic Botany 34, 206 - 225. doi: 10.1071 / SB 20013" type="journal article" year="2021">
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||
McLay
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21F943A859FAA1" bold="true" box="[818,871,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8CFC5F940AF92FAA1" authority="Labill." authorityName="Labill." box="[982,1196,1745,1769]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Adenanthos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CFC5F940AF69FAA1" bold="true" box="[982,1111,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Adenanthos</emphasis>
|
||
Labill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8C8D0F943AEAEFAA1" author="Nge FJ & Biffin E & Thiele KR & Waycott M" box="[1219,1424,1745,1770]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="616741" refId="ref17261" refString="Nge FJ, Biffin E, Thiele KR, Waycott M (2021 a) Reticulate evolution, ancient chloroplast haplotypes, and rapid radiation of the Australian plant genus Adenanthos (Proteaceae). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8, 616741." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C8EEF943AE0DFAA1" bold="true" box="[1277,1331,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C990F943AEAEFAA1" bold="true" box="[1411,1424,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8CF21F960AFA3FB41" authority="(Nge et al. 2021 c)" baseAuthorityName="Nge" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[818,1181,1777,1802]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Pomaderris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21F960A890FB41" bold="true" box="[818,942,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Pomaderris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8CFD5F963AFAEFB41" author="Nge FJ & Kellermann J & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[966,1168,1777,1802]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="107085" refId="ref17352" refString="Nge FJ, Kellermann J, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 c) Historical biogeography of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae): continental vicariance in Australia and repeated independent dispersals to New Zealand. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 158, 107085. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107085" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C813F963AF08FB41" bold="true" box="[1024,1078,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C896F963AFAEFB41" bold="true" box="[1157,1168,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">c</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Nullarbor Plain disjunction in a range of plant groups has been related to vicariance associated with uplifting and climatic cooling in the mid-Miocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8C83EF8C0AE16FB21" author="Crisp MD & Cook LG" box="[1069,1320,1873,1897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="1106 - 1117" refId="ref15345" refString="Crisp MD, Cook LG (2007) A congruent molecular signature of vicariance across multiple plant lineages. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43, 1106 - 1117. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2007.02.030" type="journal article" year="2007">Crisp and Cook 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB1FFB8CF21F8E0AFFEFBC1" authority="(Nge et al. 2021 c)" baseAuthorityName="Nge" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[818,1216,1905,1930]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Pomaderris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8CF21F8E0A890FBC1" bold="true" box="[818,942,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">Pomaderris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB1FFB8CFDCF8E3AF8AFBC1" author="Nge FJ & Kellermann J & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[975,1204,1905,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="107085" refId="ref17352" refString="Nge FJ, Kellermann J, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 c) Historical biogeography of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae): continental vicariance in Australia and repeated independent dispersals to New Zealand. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 158, 107085. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107085" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C801F8E3AF6FFBC1" bold="true" box="[1042,1105,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB1FFB8C8BAF8E3AF8AFBC1" bold="true" box="[1193,1204,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="112">c</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a close relative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCC71FD22ABECFE83" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[98,210,691,715]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCC71FD22ABECFE83" bold="true" box="[98,210,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCD69FD25A92FFE84" box="[378,529,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Pomaderreae">Pomaderreae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCE30FD25A83CFE84" author="Nge FJ & Kellermann J & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[547,770,691,716]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="107085" refId="ref17352" refString="Nge FJ, Kellermann J, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 c) Historical biogeography of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae): continental vicariance in Australia and repeated independent dispersals to New Zealand. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 158, 107085. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107085" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCE4EFD25A9ADFE83" bold="true" box="[605,659,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCEFEFD25A9C6FE83" bold="true" box="[749,760,692,715]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">c</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concluded that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCD36FD45AA9FFEA4" box="[293,417,724,748]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Pomaderris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCD36FD45AA9FFEA4" bold="true" box="[293,417,724,748]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Pomaderris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was widespread throughout southern and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB2FFBBCD7AFD65AAEFFF44" box="[361,465,756,780]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
until
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCE32FD65A90DFF43" bold="true" box="[545,563,756,779]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">c.</emphasis>
|
||
14 Ma, when the Nullarbor Plain uplift occurred, with subsequent rapid ‘within region’ diversification in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB2FFBBCE4BFCA5A984FF04" box="[600,698,820,844]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCC71FCC5AB53FF23" bold="true" box="[98,109,852,875]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">c</emphasis>
|
||
. 10 Ma, and little movement across biomes since. Although we did not use dated trees to determine diversification dates (as per
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCCA5FC05AA53FFE3" author="Nge FJ & Kellermann J & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[182,365,916,940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="107085" refId="ref17352" refString="Nge FJ, Kellermann J, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 c) Historical biogeography of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae): continental vicariance in Australia and repeated independent dispersals to New Zealand. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 158, 107085. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107085" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCCF9FC05AA24FFE4" bold="true" box="[234,282,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCD71FC05AA53FFE3" bold="true" box="[354,365,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">c</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a similar explanation for the early east–west divergence in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCD79FC25AAE4FF84" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[362,474,948,972]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCD79FC25AAE4FF84" bold="true" box="[362,474,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be inferred from our results.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF20E98DFFB2FFBBCFC0FE0DAFB3FEC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949900" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10949900" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949900/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" startId="18.[979,1016,412,435]" targetBox="[98,957,169,634]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB2FFBBCFC0FE0DAFB3FEC8" blockId="18.[979,1490,411,640]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCFC0FE0DAEECFE43" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Fig. 4. Distributions of samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC941FE0AAEF3FDFB" box="[1362,1485,411,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phylicoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC941FE0AAEF3FDFB" bold="true" box="[1362,1485,411,435]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. phylicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCFC0FE28A8DAFD98" bold="true" box="[979,996,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. Red Dots (J.Kellermann 689) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC948FE28AE55FD98" bold="true" box="[1371,1387,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. Dwarf (J.Kellermann 579) used in this study. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC99BFE47AF34FE43" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phylicoides">
|
||
S.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC9B0FE47AF34FE43" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">phylicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, samples are coloured by the clades in which
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
they are placed in the nrDNA tree (Fig. 2), with the distribution of the species, on the basis of the records in the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBC878FDDDAEA0FE2B" author="Atlas of Living Australia" box="[1131,1438,588,611]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" refId="ref14798" refString="Atlas of Living Australia (2020) Occurrence records download on 2020 - 06 - 26: taxon _ name: ' Spyridium'. Available at https: // doi. ala. org. au / doi / 02 d 2462 a- 77 d 9 - 4 f 0 b- 9457 - caf 67834 d 693 [Verified 26 June 2020]" type="url" year="2020">Atlas of Living Australia (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, also shown (grey dots).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB2FFBBCC91FC65AADDFBC4" blockId="18.[98,770,691,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Assuming the deep east–west divergence in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCE81FC65A83CF844" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[658,770,1012,1036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCE81FC65A83CF844" bold="true" box="[658,770,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relates to formation of the Nullarbor Plain, the nrDNA tree suggests that up to three lineages in the genus have potentially dispersed across the plain subsequent to this early east–west divergence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCD71FBE5AA9DF8C4" box="[354,419,1140,1164]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCDA6FBE5A936F8C4" box="[437,520,1140,1164]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCDD0FBE5AAEEF8C3" bold="true" box="[451,464,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCDF1FBE5AAD1F8C4" bold="true" box="[482,495,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">h</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCE12FBE5A936F8C4" bold="true" box="[513,520,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">j</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). An east-to-west dispersal of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCCDFFB05AABDF8E3" box="[204,387,1171,1196]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subochreatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCCDFFB05AABDF8E3" bold="true" box="[204,387,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. subochreatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is inferred from both nrDNA and cpDNA trees, because the species is nested within eastern taxa and its distribution extends to just west of the Nullarbor Plain (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCCA2FB65ABC0F944" box="[177,254,1268,1292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Fig. 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCCE4FB65ABC0F944" bold="true" box="[247,254,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">j</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Conversely, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCDCAFB65A973F943" box="[473,589,1267,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCDCAFB65A973F943" bold="true" box="[473,589,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a west-to-east dispersal could be inferred, because the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBCE25FA85A96AF964" box="[566,596,1300,1324]" country="France" name="Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratiore de Paleontologie" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">SA</collectionCode>
|
||
sample of this species (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBCCADFAA5ABDDF904" box="[190,227,1332,1356]" country="Australia" name="CSIRO Canberra Rhizobium Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">CC</collectionCode>
|
||
545;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCD04FAA5AA5CF903" box="[279,354,1332,1356]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Fig. 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCD46FAA5AA5CF903" bold="true" box="[341,354,1332,1355]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">a</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) groups with western taxa. However, because it is sister to other western taxa in Clade
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBCEB0FAC5A98AF924" box="[675,692,1364,1388]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
in the nrDNA phylogeny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCD2CFAE5AABFF9C4" box="[319,385,1396,1420]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), a reverse scenario could not be ruled out. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCD02FA05AAF9F9E4" box="[273,455,1428,1452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subochreatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCD02FA05AAF9F9E4" bold="true" box="[273,455,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. subochreatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCDCBFA05A979F9E4" box="[472,583,1428,1452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCDCBFA05A979F9E4" bold="true" box="[472,583,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows on sandy soils and limestone (FloraBase – the Western Australian Flora, see https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/, accessed
|
||
<date id="FFE19FC5FFB2FFBBCEE0FA45ABE9FA44" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" value="2021-05-07">7 May 2021</date>
|
||
), suggesting it could have made use of land connections south of the Nullarbor Plain that have been exposed at times of lower sea level since the late Pliocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCEA5F9A5ABA4FA24" author="Nelson EC" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="105 - 117" refId="ref17230" refString="Nelson EC (1974) Disjunct plant distributions on the south-western Nullarbor Plain, Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 57, 105 - 117." type="journal article" year="1974">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB2FFBBCEA5F9A5A83FFA04" box="[694,769,1588,1612]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Nelson</collectingRegion>
|
||
1974
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCCBBF9C5AA80FA24" author="Wright IJ & Ladiges PY" box="[168,446,1620,1644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="651 - 680" refId="ref18262" refString="Wright IJ, Ladiges PY (1997) Geographic variation in Eucalyptus diversifolia (Myrtaceae) and the recognition of new subspecies E. diversifolia subsp. hesperia and E. diversifolia subsp. megacarpa. Australian Systematic Botany 10, 651 - 680. doi: 10.1071 / SB 96019" type="journal article" year="1997">Wright and Ladiges 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). An alternative explanation, that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCC87F9E5ABC1FAC3" box="[148,255,1651,1676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCC87F9E5ABC1FAC3" bold="true" box="[148,255,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was widespread across this region and became disjunct during the Nullarbor Plain uplift, would require retention of morphological resemblance, such that it is recognised as a single species, despite a considerable geographic disjunction, for a substantial period of time since the mid-Miocene. Population-level sampling of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCE5EF885A982FB63" box="[589,700,1811,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCE5EF885A982FB63" bold="true" box="[589,700,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using variable genomic markers could provide a greater insight into geographic history of the species and be used to further test its taxonomic circumscription.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB2FFBBCF41FD25AE80F984" blockId="18.[818,1490,692,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
The third lineage for which dispersal over the Nullarbor Plain might possibly be inferred is that including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC968FD45A8A4FF44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polycephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC968FD45A8A4FF44" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. polycephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCFC6FD65AFAEFF44" box="[981,1168,756,780]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCFC6FD65AFAEFF44" bold="true" box="[981,1168,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">S. oligocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBC8B0FD65AFDDFF44" box="[1187,1251,756,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBC8E0FD65AE30FF44" box="[1267,1294,756,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC912FD65AE30FF44" bold="true" box="[1281,1294,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">h</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBC90CFD65AE13FF44" box="[1311,1325,756,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 5. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC955FD65AE69FF44" box="[1350,1367,756,780]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
deep east-to-west dispersal event, before the diversification of the two species, is inferred from both the nrDNA and cpDNA trees, because this clade was nested within species from east of the Nullarbor Plain. Evidence of early east–west vicariance across southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB2FFBBCFFAFC05AF6FFFE4" box="[1001,1105,916,940]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, followed by subsequent dispersal events such as these have been inferred in studies of other plant groups, such as, for example, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC8F9FC42AE5EFFA3" box="[1258,1376,979,1003]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC8F9FC42AE5EFFA3" bold="true" box="[1258,1376,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCF21FC65AFE2F844" authority="(Wright and Ladiges 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Wright and Ladiges" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[818,1244,1012,1036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF21FC65A896F844" bold="true" box="[818,936,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCFAAFC65AFEFF844" author="Wright IJ & Ladiges PY" box="[953,1233,1012,1036]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="651 - 680" refId="ref18262" refString="Wright IJ, Ladiges PY (1997) Geographic variation in Eucalyptus diversifolia (Myrtaceae) and the recognition of new subspecies E. diversifolia subsp. hesperia and E. diversifolia subsp. megacarpa. Australian Systematic Botany 10, 651 - 680. doi: 10.1071 / SB 96019" type="journal article" year="1997">Wright and Ladiges 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC8FAFC65A89CF864" authority="J. R. Forst. & G. Forst." authorityName="J. R. Forst. & G. Forst." class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Thelymitra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC8FAFC65AE5FF844" bold="true" box="[1257,1377,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Thelymitra</emphasis>
|
||
J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCFA2FB85AF99F864" author="Nauheimer L & Schley RJ & Clements MA & Micheneau C & Nargar K" box="[945,1191,1044,1068]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="304 - 319" refId="ref17112" refString="Nauheimer L, Schley RJ, Clements MA, Micheneau C, Nargar K (2018) Australasian orchid biogeography at continental scale: molecular phylogenetic insights from the sun orchids (Thelymitra, Orchidaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127, 304 - 319. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2018.05.031" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Nauheimer
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC820FB85AF5EF864" bold="true" box="[1075,1120,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC8ADFB85AEECF864" authority="Labill." authorityName="Labill." box="[1214,1490,1044,1068]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Calytrix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetragona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC8ADFB85AEB8F863" bold="true" box="[1214,1414,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Calytrix tetragona</emphasis>
|
||
Labill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCF28FBA5AF34F803" author="Nge FJ & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[827,1034,1075,1100]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref17305" refString="Nge FJ, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 b) Phylogenomics and continental biogeographic disjunctions: insight from the Australian starflowers (Calytrix). American Journal of Botany 109, 291 - 308. doi: 10.1002 / ajb 2.1790." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF64FBA5A890F803" bold="true" box="[887,942,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCFEDFBA2AF34F803" bold="true" box="[1022,1034,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC84EFBA2AEF3F804" authority="(Nge et al. 2021 c)" baseAuthorityName="Nge" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1117,1485,1075,1100]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Pomaderris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC84EFBA2AFE7F803" bold="true" box="[1117,1241,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Pomaderris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBC8E1FBA5AEFFF803" author="Nge FJ & Kellermann J & Biffin E & Waycott M & Thiele KR" box="[1266,1473,1075,1100]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="107085" refId="ref17352" refString="Nge FJ, Kellermann J, Biffin E, Waycott M, Thiele KR (2021 c) Historical biogeography of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae): continental vicariance in Australia and repeated independent dispersals to New Zealand. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 158, 107085. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107085" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Nge
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC93DFBA5AE5BF803" bold="true" box="[1326,1381,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC9A5FBA5AEFFF803" bold="true" box="[1462,1473,1076,1099]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">c</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Despite this, an alternative explanation of vicariance to account for the Western Australian distribution of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF21FB05AF91F8E3" bold="true" box="[818,1199,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCF21FB05A8D7F8E3" box="[818,1001,1171,1196]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polycephalum">S. polycephalum</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCFE4FB02AF91F8E3" box="[1015,1199,1171,1195]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligocephalum">S. oligocephalum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clade cannot be immediately discounted on the basis of our data. Although a vicariance explanation is less parsimonious because it would infer extinction of multiple lineages in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB2FFBBC8D0FB65AEB1F944" box="[1219,1423,1268,1292]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, such reasoning assumes that multiple extinctions are less probable than is a single dispersal, which might not be true (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCF28FAC5AFA0F924" author="Sanmartin I & Meseguer AS" box="[827,1182,1364,1388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="35" refId="ref17756" refString="Sanmartin I, Meseguer AS (2016) Extinction in phylogenetics and biogeography: from timetrees to patterns of biotic assemblage. Frontiers in Genetics 7, 35. doi: 10.3389 / fgene. 2016.00035" type="journal article" year="2016">Sanmartín and Meseguer 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), for example, in the face of substantial climatic change in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB2FFBBC8A9FAE5AE21F9C4" box="[1210,1311,1396,1420]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
since the mid-Miocene.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBCFB3FA05A88FF9E4" box="[928,945,1428,1452]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
robust time-calibrated phylogeny for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBC971FA05AEECF9E4" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[1378,1490,1428,1452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC971FA05AEECF9E4" bold="true" box="[1378,1490,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could help corroborate one of these alternative scenarios.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB2FFBDCF41FA45AA06FEC3" blockId="18.[818,1490,692,1932]" lastBlockId="20.[98,770,499,1932]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Within the eastern Australian branch of the nrDNA phylogeny (Clade
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBCFA5FA65A8F6FA43" box="[950,968,1524,1547]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCFC4FA65AF27FA44" box="[983,1049,1524,1548]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), an early
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC88FFA65AFECFA44" box="[1180,1234,1524,1548]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">NSW</collectionCode>
|
||
divergence is inferred (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCF28F985A8BBFA63" box="[827,901,1555,1580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Fig. 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF6AF982A8BBFA63" bold="true" box="[889,901,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">b</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). This deep divergence of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC8BCF985AFDBFA64" box="[1199,1253,1556,1580]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">NSW</collectionCode>
|
||
endemics from other south-eastern Australian taxa occurs near a broadly defined area that has been termed the southern transition zone (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC98CF9C5AEF0FA24" box="[1439,1486,1620,1644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">STZ</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB2FFBBCF21F9E5A842FAC3" box="[818,892,1651,1676]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Fig. 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF63F9E2A842FAC3" bold="true" box="[880,892,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">b</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBCFA1F9E5AFB2FAC4" author="Milner ML & Rossetto M & Crisp MD & Weston PH" box="[946,1164,1651,1676]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="2045 - 2057" refId="ref17011" refString="Milner ML, Rossetto M, Crisp MD, Weston PH (2012) The impact of multiple biogeographic barriers and hybridization on species-level differentiation. American Journal of Botany 99, 2045 - 2057. doi: 10.3732 / ajb. 1200327" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Milner
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC812F9E5AF0CFAC3" bold="true" box="[1025,1074,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC8DFF9E5AFC8FAC4" box="[1228,1270,1652,1676]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">STZ</collectionCode>
|
||
is found east of the Great Dividing Range (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F348F995FFB2FFBBC822F905AF56FAE4" box="[1073,1128,1684,1708]" name="Germany" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">GDR</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and north of the Victoria–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC989F905AEECFAE4" box="[1434,1490,1684,1708]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" type="Herbarium">NSW</collectionCode>
|
||
border and is identified as a region where genetic or distributional discontinuities are seen in a range of taxa, but with the exact position of the discontinuities being dependent on habitat requirements of individual species and potentially different timescales of divergence (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBBC84FF8A5AE0FFB04" author="Milner ML & Rossetto M & Crisp MD & Weston PH" box="[1116,1329,1843,1868]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="2045 - 2057" refId="ref17011" refString="Milner ML, Rossetto M, Crisp MD, Weston PH (2012) The impact of multiple biogeographic barriers and hybridization on species-level differentiation. American Journal of Botany 99, 2045 - 2057. doi: 10.3732 / ajb. 1200327" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Milner
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC8A2F8A5AFDBFB03" bold="true" box="[1201,1253,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other plant taxa showing genetic breaks across the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB2FFBBC953F8C5AE54FB24" box="[1344,1386,1876,1900]" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">STZ</collectionCode>
|
||
include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB2FFBBCF21F8E2AE3DFBC4" authority="(Schneev.) Stearn" authorityName="Stearn" baseAuthorityName="Schneev." box="[818,1283,1907,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hardenbergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBCF21F8E2AF11FBC3" bold="true" box="[818,1071,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">Hardenbergia violacea</emphasis>
|
||
(Schneev.) Stearn
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB2FFBDC908F8E5ABA7FE44" author="Larcombe MJ & McKinnon GE & Vaillancourt RE" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="125 - 136" refId="ref16679" refString="Larcombe MJ, McKinnon GE, Vaillancourt RE (2011) Genetic evidence for the origins of range disjunctions in the Australian dry sclerophyll plant Hardenbergia violacea. Journal of Biogeography 38, 125 - 136. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2699.2010.02391. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Larcombe
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB2FFBBC980F8E5AEF4FBC3" bold="true" box="[1427,1482,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCCBDFE65AA7AFE43" authority="R. Br." authorityName="R. Br." box="[174,324,500,524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Lomatia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCBDFE65AA39FE44" bold="true" box="[174,263,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Lomatia</emphasis>
|
||
R.Br.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD42FE65A931FE44" author="Milner ML & Rossetto M & Crisp MD & Weston PH" box="[337,527,499,524]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="2045 - 2057" refId="ref17011" refString="Milner ML, Rossetto M, Crisp MD, Weston PH (2012) The impact of multiple biogeographic barriers and hybridization on species-level differentiation. American Journal of Botany 99, 2045 - 2057. doi: 10.3732 / ajb. 1200327" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Milner
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD8DFE65AAF5FE43" bold="true" box="[414,459,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE37FE62AA5FFE64" authority="R. Br. ex Rich. & A. Rich." authorityName="Rich. & A. Rich." class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Callitris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhomboidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE37FE62A83FFE43" bold="true" box="[548,769,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Callitris rhomboidea</emphasis>
|
||
R.Br. ex Rich. & A.Rich.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD7CFD85A912FE64" author="Worth JRP & Sakaguchi S & Harrison PA & Bruniche-Olsen A & Janes JK & Crisp MD & Bowman DMJS" box="[367,556,532,556]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="459 - 474" refId="ref18206" refString="Worth JRP, Sakaguchi S, Harrison PA, Bruniche-Olsen A, Janes JK, Crisp MD, Bowman DMJS (2018) Pleistocene divergence of two disjunct conifers in the eastern Australian temperate zone. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125, 459 - 474. doi: 10.1093 / biolinnean / bly 127" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Worth
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDA9FD85AAD6FE64" bold="true" box="[442,488,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE79FD85AA05FE04" authority="(McLay et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="McLay" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE79FD85A83FFE64" bold="true" box="[618,769,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Xanthorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCC78FDA4AA0EFE04" author="McLay TGB & Ladiges PY & Doyle SR & Bayly MJ" box="[107,304,564,589]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="206 - 225" refId="ref16805" refString="McLay TGB, Ladiges PY, Doyle SR, Bayly MJ (2021) Phylogeographic patterns of the Australian grass trees (Xanthorrhoea Asphodelaceae) shown using targeted amplicon sequencing. Australian Systematic Botany 34, 206 - 225. doi: 10.1071 / SB 20013" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
McLay
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCA9FDA5ABD7FE04" bold="true" box="[186,233,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCD54FDA5AA89FE04" box="[327,439,564,588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD54FDA5AA89FE04" bold="true" box="[327,439,564,588]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provides a further example of this pattern, although potential drivers of the divergence are unclear in this case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF20E98DFFB3FFBACCE5F966A916FB46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10949904" box="[246,552,1783,1806]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="114" startId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" targetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB3FFBACCE5F966A916FB46" blockId="19.[246,552,1783,1806]" box="[246,552,1783,1806]" pageId="19" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Fig. 5. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB3FFBACD49F966A91EFB46" bold="true" box="[346,544,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="114">Caption on next page</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF20E98DFFB4FFBDCC71FF2AA900FDD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949908" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10949908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949908/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" startId="20.[98,135,187,210]" targetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB4FFBDCC71FF2AA900FDD7" blockId="20.[98,1490,187,415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Fig. 5. Chloroplast genome (cpDNA) phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE62FF2AA9F4FC9A" baseAuthorityName="Kellermann and Udovicic" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[625,714,187,210]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE62FF2AA9F4FC9A" bold="true" box="[625,714,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on Bayesian inference (BI) analysis. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) <0.95 and ultrafast bootstrap (UFBS) values are shown at nodes when <95%; values ≥95% are not shown. Where one value for a node is supported (≥95%) and the other for that node is unsupported (<95%), only the unsupported value is shown. Where a hyphen (-) is provided at a node, this node varied in resolution in the ML tree and was therefore not transferable to the BI phylogeny. Coloured bar to the right of the tree indicates placement of samples in the nrDNA phylogeny (i.e. matching the coloured bar on Fig. 2). Labels are given for some clades (K–Q) and subclades (M1–Q2) discussed in text. Species polyphyletic across clades are highlighted in red text. Monophyletic taxa with>0.95 PP support are highlighted in green. Dashed lines associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE55FEFAA9A4FDCA" box="[582,666,363,386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE55FEFAA9A4FDCA" bold="true" box="[582,666,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCEB6FEFAA839FDCA" box="[677,775,363,386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCEB6FEFAA839FDCA" bold="true" box="[677,775,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. glaucum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCF01FEFAA895FDCA" box="[786,939,363,386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phlebophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCF01FEFAA895FDCA" bold="true" box="[786,939,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. phlebophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCFC9FEFAAFDEFDCA" authority="E. D. Adams" authorityName="E. D. Adams" box="[986,1248,363,386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subochreatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCFC9FEFAAF51FDCA" bold="true" box="[986,1135,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. subochreatum</emphasis>
|
||
E.D.Adams
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
21/0907 are provided as reference points connecting taxa to the sidebar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB4FFBDCC91FD05A9E8F8E4" blockId="20.[98,770,499,1932]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Tasmanian endemics (excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE1BFD05A98EFEE4" box="[520,688,660,684]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obcordatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE1BFD05A98EFEE4" bold="true" box="[520,688,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. obcordatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found in a single, early diverging clade separate from their mainland counterparts in the nrDNA tree (Clade D,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCE9CFD45A9F5FEA4" box="[655,715,724,748]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCECBFD45A9CFFEA3" box="[728,753,724,748]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCEF5FD45A9CFFEA3" bold="true" box="[742,753,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">c</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), suggesting early vicariance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCDAFFD65A912FF44" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[444,556,756,780]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDAFFD65A912FF44" bold="true" box="[444,556,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
across Bass Strait. This early divergence and diversification of Tasmanian endemics is also supported by the cpDNA phylogeny (Clade
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB4FFBDCEF8FCA5A9C0FF03" box="[747,766,820,843]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCC71FCC5AB98FF24" box="[98,166,852,876]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 5. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the findings of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCDB8FCC5A9F2FF24" author="Kellermann J & Udovicic F & Ladiges PY" box="[427,716,852,876]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="619 - 631" refId="ref16428" refString="Kellermann J, Udovicic F, Ladiges PY (2005) Phylogenetic analysis and generic limits of the tribe Pomaderreae (Rhamnaceae) using internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. Taxon 54, 619 - 631. doi: 10.2307 / 25065419" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Kellermann
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE24FCC5A952FF24" bold="true" box="[567,620,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCC71FCE5AA49FFC4" author="Hauenschild F & Favre A & Michalak I & Muellner-Riehl AN" box="[98,375,883,908]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="2669 - 2677" refId="ref15792" refString="Hauenschild F, Favre A, Michalak I, Muellner-Riehl AN (2018) The influence of the Gondwanan breakup on the biogeographic history of the ziziphoids (Rhamnaceae). Journal of Biogeography 45, 2669 - 2677. doi: 10.1111 / jbi. 13448" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Hauenschild
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCE2FCE5AA20FFC3" bold="true" box="[241,286,883,907]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The continued barriers to dispersal and gene-flow are likely to be the inundation of Bass Strait during interglacial periods (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD9DFC25A99DFF84" author="Galloway RW & Kemp EM" box="[398,675,948,972]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="53 - 80" refId="ref15595" refString="Galloway RW, Kemp EM (1981) Late Cainozoic environments of Australia. In ' Ecological Biogeography of Australia', Vol. 1. (Ed. A Keast) pp. 53 - 80. (Junk: The Hague, Netherlands)" type="book chapter" year="1981">Galloway and Kemp 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the semi-arid climate of the land-bridge exposed during glacial periods (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCCDAFC65A926F844" author="Kirkpatrick JB & Fowler M" box="[201,536,1012,1036]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="171 - 182" refId="ref16581" refString="Kirkpatrick JB, Fowler M (1998) Locating likely glacial forest refugia in Tasmania using palynological and ecological information to test alternative climatic models. Biological Conservation 85, 171 - 182. doi: 10.1016 / S 0006 - 3207 (97) 00144 - 4" type="journal article" year="1998">Kirkpatrick and Fowler 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Major glacial and interglacial fluctuations occurred throughout the Quaternary (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC78FBA5AB40F803" bold="true" box="[107,126,1076,1099]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">c.</emphasis>
|
||
2.2 Ma to
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCFEFBA5ABC1F803" bold="true" box="[237,255,1076,1099]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">c.</emphasis>
|
||
10 000 years ago;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCDD5FBA5A903F804" author="Hope GS" box="[454,573,1076,1100]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="368 - 389" refId="ref15874" refString="Hope GS (1994) Quaternary vegetation. In ' History of the Australian vegetation: Cretaceous to recent'. (Ed. GS Hope) pp. 368 - 389. (University of Adelaide Press: Adelaide, SA, Australia)" type="book chapter" year="1994">Hope 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCE5BFBA5A9F4F804" author="Quilty PG" box="[584,714,1076,1100]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="14 - 43" refId="ref17510" refString="Quilty PG (1994) The background: 144 million years of Australian palaeoclimate and palaeogeography. In ' History of the Australian vegetation: Cretaceous to recent'. (Ed. RS Hill) Vol. 14, pp. 14 - 43. (University of Adelaide Press: Adelaide, SA, Australia)" type="journal article" year="1994">Quilty 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and their resulting climatic extremes have been inferred to contribute to the limited distribution of narrow-range endemism in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCC6DFB02ABD0F8E3" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" baseAuthorityName="Kellermann and Udovicic" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[126,238,1171,1195]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC6DFB02ABD0F8E3" bold="true" box="[126,238,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCD01FB05AA42F8E4" box="[274,380,1172,1196]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD9FFB05A9FBF8E4" author="Coates F & Kirkpatrick JB" box="[396,709,1172,1196]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="755 - 767" refId="ref15309" refString="Coates F, Kirkpatrick JB (1999) Is geographic range correlated with climatic range in Australian Spyridium taxa? Australian Journal of Botany 47, 755 - 767. doi: 10.1071 / BT 97066" type="journal article" year="1999">Coates and Kirkpatrick 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB4FFBDCC91FB25AA3DFBC4" blockId="20.[98,770,499,1932]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Recent dispersal or gene flow between
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCE63FB25A9F9F884" box="[624,711,1204,1228]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCC71FB45ABF5F8A4" box="[98,203,1236,1260]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
are here inferred for the lineage represented by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCC71FB65AA37F943" box="[98,265,1267,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obcordatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC71FB65AA37F943" bold="true" box="[98,265,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. obcordatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only endemic Tasmanian species not placed in Clades D or
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB4FFBDCD5EFA85AA63F963" box="[333,349,1300,1323]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCD7EFA85AA97F964" box="[365,425,1300,1324]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCDA4FA85AAEFF964" box="[439,465,1300,1324]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDD7FA85AAEFF964" bold="true" box="[452,465,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">d</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCDCCFA85AAD3F964" box="[479,493,1300,1324]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 5. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">5</figureCitation>
|
||
), and several widespread taxa, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCD1EFAA5A9B4F904" authority="var. eriocephalum" box="[269,650,1332,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="eriocephalum" variety="eriocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD1EFAA5AA82F904" bold="true" box="[269,444,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. eriocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDEBFAA5A9B4F904" bold="true" box="[504,650,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">eriocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE8AFAA5AA5CF923" authority="var. vexilliferum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="vexilliferum" variety="vexilliferum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE8AFAA5AB9CF923" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. vexilliferum</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCF3FAC2AA5CF923" bold="true" box="[224,354,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">vexilliferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCDB3FAC5A900F923" authorityName="MJB" authorityYear="2288" box="[416,574,1363,1388]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDB3FAC5A900F923" bold="true" box="[416,574,1363,1388]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. parvifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCE41FAC5A9ACF924" box="[594,658,1364,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCEB0FAC5A9CFF924" box="[675,753,1363,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[231,268,1814,1837]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,188,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-2@15.[231,1356,215,1784]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 3. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949894/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCEA2FAC2A980F923" bold="true" box="[689,702,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCEC3FAC2A9E6F923" bold="true" box="[720,728,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">f</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCEF9FAC5A9CFF924" bold="true" box="[746,753,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">j</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Accessions of each of these widespread taxa collected from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCC71FA05ABF5F9E4" box="[98,203,1428,1452]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
(and Flinders Island for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCDCAFA05A94AF9E4" authorityName="MJB" authorityYear="2288" box="[473,628,1428,1452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDCAFA05A94AF9E4" bold="true" box="[473,628,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. parvifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found within the same clade as samples of the same taxa from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCC71FA45AB87F9A4" box="[98,185,1492,1516]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DD8CBEFFB4FFBDCCC0FA45AA11F9A4" box="[211,303,1492,1516]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[153,217,210,233]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Voucher information for samples included in this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF20E98DFFA3FFAACC8AFF43A80EFCA1" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="DF20E98DFFA3FFAACC8AFF43A80EFCA1">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Similar patterns of recent gene-flow between
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCCD4FA65AA20FA44" box="[199,286,1524,1548]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCD49FA65AAFDFA44" box="[346,451,1524,1548]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
have been inferred in other plant groups, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCD79F982A9ACFA64" authority="Labill." authorityName="Labill." box="[362,658,1555,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD79F982A97DFA63" bold="true" box="[362,579,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Eucalyptus globulus</emphasis>
|
||
Labill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCEB0F985ABE3FA04" author="Freeman JS & Jackson HD & Steane DA & McKinnon GE & Dutkowski GW & Potts BM & Vaillancourt RE" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="585 - 596" refId="ref15496" refString="Freeman JS, Jackson HD, Steane DA, McKinnon GE, Dutkowski GW, Potts BM, Vaillancourt RE (2001) Chloroplast DNA phylogeography of Eucalyptus globulus. Australian Journal of Botany 49, 585 - 596. doi: 10.1071 / BT 00094" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Freeman
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC71F9A5ABADFA04" bold="true" box="[98,147,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCCE5F9A5A9C2FA04" authority="(Larcombe et al. 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Larcombe" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[246,764,1588,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hardenbergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCE5F9A5AAD1FA04" bold="true" box="[246,495,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Hardenbergia violacea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCE11F9A5A9CCFA04" author="Larcombe MJ & McKinnon GE & Vaillancourt RE" box="[514,754,1588,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="125 - 136" refId="ref16679" refString="Larcombe MJ, McKinnon GE, Vaillancourt RE (2011) Genetic evidence for the origins of range disjunctions in the Australian dry sclerophyll plant Hardenbergia violacea. Journal of Biogeography 38, 125 - 136. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2699.2010.02391. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Larcombe
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE64F9A5A996FA04" bold="true" box="[631,680,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCC71F9C5AA26FA24" authority="Andrews" authorityName="Andrews" box="[98,280,1620,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Correa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC71F9C5AB92FA24" bold="true" box="[98,172,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Correa</emphasis>
|
||
Andrews
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD38F9C5AAC0FA24" author="French PA & Brown GK & Bayly MJ" box="[299,510,1619,1644]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="447 - 468" refId="ref15542" refString="French PA, Brown GK, Bayly MJ (2016) Incongruent patterns of nuclear and chloroplast variation in Correa (Rutaceae): introgression and biogeography in south-eastern Australia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 302, 447 - 468. doi: 10.1007 / s 00606 - 016 - 1277 - 7" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
French
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD92F9C5AA8AFA23" bold="true" box="[385,436,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE0AF9C5A83CFA24" authority="Sm." authorityName="Sm." box="[537,770,1620,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zieria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="veronicea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE0AF9C5A9F2FA24" bold="true" box="[537,716,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Zieria veronicea</emphasis>
|
||
Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCC78F9E5AA1FFAC4" author="Neal WC & James EA & Bayly MJ" box="[107,289,1651,1676]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="503 - 520" refId="ref17168" refString="Neal WC, James EA, Bayly MJ (2019) Phylogeography, classification and conservation of pink zieria (Zieria veronicea; Rutaceae): influence of changes in climate, geology and sea level in south-eastern Australia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305, 503 - 520. doi: 10.1007 / s 00606 - 019 - 01589 - z" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Neal
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCB5F9E5ABE9FAC3" bold="true" box="[166,215,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCD29F9E2A984FAC4" authority="(McLay et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="McLay" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[314,698,1651,1676]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD29F9E2AAEFFAC3" bold="true" box="[314,465,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Xanthorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCDF7F9E5A98EFAC4" author="McLay TGB & Ladiges PY & Doyle SR & Bayly MJ" box="[484,688,1651,1676]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="206 - 225" refId="ref16805" refString="McLay TGB, Ladiges PY, Doyle SR, Bayly MJ (2021) Phylogeographic patterns of the Australian grass trees (Xanthorrhoea Asphodelaceae) shown using targeted amplicon sequencing. Australian Systematic Botany 34, 206 - 225. doi: 10.1071 / SB 20013" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
McLay
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE25F9E5A959FAC3" bold="true" box="[566,615,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a range of other species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD70F905A919FAE4" author="Worth JRP & Holland BR & Beeton NJ & Schonfeld B & Rossetto M & Vaillancourt RE & Jordan GJ" box="[355,551,1684,1708]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="539 - 549" refId="ref18150" refString="Worth JRP, Holland BR, Beeton NJ, Schonfeld B, Rossetto M, Vaillancourt RE, Jordan GJ (2017) Habitat type and dispersal mode underlie the capacity for plant migration across an intermittent seaway. Annals of Botany 120, 539 - 549. doi: 10.1093 / aob / mcx 086" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Worth
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCDBCF905AAE1FAE4" bold="true" box="[431,479,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Evidence suggests that at least some areas of the Bassian Plain were covered in eucalypt woodland habitat (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCD82F945A937FAA4" author="Hope GS" box="[401,521,1748,1772]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="493 - 514" refId="ref15839" refString="Hope GS (1978) The late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetational history of Hunter Island, north-western Tasmania. Australian Journal of Botany 26, 493 - 514. doi: 10.1071 / BT 9780493" type="journal article" year="1978">Hope 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCE06F945A973FAA4" author="Hope GS" box="[533,589,1748,1772]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="368 - 389" refId="ref15874" refString="Hope GS (1994) Quaternary vegetation. In ' History of the Australian vegetation: Cretaceous to recent'. (Ed. GS Hope) pp. 368 - 389. (University of Adelaide Press: Adelaide, SA, Australia)" type="book chapter" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCEC4F4FFB4FFBDCE4AF945ABD3FB44" author="Kirkpatrick JB & Fowler M" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" pagination="171 - 182" refId="ref16581" refString="Kirkpatrick JB, Fowler M (1998) Locating likely glacial forest refugia in Tasmania using palynological and ecological information to test alternative climatic models. Biological Conservation 85, 171 - 182. doi: 10.1016 / S 0006 - 3207 (97) 00144 - 4" type="journal article" year="1998">Kirkpatrick and Fowler 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which could have been suitable for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE9EF965ABACFB63" authorityName="MJB" authorityYear="2288" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE9EF965ABACFB63" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. parvifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCCB6F885A933FB63" authority="var. vexilliferum" box="[165,525,1811,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="vexilliferum" variety="vexilliferum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCCB6F885AA76FB63" bold="true" box="[165,328,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. vexilliferum</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCD98F882A933FB63" bold="true" box="[395,525,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">vexilliferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCE5DF885AAE2FB04" authority="var. eriocephalum (VicFlora 2018)" authorityName="var. eriocephalum (VicFlora" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="VicFlora" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="eriocephalum" variety="eriocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCE5DF885A83FFB63" bold="true" box="[590,769,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. eriocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCC80F8A2AA1BFB03" bold="true" box="[147,293,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">eriocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
(VicFlora 2018)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e. potentially facilitating over-land rather than over-water dispersal between
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCEB8F8C5A83CFB24" box="[683,770,1876,1900]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499B77E7FFB4FFBDCC81F8E5ABC0FBC4" box="[146,254,1908,1932]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB4FFBDCF21FE60AE0AFE45" blockId="20.[818,1332,497,525]" box="[818,1332,497,525]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<heading id="D0A80E69FFB4FFBDCF21FE60AE0AFE45" bold="true" box="[818,1332,497,525]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" reason="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCF21FE60AE0AFE45" bold="true" box="[818,1332,497,525]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Review of circumscriptions of species</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE0B905FFB4FFBDCF21FDB5AE30F873" blockId="20.[818,1490,548,1084]" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">
|
||
The molecular phylogenies support the circumscriptions of several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCF9AFDD2A8C7FE13" ID-CoL="7LPW" authority="Fenzl" authorityName="Fenzl" box="[905,1017,579,603]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCF9AFDD2A8C7FE13" bold="true" box="[905,1017,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Spyridium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, but raise questions about others.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4E21C0FFB4FFBDCF21FDF5A87DFE34" box="[818,835,612,636]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
quarter of the taxa represented by more than one accession were identified as monophyletic in the nrDNA phylogeny, with approximately one-third being resolved as polyphyletic, and the remainder being unresolved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDC99BFD55AEF4FE94" box="[1416,1482,708,732]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DD8CBEFFB4FFBDCF21FD75A8B9FEB4" box="[818,903,740,764]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="21.[98,162,181,204]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 3. Summary of resolution of taxa comparing the nrDNA phylogeny to the cpDNA trees." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF20E98DFFB5FFBCCC71FF24AAA5FCA1" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="DF20E98DFFB5FFBCCC71FF24AAA5FCA1">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Of the monophyletic taxa resolved in the nrDNA tree, several were also found to be monophyletic in the cpDNA phylogeny (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDC85AFCB5AFD2FF73" box="[1097,1260,803,828]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obcordatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDC85AFCB5AFD2FF73" bold="true" box="[1097,1260,803,828]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. obcordatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDC8ECFCB5AEA2FF73" box="[1279,1436,803,828]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scortechinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDC8ECFCB5AEA2FF73" bold="true" box="[1279,1436,803,828]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. scortechinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCF21FCD5A8F6FF13" box="[818,968,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCF21FCD5A8F6FF13" bold="true" box="[818,968,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. montanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), providing additional support for these circumscriptions of species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDC84AFCF5AFA5FF34" box="[1113,1179,868,892]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 5. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DD8CBEFFB4FFBDC8BFFCF5AE3CFF34" box="[1196,1282,868,892]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="21.[98,162,181,204]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 3. Summary of resolution of taxa comparing the nrDNA phylogeny to the cpDNA trees." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF20E98DFFB5FFBCCC71FF24AAA5FCA1" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="DF20E98DFFB5FFBCCC71FF24AAA5FCA1">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Of the polyphyletic taxa in the nrDNA phylogeny, two of the most notable were distributed across disparate clades, namely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDC979FC35A8BDFF93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eriocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDC979FC35A8BDFF93" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. eriocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5FC286FFB4FFBDCFAEFC55AF6AFF93" box="[957,1108,963,988]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Spyridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phylicoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92B6517FFB4FFBDCFAEFC55AF6AFF93" bold="true" box="[957,1108,963,988]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">S. phylicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDC875FC55AF98FF94" box="[1126,1190,964,988]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[242,279,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[242,1346,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 2. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Given that both of these species were also resolved in separate clades in the cpDNA tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1364A580FFB4FFBDCF7DFB95A890F854" box="[878,942,1028,1052]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[246,283,1783,1806]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[246,1342,185,1753]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 5. (Caption on next page)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10949904/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="115">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), they are discussed in more detail below, along with several associated phrase-name taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |