649 lines
79 KiB
XML
649 lines
79 KiB
XML
<document id="5B492FE2A5EB4036545B3C2352D9B29A" ID-CLB-Dataset="187951" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5206.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3d3273a-0f58-4e50-b685-6468869b61fa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7318829" ID-ZooBank="CE749F6C-5832-4152-AB4B-6D89ACCDD560" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1668423279735" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Johnson, Robert A., Borowiec, Marek L., Snelling, Roy R. & Cole, Arthur C." docDate="2022" docId="039387FDFFB0FF987FC5FB275DD6F8E1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5206.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5206 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5206.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Veromessor smithi Cole 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="FFAAFF85FFE5FFCF7F52FF8C5C7EFFAC" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision and a review of the biology of the North American seed-harvester ant genus Veromessor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1699411435789" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5CD4AF5FB3F71ACFF36FDEF63410CF09">A taxonomic revision and a review of the biology of the North American seed-harvester ant genus Veromessor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F67AF5C3CE8F5B6A13C55628EFB1446">Johnson, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="852F346FA287E1CAF4780599852238E0">Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A0CAF1E81ED78789C1A0AB08D232A339" type="email">marek.borowiec@colostate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="66B45B20D710664A229CCF6672226F92">Snelling, Roy R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A9B4888FC4E73D386AF3FC8996E4D5E">Cole, Arthur C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="08343D5661856FE7E1C240C1C16B43C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1BFC5865553A213F4CCBD3E865B1115B">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039387FDFFB0FF987FC5FB275DD6F8E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7327848" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205077687" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7327848" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FDFFB0FF987FC5FB275DD6F8E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387FDFFB0FF987FC5FB275DD6F8E1" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB0FF9A7FC5FB275D08FB69" box="[151,374,1194,1221]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5FB275D08FB69" blockId="85.[151,441,1194,1293]" box="[151,374,1194,1221]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="D0CD8187FFB0FF9A7FC5FB275D08FB69" bold="true" box="[151,374,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7FC5FB275D08FB69" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,374,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
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<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7FC5FB275D08FB69" bold="true" box="[151,374,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB0FF9A7FC5FB435DC7FAA1" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5FB435DDFFB45" blockId="85.[151,441,1194,1293]" box="[151,417,1230,1257]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB0FF9A7FCDFB435D6AFB45" box="[159,276,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[378,1208,181,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[378,1208,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of the metasternal process on males of Veromessor: (A) V. andrei (CASENT4010823), (B) V. chamberlini (UCRC_ENT00500152), (C)V.chicoensis (CASENT0869853), (D) V.julianus (LACMENT359792),(E)V.lariversi (CASENT0761204), (F) V. lobognathus (LACMENT363986), (G) V. pergandei (CASENT0869850), (H) V. pseudolariversi (CASENT0869851), (I) V. smithi (LACMENT364071), and (J) V. stoddardi (LACMENT364102). Photographs by Robert Johnson from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318831/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figures 1I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB0FF9A7E73FB435D3BFB45" box="[289,325,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the four categories of increasing psammophore development for species of Veromessor based on number and distribution of long J-shaped hairs on the ventral surface of the head capsule (= hypostomal region) (see text). Photograph of: (A) V. chicoensis (CASENT0923125)—J-shaped hairs mostly absent with scattered straight or evenly curved hairs, (B) V. andrei (CASENT0923140)—J-shaped hairs present but not arranged in a distinct row, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, (C) V. chamberlini (CASENT0761101) and (D) V. smithi (CASENT0923131)—J-shaped hairs present, arranged in a V-shaped row which does not reach the posterior part of the lateroventral margin of head capsule, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, and (E) V. pergandei (CASENT0923124)—J-shaped hairs present, many long J-shaped hairs arranged in a distinct row around the outer margin of the ventral region of the head capsule. Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318842/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">6D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB0FF9A7E03FB425DE6FB45" box="[337,408,1230,1257]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 45" captionStart-1="FIGURE 46" captionStart-2="FIGURE 47" captionStartId-0="88.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="89.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-2="90.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[376,1211,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[418,1170,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[418,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@88.[376,1212,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@89.[418,1170,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@90.[418,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="88" captionTargetPageId-1="89" captionTargetPageId-2="90" captionText-0="FIGURE 45. Photograph of Veromessor smithi worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT00671466). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-1="FIGURE 46. Photograph of Veromessor smithi alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT00671476). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." captionText-2="FIGURE 47. Photograph of Veromessor smithi paratype male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (LACMENT364058). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318932" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318934" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318936" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7318932/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7318934/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7318936/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">45–47</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5FB7F5DC7FAA1" blockId="85.[151,441,1194,1293]" box="[151,441,1267,1293]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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Distribution—
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<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB0FF9A7E69FB7F5DC7FAA1" box="[315,441,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[423,1164,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@77.[423,1164,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 40. Photograph of Veromessor pergandei male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT0922828). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318922/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figure 40C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB0FF9A7FC5FAB458BBF92E" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5FAB45DF7F9E8" blockId="85.[151,1437,1335,1666]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFB0FF9A7FC5FAB45DF7F9E8" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFB0FF9A7FC5FAB45E79FAE3" author="Cole, A. C." box="[151,519,1335,1359]" page="678" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="1963">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7FC5FAB45E79FAE3" authority="Cole, 1963: 678" authorityName="Cole" authorityPageNumber="678" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,519,1335,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
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<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7FC5FAB45D2AFAE3" box="[151,340,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB0FF9A7E0FFABB5E79FAE3" author="Cole, A. C." box="[349,519,1335,1359]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="678 - 682" refId="ref67279" refString="Cole, A. C. (1963) A new species of Veromessor from the Nevada test site and notes on related species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 56 (5), 678 - 682. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 56.5.678" type="journal article" year="1963">Cole, 1963: 678</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 1a, 2a, 3a (worker, queen, male).
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<typeStatus id="54818849FFB0FF9A7CFEFABB5874FAE3" box="[940,1034,1335,1359]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker [LACM: LACMENT164497]:
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<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFB0FF9A7F95FADA5DF9FAC2" box="[199,391,1366,1390]" name="United States of America" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB0FF9A7EC3FADA5D9CFAC2" box="[401,482,1366,1390]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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: Nye County,
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<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB0FF9A7D21FADA5EBEFAC2" box="[627,704,1366,1390]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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Test Site, Area 12 desert near Mercury, 3300’,
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7BF1FADA5959FAC2" box="[1187,1319,1366,1390]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-07-15">15 July 1962</date>
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(A.C. Cole NEV-721). Additional
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<typeStatus id="54818849FFB0FF9A7EFCFAF95E7BFA21" box="[430,517,1397,1421]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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series from same locality,
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7C45FAF85FE3FA20" box="[791,925,1396,1420]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-07-15">15 July 1962</date>
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—A.C. Cole NEV-722: LACM (
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7BB5FAF95930FA20" box="[1255,1358,1396,1421]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">3 workers</specimenCount>
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, 3 alate queens,
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7E49FA1F5D11FA07" box="[283,367,1427,1451]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
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||
):
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7ED2FA1F5E79FA07" box="[384,519,1427,1451]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-07-17">17 July 1962</date>
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—A.C. Cole NEV-739: USNM (
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7C00FA1F5FAAFA07" box="[850,980,1427,1451]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">101 workers</specimenCount>
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, 7 alate queens, 1 dealate queen,
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7A78FA1F5903FA07" box="[1322,1405,1427,1451]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
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);
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7AC2FA1F5D52FA66" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-07-04">4 July 1962</date>
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||
—A.C. Cole NEV-741: LACM (
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7D23FA3E5EA6FA66" box="[625,728,1458,1482]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 alate queens,
|
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7C29FA3E5FBDFA66" box="[891,963,1458,1482]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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||
), UAIC (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7B4CFA3E58F9FA66" box="[1054,1159,1458,1482]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
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||
);
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7BCAFA3E595EFA66" box="[1176,1312,1458,1482]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-06-20">20 June 1962</date>
|
||
—A.C. Cole NEV-744: LACM (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7EDCFA5C5D86FA44" box="[398,504,1488,1512]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">6 workers</specimenCount>
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);
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7D58FA5D5EF4FA44" box="[522,650,1488,1513]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-06-20">20 Jun 1962</date>
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—A.C. Cole NEV-745: LACM (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7C87FA5C583EFA44" box="[981,1088,1488,1512]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">6 workers</specimenCount>
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);
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<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7B00FA5D58A3FA44" box="[1106,1245,1488,1513]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-06-20">20 June 1962</date>
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—A.C. Cole NEV-757: LACM (
|
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<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7E05FA635DCDF9AB" box="[343,435,1519,1543]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
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, 1 alate queen,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7D04FA635EDFF9AB" box="[598,673,1519,1543]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7DE1FA635F3EF9AB" box="[691,832,1519,1543]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-06-20">20 June 1962</date>
|
||
—A.C. Cole NEV-758: LACM (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7BDDFA635889F9AB" box="[1167,1271,1519,1543]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">3 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 alate queens,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7F95F9825D64F98A" box="[199,282,1550,1574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB0FF9A7E7FF9825DD3F98A" box="[301,429,1550,1574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1962-06-23">23 Jun 1962</date>
|
||
—A.C. Cole NEV-759: LACM (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7DABF9825F1CF98A" box="[761,866,1550,1574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 alate queen,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB0FF9A7B50F9825832F98A" box="[1026,1100,1550,1574]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
). See also
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFB0FF9A7BEBF9825D53F9E9" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J." page="240" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB0FF9A7BEBF9825D53F9E9" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J." pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="233 - 246" refId="ref73549" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1972) Ant larvae of the subfamily Myrmicinae: second supplement on the tribes Myrmicini and Pheidolini. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 7, 233 - 246." type="journal article" year="1972">Wheeler and Wheeler, 1972: 240</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(larvae).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5F9C05F16F9CF" blockId="85.[151,1437,1335,1666]" box="[151,872,1611,1635]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFB0FF9A7FC5F9C05F16F9CF" box="[151,872,1611,1635]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7FC5F9C05D0EF9CF" ID-CoL="4283F" authority="(Cole)" baseAuthorityName="Cole" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[151,368,1611,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7FC5F9C05D58F9CF" box="[151,294,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Messor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
(Cole)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFB0FF9A7E28F9C75E4CF9CF" author="Bolton, B." box="[378,562,1611,1635]" page="341" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB0FF9A7E28F9C75E4CF9CF" author="Bolton, B." box="[378,562,1611,1635]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="307 - 370" refId="ref66249" refString="Bolton, B. (1982) Afrotropical species of the myrmicine ant genera Cardiocondyla, Leptothorax, Melissotarsus, Messor, and Cataulcus (Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 45 (4), 307 - 370." type="journal article" year="1982">Bolton, 1982: 341</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7C5DF9C05F24F9CF" ID-CoL="5Q45" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[783,858,1612,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7C5DF9C05F24F9CF" box="[783,858,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Messor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF9A7FC5F9E758BBF92E" blockId="85.[151,1437,1335,1666]" box="[151,1221,1642,1666]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2A11C5FFB0FF9A7FC5F9E758BBF92E" box="[151,1221,1642,1666]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7FC5F9E75DF4F92E" authority="Cole" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,394,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7FC5F9E75D2FF92E" box="[151,337,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
Cole
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B10FAFFB0FF9A7EC6F9E65F3FF92E" author="Ward, P. S. & Brady, S. G. & Fisher, B. L. & Schultz, T. R." box="[404,833,1642,1666]" page="13" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB0FF9A7EC6F9E65F3FF92E" author="Ward, P. S. & Brady, S. G. & Fisher, B. L. & Schultz, T. R." box="[404,833,1642,1666]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="61 - 81" refId="ref73206" refString="Ward, P. S., Brady, S. G., Fisher, B. L. & Schultz, T. R. (2015) The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology, 40 (1), 61 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12090" type="journal article" year="2015">Ward, Brady, Fisher, and Schultz 2015: 13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(revived combination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB0FF9A7B13F9E758C8F92E" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1089,1206,1643,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7B13F9E758C8F92E" box="[1089,1206,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Veromessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB0FF997FC5F93D5803FE7D" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB0FF997FC5F93D5803FE7D" blockId="85.[151,1436,1712,2027]" lastBlockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
W
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB0FF9A7FE0F93C5D0FF966" bold="true" box="[178,369,1712,1738]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">orker diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is uniquely characterized by the following combination of features: (1) yellowishred or dull reddish to reddish-brown, (2) medial lobe of clypeus smooth and shining, sometimes with rugae anterad, medial lobe not thick and protuberant in profile, not elevated above lateral lobes in frontal view, anteromedial margin often sharply depressed, (3) mandibles with 8, or rarely 9 teeth, (4) dorsal base of scape flattened and notably widened; maximum basal width of scape greater than maximum preapical width, (5) MOD less than to greater than OMD, OI> 24.5, (6) cephalic dorsum with prominent, wavy, longitudinal rugae that diverge toward posterior corners, rugae posterior to eyes usually becoming more irregular, often with short lateral branches, rugae sometimes fading or disappearing along posterior margin, becoming punctulate-granulate; interrugae on cephalic dorsum weakly coriarious or weakly granulate, weakly shining, (7) psammophore moderately well developed; ventral surface of head capsule with both J-shaped hairs and straight or evenly curved hairs, J-shaped hairs arranged in a V-shaped row which does not reach the posterior part of the lateroventral margin of the head capsule, (8) dorsum of pronotum with strongly irregular rugae to rugoreticulate, interrugae weakly to strongly coriarious or weakly granulate; sides of pronotum with strongly irregular rugae to weakly rugoreticulate, interrugae strongly granulate; mesonotum with strongly irregular longitudinal trending rugae to rugoreticulate; mesopleura with strongly irregular rugae to rugoreticulate dorsad, rugae mostly longitudinal ventrad, interrugae granulate, (9) propodeal spines triangular, acuminate; length less than to sometimes approaching the distance between their bases; infraspinal facet and propodeal declivity weakly sculptured, strongly shining, and (10) metasternal process small, more of less coniform, about as long as high, apex acuminate to bluntly subangulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB3FF997C96FE3B583BFE7D" box="[964,1093,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographs of the four categories of increasing psammophore development for species of Veromessor based on number and distribution of long J-shaped hairs on the ventral surface of the head capsule (= hypostomal region) (see text). Photograph of: (A) V. chicoensis (CASENT0923125)—J-shaped hairs mostly absent with scattered straight or evenly curved hairs, (B) V. andrei (CASENT0923140)—J-shaped hairs present but not arranged in a distinct row, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, (C) V. chamberlini (CASENT0761101) and (D) V. smithi (CASENT0923131)—J-shaped hairs present, arranged in a V-shaped row which does not reach the posterior part of the lateroventral margin of head capsule, usually mixed with straight or evenly curved hairs, and (E) V. pergandei (CASENT0923124)—J-shaped hairs present, many long J-shaped hairs arranged in a distinct row around the outer margin of the ventral region of the head capsule. Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318842/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figures 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB3FF997B03FE3A580FFE7D" box="[1105,1137,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[376,1211,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@88.[376,1212,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 45. Photograph of Veromessor smithi worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT00671466). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318932/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">45</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB3FF987F95FE57597FFD91" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF997F95FE575EB8FDCD" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95FE575D08FE59" bold="true" box="[199,374,475,501]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFB3FF997ED1FE575D9BFE59" box="[387,485,475,501]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997EA6FE575E7CFE58" box="[500,514,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8 +
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB3FF997D15FE575EA4FE59" box="[583,730,475,501]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">24 paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
). HL 1.50 (1.33–1.58); HW 1.50 (1.33–1.61); MOD 0.47 (0.38– 0.49); OMD 0.44 (0.32–0.48); SL 1.40 (1.23–1.44); PNW 0.92 (0.81–1.01); HFL 1.59 (1.38–1.77); ML 2.11 (1.76– 2.07); PW 0.29 (0.25–0.31); PPW 0.47 (0.37–0.46). Indices: SI 93.33 (84.83–98.50); CI 100.00 (97.79–108.27); OI 31.33 (24.84–33.57); HFI 106.00 (95.83–116.43).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF997F95FDE65F6DFBF5" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95FDE65DEEFD28" bold="true" box="[199,400,618,644]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Queen diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by the following combination of features: (1) light ferruginous orange to orangish-red, gaster sometimes light orangish-brown, (2) medial lobe of clypeus mostly smooth and shining or rarely with irregular rugae, medial lobe not thick and protuberant in profile, not elevated above lateral lobes in frontal view, (3) mandibles with 8 teeth, (4) dorsal base of scape flattened and widened; maximum basal width of scape greater than maximum preapical width, (5) MOD slightly greater than OMD, (6) cephalic dorsum with longitudinal rugae that diverge toward posterior corners with rugae usually weakening to disappearing posterior to ocelli, weakly punctate-granulate, weakly shining; interrugae on cephalic dorsum weakly punctulate, weakly shining, (7) psammophore moderately well developed, (8) mesocutum and mesoscutellum smooth and shining with scattered piligerous punctures; anepisternum weakly shining and densely punctate between longitudinal rugae; katepisternum shinier, with weaker rugae or mostly granulate, but usually smooth and arugose anteroventrally, (9) propodeum with weak irregular longitudinal and oblique rugae; propodeal spines triangular, acuminate, length about the same as width at base; length much less than distance between their bases; interspinal surface and propodeal declivity weakly coriarious, shining, and (10) metasternal process small, more or less coniform, about as long as high, apex acuminate to bluntly subangulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB3FF997DC6FBB35F78FBF5" box="[660,774,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="89.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[418,1170,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-18@89.[418,1170,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 46. Photograph of Veromessor smithi alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT00671476). Photographs by Wade Lee from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318934/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figure 46</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF997F95FBEF5EEBFB69" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95FBEF5D08FBD1" bold="true" box="[199,374,1123,1149]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997EDDFBEF5DE3FBD0" box="[399,413,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8 +
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB3FF997EBEFBEF5E0DFBD1" box="[492,627,1123,1149]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">4 paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
). HL 1.40–1.63; HW 1.43–1.69; MOD 0.41–0.48; OMD 0.30–0.45; SL 1.20–1.42; HFL 1.55–1.82; ML 2.06–2.38; PW 0.28–0.36; PPW 0.57–0.57. Indices: SI 82.99–93.75; CI 97.30– 106.25; OI 26.04–33.33; HFI 103.33–119.44.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF997F95FB435DBDF9A5" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95FB435DFBFB44" bold="true" box="[199,389,1230,1257]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Male diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by the following combination of features: (11) yellowish-brown to light medium brown, (12) medial lobe of clypeus abruptly depressed across anterior margin, anterior margin straight across middle, (13) preapical tooth small; mandibles with one or two minute denticles or teeth basad of preapical tooth, (14) anterior ocellus above level of top of eyes, (15) mesopleura very weakly sculptured, but anepisternum usually punctulate and with some widely spaced, very fine rugae; katepisternum mostly smooth and shining to weakly roughened, (16) propodeum weakly sculptured with some widely spaced, longitudinal rugae; spines or denticles absent; in profile, juncture of dorsal surface and propodeal declivity rounded to subangulate, (17) metasternal process elongate, slender, often with a withered look, and (18) subpetiolar process short, triangular to spine-like (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB3FF997E46FA635DF4F9A5" box="[276,394,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[378,1208,181,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[378,1208,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs of the metasternal process on males of Veromessor: (A) V. andrei (CASENT4010823), (B) V. chamberlini (UCRC_ENT00500152), (C)V.chicoensis (CASENT0869853), (D) V.julianus (LACMENT359792),(E)V.lariversi (CASENT0761204), (F) V. lobognathus (LACMENT363986), (G) V. pergandei (CASENT0869850), (H) V. pseudolariversi (CASENT0869851), (I) V. smithi (LACMENT364071), and (J) V. stoddardi (LACMENT364102). Photographs by Robert Johnson from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318831/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figures 1I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB3FF997EC4FA635DC8F9A5" box="[406,438,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[418,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@90.[418,1169,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 47. Photograph of Veromessor smithi paratype male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (LACMENT364058). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www.AntWeb.org." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318936/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF997F95F99F58EEF9D9" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95F99F5D08F981" bold="true" box="[199,374,1555,1581]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997EDDF99F5DE3F980" box="[399,413,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5 +
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB3FF997EBEF99F5E0AF981" box="[492,628,1555,1581]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">7 paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
). HL 0.77–0.91; HW 0.68–0.75; MOD 0.34–0.41; OMD 0.08–0.11; SL 0.23–0.36; HFL 1.42–1.75; ML 1.91–2.29; PW 0.26–0.31; PPW 0.39–0.51;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB3FF997CB5F9BB585AF9FD" box="[999,1060,1591,1617]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">AOD</collectingRegion>
|
||
0.09–0.12; IOD 0.23–0.30; OOD 0.19–0.27. Indices: SI 31.04–50.00; CI 80.23–90.91; OI 49.28–60.29; HFI 201.33–247.14.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB3FF987F95F9F2597FFD91" blockId="86.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997F95F9F25FF7F935" bold="true" box="[199,905,1662,1689]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D767BFFB3FF997D6BF9F35F67F934" box="[569,793,1662,1689]" name="United States of America" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997C76F9F35FFEF935" bold="true" box="[804,896,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB3FF997C76F9F35FFEF935" box="[804,896,1663,1689]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB3FF997CC2F9F3586CF935" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[912,1042,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Derbidae" genus="Apache" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997CC2F9F3586CF935" box="[912,1042,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Apache Co.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Carrizo Mtns at Black Rock Dike,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997FC5F92F5C91F911" box="[151,239,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.033" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2033.0">2033 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997FAEF92F5DF0F911" box="[252,398,1699,1725]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2009-06-12">Jun 12, 2009</date>
|
||
(MCZC); Carrizo Mts at Red Goat Wash,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997C20F92F5FB4F911" box="[882,970,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.724" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="1724.0">1724 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997C85F92F5825F911" box="[983,1115,1698,1725]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2009-06-05">Jun 5, 2009</date>
|
||
(MCZC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997B86F92F590FF911" box="[1236,1393,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Coconino Co.</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997AD2F92F5CC5F94D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
W Cameron on old Rt 64,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997EBCF94B5E38F94D" box="[494,582,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.746" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="1746.0">1746 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997D01F94B5EA3F94D" box="[595,733,1735,1761]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2011-07-28">Jul 28, 2011</date>
|
||
(MCZC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997C07F94B5FA6F94D" box="[853,984,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mohave Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997CBCF94B585CF94D" box="[1006,1058,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
NW Nixon Springs,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997A42F94B59E2F94D" box="[1296,1436,1734,1761]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1969-08-05">Aug 5, 1969</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997E5AF9675DF1F8A9" box="[264,399,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Yavapai Co.</emphasis>
|
||
: Prescott National Forest, USFS Rd 680 at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997C20F9675FC7F8A9" box="[882,953,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="0.4">0.4 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Hwy 89 &
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997B02F96758E6F8A9" box="[1104,1176,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14263424" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="7.1">7.1 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Paulden, 4850’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997A3CF9675C84F885" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1993-03-10">Mar 10, 1993</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997E4CF8835DCAF885" box="[286,436,1807,1833]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1999-04-20">Apr 20, 1999</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997E8BF8835E1AF885" box="[473,612,1806,1833]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1999-07-25">Jul 25, 1999</date>
|
||
(RAJC; UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997C7DF8825FCEF885" bold="true" box="[815,944,1806,1833]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997C7DF8825FD9F885" bold="true" box="[815,935,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB3FF997C7DF8825FD9F885" box="[815,935,1806,1833]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB3FF997CEAF8835867F885" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[952,1049,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Inyo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997CEAF883586CF885" box="[952,1042,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Inyo Co</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997B7AF883580FF885" box="[1064,1137,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7248512" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="4.8">4.8 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW Independence, 5580’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997FC5F8BF5D49F8E1" box="[151,311,1843,1869]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2008-05-24">May 24, 2008</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997EF5F8BF5E5BF8E1" box="[423,549,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lassen Co.</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997D64F8BF5E0FF8E1" box="[566,625,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
SE Wendel,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997C55F8BF5F1EF8E1" box="[775,864,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="1230.0">1230 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997C3FF8BF5F93F8E1" box="[877,1005,1843,1869]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2002-07-07">Jul 7, 2002</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997B34F8BE58AFF8E1" bold="true" box="[1126,1233,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB3FF997B34F8BE58AFF8E1" box="[1126,1233,1842,1869]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997BB0F8BF5909F8E1" box="[1250,1399,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Huerfano Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997ADCF8BF5CCBF8DD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Walsenburg,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997E3FF8DB5E74F8DD" box="[365,522,1878,1905]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1951-08-26">Aug 26, 1951</date>
|
||
(LACM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997DD5F8DA5E99F8DD" bold="true" box="[647,743,1878,1905]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997DD5F8DA5EA0F8DD" bold="true" box="[647,734,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB3FF997DD5F8DA5EA0F8DD" box="[647,734,1878,1905]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB3FF997DA2F8DB5FE4F8DD" authority="Co." authorityName="Co." box="[752,922,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Esmeralda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997DA2F8DB5FEAF8DD" box="[752,916,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Esmeralda Co</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997CF9F8DB5F90F8DD" box="[939,1006,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 mi</quantity>
|
||
WNW Tonapah, 4800’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997A5AF8DB59E2F8DD" box="[1288,1436,1879,1905]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1970-06-19">Jun 19, 1970</date>
|
||
(LACM);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997E5BF8F75D42F839" box="[265,316,1915,1941]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
NW Pigeon Spring, 6100’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997D21F8F75F71F839" box="[627,783,1915,1941]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1970-05-28">May 28, 1970</date>
|
||
(RAJC); Lida Junction, 4800’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB3FF997FC5F8135DBCF815" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[151,450,1951,1977]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997E85F8135E61F815" box="[471,543,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2530816" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="1.4">1.4 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Lida, 5910’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997D82F8135F1FF815" box="[720,865,1951,1977]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2020-06-16">Jun 16, 2020</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997C9CF8135833F815" box="[974,1101,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Eureka Co.</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997B0EF81258EEF815" box="[1116,1168,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
|
||
SSW Beowawe, 4500’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997FC5F84F5D6AF871" box="[151,276,1987,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1971-07-02">Jul 2, 1971</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997ED3F84F5E67F871" box="[385,537,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Humboldt Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB3FF997D7DF84F5E1CF871" box="[559,610,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
SSW Denio, 5200’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB3FF997C19F84F5FACF871" box="[843,978,1987,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1970-04-02">Apr 2, 1970</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB3FF997B6DF84F58C7F871" box="[1087,1209,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lander Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Big Smoky Valley (T17N, R45E, Sect 6), 6100’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987EBAFF1B5E08FF1D" box="[488,630,151,177]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1971-05-03">May 3, 1971</date>
|
||
(RAJC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DB0FF1B5F21FF1D" box="[738,863,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Lincoln Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987C26FF1B5FD9FF1D" box="[884,935,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Panaca, 5800’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987FC5FF375DBFFF79" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[151,449,187,213]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987E87FF375E76FF79" box="[469,520,187,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi</quantity>
|
||
W Caliente, 5600’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987B4FFF375939FF79" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[1053,1351,187,213]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987A0EFF3759E3FF79" box="[1372,1437,187,213]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW Crystal Springs, 5500’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987C57FF535851FF55" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[773,1071,223,249]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987B10FF5358DFFF55" box="[1090,1185,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Lyon Co</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987BE5FF535894FF55" box="[1207,1258,223,249]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
|
||
SSE Yerington, 4600’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987FBAFE8F5DF9FEB1" box="[232,391,259,285]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1971-05-20">May 20, 1971</date>
|
||
(RAJC); 16 rd mi SSE Yerington, 5200’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987C3AFE8F5F85FEB1" box="[872,1019,259,285]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1979-06-16">Jun 16, 1979</date>
|
||
(LACM); Pine Grove Rd at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987A17FE8F59E3FEB1" box="[1349,1437,259,285]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.70590464" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="10.6">10.6 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Jct Hwy 208, 5200’,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987EF1FEAB5E4FFEED" box="[419,561,295,321]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="2018-07-23">Jul 23, 2018</date>
|
||
(NHMW; RAJC);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987C5CFEAB5F37FEED" box="[782,841,295,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Silver Springs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987B64FEAB58F1FEED" box="[1078,1167,295,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1380.0">1380 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987BCFFEAB594AFEED" box="[1181,1332,295,321]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1993-09-29">Sep 29, 1993</date>
|
||
(RAJC); Churchill Butte, 6000’ &
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987EEFFEC75E68FEC9" box="[445,534,331,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1830.0">1830 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987D76FEC75EC8FEC9" box="[548,694,330,357]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1975-06-11">Jun 11, 1975</date>
|
||
&
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987D8CFEC75F23FEC9" box="[734,861,331,357]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1994-07-03">Jul 3, 1994</date>
|
||
(RAJC; UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987B7EFEC758CEFEC9" box="[1068,1200,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Mineral Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Dead Horse Wells, 4100’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987D4AFEE35F3FFE25" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[536,833,367,393]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Petrified Summit, 6200’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987FC5FE1F5DBCFE01" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[151,450,403,429]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987E84FE1F5E54FE01" box="[470,554,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Nye Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Hot Creek Valley at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987C74FE1F5F19FE01" box="[806,871,403,429]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE Warm Springs, 5200’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987F91FE3B5D8DFE7D" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[195,499,439,465]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987D5BFE3B5E40FE7D" box="[521,574,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Tonopah, 5600’, no date (not examined; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987B32FE3B59EEFE7D" author="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N." box="[1120,1424,439,465]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref73623" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. N. (1986) The Ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, 138 pp." type="book" year="1986">Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987FC5FE575D7BFE59" box="[151,261,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Storey Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Clark Mine at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987EE9FE575E7FFE59" box="[443,513,475,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
|
||
E Sparks,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987D2BFE575EB1FE59" box="[633,719,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1420.0">1420 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987D88FE575F08FE59" box="[730,886,475,501]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1994-05-24">May 24, 1994</date>
|
||
(not examined; M. Bennett, pers. comm.);
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987A04FE5759E2FE59" box="[1366,1436,475,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
WSW Fernley,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987E10FE735DE6FDB5" box="[322,408,511,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1430.0">1430 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987EF0FE735E62FDB5" box="[418,540,511,537]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1994-07-03">Jul 3, 1994</date>
|
||
(UCDC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DC2FE735F61FDB5" bold="true" box="[656,799,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987DC2FE735F61FDB5" box="[656,799,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987C7EFE735FC7FDB5" box="[812,953,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">San Juan Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Carrizo Mtns at Arnold Cliff Ranch,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987A36FE735CD1FD91" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.824" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1824.0">1824 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84102BFFB2FF987FEBFDAF5D2DFD91" box="[185,339,547,573]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="2010-08-20">Aug 20, 2010</date>
|
||
(MCZC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987E98FDAF5E5FFD91" bold="true" box="[458,545,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987E98FDAF5E5FFD91" box="[458,545,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987D62FDAF5EC6FD91" box="[560,696,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Malheur Co</emphasis>
|
||
.: Jct Hwys 95 & 78, no date (LACM) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB2FF987B22FDAF588BFD91" box="[1136,1269,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[425,1163,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-26@78.[425,1163,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 41. Geographic distribution of: (A) Veromessor pergandei, (B) V. pseudolariversi, and (C) V. smithi. The larger black circle in panels B & C denotes the type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318924/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 41C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB2FF987F95FDCB5D50FD29" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FDCB5D50FD29" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987F95FDCB5D30FDCD" bold="true" box="[199,334,583,609]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was named after Dr. M.R. Smith, who spent numerous years dedicated to the meticulous study of ants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB2FF987F95FD025D55FAA1" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FD025E22FC09" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987F95FD025D32FD04" bold="true" box="[199,332,654,680]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987E0BFD035E52FD05" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[345,556,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987E0BFD035E52FD05" box="[345,556,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is broadly sympatric with several congeners including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987B9AFD03590DFD05" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1224,1395,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987B9AFD03590DFD05" box="[1224,1395,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lobognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987ADAFD035C88FD61" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lariversi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987ADAFD035C88FD61" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lariversi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987E6AFD3F5E7AFD61" box="[312,516,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudolariversi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987E6AFD3F5E7AFD61" box="[312,516,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. pseudolariversi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987DCEFD3F5F15FD61" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[668,875,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DCEFD3F5F15FD61" box="[668,875,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987B06FD3F5885FD61" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1108,1275,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987B06FD3F5885FD61" box="[1108,1275,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lobognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on: (1) propodeal spines short, length less than distance between their bases
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987CC0FD5A5FC0FD5D" bold="true" box="[914,958,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">and</emphasis>
|
||
length <0.5× MOD, (2) eyes larger (MOD = 0.38–0.49, OI = 24.8–33.5), and (3) area between eyes and frontal lobes weakly coriarious and weakly shining to shining between faint to prominent weakly irregular to regular rugae. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987CE7FC935827FC95" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[949,1113,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987CE7FC935827FC95" box="[949,1113,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lobognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) propodeal spines longer, length greater than distance between their bases
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DEBFCCE5E9BFCF1" bold="true" box="[697,741,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">and</emphasis>
|
||
length> 1.0× MOD, (2) eyes smaller (MOD = 0.31–0.41, OI = 20.5–25.0), and (3) area between eyes and frontal lobes strongly granulate and dull between prominent strongly irregular rugae to weakly rugoreticulate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FC235DE3FBD1" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987E1EFC235E64FC65" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[332,538,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987E1EFC235E64FC65" box="[332,538,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separted from
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DA2FC235811FC65" box="[752,1135,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987DA2FC235F15FC65" box="[752,875,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lariversi">V. lariversi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987CF7FC235811FC65" box="[933,1135,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudolariversi">V. pseudolariversi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by: (1) larger in size (HW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987FFCFC5F5D28FC41" box="[174,342,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" metricValueMax="1.61" metricValueMin="1.33" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.47" valueMax="1.61" valueMin="1.33">1.33–1.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
), (2) concolorous orangish-brown to rust colored, (3) maximum basal width of scape greater than maximum preapical width, and (4) mandibles with 8, or rarely 9 teeth. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987CBFFC7B5816FBBD" box="[1005,1128,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lariversi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987CBFFC7B5816FBBD" box="[1005,1128,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lariversi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987BF3FC7B5912FBBD" box="[1185,1388,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudolariversi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987BF3FC7B5912FBBD" box="[1185,1388,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. pseudolariversi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) smaller in size (HW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987EF6FB975E30FB99" box="[420,590,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.37" metricValueMin="0.93" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.37" valueMin="0.93">0.93–1.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
), (2) body concolorous light yellowish to yellowish-orange or yellowishred, gaster often slightly darker, (3) maximum basal width of scape less than maximum preapical width, and (4) mandibles with 7 teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FB0B5DA1FB69" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CB6FFB2FF987F95FB0B5DA5FB69" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3965991386" location="Test Site" municipality="Test Site in Area" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nevada">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54818849FFB2FF987FA8FB0B5D54FB0D" box="[250,298,1159,1185]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987EE1FB0B5E6DFB0D" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[435,531,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987EE1FB0B5E6DFB0D" box="[435,531,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987D0FFB0B5ECDFB0D" box="[605,691,1159,1185]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1AC91FFB2FF987DEBFB0B5F0CFB0D" box="[697,882,1159,1185]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Test Site in Area</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
12 (= Rainier Mesa), which is along the northern edge of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987E49FB275D0FFB69" box="[283,369,1195,1221]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8EE56030FFB2FF987E25FB275DA5FB69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FDFFB0FF987FC5FB275DD6F8E1:8EE56030FFB2FF987E25FB275DA5FB69" box="[375,475,1195,1221]" municipality="Test Site in Area" name="Test Site" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" stateProvince="Nevada">Test Site</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FB435D55FAA1" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
A molecular phylogeny that used UCEs shows
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987D82FB435F4CFB45" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[720,818,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987D82FB435E9FFB44" box="[720,737,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DBCFB435F4CFB45" box="[750,818,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987C35FB435871FB45" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[871,1039,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987C35FB435F06FB44" box="[871,888,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987CD7FB435871FB45" box="[901,1039,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">lobognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are sister lineages (M.L. Borowiec, unpub. data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206560FFB2FF987F95FA9A5DD6F8E1" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FA9A582AFA31" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987F95FA9A5D59FA9C" bold="true" box="[199,295,1302,1328]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Little is known about the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987D90FA9B5F5FFA9D" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[706,801,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987D90FA9B5F5FFA9D" box="[706,801,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Workers are solitary, crepuscular and nocturnal foragers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987FCDFAB75D63FAF9" author="Cole, A. C." box="[159,285,1339,1365]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="678 - 682" refId="ref67279" refString="Cole, A. C. (1963) A new species of Veromessor from the Nevada test site and notes on related species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 56 (5), 678 - 682. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 56.5.678" type="journal article" year="1963">Cole, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987E7AFAB75D1DFAF9" author="Cole, A. C." box="[296,355,1339,1365]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref67338" refString="Cole, A. C. (1966) Ants of the Nevada test site. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin - Biological Series, 7 (3), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; M. Bennett, pers. comm.). Nests are placed in open, exposed areas and typically consist of one to two small circular craters about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987EACFAD25E13FAD5" box="[510,621,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987C53FAD35FFFFAD5" author="Cole, A. C." box="[769,897,1375,1401]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref67338" refString="Cole, A. C. (1966) Ants of the Nevada test site. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin - Biological Series, 7 (3), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1966">Cole, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Colonies are small, with one excavated colony containing
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB2FF987E46FA0E5DDCFA31" box="[276,418,1410,1437]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="worker">275 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 dealate queen, 27 alate queens, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD62FFB2FF987C06FA0F5FC6FA31" box="[852,952,1411,1437]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="male">97 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987C95FA0F5839FA31" author="Cole, A. C." box="[967,1095,1411,1437]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="678 - 682" refId="ref67279" refString="Cole, A. C. (1963) A new species of Veromessor from the Nevada test site and notes on related species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 56 (5), 678 - 682. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 56.5.678" type="journal article" year="1963">Cole, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FA2B58B6FA49" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Gland chemistry has not been examined in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DE0FA2B5F65FA6D" box="[690,795,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987DE0FA2B5F69FA6D" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[690,791,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">V. smithi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Like other small-colony congeners, workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987A69FA2B59E2FA6D" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[1339,1436,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987A69FA2B59E2FA6D" box="[1339,1436,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a small pygidial gland reservoir and lack a textured tergal cuticle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987CE5FA4758C2FA49" author="Holldobler, B. & Plowes, N. J. R. & Johnson, R. A. & Nishshanka, U. & Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B." box="[951,1212,1483,1509]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="863 - 869" refId="ref69008" refString="Holldobler, B., Plowes, N. J. R., Johnson, R. A., Nishshanka, U., Liu, C. & Attygalle, A. B. (2013) Pygidial gland chemistry and potential alarm-recruitment function in column foraging, but not solitary, Nearctic Messor harvesting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 59 (9), 863 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jinsphys. 2013.06.006" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Hölldobler
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987B6BFA47580CFA49" box="[1081,1138,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95FA635F30F9FD" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Mating flights have not been observed, but sexuals have been collected in nests from 12 Jun–27 July (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987A0DFA635CADF981" author="Cole, A. C." pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref67338" refString="Cole, A. C. (1966) Ants of the Nevada test site. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin - Biological Series, 7 (3), 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1966">Cole, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting that mating flights occur during late June–July. One dealate brachypterous queen was also examined by RAJ (RAJC; Wheeler and Wheeler NEV#1709).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8536EBFFB2FF987F95F9D75DD6F8E1" blockId="87.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987F95F9D75DECF9D9" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[199,402,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987F95F9D75DECF9D9" box="[199,402,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Veromessor smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs at elevations from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B0EFFB2FF987DE6F9D65F34F9D9" box="[692,842,1626,1653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5175" metricValueMax="2.275" metricValueMin="0.76" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="1517.5" valueMax="2275.0" valueMin="760.0">760–2,275 m</quantity>
|
||
. It appears to be most common in pinyon pine-juniper habitats similar to those inhabited by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987D1BF9F35E8FF935" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[585,753,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987D1BF9F35E8FF935" box="[585,753,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. lobognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Collections from southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987B3AF9F358C1F935" box="[1128,1215,1663,1689]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
, northwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987A35F9F35C91F911" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and southcentral
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987EEAF92F5E5EF911" box="[440,544,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D68FFB2FF987DE7F92F5F6AF911" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="1963" box="[693,788,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Veromessor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DE7F92F5F6AF911" box="[693,788,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">V. smithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much more widely distributed than indicated by current records, and it also likely occurs in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987D4DF94B5E2BF94D" box="[543,597,1735,1761]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Utah</collectingRegion>
|
||
and western
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987DBAF94B5F2AF94D" box="[744,852,1735,1761]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This species occurs in the Great Basin shrub steppe, Snake–Columbia shrub steppe,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987EA8F9675E1CF8A9" box="[506,610,1771,1797]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
Plateau shrublands,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF809FFB2FF987C1AF9675FDCF8A9" box="[840,930,1771,1797]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
Mountains forests, Western short grasslands, and Mohave desert ecoregions, as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B1AFFB2FF987DF4F8835FFDF885" author="Olson, D. M. & Dinerstein, E. & Wikramanayake, E. D. & Burgess, N. D. & Powell, G. V. N. & Underwood, E. C. & D'Amico, J. A. & Itoua, I. & Strand, H. E. & Morrison, J. C. & Loucks, C. J. & Allnutt, T. F. & Ricketts, T. H. & Kura, Y. & Lamoreux, J. F. & Wettengel, W. W. & Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R." box="[678,899,1807,1833]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="933 - 938" refId="ref70788" refString="Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P. & Kassem, K. R. (2001) Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience, 51 (11), 933 - 938. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2001) 051 [0933: TEOTWA] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Olson
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEAF9FFB2FF987DA0F8835F53F885" box="[754,813,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; the two Mohave desert records are from midelevations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A6EFFB2FF987E45F8BF5DE2F8E1" box="[279,412,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[425,1163,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-26@78.[425,1163,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 41. Geographic distribution of: (A) Veromessor pergandei, (B) V. pseudolariversi, and (C) V. smithi. The larger black circle in panels B & C denotes the type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7318924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7318924/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 41C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |