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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791243" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c0535584-eb1e-43b0-9d53-cb700789d423" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163752040" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791243" ID-ZooBank="4AA0293D-DEC8-424C-9053-1CDD965CCC82" approvalRequired="26" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="26" checkinTime="1587994032238" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sharkey, Michael, van Noort, Simon &amp; Whitfield, James" docDate="2009" docId="03E3014CFFBDFFA2D0A80089FEEC44BA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2053.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 20 (20)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3697a307" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Khoikhoia townesi Mason 1983" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="326" masterDocId="FFDA7934FFA7FFB9D024002FFFD1405B" masterDocTitle="Revision of Khoikhoiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)" masterLastPageNumber="348" masterPageNumber="299" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" updateTime="1643569399618" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of Khoikhoiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sharkey, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington ,, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>van Noort, Simon</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Illinois ,, Afghanistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2009-09-14</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>299</mods:start>
<mods:end>348</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.20.108</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c0535584-eb1e-43b0-9d53-cb700789d423</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576519</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4AA0293D-DEC8-424C-9053-1CDD965CCC82</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791243" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163752040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3014CFFBDFFA2D0A80089FEEC44BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3014CFFBDFFA2D0A80089FEEC44BA" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<subSubSection box="[140,525,166,193]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,525,166,193]" box="[140,525,166,193]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<heading box="[140,525,166,193]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" reason="3">
<taxonomicName authority="Mason, 1983" authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[140,525,166,193]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="townesi">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,525,166,193]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,361,166,193]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">Khoikhoia townesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mason WRM" box="[368,525,166,193]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" pagination="49 - 62" refId="ref14427" refString="Mason WRM (1983) A new South African subfamily related to Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Contributions to the American Entomological Institute 20: 49 - 62." type="journal article" year="1983">Mason, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1108,237,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,348,237,263]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis box="[140,253,237,263]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" reason="1">
<typeStatus box="[140,253,237,263]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
female.
</emphasis>
Body Length.
<quantity box="[522,617,237,264]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
. Color. Mottled dark brown and yellowish brown except laterotergite 1 and margins of most metasomal sclerites whitish, head and mesothorax predominantly yellowish brown (Fig. 14). Forewing mostly weakly infuscate but less so anterobasally and at midlength (Fig. 15E), or clear basally, infuscate in apical half. Head. Number of flagellomeres 35 &lt;31–39&gt;. Scape flared apicoanteriorly with expanded apical surface (Fig. 15B). Antennal scrobe deep (Fig. 15B); entirely transversely rugosostriate. Gena transversely rugosostriate anteriorly, longitu-
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[140,1107,1622,1676]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,251,1622,1644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">Figure |5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Mason, 1983" authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[257,552,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="townesi">
<emphasis box="[257,421,1622,1644]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">Khoikhoia townesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mason WRM" box="[427,552,1623,1644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325" pagination="49 - 62" refId="ref14427" refString="Mason WRM (1983) A new South African subfamily related to Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Contributions to the American Entomological Institute 20: 49 - 62." type="journal article" year="1983">Mason, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female,
<typeStatus box="[635,716,1622,1644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">holotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[722,741,1622,1644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">A</emphasis>
head anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[924,941,1622,1644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">B</emphasis>
head, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,159,1654,1676]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">C</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[381,400,1654,1676]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">D</emphasis>
propodeum, metasomal tergites, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,835,1654,1676]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">E</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis bold="true" box="[900,914,1654,1676]" pageId="26" pageNumber="325">F</emphasis>
data labels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">dinally rugosostriate posteriorly (Fig. 15A, B). Face entirely rugose (Fig. 15A). Area between antennal scrobe and inner orbit of eye with protuberance (Fig. 15A). Vertex with strong coarse punctures (Fig. 14A). Posterior orbit of eye with distinct crenulate margin (Fig. 15B). Mesosoma. Middle lobe of scutum entirely rugosopunctate (Fig. 15C). Notauli entirely crenulate (Fig. 15C). Mesopleuron entirely rugosopunctate or rugose (Fig. 14C). Sternaulus absent or difficult to discern due to dense sculpture of mesopleuron (Fig. 14C). Discrimen (median longitudinal ventral sulcus between mesopleura) crenulate. Metapleuron mostly rugose, lacking a large smooth lightly punctate area (Fig. 14C). Propodeum entirely rugose without smooth area posterolaterally (Fig. 15C, D). Metasoma. Median tergite 1 not distinctly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 15D); completely rugose (Fig. 15D). Hypopygium less than 1/3 length of metasoma (Fig. 1F, 14B); not extending past apical tergum (Fig. 1F, 14B). Ovipositor barely exserted, much shorter than metasoma (Fig. 1F, 14B). Setae of ovipositor sheath not longer than 2× width of ovipositor sheath (Fig. 1F).</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" box="[185,382,659,685]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,253,659,685]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis box="[185,247,659,685]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" reason="1">Male</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="326" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,304,694,720]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Middle lobe of scutum entirely rugosopunctate (Fig. 15C); mesopleuron entirely rugosopunctate (Fig. 14C).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[563,767,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="townesi">
<emphasis box="[563,767,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Khoikhoia townesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1984" box="[987,1100,731,756]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turneri">
<emphasis box="[987,1100,731,756]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">K. turneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and may be a senior synonym. The only appreciable differences are slight sculptural differences on the face and the middle lobe of the mesoscutum, and rather slight color differences (see figure associated with couplet
<quantity box="[657,702,835,862]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
the key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="326" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,417,870,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis box="[185,286,870,896]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" reason="1">Material</emphasis>
Examined.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608959605" collectingDate="1972-02" collectionCode="AEI" country="South Africa" elevation="545" latitude="-33.310417" location="Grahamstown" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.52506" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[420,527,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry box="[615,756,871,897]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3014CFFBDFFA2D0A80089FEEC44BA:8E95E681FFBCFFA2D2DF0348FC4F43DA" box="[763,926,871,897]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.310417" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.52506" name="Grahamstown" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Grahamstown</location>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[933,1103,870,897]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" precision="1" seconds="37.50" value="-33.310417">33°18’37.50”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[140,312,906,932]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" precision="1" seconds="30.22" value="26.52506">26°31’30.22”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity box="[324,394,906,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" unit="m" value="545.0">
<elevation box="[324,394,906,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" unit="m" value="545.0">545m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date box="[406,494,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" value="1972-02">
<collectingDate box="[406,494,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" value="1972-02">II.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
, Fred Gess (
<collectionCode box="[632,684,906,932]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rn7d-z1r2" name="American Entomological Institute" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">AEI</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="326" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,941,967]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis box="[185,339,941,967]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Distribution map is available at http://sharkeylab.org/sharkeylab/ Misc/generalmapper.php?table=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[510,665,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Khoikhoiinae">khoikhoiinae</taxonomicName>
&amp;genus=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[767,892,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Khoikhoia</taxonomicName>
&amp;species=townesi. The sole specimen of this species, together with the single specimen of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[967,1107,1011,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Sania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="henryi">
<emphasis box="[967,1107,1011,1038]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Sania henryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion box="[148,431,1047,1074]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
) are the only representatives of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[791,945,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Khoikhoiinae">Khoikhoiinae</taxonomicName>
collected outside of the
<collectingRegion box="[268,539,1082,1108]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
. Like its congeners,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mason" authorityYear="1983" box="[772,973,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Khoikhoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="townesi">
<emphasis box="[772,973,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">Khoikhoia townesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably still associated with Fynbos, as Grahamstown lies at the extreme eastern limits of this biome.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="326" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,166,1249]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,324,1187,1213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326">
<emphasis box="[185,318,1187,1213]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Although not specified in
<bibRefCitation author="Mason WRM" box="[654,826,1188,1214]" pageId="27" pageNumber="326" pagination="49 - 62" refId="ref14427" refString="Mason WRM (1983) A new South African subfamily related to Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Contributions to the American Entomological Institute 20: 49 - 62." type="journal article" year="1983">Mason (1983)</bibRefCitation>
, this is a patronym for Henry Townes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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