359 lines
59 KiB
XML
359 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="CE70E48A58C876D7B17970AB528B5256" ID-CLB-Dataset="234312" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f3c53186-6efa-488e-bca8-258bd938c098" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7727412" ID-ZooBank="024017A5-57E9-4045-B386-D0B4D0A576F7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678695596082" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Torii, Takaaki, Akagi, Tomohiro, Uchino, Toru & Kobayashi, Tohru" docDate="2023" docId="03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5254.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5254 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Enchytraeus ohtakai Torii & Akagi & Uchino & Kobayashi 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="252" masterDocId="FFE8504BB40DFFC3FFBFFF8BFFD6FFC4" masterDocTitle="A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Clitellata) from sewage sludge of a plum processing plant in Japan" masterLastPageNumber="256" masterPageNumber="245" pageNumber="250" updateTime="1699476513608" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="82043D9107AB149883BECB099EDC16DA">A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Clitellata) from sewage sludge of a plum processing plant in Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DE79A6BAFC587EDB64B55223ABA445A7">Torii, Takaaki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F6BA7E28258F4E8EAACEE2703ED8D318" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1580-1639</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="ED376A3F20FBA598826F392CC1D1487F">Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52 - 1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422 - 8526, Japan. ttakaaki @ ideacon. co. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1580 - 1639 & IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334 - 5 Riemon, Yaizu City, Shizuoka, 421 - 0212, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="217961638B5E168B2D247BA779E8453E" type="email">ttakaaki@ideacon.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4C41BEE6745970049AF4EF0CD7E1A2CB">Akagi, Tomohiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF55A374809922CAC79B8EE958EACC7A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6400-7493</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7ED6D12568FDB39EBB1C7E45719EC02">Industrial Technology Center of Wakayama Prefecture / 60 Ogura, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 649 - 6261, Japan. akagi @ wakayama-kg. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6400 - 7493</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F76F08DB2EDBDF055B7FC13AC3C9EE2F" type="email">akagi@wakayama-kg.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="29E4EC4E004AFEF31908D11BFAF25607">Uchino, Toru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4DE7153EB84B52FAC6C083930A49CD49" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0332-0523</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6D86F10DEB1304C783B4FCFA5EE46778">IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334 - 5 Riemon, Yaizu City, Shizuoka, 421 - 0212, Japan. & ucn 20508 @ ideacon. co. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0332 - 0523</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8FF493ED886042FFF9AAC320B973444F" type="email">ucn20508@ideacon.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7599AFE50C22BAF0BF064E6C3DDFB541">Kobayashi, Tohru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63CFE64EF7F58F752CAB87E9E5796AD2">Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52 - 1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422 - 8526, Japan. ttakaaki @ ideacon. co. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1580 - 1639 & tohruk @ u-shizuoka-ken. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4968 - 1260</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="389522858D151FA9564053CAEB110F26" type="email">ttakaaki@ideacon.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="B72D6CEA08158D0B55AF38C469A29DE8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B75F6CC0DEC3C686FFDFA1866474CBA8">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8B14AA04CBFB92B1D9A66B4887C7F3ED">2023-03-10</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7733358" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209443397" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7733358" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">
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<paragraph id="8BC79925B408FFC6FF28F8ACFDEAF886" blockId="5.[151,696,1831,1930]" box="[151,572,1831,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">
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<heading id="D08F2E49B408FFC6FF28F8ACFDEAF886" bold="true" box="[151,572,1831,1858]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90C4537B408FFC6FF28F8ACFDEAF886" bold="true" box="[151,572,1831,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">
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<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B408FFC6FF28F8ACFE01F885" ID-CoL="1c796e38-5b66-4d15-b880-ffc3acbbcf75" authority="Torii" authorityName="Torii & Akagi & Uchino & Kobayashi" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,471,1831,1858]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ohtakai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90C4537B408FFC6FF28F8ACFE45F886" bold="true" box="[151,403,1831,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Enchytraeus ohtakai</emphasis>
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Torii
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23FF84CB408FFC6FE61F8A3FDEAF886" box="[478,572,1832,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC79925B408FFC6FF28F8C7FD6EF8A2" blockId="5.[151,696,1831,1930]" box="[151,696,1868,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">(Japanese name: Kishu-shiro-himemimizu, new)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C362CAAEB408FFC6FF28F8FBFEF9F84E" box="[151,303,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC79925B408FFC6FF28F8FBFEF9F84E" blockId="5.[151,696,1831,1930]" box="[151,303,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134385A0B408FFC6FF20F8FBFEDAF84E" box="[159,268,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B408FFC6FEA7F8FBFEF0F84E" box="[280,294,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C362CAAEB408FFC5FF28F833FA4CFF3D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC79925B408FFC5FF28F833FBD7FF11" blockId="5.[151,1437,1975,2039]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="B90C4537B408FFC6FF28F833FE97F815" bold="true" box="[151,321,1975,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B109378B408FFC6FEEDF833FA4FF832" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4055240301" collectingDate="2021-05-19" collectionCode="T" country="Japan" county="Hidaka-gun" latitude="33.77142" location="Whole-mounted" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.3125" municipality="Minabe-cho" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wakayama" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54C32787B408FFC6FEEDF833FE69F816" box="[338,447,1976,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<location id="8EA7CFFEB408FFC6FE73F833FD54F816" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58:8EA7CFFEB408FFC6FE73F833FD54F816" box="[460,642,1976,2002]" country="Japan" county="Hidaka-gun" latitude="33.77142" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.3125" municipality="Minabe-cho" name="Whole-mounted" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Wakayama">Whole-mounted</location>
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mature specimen, anterior end,
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<location id="8EA7CFFEB408FFC6FC45F833FB29F816" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D12833B408FFC4FF28F8ACFC76FA58:8EA7CFFEB408FFC6FC45F833FB29F816" box="[1018,1279,1976,2002]" country="Japan" county="Hidaka-gun" latitude="33.77142" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="135.3125" municipality="Minabe-cho" name="Plum Processing Plant" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Wakayama">Plum Processing Plant</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3035FB408FFC6FAB1F833FA4EF816" box="[1294,1432,1976,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Minabe-cho</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62A6E1A9B408FFC6FF28F857FEC8F832" box="[151,286,2012,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Hidaka-gun</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49BC57C7B408FFC6FE95F857FDF5F832" box="[298,547,2012,2038]" country="Japan" name="Wakayama" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Wakayama Prefecture</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36FD9B5B408FFC6FD90F857FDA4F832" box="[559,626,2012,2038]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4CFFE2B408FFC6FDC1F857FCDAF832" box="[638,780,2012,2038]" degrees="33.771419" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" precision="1" value="33.77142">N33.771419</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4CFFE2B408FFC6FCA7F857FC66F833" box="[792,944,2012,2039]" degrees="135.312501" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" precision="1" value="135.3125">E135.312501</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFC6BFE5B408FFC6FC02F857FB81F832" box="[957,1111,2012,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" value="2021-05-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF82460DB408FFC6FC02F857FB81F832" box="[957,1111,2012,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="250" value="2021-05-19">19 May 2021</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED6901E0B408FFC6FBDDF857FBA2F832" box="[1122,1140,2012,2038]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="250">T</collectionCode>
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||
. Akagi (NSMT-An-1881)
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54C32787B40BFFC5FF28FF1CFEDEFF75" box="[151,264,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: 9 whole-mounted mature specimens, anterior end (NSMT-An-1882, 1884, 1885, 1886) and entire (NSMT- An-1883, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890), same collection data as holotype.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FF54FA4CFF3D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1434,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
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||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40BFFC5FF78FF54FE58FF3C" bold="true" box="[199,398,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Further material.</emphasis>
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||
20 whole-mounted mature specimens, same collection data as holotype, in the author’s collection.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C362CAAEB40BFFC5FF78FE88FC3CFED9" box="[199,1002,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FE88FC3CFED9" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1002,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
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||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40BFFC5FF78FE88FE98FED9" bold="true" box="[199,334,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The new species is named in honor of Dr. Akifumi Ohtaka.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C362CAAEB40BFFC5FF78FEADFD50F819" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FEADFB5DFE31" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
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<emphasis id="B90C4537B40BFFC5FF78FEADFE8FFE84" bold="true" box="[199,345,294,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Description.</emphasis>
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Color whitish or pare yellow. Live length
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<quantity id="4C8034C0B40BFFC5FCF9FEADFC15FE85" box="[838,963,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15–17 mm</quantity>
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, fixed length
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<quantity id="4C8034C0B40BFFC5FBDCFEADFB08FE85" box="[1123,1246,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
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(N=10); first 12 segments (anterior end to clitellum) 3.2–4.0 mm long; width at clitellum
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<quantity id="4C8034C0B40BFFC5FC6BFEC1FBAEFEA1" box="[980,1144,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.78" valueMax="0.81" valueMin="0.75">0.75–0.81 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=10). Segments 42–49 (N=10). Chaetal formula 2,3–2,3: 3,(4)–2,3. Lateral preclitellar bundles mostly 3 chaetae, rarely 2 and present in XII. Ventral preclitellar bundles mostly 3 chaetae, rarely 4 and absent in XII. Lateral and ventral postclitellar bundles:
|
||
<quantity id="4C8034C0B40BFFC5FF42FE3CFE8FFE15" box="[253,345,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2 to 3 in</quantity>
|
||
segments following clitellum. Chaetae straight with ental hook, ectally pointed: 65–110 μm long, 5–10 μm wide, smallest at II, XII and XIII (length 65–77 μm, diameter 5–8 μm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FB98FE50FBA9FE31" box="[1063,1151,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FE74FC1BFD6D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Clitellum in XII–XIII, hyalocytes and granulocytes from level of septum 11/12 to level behind chaetae XIII. Anteriorly and posteriorly a variously extending sleeve of hyaline border cells. Clitellum saddle-shaped, well developed dorsally and laterally, height c. 30 μm, cell diameter c. 15 μm, hyalocytes and granulocytes arranged in reticulate fashion, interrupted mid-ventrally; area without clitellum widest at level of male pores, including the exterior lips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FF70FD04FEF1FD6D" box="[207,295,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
); exclusively granulocytes dorsally of the male exterior lips.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FD38FC0CFB65" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Prostomium rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FE00FD38FDC0FD09" box="[447,534,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head pore present as a longitudinal slit, located at tip of prostomium. Epidermal gland cells inconspicuous. Brain (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FDADFD5CFD55FD35" box="[530,643,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
) in I–II, dorsoventrally compressed and narrow, concave posteriorly in living and fixed specimens, postero-lateral region usually with one or two pairs of aggregations of refractile globules; brain approximately 1.5 times as long as wide, length 185–195 μm, posterior width 108–110 μm. Oesophageal appendages a pair of blind-ending tubes in III/IV, c. 180 μm long and 40 μm wide, with common root inserting dorsally in III behind pharyngeal pad, tubes curved, not meandering, not branched, not tapering towards blind end. Pharyngeal pad thickened. Pharyngeal glands in IV–VI, of equal size, with dorsal and ventral lobes, connected dorsally in IV, connected or separate dorsally in V, VI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FD18FC24FCDAFC0D" box="[679,780,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FCA6FC24FCE8FC0D" box="[793,830,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nephridial anteseptale with funnel only, postseptale bulged, efferent duct short, no terminal vesicle; present at 6/7–9/10 (4 preclitellar pairs, occasionally unpaired) and in postclitellar segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FE08FC7CFDCDFBD5" box="[439,539,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FD98FC7CFD9AFBD5" box="[551,588,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Blood pale reddish. Dorsal blood vessel from XII or XIII, often conspicuous. Anterior bifurcation near prostomium. Coelomocytes flattened, 1.5–4.0 x as long as wide, c. 20–30 μm long, oval or narrowed at one end, filled with pale, conspicuous vesicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FC2EFBB4FC3AFB9D" box="[913,1004,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Transition of oesophagus to intestine gradual, no oesophageal or intestinal diverticula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FD75FBE8FCF2FBB9" box="[714,804,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chloragogen cells (chloragocytes) light-brown granulated, beginning from V to backwards, slightly smaller than coelomocytes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FB20FD2EFA59" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Testes and sperm funnels in XI, ovaries, vasa deferentia, male pores and glands in XII. Seminal vesicle unpaired, in VIII–XI. Mature spermatozoa aligned on top of sperm funnel. Sperm funnel 5–6x as long as wide, variable in shape due to soft tissue of glandular funnel body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FCA4FB78FCA4FAC9" box="[795,882,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Collar slightly wider or about as wide as funnel body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FF5FFA9CFEEEFAF5" box="[224,312,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vasa deferentia not extending into segments posterior from XII, in a dense irregular coil that fills almost entire segment of XII, wider entally near sperm funnel than ectally near male pore, ectally passing ventrad between inner face of body wall and primary male glandular ("penial") bulb en route to male pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FABDFAD4FA85FABD" box="[1282,1363,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig.3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vasa ciliated throughout, without conspicuous musculature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78FA2CFB0EF9B1" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Male glands multiple and of three distinguishable
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C32787B40BFFC5FD45FA2CFCEEFA05" box="[762,824,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, primary "penial" bulb enclosing the male pore, accessory glands arranged roughly in a semicircle around male pore, and further sexual accessory sexual glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FAD0FA40FF6DF9CD" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Penial bulbs not larger than accessory glands. Male pores opening each into a bursa, a lateral invagination of the body wall that is covered by a lip-like fold (bursal fold). Accessory sexual glands present, usually a pair of oval bodies in anterior of XII (9 out of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7E52ACB40BFFC5FDA5F9BCFD64F995" box="[538,690,1591,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
investigated,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FCF0F9BCFC70F995" box="[847,934,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7E52ACB40BFFC5FC65F9BCFBA1F995" box="[986,1143,1591,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, a single accessory sexual gland present midventrally in XII, near male pores. These organs mostly larger than penial bulbs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78F9F4FD68F8B5" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
Spermathecae with spherical or sac-like ampulla, ectal duct short, covered with gland cells and abruptly widening into sac-like ampulla; ampulla usually with irregular outline, with one large, dorsal asymmetrical diverticulum; ampullae with separate openings into oesophagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FD5EF94CFCB6F925" box="[737,864,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Figs. 2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FCD0F94CFC43F925" box="[879,917,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ectal pores at 4/5, in lateral lines, not widened. Ectal duct 95–128 μm long, 11–13 μm wide, covered completely with glands. Ampulla spherical, diameter c. 90–110 μm, wider than ectal duct, with distinct, smooth walls, lumen filled with masses of spermatozoa; ental duct short, connecting laterally with oesophagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FD27F8B8FCDBF889" box="[664,781,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[198,1419,219,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[151,1436,181,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Anterior body region (12 segments) of a mature specimen, lateral view, coelomocytes omitted, fragment of holotype (NSMT-An-1881). B. Spermatheca. C. Brain, white arrows indicate refractile granules. D. Coelomocytes. E. Lateral chaetae. A–D from living specimen, E from fixed specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Fig. 2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40BFFC5FCA3F8B8FC97F889" box="[796,833,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In subadult specimens, ampulla oval or marginally lobed. No midventral subneural glands observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40BFFC5FF78F8F1FD50F819" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40BFFC5FF78F8F1FEFCF850" bold="true" box="[199,298,1914,1940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="251">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens were present in the organic matter at the wastewater treatment facility in Umeta, in organic matter submerged in water with high COD (c.
|
||
<quantity id="4C8034C0B40BFFC5FCB0F814FCABF87D" box="[783,893,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="251" unit="mg" value="1300.0">1,300 mg</quantity>
|
||
/L), neutral pH (7.5) and low salt concentration (0.64%). Its natural habitat is still unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C362CAAEB40AFFC4FF78FF1DFC76FA58" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC79925B40AFFC4FF78FF1DFC76FA58" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FF78FF1DFEEDFF74" bold="true" box="[199,315,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This new species belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FD08FF1CFCFCFF74" authorityName="Henle" authorityYear="1837" box="[695,810,150,177]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="albidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FD08FF1CFD1EFF74" box="[695,712,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FD67FF1DFCFCFF74" box="[728,810,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">albidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group as circumscribed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FBDDFF1DFA4FFF74" author="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R." box="[1122,1433,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7061" refString="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R. (2010) A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta). Soil Organisms, 82 (1), 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">Schmelz & Collado (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Species of this mainly holarctic group live in the marine upper littoral, in brackish water, and in organically enriched habitats such as compost heaps. As
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FDA0FF55FD21FF3C" author="Arslan, N. & Timm, T. & Rojo, V. & Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M." box="[543,759,222,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="367 - 380" refId="ref6076" refString="Arslan, N., Timm, T., Rojo, V., Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M. (2018) A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from the profundal of Lake Van, the world's largest soda lake (Turkey, East Anatolia). Zootaxa, 4382 (2), 367 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4382.2.8" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Arslan
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FDD0FF54FD71FF3C" box="[623,679,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have pointed out, this group of species is distinguished within the genus by comparatively large body size (length>
|
||
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|
||
, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8034C0B40AFFC4FC1BFE89FC2EFED8" box="[932,1016,258,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
), high segment number (>40, usually>50), short and tube-like oesophageal appendages, and a large and well-developed male reproductive system that, apart from a male glandular bulb, often includes some smaller accessory glands around the male pores. Furthermore, some species, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C32787B40AFFC4FE66FEE4FDDFFE4D" box="[473,521,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FDD3FEE5FC85FE4C" authorityName="Henle" authorityYear="1837" box="[620,851,366,392]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="albidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FDD3FEE5FC85FE4C" box="[620,851,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Enchytraeus albidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23FF84CB40AFFC4FCE3FEE4FC3FFE4C" box="[860,1001,366,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FC45FEE5FB1AFE4C" author="Erseus, C. & Klinth, M. J. & Rota, E. & DeWit, P. & Gustafsson, D. R. & Martinsson, S." box="[1018,1228,366,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" refId="ref6307" refString="Erseus, C., Klinth, M. J., Rota, E., DeWit, P., Gustafsson, D. R. & Martinsson, S. (2019) Thepopularmodelannelid Enchytraeusalbidus is onlyonespeciesinacomplexofseashorewhiteworms (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae). OrganismsDiversity & Evolution, 19,105 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 019 - 00402 - 6" type="book" year="2019">
|
||
Erséus
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FBF0FEE4FB5FFE4C" box="[1103,1161,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are distinguished by having more than 3 chaetae per bundle, elongate longitudinal body folds ventrally in the clitellar region that enclose the male pores, and vasa deferentia that extend beyond the clitellar region into posterior segments. Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FF7FFE50FEE6FE30" authorityName="Henle" authorityYear="1837" box="[192,304,474,501]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="albidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FF7FFE50FF07FE30" box="[192,209,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FF61FE51FEE6FE30" box="[222,304,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">albidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, four species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FDA7FE51FC0FFE31" authority="von Bulow, 1957" authorityName="von Bulow" authorityYear="1957" box="[536,985,474,501]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FDA7FE51FCC4FE30" box="[536,786,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Enchytraeus capitatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FCA7FE50FC0FFE31" author="von Bulow, T." box="[792,985,474,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="69 - 116" refId="ref7169" refString="von Bulow, T. (1957) Systematisch-autokologische Studien an eulitoralen Oligochaeten der Kimbrischen Halbinsel. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 13 (1), 69 - 116." type="journal article" year="1957">von Bülow, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FC5CFE50FBACFE30" authorityName="Nielsen & Christensen" authorityYear="1961" box="[995,1146,474,500]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FC5CFE50FBACFE30" box="[995,1146,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FB38FE51FE77FDDC" authority="Arslan & Timm (2018)" authorityName="Arslan & Timm" authorityYear="2018" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polatdemiri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FB38FE51FA4BFE30" box="[1159,1437,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Enchytraeus polatdemiri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FF28FE75FE77FDDC" author="Arslan, N. & Timm, T. & Rojo, V. & Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M." box="[151,417,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="367 - 380" refId="ref6076" refString="Arslan, N., Timm, T., Rojo, V., Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M. (2018) A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from the profundal of Lake Van, the world's largest soda lake (Turkey, East Anatolia). Zootaxa, 4382 (2), 367 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4382.2.8" type="journal article" year="2018">Arslan & Timm (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FE63FE74FD87FDDC" authority="Torii & Akagi & Uchino & Kobayashi, 2023" authorityName="Torii & Akagi & Uchino & Kobayashi" authorityYear="2023" box="[476,593,510,537]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ohtakai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FE63FE74FE3BFDDC" box="[476,493,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FE42FE75FD87FDDC" box="[509,593,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">ohtakai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FDE5FE75FD60FDDC" bold="true" box="[602,694,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23FF84CB40AFFC4FDE5FE75FD60FDDC" box="[602,694,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
share a notable common feature in that their vasa deferentia are restricted within XII, i.e. they do not extend posteriorly beyond the clitellum. Within this subgroup of four species, the following combination of characters is useful to identify the new species: (1) comparatively large body size, (2) each specimen with dorsal and ventral preclitellar bundles of mostly three chaetae, postclitellar bundles of two to three, (3) dorsal blood vessel from XII or XIII, (4) spermathecal ectal duct completely glandular, (5) spermathecal ampulla usually spherical or sac-like, wider than ectal duct, usually with a large diverticulum, (6) always accessory sexual glands in XII, (7) clitellum saddle-shaped(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134385A0B40AFFC4FD00FD5DFCFCFD34" box="[703,810,726,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,677,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-247@5.[151,1436,669,1594]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Enchytraeus ohtakai sp. nov. A. Segments V–VII, dorsal view. B. Segments XI–XIII, ventral view. Drawing from living paratype specimen (NSMT-AN-1882)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7727418/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">Fig. 3B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and (8) genital field absent.
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FAAC9EB40AFFC4FBD1FD5DFB16FD34" box="[1134,1216,726,752]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,693,719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological characters between the "Enchytraeus albidus group" congeners with vasa deferentia confined to XII. Clearcut differences of the three species to the new one are marked in bold. For further explanations, see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" tableUuid="DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
gives a comparison of characters among the above-mentioned four species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FCA9FD70FBBCFCD1" authority="von Bulow, 1957" authorityName="von Bulow" authorityYear="1957" box="[790,1130,762,789]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FCA9FD70FC48FCD0" box="[790,926,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. capitatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FC19FD70FBBCFCD1" author="von Bulow, T." box="[934,1130,762,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="69 - 116" refId="ref7169" refString="von Bulow, T. (1957) Systematisch-autokologische Studien an eulitoralen Oligochaeten der Kimbrischen Halbinsel. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 13 (1), 69 - 116." type="journal article" year="1957">von Bülow, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FB1BFD70FE54FCFC" authority="Nielsen & Christensen, 1961" authorityName="Nielsen & Christensen" authorityYear="1961" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FB1BFD70FAEBFCD0" box="[1188,1341,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FAF8FD71FE54FCFC" author="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B." pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref6752" refString="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B. (1961) The Enchytraeidae. Critical revision and taxonomy of European species. Supplement 1. Natura Jutlandica, 10, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1961">Nielsen & Christensen, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from the new species in a more posterior origin of the dorsal blood vessel and in the spermathecal ectal glands, which are located only around the ectal orifice, leaving most of the ectal duct uncovered.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FF28FCECFD94FC44" authority="Arslan & Timm, 2018" authorityName="Arslan & Timm" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,578,870,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polatdemiri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FF28FCECFEEAFC44" box="[151,316,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. polatdemiri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FEFCFCEDFD94FC44" author="Arslan, N. & Timm, T. & Rojo, V. & Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M." box="[323,578,870,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="367 - 380" refId="ref6076" refString="Arslan, N., Timm, T., Rojo, V., Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M. (2018) A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from the profundal of Lake Van, the world's largest soda lake (Turkey, East Anatolia). Zootaxa, 4382 (2), 367 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4382.2.8" type="journal article" year="2018">Arslan & Timm, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species in the absence of accessory sexual glands. A further difference, not shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FAAC9EB40AFFC4FDBFFC01FD83FC60" box="[512,597,906,932]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,693,719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological characters between the "Enchytraeus albidus group" congeners with vasa deferentia confined to XII. Clearcut differences of the three species to the new one are marked in bold. For further explanations, see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" tableUuid="DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
, is the mid-ventral continuity of the clitellum (girdle-shape) at its posterior border (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FF50FC25FE17FC0C" author="Arslan, N. & Timm, T. & Rojo, V. & Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M." box="[239,449,942,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="367 - 380" refId="ref6076" refString="Arslan, N., Timm, T., Rojo, V., Vizcaino, A. & Schmelz, R. M. (2018) A new species of Enchytraeus (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from the profundal of Lake Van, the world's largest soda lake (Turkey, East Anatolia). Zootaxa, 4382 (2), 367 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4382.2.8" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Arslan
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FEFCFC24FEAAFC0C" box="[323,380,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The ventral side of the clitellum is insufficiently known in the other two species, as in most species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FEC7FC58FE3CFC28" authorityName="Henle" authorityYear="1837" box="[376,490,978,1004]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="albidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FEC7FC58FE3CFC28" box="[376,490,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. albidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Further differences of these three species, as listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FAAC9EB40AFFC4FB1BFC59FB2FFC28" box="[1188,1273,978,1004]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,693,719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological characters between the "Enchytraeus albidus group" congeners with vasa deferentia confined to XII. Clearcut differences of the three species to the new one are marked in bold. For further explanations, see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" tableUuid="DF07C9ADB405FFCBFF28FD3EFC1DFD37">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
, may prove to be distinguishing, but they do not apply to all specimens or cannot be evaluated with certainty, mostly due to some intra-specific variablity. For example, the length of the extremely soft-bodied sperm funnel is variable. The taxonomic value of presence or absence of a pair of refractile bodies in the posterior brain region has not yet been assessed sufficiently. Enlarged posterior chaetae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FD00FBE8FC93FBB8" authorityName="von Bulow" authorityYear="1957" box="[703,837,1123,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FD00FBE8FC93FBB8" box="[703,837,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. capitatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported only in the original description but not in the redescriptions of that species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FD8DFB0DFCA2FB65" author="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B." box="[562,884,1158,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref6710" refString="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B. (1959) The Enchytraeidae. Critical revision and taxonomy of European species (Studies on Enchytraeidae VII). Natura Jutlandica, 8 - 9, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1959">Nielsen & Christensen 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FCC0FB0DFC6DFB64" author="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B." box="[895,955,1158,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref6752" refString="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B. (1961) The Enchytraeidae. Critical revision and taxonomy of European species. Supplement 1. Natura Jutlandica, 10, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FC70FB0DFAC7FB64" author="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R." box="[975,1297,1158,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7061" refString="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R. (2010) A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta). Soil Organisms, 82 (1), 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">Schmelz and Collado (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suspect that the redescriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FE3CFB20FDDFFB00" authorityName="von Bulow" authorityYear="1957" box="[387,521,1195,1220]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FE3CFB20FDDFFB00" box="[387,521,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. capitatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are based on different species. It is further worth noting that the accessory sexual glands in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FEB9FB44FE49FB2C" authorityName="Nielsen & Christensen" authorityYear="1961" box="[262,415,1230,1256]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FEB9FB44FE49FB2C" box="[262,415,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distributed differently in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FBBCFB45FA93FB2C" author="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B." box="[1027,1349,1230,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref6752" refString="Nielsen, C. O. & Christensen, B. (1961) The Enchytraeidae. Critical revision and taxonomy of European species. Supplement 1. Natura Jutlandica, 10, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1961">Nielsen & Christensen 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and in the only redescription (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FE21FB79FD35FAC8" author="Hong, Y. & Dozsa-Farkas, K." box="[414,739,1266,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="80 - 91" refId="ref6501" refString="Hong, Y. & Dozsa-Farkas, K. (2018) New descriptions of enchytraeid species (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 7, 80 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2018.7.1.080" type="journal article" year="2018">Hong & Dózsa-Farkas 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FD4FFB79FC1AFAC8" author="Dozsa-Farkas, K." box="[752,972,1266,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 226" refId="ref6222" refString="Dozsa-Farkas, K. (2019) Enchytraeids of Hungary (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae). Pedozoologica Hungarica, 7, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="2019">Dózsa-Farkas 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that is so far available: originally, these glands are said to be in XII or in XII and XIII, while in the material underlying the redescription these glands are only found in XIII. Evidently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FE55FAB0FDA6FA90" authorityName="von Bulow" authorityYear="1957" box="[490,624,1339,1364]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FE55FAB0FDA6FA90" box="[490,624,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. capitatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C78E2A6B40AFFC4FD19FAB0FCEAFA90" authorityName="Nielsen & Christensen" authorityYear="1961" box="[678,828,1338,1364]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90C4537B40AFFC4FD19FAB0FCEAFA90" box="[678,828,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="252">E. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
need further investigations; their synonymy, however, as proposed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FEFAFAD5FDAAFABC" author="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R." box="[325,636,1374,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7061" refString="Schmelz, R. M. & Collado, R. (2010) A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta). Soil Organisms, 82 (1), 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">Schmelz & Collado (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, was correctly rejected in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE9E4D4B40AFFC4FC15FAD4FB29FABC" author="Hong, Y. & Dozsa-Farkas, K." box="[938,1279,1374,1401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="252" pagination="80 - 91" refId="ref6501" refString="Hong, Y. & Dozsa-Farkas, K. (2018) New descriptions of enchytraeid species (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 7, 80 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2018.7.1.080" type="journal article" year="2018">Hong & Dózsa-Farkas (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on the chaetal distribution and presence/absence of accessory sexual glands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |