129 lines
17 KiB
XML
129 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="7AC44248391C47C3B76C14634F71DB3F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3666.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35615276-4024-448b-baf6-a96a0697b933" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="220054" ID-ZooBank="4951C68A-93C4-4777-B7D4-D7D657AE1DBC" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460623009869" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mullins, Patricia L., Riley, Edward G. & Oswald, John D." docDate="2013" docId="03BDFF506D145070B7A4FAF4FAE9FD3A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03666p251.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3666 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nicrophorus orbicollis Say 1825" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="235" masterDocId="FF8487286D19507EB733FFE5FFEEFFF6" masterDocTitle="Identification, distribution, and adult phenology of the carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Texas" masterLastPageNumber="251" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="234" updateTime="1698334092548" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1491E041A3C292165241D01564D45EB2">
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<mods:title id="92039EE939B47C00603662A6D117ED29">Identification, distribution, and adult phenology of the carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5A86440C35E5C7A7C41A24A91D694F67" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3D2FC9C30970F0B23C3B29F7C62ECF17">Mullins, Patricia L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC7BD863E94DC80BC6721300A7009724">Riley, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0873BC42B0507C843E36433AE240CD13">Oswald, John D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5BE877E0A63C35CFEA7F8DF29BD3F028">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C268381EB1454C8F293F5869935C009B">
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<mods:date id="4968CBA6A02B3921F53B95468E7976DE">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DECCB9931AF67CF65857AA3810D90B62">3666</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="EC26E99F467088B23D120A6E2C5D7173" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3666.2.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BDFF506D145070B7A4FAF4FAE9FD3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6149471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125814708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6149471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFF506D145070B7A4FAF4FAE9FD3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDFF506D145070B7A4FAF4FAE9FD3A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D145073B7A4FAF4FC5FFA64" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7A4FAF4FDCAFADC" blockId="13.[151,548,1296,1356]" box="[151,548,1296,1323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<heading id="D0E3F92A6D145073B7A4FAF4FDCAFADC" bold="true" box="[151,548,1296,1323]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D145073B7A4FAF4FDCAFADC" authority="Say, 1825" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,548,1296,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Nicrophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbicollis">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7A4FAF4FDCAFADC" bold="true" box="[151,548,1296,1323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7A4FAF4FE49FADD" bold="true" box="[151,423,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Nicrophorus orbicollis</emphasis>
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Say, 1825
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7A4FAD1FE81FABA" blockId="13.[151,548,1296,1356]" box="[151,367,1332,1356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B7A4FAD1FF1DFABA" box="[151,243,1332,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 17" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1063,1086]" captionTargetBox="[169,1415,351,1030]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1042]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 17. Details of Texas Silphidae. 12. Nicrophorus tomentosus, tarsal empodium bisetose; 13. Nicrophorus marginatus, yellow pubescence of posterior lobe of metepimeron, no hairs on dorsal surface of elytra; 14. Nicrophorus marginatus, pronotum. 15. Nicrophorus orbicollis, posterior lobe of metepimeron glabrous, long hairs on dorsal surface of elytra; 16. Nicrophorus pustulatus, pronotum; 17. Nicrophorus mexicanus, pronotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220057/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B7CCFAD1FEF3FABA" box="[255,285,1332,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 30" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,458,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,445,1526]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 30. Habitus of Texas Nicrophorus. 24, N. americanus; 25, N. carolinus; 26, N. marginatus; 27, N. mexicanus; 28, N. pustulatus; 29, N. orbicollis; 30, N. tomentosus. All scale bars = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220059/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">29</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B61AFAD1FEA9FABA" box="[297,327,1332,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,201,1375]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1384]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 42. Adult seasonality profiles based on occurrence records for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 37, Nicrophorus americanus; 38, N. carolinus; 39, N. marginatus; 40, N. mexicanus; 41, N. orbicollis; 42, N. pustulatus. For an explanation of occurrence record calculations, see Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220061/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">41</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B660FAD1FE81FABA" box="[339,367,1332,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 50 – 55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1983,2006]" captionTargetBox="[178,1400,191,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[153,1437,173,1972]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 50 – 55. Distribution maps for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 50, Nicrophorus americanus; 51, N. carolinus; 52, N. marginatu s; 53, N. mexicanus; 54, N. orbicollis; 55, N. pustulatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220064/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">54</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7A4FA99FC5FFA64" blockId="13.[151,945,1403,1426]" box="[151,945,1403,1426]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D145073B7A4FA99FDF1FA67" authority="Say, 1825: 177" authorityName="Say" authorityPageNumber="177" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,543,1403,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbicollis">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7A4FA99FE6FFA64" box="[151,385,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Necrophorus orbicollis</emphasis>
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Say, 1825: 177
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</taxonomicName>
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(see Sikes
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B5A2FA98FD2BFA64" box="[657,709,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">et al.</emphasis>
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(2002) for synonymy).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D145073B7A4FA5BFE48F8EC" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7A4FA5BFAEBF924" blockId="13.[151,1437,1470,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7A4FA5BFEFFFA20" bold="true" box="[151,273,1470,1495]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity id="4CECE3A36D145073B682FA5BFDC1FA20" box="[433,559,1470,1494]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="13.0">13–24 mm</quantity>
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, entirely black except for anterior and posterior elytral maculae red-orange; epipleuron entirely black, anteriorly glabrous; anterior and posterior elytral maculae not joined laterally; anterior elytral maculae transverse with borders incised, reaching epipleural ridge, not reaching elytral suture; posterior elytral macula weakly transverse to almost round with borders not incised, not reaching epipleuron or suture. Antennal club orange with basal segment black. Pronotum orbicular with transverse anterior impression, disc glabrous, lateral margins broad. Dorsal surface of elytron with long conspicuous hairs, especially laterally. Epipleural ridge obliterated well before point below humerus. Lateral portion of metasternum sparsely covered with brownish hairs. Posterior lobe of metepimeron glabrous or nearly so. Tarsal empodium bisetose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7FAF93AFE48F8EC" blockId="13.[151,1437,1470,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7FAF93AFEF2F900" bold="true" box="[201,284,1759,1783]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Range.</emphasis>
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Nova
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<collectingCountry id="F3030ED66D145073B658F93BFE5FF900" box="[363,433,1758,1782]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Scotia</collectingCountry>
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south to Florida, west to Saskatchewan, Nebraska, and Texas (Anderson & Peck 1985, Peck & Kaulbars 1987).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D145070B7FAF8C2FAE9FD3A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145073B7FAF8C2FD68F838" blockId="13.[151,1437,1470,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7FAF8C2FE47F8C9" bold="true" box="[201,425,1830,1855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Texas distribution.</emphasis>
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See
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B6D2F8C3FDDAF8C8" box="[481,564,1830,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 50 – 55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1983,2006]" captionTargetBox="[178,1400,191,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[153,1437,173,1972]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 50 – 55. Distribution maps for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 50, Nicrophorus americanus; 51, N. carolinus; 52, N. marginatu s; 53, N. mexicanus; 54, N. orbicollis; 55, N. pustulatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220064/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
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. This species is confined to the Texan and Austroriparian biotic provinces of Texas. It occurs in the following Texas vegetational areas: pineywoods, gulf coast prairies and marshes, post oak savannah and blackland prairies. Confirmed counties (16): Anderson,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D145073B497F88BFC64F85C" authority="Fannin, Harris, Harrison, Houston, Jasper, Lamar, Madison, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Sabine" authorityName="Fannin, Harris, Harrison, Houston, Jasper, Lamar, Madison, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Sabine" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Dermateaceae" genus="Angelina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Helotiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Angelina, Fannin, Harris, Harrison, Houston, Jasper, Lamar, Madison, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Sabine</taxonomicName>
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, San Jacinto, Tyler, Walker. Collections: BRC, EGRC, PLM, SFAC, SHSU, TAMU, UTIC.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D145070B7FAF83FFEBEFF22" blockId="13.[151,1437,1470,2035]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,716]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D145073B7FAF83FFE27F805" bold="true" box="[201,457,2010,2035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Seasonality in Texas.</emphasis>
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See
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D145073B53AF83FFD8EF804" box="[521,608,2010,2034]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,201,1375]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1384]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 42. Adult seasonality profiles based on occurrence records for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 37, Nicrophorus americanus; 38, N. carolinus; 39, N. marginatus; 40, N. mexicanus; 41, N. orbicollis; 42, N. pustulatus. For an explanation of occurrence record calculations, see Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220061/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
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. The adult seasonality profile of this species (based on 87 occurrence records: Appendix I) is unimodal, with collection records beginning in spring and trailing off in the fall with a large peak in summer.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAFF3AFE43FEC9" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7FAFF3AFE65FF0E" bold="true" box="[201,395,223,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Biological notes.</emphasis>
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Anderson and Peck (1985) report that adults of this species are nocturnal and found in open, though more commonly, in forested habitats. In Kansas, this species is found equally in wooded areas and sandy areas (Lingafelter 1995).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAFEA8FAE9FD3A" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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Data from examined labels. Collecting methods: black light trap, 15 W black light, black light/ultraviolet light trap, hanging carrion trap, carrion trap, bait trap, pit-fall trap, Malaise trap, flight intercept trap, chicken feather trap, ground-level flight intercept trap. Habitat records: beech–magnolia [Malaise], pine forest [Malaise and flight intercept trap],
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D175070B671FE5DFE43FE26" box="[322,429,440,464]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Osmundaceae" genus="Osmunda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Osmundales" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B671FE5DFE43FE26" box="[322,429,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Osmunda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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bog [Malaise trap and flight intercept trap],
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D175070B4AFFE5CFBFCFE26" box="[924,1042,441,464]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B4AFFE5CFBFCFE26" box="[924,1042,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Equisetum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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bog [Malaise trap], sandy meadow [pit-fall trap]. Carrion records: snake [hanging carrion trap], squirrel [hanging carrion trap], on dead chicken. Miscellaneous: on firing range [black light/UV light trap]. Most specimens from Texas were collected using passive collecting methods, such as malaise traps and flight intercept traps. A few of the Texas specimens were collected at night by light traps. This species is confined to the eastern forested vegetational areas of Texas. Wilson and Fudge (1984) and Trumbo (1991, 1992) published on the reproductive behavior of this species. Trumbo (1990a) published on the ecology of this species in the southeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3030ED66D175070B4A0FD6AFBC2FD51" box="[915,1068,655,679]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">United States</collectingCountry>
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. Milne and Milne (1944) studied the behavior of this species in the field. Anderson (1982) discussed the natural history of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |