197 lines
28 KiB
XML
197 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="28E3B048AB56C6ABC93B51E367955B47" ID-CLB-Dataset="32399" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="843325" ID-ZooBank="EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502790552672" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles" docDate="2017" docId="03FE87F0FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD26F8B4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4296.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4296 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phyllacanthus imperialis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFC7FF88FFA7FFDCFFC0FF97FFC9FFF3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698466659567" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DA3597C83F01A3E09A01AF30A46B6352">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD0AAABB045E3D73C9FC78E9485A5D03">Filander, Zoleka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F44953066CC67191B02CB12735839B54">Griffiths, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E069FFC95333F0ABFC542BE5DCCF6FF5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D1B59519963A66D29F9A9E0881FAD89D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B947491510219CBD947260F698826352">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="15674798AF29D3CF63AB06DDC4234808">4296</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD26F8B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022580" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD26F8B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD26F8B4" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FED5FC73" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD78FCAC" blockId="13.[151,689,837,896]" box="[151,689,837,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0A0818AFFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD78FCAC" bold="true" box="[151,689,837,863]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FD78FCAC" bold="true" box="[151,689,837,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FCD2FF6FFCAC" bold="true" box="[151,166,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">*</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FF6DFCD2FD78FCAC" ID-CoL="4GZK5" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[173,689,837,863]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Phyllacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperialis">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF6DFCD2FE13FCAC" bold="true" box="[173,474,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phyllacanthus imperialis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FE2AFCD2FD60FCAC" author="Lamarck" box="[490,681,837,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Lamarck, J. B. (1816) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leur classes, leurs familles, leurs generes, et le citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent; precedee d'une introduction offrant la d´etermination des caracteres essentiells de l'animal, sa distinction du vegetal et des autres corps naturels, enfin, l'exposition des principes fondamentaux de la Zoologie. Tome Troisieme. Verdiere, Paris, 586 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FCF0FED5FC73" blockId="13.[151,689,837,896]" box="[151,284,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FF57FCF0FF11FC73" box="[151,216,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[366,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[340,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843341/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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A–B.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF57FC38FABCFBD1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FC38FDB8FC36" blockId="13.[151,1436,943,1058]" box="[151,625,943,965]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFAAFFD1FF57FC38FDB8FC36" box="[151,625,943,965]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FF57FC38FDA4FC36" ID-CoL="VBBM" authority=": A. Agassiz, 1863: 17" authorityName="A. Agassiz" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,621,943,965]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Phyllacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fustigera">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FC38FE41FC36" box="[151,392,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phyllacanthus fustigera</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FE55FC27FDA4FC36" author="Agassiz" box="[405,621,943,965]" page="17" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FE55FC27FD8EFC36" author="Agassiz" box="[405,583,943,965]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Agassiz, A. (1863) List of the echinoderms sent to different institutions in exchange for other specimens, with annotations. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 1, 253 - 308." type="journal article" year="1863">A. Agassiz, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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: 17
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FC59FABCFBD1" blockId="13.[151,1436,943,1058]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFAAFFD1FF57FC59FABCFBD1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FF57FC59FD47FC17" ID-CoL="4GZK5" authority=": A. Agassiz, 1872: 151" authorityName=": A. Agassiz" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1872" box="[151,654,974,996]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Phyllacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperialis">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FC59FE5FFC17" box="[151,406,974,996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phyllacanthus imperialis</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FE65FC58FD47FC17" author="Agassiz" box="[421,654,974,996]" page="151" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1872">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FE65FC58FD92FC17" author="Agassiz" box="[421,603,974,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Agassiz, A. (1872) Revision of the Echini. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3, 1 - 378." type="journal article" year="1872">A. Agassiz, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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: 151
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 391. Pl. I,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FCC8FC59FCADFC17" box="[776,868,974,996]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1227,1249]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionStartId-4="11.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionStartId-5="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1430,448,1187]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetBox-2="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetBox-3="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetBox-4="[344,1242,451,1221]" captionTargetBox-5="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,445,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetId-4="figure@11.[340,1247,447,1225]" captionTargetId-5="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Detail of regular echinoid: upper (Stomopneustes variolaris) and lower (Stereocidaris excavata) side, showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/843335/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 1–6</figureCitation>
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, Pl. I,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FC6AFC59FC21FC17" box="[938,1000,974,996]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FC36FC59FB0EFC17" author="Doderlein" box="[1014,1223,974,996]" page="98" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FC36FC59FB69FC17" author="Doderlein" box="[1014,1184,974,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Doderlein, L. (1906) Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition, 5, 61 - 290." type="journal article" year="1906">Döderlein, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 98
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Pl. XL,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FAE7FC59FAAFFC17" box="[1319,1382,974,996]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionTargetBox="[344,1242,451,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1247,447,1225]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843335/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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. a–e;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FF07FC79FE7CFBF0" author="Mortensen" box="[199,437,1005,1027]" page="504" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FF07FC79FE4AFBF0" author="Mortensen" box="[199,387,1005,1027]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp." type="book" year="1928" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen, 1928a</bibRefCitation>
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: 504
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</treatmentCitation>
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–509. Pl. LIV,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FD8EFC7AFD44FBF0" box="[590,653,1005,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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, Pl. LVII,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FD3BFC7AFCF0FBF0" box="[763,825,1005,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionTargetBox="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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, Pl. LXXIV,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FC03FC7AFBC8FBF0" box="[963,1025,1005,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionTargetBox="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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, Pl. LXXXVIII,
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||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FB72FC7AFADEFBF0" box="[1202,1303,1005,1027]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStart-4="FIGURE 8" captionStart-5="FIGURE 9" captionStart-6="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionStartId-3="13.[151,250,524,546]" captionStartId-4="13.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionStartId-5="14.[151,250,1389,1411]" captionStartId-6="15.[151,250,846,868]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetBox-1="[344,1242,451,1221]" captionTargetBox-2="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetBox-3="[366,1246,193,502]" captionTargetBox-4="[366,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetBox-5="[369,1244,719,1364]" captionTargetBox-6="[368,1245,198,821]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[340,1247,447,1225]" captionTargetId-2="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetId-3="figure@13.[340,1247,193,502]" captionTargetId-4="figure@13.[340,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetId-5="figure@14.[340,1247,717,1368]" captionTargetId-6="figure@15.[340,1247,195,824]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionTargetPageId-5="14" captionTargetPageId-6="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-4="FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen." captionText-5="FIGURE 9. Goniocidaris (Goniocidaris) indica: A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (SAMC- A 23089). C. Side view of preserved specimen (SAMC-A 28235)." captionText-6="FIGURE 10. Stereocidaris alcocki (SAMC-A 28229): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view (close-up) of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843335/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/843341/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/843345/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/843347/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 4–10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FAE7FC79FEE7FBD1" author="Clark" page="10" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1925">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FAE7FC79FEC0FBD1" author="Clark" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London, 250 pp." type="book" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">H.L. Clark, 1925a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Samyn, 2003: 197,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFAAFFD1FE3EFB9BFDF2FBD1" box="[510,571,1036,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B, B’;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FDBDFB9BFCFBFBD1" author="Schultz" box="[637,818,1036,1058]" page="46" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FDBDFB9BFCC4FBD1" author="Schultz" box="[637,781,1036,1058]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp." type="book" year="2010">Schultz, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Figs 80–83;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFAAFFD1FC7BFB9BFB27FBD1" author="Filander" box="[955,1262,1036,1058]" page="50" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FC7BFB9BFB03FBD1" author="Filander" box="[955,1226,1036,1058]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Filander, Z. & Griffiths, C. L. (2014) Additions to and revision of the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). African Natural History, 10, 47 - 56." type="journal article" year="2014">Filander & Griffiths, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Pl. I, Fig. B.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF28666EFFAAFFD1FF57FA39FA5EFA37" box="[151,1431,1454,1476]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843341/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[366,1247,1110,1433]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FA39FA5EFA37" blockId="13.[151,1431,1454,1476]" box="[151,1431,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FA39FEDBFA37" bold="true" box="[151,274,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FED8FA39FDDFFA37" authorityName=": A. Agassiz" authorityYear="1872" box="[280,534,1454,1476]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Phyllacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FED8FA39FDDFFA37" box="[280,534,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phyllacanthus imperialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC-A23447):
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FD1CFA39FD27FA37" bold="true" box="[732,750,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Map showing distribution.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FBCCFA39FBD4FA37" bold="true" box="[1036,1053,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Aboral view of preserved specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF57FA7CFD29F967" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FA7CFD98F9F7" blockId="13.[151,1436,1515,1864]" box="[151,593,1515,1540]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FA7CFE49F9F7" bold="true" box="[151,384,1515,1540]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9404AB05FFAAFFD1FE47FA7BFE2DF9F7" box="[391,484,1516,1540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A28211" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="EnaNcbi">A28211</accessionNumber>
|
||
; A23447.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07F998FD29F967" blockId="13.[151,1436,1515,1864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07F998FEB9F9DB" bold="true" box="[199,368,1551,1576]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Identification.</emphasis>
|
||
Test compact, with non-crenulated primary tubercles. Apical disc sunken, small, closely tuberculated, with ocular plates widely exsert, madreporite larger than other genital plates. Peristome larger than apical disc. Primary spines dark brown, granulated with longitudinal ridged tips; secondary spines lighter brown, strongly adpressed, smooth and somewhat fusiform.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF07F908FAE7F8F3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07F908FC88F944" blockId="13.[151,1436,1515,1864]" box="[199,833,1695,1720]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07F908FE1BF94B" bold="true" box="[199,466,1695,1720]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum test diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFAAFFD1FD2BF937FCF4F944" box="[747,829,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07F954FAE7F8F3" blockId="13.[151,1436,1515,1864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07F954FE7CF92F" bold="true" box="[199,437,1731,1756]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Global distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Red Sea and Madagascar to Tonga Islands, from Rui-Kui Islands to Australia; at depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFAAFFD1FF57F970FF25F90C" box="[151,236,1767,1792]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="5.0">5–70 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FF3AF97FFE0BF8F3" author="Mortensen" box="[250,450,1768,1792]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp." type="book" year="1928" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1928a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FE0EF970FDAFF8F3" author="Schultz" box="[462,614,1767,1792]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp." type="book" year="2010">Schultz 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). East coast region of South Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FC3BF970FAEBF8F3" author="Filander" box="[1019,1314,1767,1792]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Filander, Z. & Griffiths, C. L. (2014) Additions to and revision of the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). African Natural History, 10, 47 - 56." type="journal article" year="2014">Filander & Griffiths 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF07F89CFD26F8B4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07F89CFD26F8B4" blockId="13.[151,1436,1515,1864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07F89CFEF2F8D7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1803,1828]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FE21F89CFD0FF8D7" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1925" box="[481,710,1803,1828]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Eucidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FE21F89CFD0FF8D7" box="[481,710,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Eucidaris metularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in spine characteristics,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FC2BF89CFAC1F8D7" authorityName=": A. Agassiz" authorityYear="1872" box="[1003,1288,1803,1828]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Phyllacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FC2BF89CFAC1F8D7" box="[1003,1288,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Phyllacanthus imperialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having long primaries, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FEB1F8A7FE34F8BB" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1925" box="[369,509,1839,1864]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Eucidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FEB1F8A7FE34F8BB" box="[369,509,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E. metularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has short, stout ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |