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<document id="ECF55E4867D5310F87AF28F3DDAFFA88" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4784375" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621895085971" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Luo, Zong-Long, Yang, Jing, Liu, Jian-Kui, Su, Hong-Yan, Bahkali, Ali H. &amp; Hyde, Kevin D." docDate="2016" docId="03F5879B184CFF9D1EE6F93BFB8EC504" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.270.3.182-190.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 270 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Helicascus chiangraiensis Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="186" masterDocId="FFCCFFE3184FFF991E6EFFAFFFFEC25F" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Helicascus (Morosphaeriaceae) from submerged wood in northern Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="190" masterPageNumber="182" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1698940799686" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="584FD0478FAD2B18F974781A078B99EC">Two new species of Helicascus (Morosphaeriaceae) from submerged wood in northern Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AA252FE2EA08381A525FE5B577DC4754">Luo, Zong-Long</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6AA917F844D6835258D8C52BC33242A8">College of Agriculture &amp; Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan Province, PR China. &amp; Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="608D16FCD1CAF2B1A52ED2BED8828ED6">Yang, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="62EB3C0A5FAF7B80D95CA05531450D4A">Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. &amp; Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province 550006, PR China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1D9C4CDAFE29FA189590F3F517F8B91D">Liu, Jian-Kui</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="48958E1E971FC60A8C3DA7E46E4C727B">Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province 550006, PR China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="03E2AA45AC3D0196EFFD4A7DB8331923">Su, Hong-Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="861D4AD9E91AFFBA77F1F5A03A6A2EB3">College of Agriculture &amp; Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan Province, PR China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="49CD06D0C63C817DC4B453E331F8CD69">Bahkali, Ali H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="90A2E318AD5FFEB195A513C81F97DF61">Hyde, Kevin D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DDC846CDEC7EBACC938E52570F4E778B">Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9B5C996E0E714B2442B4C3400A6FAF83">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3F4B889B46408170E7E9006DF8184CDB">2016</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BE3368D184CFF9A1EE6F93BFB8CC4F1" blockId="3.[136,1138,1684,1711]" box="[136,1138,1684,1711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<heading id="D0AB81E1184CFF9A1EE6F93BFB8CC4F1" box="[136,1138,1684,1711]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184CFF9A1EE6F93BFC74C4F1" ID-CoL="3K68P" authority="Z.L. Luo, J.K Liu, H.Y. Su &amp; K.D. Hyde" authorityName="Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,906,1684,1711]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chiangraiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1EE6F93BFE49C4F0" bold="true" box="[136,439,1684,1711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Helicascus chiangraiensis</emphasis>
Z.L. Luo, J.K Liu, H.Y. Su &amp; K.D. Hyde
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1DFBF93AFC14C4F1" box="[917,1002,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57E4184CFF9A1DFBF93AFC14C4F1" box="[917,1002,1685,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13672A08184CFF9A1D9EF93BFB8CC4F1" box="[1008,1138,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,245,1497,1523]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,463,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-120@4.[416,1172,463,1473]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Helicascus chiangraiensis (MFLU 150084, holotype) a. Specimen; b. Appearance of black cirrhus of ascospores on surface of host; c. Section of ascoma; d. Longitudinal section of ascoma; e, f. Section of peridium; g. Paraphyses. hj; Asci; ko. Ascospores; p. Germinating ascospore; qr. Culture grow on PDA after 3 weeks, q. upper side, r. reverse side. Scale bars: d = 150 μm; eg = 25 μm; hj = 30 μm; kp = 10 μm; q, r = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4784384/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1D9EF93BFB8CC4F1" bold="true" box="[1008,1138,1684,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184CFF9A1EE6F913FD19C48E" blockId="3.[136,743,1724,1782]" box="[136,743,1724,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<materialsCitation id="3B343CD0184CFF9A1EE6F913FD19C48E" accessionNumber="IF 552003" box="[136,743,1724,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1">Index Fungorum: IF 552003; Facesoffungi number: FoF 02019</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466506184CFF9D1EE6F94FFECEC312" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184CFF9A1EE6F94FFD60C4AA" blockId="3.[136,743,1724,1782]" box="[136,670,1760,1782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1EE6F94FFF11C4AA" box="[136,239,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Etymology</emphasis>
: With reference to the location of this taxon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184CFF9D1EE6F88BFECEC312" blockId="3.[136,1452,1828,2071]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,161,442]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1EE6F88BFF12C561" box="[136,236,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Saprobic</emphasis>
on decaying, submerged wood in freshwater.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1D66F88BFC50C560" bold="true" box="[776,942,1828,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Sexual morph</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1DAEF88BFBA7C561" box="[960,1113,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Ascostromata</emphasis>
240270 μm diam, 340550 μm high, solitary, scattered, black, immersed, unilocular, globose to subglobose, ostiole central.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1AACF8E7FAD4C53D" box="[1218,1322,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Peridium</emphasis>
3050 μm, subhyaline to dark brown, composed of several layers of pseudoparenchymatous cells, outer layer dark brown, with thick-walled cells, arranged in a
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1F9BF83EFD49C5F5" box="[501,695,1936,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">textura angularis</emphasis>
, inner layer hyaline with flattened, thin-walled cells.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1B60F83FFA55C5F5" box="[1294,1451,1936,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Hamathecium</emphasis>
composed of septate, hypha-like pseudoparaphyses, 1.52.5 μm wide, slightly constricted at the septa, ramified above asci with free ends, embedded in a gel matrix.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1CCCF877FD2CC5AD" box="[674,722,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Asci</emphasis>
77146 × 1619 μm (
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184CFF9A1DB4F879FC17C5B3" box="[986,1001,2006,2028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">x</emphasis>
= 111.5 × 17.5 μm, n = 20), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate, apically rounded, dehiscence, endoascus narrow, coiled within ectoascus, ectoascus forming a long tail extension.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1FBAFF0BFDADC2E1" box="[468,595,164,190]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Ascospores</emphasis>
24.527.5 × 8.510.5 μm (
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1DEDFF0EFC6CC2E8" box="[899,914,161,183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">x</emphasis>
= 26 × 9.5 μm, n = 20), obliquely uniseriate and partially overlapping, ellipsoid-fusiform, verruculose, upper end narrowly rounded, lower end tapering, slightly curved in side view, with 24 large refractive guttules, 1-euseptate, septum submedian, hyaline when young, becoming brown when mature, thick-walled, verruculose, slightly constricted at the septum, surrounded by sheath.
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1A9EFEA0FA5DC375" bold="true" box="[1264,1443,271,298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Asexual morph</emphasis>
: Undetermined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466506184BFF9D1ED3FEF8FB8EC504" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184BFF9D1ED3FEF8FDF6C3E5" blockId="4.[136,1452,161,442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1ED3FEF8FE5DC32E" bold="true" box="[189,419,343,369]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Material examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B343CD0184BFF9D1FAAFEF7FDFAC3E5" collectingDate="2013-10" collectionCode="DLUCC" country="Thailand" location="Asanka Bandara" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" specimenCode="MFLU 15-0084, MFLUCC 13-0883, HKAS 86459" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Rai" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F34B761D184BFF9D1FAAFEF7FDA5C32D" box="[452,603,344,370]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4998F86F184BFF9D1C07FEF8FCA5C32E" box="[617,859,343,369]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Rai" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Chiang Rai Province</collectingRegion>
, saprobic on decaying wood submerged in a pond,
<date id="FFE2104D184BFF9D1EE6FED4FED4C3C9" box="[136,298,379,406]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" value="2013-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9A5184BFF9D1EE6FED4FED4C3C9" box="[136,298,379,406]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" value="2013-10">October 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1F54FED4FE05C3CA" box="[314,507,379,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
<location id="8E836056184BFF9D1F54FED4FE05C3CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5879B184CFF9D1EE6F93BFB8EC504:8E836056184BFF9D1F54FED4FE05C3CA" box="[314,507,379,405]" country="Thailand" name="Asanka Bandara" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" stateProvince="Chiang Rai">Asanka Bandara</location>
</emphasis>
, ZL-11 (
<specimenCode id="DBFA9EF6184BFF9D1C06FED3FCD7C3C9" box="[616,809,379,406]" collectionCode="MFLU" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/672j-mk16" name="Mae Fah Laung University Herbarium" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">MFLU 150084</specimenCode>
,
<typeStatus id="54E7882F184BFF9D1D57FED4FC5EC3C9" box="[825,928,379,406]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
); ex-type living culture,
<specimenCode id="DBFA9EF6184BFF9D1AA6FED3FA58C3C9" box="[1224,1446,380,406]" collectionCode="MFLUCC" country="Thailand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gsgf-e23h" name="Mae Fah Luang University Culture Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">MFLUCC 13-0883</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4DAE48184BFF9D1EE6FE0FFF15C3E5" box="[136,235,416,442]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">DLUCC</collectionCode>
; (
<specimenCode id="DBFA9EF6184BFF9D1E93FE0FFE65C3E5" box="[253,411,415,442]" collectionCode="HKAS" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/di2a-40jb" name="Cryptogamic Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">HKAS 86459</specimenCode>
, isotype)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF236605184BFF9D1EE6FA76FB14C43F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4784384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4784384/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" startId="4.[136,245,1497,1523]" targetBox="[416,1172,463,1473]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184BFF9D1EE6FA76FB14C43F" blockId="4.[136,1452,1497,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1EE6FA76FEEDC7AC" bold="true" box="[136,275,1497,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1F75FA76FDBAC7AC" authorityName="Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde" authorityYear="2016" box="[283,580,1497,1523]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chiangraiensis">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1F75FA76FDBAC7AC" box="[283,580,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Helicascus chiangraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MFLU 150084, holotype) a. Specimen; b. Appearance of black cirrhus of ascospores on surface of host; c. Section of ascoma; d. Longitudinal section of ascoma; e, f. Section of peridium; g. Paraphyses. hj; Asci; ko. Ascospores; p. Germinating ascospore; qr. Culture grow on PDA after 3 weeks, q. upper side,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1EADF9E9FED4C43F" box="[195,298,1606,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="reverse">r. reverse</taxonomicName>
side. Scale bars: d = 150 μm; eg = 25 μm; hj = 30 μm; kp = 10 μm; q, r = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE3368D184BFF9D1ED3F921FB8EC504" blockId="4.[136,1452,1677,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1ED3F921FF03C4F8" box="[189,253,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Notes</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1F4FF922FDBBC4F8" authorityName="Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde" authorityYear="2016" box="[289,581,1677,1703]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chiangraiensis">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1F4FF922FDBBC4F8" box="[289,581,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Helicascus chiangraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected from decaying wood submerged in a pond in
<collectingRegion id="4998F86F184BFF9D1AACF922FA59C4F8" box="[1218,1447,1677,1703]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Rai" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Chiang Rai Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34B761D184BFF9D1EE6F91EFF11C494" box="[136,239,1713,1739]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. According to the key provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B7C184BFF9D1C15F91EFCA9C494" author="Zhang, H. &amp; Hyde, K. D. &amp; Abdel-Wahab, M. A. &amp; Abdel-Aziz, F. A. &amp; Ariyawansa, H. A. &amp; KoKo, T. W. &amp; Zhao, R. L. &amp; Alias, S. A. &amp; Bahkali, A. H. &amp; Zhou, D. Q." box="[635,855,1713,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref7042" refString="Zhang, H., Hyde, K. D., Abdel-Wahab, M. A., Abdel-Aziz, F. A., Ariyawansa, H. A., KoKo, T. W., Zhao, R. L., Alias, S. A., Bahkali, A. H. &amp; Zhou, D. Q. (2013) A modern concept for Helicascus with a Pleurophomopsis-like asexual state. Sydowia 65 (1): 147 - 166." type="journal article" year="2013">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1CA4F91DFD05C494" box="[714,763,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1D0DF91DFBD4C494" authorityName="Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde" authorityYear="2016" box="[867,1066,1713,1739]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chiangraiensis">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1D0DF91DFBD4C494" box="[867,1066,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">H. chiangraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1AD0F91DFA98C494" box="[1214,1382,1714,1739]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aegyptiacus">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1AD0F91DFA98C494" box="[1214,1382,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">H. aegyptiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its coiled endoascus, verruculose ascospores surrounded by a gelatinous sheath and both are collected from freshwater habitats. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1F0EF955FDD8C54C" authorityName="Z. L. Luo, J. K Liu, H. Y. Su &amp; K. D. Hyde" authorityYear="2016" box="[352,550,1785,1811]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chiangraiensis">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1F0EF955FDD8C54C" box="[352,550,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">H. chiangraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1CD6F955FC9EC54C" box="[696,864,1786,1811]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aegyptiacus">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1CD6F955FC9EC54C" box="[696,864,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">H. aegyptiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having unilocular, smaller ascostromata, while
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D0E184BFF9D1BFEF955FEF0C568" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Morosphaeriaceae" genus="Helicascus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="4" pageNumber="186" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aegyptiacus">
<emphasis id="B928EA9F184BFF9D1BFEF955FEF0C568" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="186">H. aegyptiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a longer ascostromata, pseudostromata with 23(4) dark locules (
<tableCitation id="C6DE0336184BFF9D1A73F8B2FB8BC568" box="[1053,1141,1821,1847]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,224,159,183]" captionText="TABLE 2. Habitat and morphological comparison among species of Helicascus (data from Kohlmeyer 1969, Hyde 1991, Shearer 1993, Zhang et al. 2013, 2014, 2015)." pageId="4" pageNumber="186">Table 2</tableCitation>
). In addition, the molecular analysis also showed that these two species are phylogenetically distinct from each other.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>