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<mods:title id="99F7F9A3E4A7465CE84273B359DBC903">Review of grapsoid families for the establishment of a new family for Leptograpsodes Montgomery, 1931, and a new genus of Gecarcinidae H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsoidea MacLeay, 1838)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A0BA93F7B73976516CC653951C905E3">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, case postale 53, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) guinot @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8B8536A4FF902628FC461AC5FAF3FF2B" blockId="31.[957,1311,215,242]" box="[957,1311,215,242]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBF61ACAFAF3FF2B" ID-CoL="7NKHM" authority="Dana, 1851" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[1037,1311,215,242]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
PLAGUSIIDAE
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB651ACAFAF3FF2B" author="DANA J. D." box="[1182,1311,215,242]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="247 - 254" refId="ref50710" refString="DANA J. D. 1851. - Conspectus Crustaceorum quae in Orbis Terrarum circumnavigatione, Carolo Wilkes e Classe Reipublicae Foederatae Duce. Crustacea Grapsoidea (Cyclometopa, Edwardsii). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 5 (10): 247 - 254." type="journal article" year="1851">Dana, 1851</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="C320652FFF902628FCD61B03FB37FE84" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FF902628FCD61B03FB37FE84" blockId="31.[811,1456,272,349]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">
INCLUDED GENERA. —
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBED1B02FB13FEF1" ID-CoL="7PSGX" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[1046,1279,272,296]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBED1B02FB89FEF1" box="[1046,1125,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Plagusia</emphasis>
Latreille, 1804
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FAF01B03FC8FFE9A" ID-CoL="7P85T" authority="Guinot, 2007" authorityName="Guinot" authorityYear="2007" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Davusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FAF01B03FAB5FEF1" box="[1291,1369,273,296]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Davusia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FA9A1B02FC8FFE9A" author="GUINOT D." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="27 - 33" refId="ref53316" refString="GUINOT D. 2007. - A new genus of the family Plagusiidae Dana, 1851, close to Plagusia Latreille, 1804 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zootaxa 1498: 27 - 33." type="journal article" year="2007">Guinot, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC911B39FB51FE9A" ID-CoL="7PHQ4" authority="Schubart &amp; Cuesta, 2010" authorityName="Schubart &amp; Cuesta" authorityYear="2010" box="[874,1213,299,323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FC911B39FC2DFE9B" box="[874,961,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Guinusia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FC3D1B39FB51FE9A" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A." box="[966,1213,299,323]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="279 - 299" refId="ref61569" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. 2010. - Phylogenetic relationships of the Plagusiidae Dana, 1851 (Brachyura), with description of a new genus and recognition of Percnidae Stevcic, 2005, as an independent family, in CASTRO P., DAVIE P. J. F., NG P. K. L. &amp; RICHER DE FORGES B. (eds), Studies on Brachyura: A Homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs 11: 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="2010">Schubart &amp; Cuesta, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FB3D1B39FC2CFE84" ID-CoL="7NZ9S" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1853" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Euchirograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FB3D1B39FABCFE9A" box="[1222,1360,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Euchirograpsus</emphasis>
H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FA8F1B39FC2CFE84" author="MILNE EDWARDS H." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="163 - 230" refId="ref57827" refString="MILNE EDWARDS H. 1853. - Observations sur les affinites zoologiques et la classification naturelle des Crustaces. Deuxieme tribu principale. Annales des Sciences naturelles Series 3 (Zoology) 20: 163 - 230, pls 6 - 11. [Reprinted in undated &quot; Melanges Carcinologiques &quot;: 129 - 196]." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FC301B54FBA0FE84" box="[971,1100,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Miersograpsus</emphasis>
Türkay, 1978.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C320652FFF902628FCD61B85FC7DFE76" box="[813,913,407,433]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FF902628FCD61B85FC7DFE76" blockId="31.[811,1457,407,1007]" box="[813,913,407,433]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">REMARKS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8536A4FF902628FCD61BA4FBD2FC36" blockId="31.[811,1457,407,1007]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FCA01BA4FC3BFE09" ID-CoL="7NKHM" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[859,983,438,464]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plagusiidae</taxonomicName>
, traditionally treated as a subfamily of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FA941BA5FC8EFE29" ID-CoL="7NHQ8" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Grapsidae</taxonomicName>
and comprising five genera (
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FB5A1BC4FAD6FE29" ID-CoL="7NZ9S" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[1185,1338,470,496]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Euchirograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FB5A1BC4FAD6FE29" box="[1185,1338,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Euchirograpsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FA881BC5FC65FDC9" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Miersograpsus</emphasis>
are not studied here), was raised to full family status by Sternberg &amp; Cumberlidge (1998),
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB471804FA43FDE8" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L." box="[1212,1455,534,561]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="327 - 336" refId="ref61717" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2000. - On the identities of the rafting crabs Cancer depressus Fabricius, 1775, Cancer squamosus Herbst, 1790, Plagusia immaculata Lamarck, 1818, and Plagusia tuberculata Lamarck, 1818 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Plagusiidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 48 (2): 327 - 336." type="journal article" year="2000">Schubart &amp; Ng (2000)</bibRefCitation>
(see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FC6A1824FB46FD89" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A." box="[913,1194,566,592]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="61 - 84" refId="ref61505" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. 1998. - The first zoeal stages of four Sesarma species from Panama, with identification keys and remarks on the American Sesarminae (Crustacea: Brachyura: Grapsidae). Journal of Plankton Research 20: 61 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / plankt / 20.1.61" type="journal article" year="1998">Cuesta &amp; Schubart 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB411824FAD0FD89" author="DAVIE P. J. F." box="[1210,1340,566,592]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" refId="ref50907" refString="DAVIE P. J. F. 2002. - Crustacea: Malacostraca. Eucarida (Part 2). Decapoda Anomura, Brachyura, in WELLS A. &amp; HOUSTON W. W. K. (eds), Zological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 19.3 B. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, xiv + 641 p." type="book" year="2002">Davie 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAB71824FC4BFDA9" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. &amp; DIESEL R. &amp; FELDER D. L." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="179 - 190" refId="ref61904" refString="SCHUBART C. D., CUESTA J. A., DIESEL R. &amp; FELDER D. L. 2000 b. - Molecular phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of non-marine lineages within the American grapsoid crabs (Crustacea: Brach- yura). Molecular Phylogenetic Evolution 15 (2): 179 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / mpev. 1999.0754" type="journal article" year="2000">
Schubart
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FCD61845FCB2FDA9" box="[813,862,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2000b
</bibRefCitation>
, 2002;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FC031844FB6FFDA9" author="GUINOT D." box="[1016,1155,598,624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="27 - 33" refId="ref53316" refString="GUINOT D. 2007. - A new genus of the family Plagusiidae Dana, 1851, close to Plagusia Latreille, 1804 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zootaxa 1498: 27 - 33." type="journal article" year="2007">Guinot 2007</bibRefCitation>
; N. K.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB2B1844FA89FDA9" author="NG N. K. &amp; DAVIE P. J. F. &amp; SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L." box="[1232,1381,598,624]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="233 - 256" refId="ref58762" refString="NG N. K., DAVIE P. J. F., SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2007. - Xenograpsidae, a new family of grapsoid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) associated with shallow water hydrothermal vents. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 16: 233 - 256." type="journal article" year="2007">
Ng
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FB0C1845FAC5FDA9" box="[1271,1321,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FA8A1844FBE8FD49" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="279 - 299" refId="ref61569" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. 2010. - Phylogenetic relationships of the Plagusiidae Dana, 1851 (Brachyura), with description of a new genus and recognition of Percnidae Stevcic, 2005, as an independent family, in CASTRO P., DAVIE P. J. F., NG P. K. L. &amp; RICHER DE FORGES B. (eds), Studies on Brachyura: A Homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs 11: 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="2010">Schubart &amp; Cuesta 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FBEA1864FB3FFD48" author="DAVIE P. J. F. &amp; GUINOT D. &amp; NG P. K. L." box="[1041,1235,630,657]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1049 - 1130" refId="ref51427" refString="DAVIE P. J. F., GUINOT D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2015 c. - Systematics and classification of Brachyura (Chapter 71 - 18), in CASTRO P., DAVIE P. J. F., GUINOT D., SCHRAM F. R. &amp; VON VAUPEL KLEIN J. C. (eds), Decapoda: Brachyura, Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. Vol. 9 C- 2, Crustacea. Brill, Leiden and Boston: 1049 - 1130." type="book chapter" year="2015">
Davie
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBAC1865FB66FD49" box="[1111,1162,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2015c
</bibRefCitation>
). The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FAA61865FA43FD49" ID-CoL="7PQSQ" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1373,1455,631,656]" class="Malacostraca" family="Percnidae" genus="Percnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FAA61865FA43FD49" box="[1373,1455,631,656]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Percnon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was removed from the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBDD1884FB72FD69" ID-CoL="7NKHM" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[1062,1182,662,688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plagusiidae</taxonomicName>
and finally recognised as a separate family,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC1018A7FBBAFD16" ID-CoL="7NKDP" authorityName="Stevcic" authorityYear="2005" box="[1003,1110,693,719]" class="Malacostraca" family="Percnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Percnidae</taxonomicName>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB7918A7FA48FD09" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A." box="[1154,1444,693,720]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="279 - 299" refId="ref61569" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. 2010. - Phylogenetic relationships of the Plagusiidae Dana, 1851 (Brachyura), with description of a new genus and recognition of Percnidae Stevcic, 2005, as an independent family, in CASTRO P., DAVIE P. J. F., NG P. K. L. &amp; RICHER DE FORGES B. (eds), Studies on Brachyura: A Homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs 11: 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="2010">Schubart &amp; Cuesta (2010)</bibRefCitation>
. Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC4218C7FBDAFD36" ID-CoL="7NKHM" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[953,1078,725,751]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plagusiidae</taxonomicName>
, from rocky shores or on exposed reefs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FC9418E7FC1BFCD6" author="ALCOCK A." box="[879,1015,757,783]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="279 - 456" refId="ref47880" refString="ALCOCK A. 1900. - The Brachyura Catometopa, or Grapsoidea. Materials for a carcinological fauna of India. No. 6. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 69 (3): 279 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15344" type="journal article" year="1900">Alcock 1900</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FBFF18E7FB4EFCD6" author="RATHBUN M. J." box="[1028,1186,757,783]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 161" refId="ref61063" refString="RATHBUN M. J. 1918. - The grapsoid crabs of America. United States National Museum Bulletin 97: xxii + 461 p., pls 1 - 161. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.97. i" type="book chapter" year="1918">Rathbun 1918</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB4B18E4FAA4FCD6" author="DAWSON E. W." box="[1200,1352,757,784]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="37 - 45" refId="ref51528" refString="DAWSON E. W. 1987. - A key to the world species of Plagusia (Crustacea: Brachyura), with a new record of P. depressa tuberculata Lamarck from New Zealand. National Museum of New Zealand Records 3 (4): 37 - 45." type="journal article" year="1987">Dawson 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAAD18E4FC63FCF6" author="EMMERSON W. D." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" refId="ref52082" refString="EMMERSON W. D. 2016. - A Guide to, and Checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Volume 2: x + 745 p.; vol. 3: x + 711 p." type="book" year="2016">Emmerson 2016</bibRefCitation>
), are able to extensively swim (sideways swimming) thanks to specialised modifications: on the postero-dorsal regions of carpi, propodi and dactyli of P2-P5, dense fringes of long pinnate setae can stand erect for the propulsive stroke or lie flat for the forward recovery stroke; their swimming method gave them the name of “rafting crabs” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAAB19A7FC7EFC36" author="HARTNOLL R. G." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="34 - 50" refId="ref53898" refString="HARTNOLL R. G. 1971. - The occurrence, methods and significance of swimming in the Brachyura. Animal Behaviour 19 (1): 34 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0003 - 3472 (71) 80132 - X" type="journal article" year="1971">Hartnoll 1971: 44</bibRefCitation>
, figs 6b, 9A-C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FF902616FCD61E04FEE6FEA8" blockId="31.[810,1457,1046,2028]" lastBlockId="33.[132,775,215,369]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">
ADDITIONAL STERNAL AND MALE GENITAL CHARACTERS Whereas the traditional differentiating characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FAC71E26FA5CFB97" ID-CoL="7NKHM" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[1340,1456,1076,1102]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plagusiidae</taxonomicName>
are well established, sternal and male genital features must be documented. Proepistome either roughly triangular and prolonged inside median frontal incision (N. K.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAF41E86FA44FB77" author="NG N. K. &amp; DAVIE P. J. F. &amp; SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L." box="[1295,1448,1172,1198]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="233 - 256" refId="ref58762" refString="NG N. K., DAVIE P. J. F., SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2007. - Xenograpsidae, a new family of grapsoid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) associated with shallow water hydrothermal vents. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 16: 233 - 256." type="journal article" year="2007">
Ng
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FAC31E87FA86FB77" box="[1336,1386,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 6D), or shorter, blunt and not deeply inserted into front. Thoracic sternum subcircular (
<figureCitation id="13012A21FF902628FB811EC6FB05FB37" box="[1146,1257,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1895,1913]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,216,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-196@30.[702,1257,730,1277]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 8. — Pleon, thoracic sternum and genital region of Grapsoidea: A, D, G, J, M, thoracic sternum (brushed) with pleon; B, E, H, K, N, thoracic sternum (brushed) without pleon; C, F, I, L, O, genital region with gonopore and penis: A-C, Grapsidae: Grapsus grapsus Lamarck, 1801, ♂ 23.8 ×26.9 mm, Antilles, MNHN-IU-2013-10764 (=MNHN-B24641);D-F, Glyptograpsidae:Glyptograpsus jamaicensis (Benedict,1892),♂ 32.8 ×37.4 mm,Jamaica,MNHN-IU-2017-8401 (= MNHN-B127715); G-I, Percnidae: Percnon planissimum (Herbst, 1804), ♂ 29.7× 27.7 mm, Réunion Island,MNHN-IU-2010-19798 (=MNHN-B24534);J-L, Plagusiidae: Plagusia squamosa (Herbst, 1790), ♂ 43.6 ×46.3 mm, Marquesas Islands, MNHN-IU-2011-8947; M-O, Xenograpsidae: Xenograpsus testudinatus N. K. Ng, Huang &amp; Ho, 2000, ♂ 21.8 ×23.8 mm, NE Coast of Taiwan, MNHN-IU-2013-14995 (= MNHN-B30314). Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4336890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4336890/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Fig. 8J, K</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAFA1EC6FC8AFAD7" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="327 - 336" refId="ref61717" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2000. - On the identities of the rafting crabs Cancer depressus Fabricius, 1775, Cancer squamosus Herbst, 1790, Plagusia immaculata Lamarck, 1818, and Plagusia tuberculata Lamarck, 1818 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Plagusiidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 48 (2): 327 - 336." type="journal article" year="2000">Schubart &amp; Ng 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1D;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FC361EE1FB9EFAD7" author="NADERLOO R." box="[973,1138,1267,1294]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref58010" refString="NADERLOO R. 2011. - Grapsoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Zootaxa 3048: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="2011">Naderloo 2011</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 18f). Sternite 1 (narrow, triangular) and sternite 2 (of variable size and shape) forming a variously shaped, single piece located at a more or less lower level, but presence of suture 1/3, lined by setae. Suture 2/3 well marked, straight or curved. Sternites 3 and 4 completely fused without external mark, being only crossed medially by thick row of setae. Posterior emargination on sternite 8 low (
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC9E1FC1FC51FA34" ID-CoL="7PSGX" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[869,957,1491,1517]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FC9E1FC1FC51FA34" box="[869,957,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Plagusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC371FC6FBCFFA34" ID-CoL="7P85T" authorityName="Guinot" authorityYear="2007" box="[972,1059,1492,1517]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Davusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FC371FC6FBCFFA34" box="[972,1059,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Davusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBA61FC1FB52FA34" ID-CoL="7PHQ4" authorityName="Schubart &amp; Cuesta" authorityYear="2010" box="[1117,1214,1491,1517]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBA61FC1FB52FA34" box="[1117,1214,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Guinusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Sternite 8 wide, developed, exposed medially (
<figureCitation id="13012A21FF902628FBAD1FE1FB44F9D4" box="[1110,1192,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1895,1913]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,216,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-196@30.[702,1257,730,1277]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 8. — Pleon, thoracic sternum and genital region of Grapsoidea: A, D, G, J, M, thoracic sternum (brushed) with pleon; B, E, H, K, N, thoracic sternum (brushed) without pleon; C, F, I, L, O, genital region with gonopore and penis: A-C, Grapsidae: Grapsus grapsus Lamarck, 1801, ♂ 23.8 ×26.9 mm, Antilles, MNHN-IU-2013-10764 (=MNHN-B24641);D-F, Glyptograpsidae:Glyptograpsus jamaicensis (Benedict,1892),♂ 32.8 ×37.4 mm,Jamaica,MNHN-IU-2017-8401 (= MNHN-B127715); G-I, Percnidae: Percnon planissimum (Herbst, 1804), ♂ 29.7× 27.7 mm, Réunion Island,MNHN-IU-2010-19798 (=MNHN-B24534);J-L, Plagusiidae: Plagusia squamosa (Herbst, 1790), ♂ 43.6 ×46.3 mm, Marquesas Islands, MNHN-IU-2011-8947; M-O, Xenograpsidae: Xenograpsus testudinatus N. K. Ng, Huang &amp; Ho, 2000, ♂ 21.8 ×23.8 mm, NE Coast of Taiwan, MNHN-IU-2013-14995 (= MNHN-B30314). Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4336890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4336890/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Fig. 8L</figureCitation>
). Median line extending on sternite 8 and 7. (It should be noted that a long median line is already present [from somite 8 to 5] in the megalopa of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FCB01C41FBE4F9B5" ID-CoL="6L5JX" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[843,1032,1618,1645]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentipes">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FCB01C41FBE4F9B5" box="[843,1032,1618,1645]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Guinusia dentipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as shown by Gonzáles-Gordillo
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FA811C41FA5CF9B5" box="[1402,1456,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
[2000: fig. 1C]). Male gonopore (
<figureCitation id="13012A21FF902628FB631C60FB05F955" box="[1176,1257,1650,1676]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1895,1913]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,216,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-196@30.[702,1257,730,1277]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 8. — Pleon, thoracic sternum and genital region of Grapsoidea: A, D, G, J, M, thoracic sternum (brushed) with pleon; B, E, H, K, N, thoracic sternum (brushed) without pleon; C, F, I, L, O, genital region with gonopore and penis: A-C, Grapsidae: Grapsus grapsus Lamarck, 1801, ♂ 23.8 ×26.9 mm, Antilles, MNHN-IU-2013-10764 (=MNHN-B24641);D-F, Glyptograpsidae:Glyptograpsus jamaicensis (Benedict,1892),♂ 32.8 ×37.4 mm,Jamaica,MNHN-IU-2017-8401 (= MNHN-B127715); G-I, Percnidae: Percnon planissimum (Herbst, 1804), ♂ 29.7× 27.7 mm, Réunion Island,MNHN-IU-2010-19798 (=MNHN-B24534);J-L, Plagusiidae: Plagusia squamosa (Herbst, 1790), ♂ 43.6 ×46.3 mm, Marquesas Islands, MNHN-IU-2011-8947; M-O, Xenograpsidae: Xenograpsus testudinatus N. K. Ng, Huang &amp; Ho, 2000, ♂ 21.8 ×23.8 mm, NE Coast of Taiwan, MNHN-IU-2013-14995 (= MNHN-B30314). Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4336890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4336890/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Fig. 8L</figureCitation>
), in posteriormost location in relation to sternite 8, and penis very close to P5 coxa; however, junction of episternite 7 with sternite 8, thus gonopore separated:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBF51CC0FA6CF934" ID-CoL="4JHVW" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1038,1408,1746,1773]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBF51CC0FB52F935" box="[1038,1214,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Plagusia depressa</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
(see H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FCAA1CE0FBD5F8D5" author="MILNE EDWARDS H." box="[849,1081,1778,1804]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 531" refId="ref57747" refString="MILNE EDWARDS H. 1834, 1837, 1840. - Histoire Naturelle des Crustaces comprenant l'Anatomie, la Physiologie et la Classification de ces Animaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris. Vol. 1 (1834): xxxv + 468; vol. 2 (1837): 1 - 531 p.; Atlas (1840), 42 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16170" type="book chapter" year="1834">Milne Edwards 1834</bibRefCitation>
, 1837, 1844, Atlas, pl. 23, fig. 3d;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FCD71D00FBECF8F5" author="GUINOT D." box="[812,1024,1810,1836]" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref53121" refString="GUINOT D. 1979. - Morphologie et phylogenese des Brachyoures. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ser. A - Zoologie; 112): 1 - 354, pls 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="1979">Guinot 1979: 209</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 52E),
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FB781D00FAE8F8F2" ID-CoL="4JHX5" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1155,1284,1810,1835]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FB781D00FAE8F8F2" box="[1155,1284,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">P. squamosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see N. K.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FA771D00FC77F895" author="NG N. K. &amp; DAVIE P. J. F. &amp; SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="233 - 256" refId="ref58762" refString="NG N. K., DAVIE P. J. F., SCHUBART C. D. &amp; NG P. K. L. 2007. - Xenograpsidae, a new family of grapsoid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) associated with shallow water hydrothermal vents. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 16: 233 - 256." type="journal article" year="2007">
Ng
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FCD61D20FCB3F892" box="[813,863,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4C),
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBFC1D20FB2CF892" ID-CoL="6L5JX" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1031,1216,1841,1868]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentipes">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBFC1D20FB2CF892" box="[1031,1216,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Guinusia dentipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FB081D20FC8FF8B5" author="KARASAWA H. &amp; KATO H." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="259 - 275" refId="ref55795" refString="KARASAWA H. &amp; KATO H. 2001. - The systematic status of the genus Miosesarma Karasawa, 1989 with a phylogenetic analysis within the family Grapsidae and a review of fossil records (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Paleontological Research 5: 259 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Karasawa &amp; Kato 2001</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2.17, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FC171D40FBBFF8B2" ID-CoL="6L5JX" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1004,1107,1873,1899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentipes">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FC171D40FBBFF8B2" box="[1004,1107,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">P.dentipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FB6E1D40FADCF8B2" ID-CoL="9G4LV" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1173,1328,1873,1899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Davusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FB6E1D40FADCF8B2" box="[1173,1328,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Davusia glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FA9A1D43FC8AF852" author="GUINOT D." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref53121" refString="GUINOT D. 1979. - Morphologie et phylogenese des Brachyoures. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ser. A - Zoologie; 112): 1 - 354, pls 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="1979">Guinot 1979</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 18, fig. 9, as
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FF902628FBD51D63FB3CF852" ID-CoL="4JHW4" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[1070,1232,1905,1931]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FBD51D63FB3CF852" box="[1070,1232,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">Plagusia glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2007: 29);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FF902628FAA41D63FC77F872" author="GUINOT D. &amp; TAVARES M. &amp; CASTRO P." pageId="31" pageNumber="576" pagination="1 - 414" refId="ref53507" refString="GUINOT D., TAVARES M. &amp; CASTRO P. 2013. - Significance of sexual openings and supplementary structures on the phylogeny of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zootaxa 3665 (1): 1 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3665.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Guinot
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FF902628FCD61D80FCB3F872" box="[813,863,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="576">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 23B, 33B, C). Penis short, consisting of wide sclerotised portion and small papilla. Presence of strong, efficient press button, with remarkable microstructure, likely functional throughout life in females (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FDDC1AC5FF15FEC8" author="GUINOT D. &amp; BOUCHARD J. - M." pageId="33" pageNumber="578" pagination="613 - 694" refId="ref53418" refString="GUINOT D. &amp; BOUCHARD J. - M. 1998. - Evolution of the abdominal holding systems of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema 20 (4): 613 - 694." type="journal article" year="1998">Guinot &amp; Bouchard 1998: 678</bibRefCitation>
, 680, figs 23D, 26F). Vulva with operculum, of varying complexity (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FE6B1B05FD62FEE8" author="GUINOT D. &amp; TAVARES M. &amp; CASTRO P." box="[400,654,279,306]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" pagination="1 - 414" refId="ref53507" refString="GUINOT D., TAVARES M. &amp; CASTRO P. 2013. - Significance of sexual openings and supplementary structures on the phylogeny of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zootaxa 3665 (1): 1 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3665.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Guinot
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FE121B0AFDF2FEE8" box="[489,542,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 48
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FD601B0AFEA6FE88" author="MCLAY C. L. &amp; SAL MOYANO M." pageId="33" pageNumber="578" pagination="220 - 228" refId="ref57453" refString="MCLAY C. L. &amp; SAL MOYANO M. 2016. - Calcium levels in the vulvar opercula of grapsoid and ocypodoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura). Journal of Crustacean Biology 36 (2): 220 - 228. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002405 https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002405" type="journal article" year="2016">McLay &amp; Sal Moyano 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Pleonal somites 3-5 fused, but sutures still evident.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF45662CFFAF2617FF7F1D6DFAABF835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4336894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4336894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4336894/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" startId="32.[132,143,1919,1937]" targetBox="[214,1370,216,1872]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FFAF2617FF7F1D6DFAABF835" blockId="32.[132,1457,1919,2028]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">
FIG. 9. — Pleon, thoracic sternum and genital region of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FDA91D6DFD44F848" box="[594,680,1919,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Varunidae</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FD541D6DFD3DF848" bold="true" box="[687,721,1919,1937]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">A -C</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FD201D6DFC8CF848" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[731,864,1919,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclograpsinae">Cyclograpsinae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FC931D6DFAECF848" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1837" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[872,1280,1919,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" genus="Cyclograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FC931D6DFBDDF848" box="[872,1073,1919,1937]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">Cyclograpsus punctatus</emphasis>
H. Milne Edwards, 1837
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ 24.9
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FAB81D6DFAA2F848" box="[1347,1358,1919,1937]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">×</emphasis>
30.8.0 mm, South Australia, Kangaroo Island, MNHN-IU-2013-14994 (=MNHN-B12561);
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FCEB1D84FCDCF871" bold="true" box="[784,816,1942,1960]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">D -F</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FCC71D87FC74F87E" authorityName="Davie &amp; N. K. Ng" authorityYear="2007" box="[828,920,1941,1959]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gaeticinae">Gaeticinae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FC5A1D87FB3CF871" authority="(De Haan, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[929,1232,1941,1960]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" genus="Gaetice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FC5A1D87FBD2F871" box="[929,1086,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">Gaetice depressus</emphasis>
(De Haan, 1835)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ 15.7
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FAEE1D84FACCF871" box="[1301,1312,1942,1960]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">×</emphasis>
18.0 mm, China, Amoy,MNHN-IU-2013-14990 (= MNHN-B12089);
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FDD91DBEFDD2F867" bold="true" box="[546,574,1964,1982]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">G -I</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FDBC1DBEFC66F867" authority="Sakai, Turkay &amp; Yang, 2006" authorityName="Sakai, Turkay &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2006" box="[583,906,1964,1982]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heliceinae">
Heliceinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAF2617FD581DBEFC66F867" author="SAKAI K. &amp; TURKAY M. &amp; YANG S. - L." box="[675,906,1964,1982]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref61356" refString="SAKAI K., TURKAY M. &amp; YANG S. - L. 2006. - Revision of the Helice / Chasmagnathus complex (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 565: 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2006">Sakai, Türkay &amp; Yang, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FC6B1DBEFB7CF867" authority="(De Haan, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[912,1168,1964,1982]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" genus="Helice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FC6B1DBEFBEEF867" box="[912,1026,1964,1982]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">Helice tridens</emphasis>
(De Haan, 1835)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ 28.7
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FB2A1DBEFB30F867" box="[1233,1244,1964,1982]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">×</emphasis>
34.2 mm, Japan, MNHN- IU-2016-10762 (=MNHN-B12098);
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FE5D1DD1FE2FF80C" bold="true" box="[422,451,1987,2005]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">J -L</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FE3E1DD1FD8BF80C" authorityName="Davie &amp; N. K. Ng" authorityYear="2007" box="[453,615,1987,2005]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thalassograpsinae">Thalassograpsinae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FD961DD1FC20F80C" authority="(Hilgendorf, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Hilgendorf" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[621,972,1987,2005]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" genus="Thalassograpsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harpax">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FD961DD1FCDFF80C" box="[621,819,1987,2005]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">Thalassograpsus harpax</emphasis>
(Hilgendorf,1892)
</taxonomicName>
,♂ 8.1
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FBFB1DD1FBE7F80C" box="[1024,1035,1987,2005]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">×</emphasis>
9.3 mm,Scattered Islands,MNHN-IU-2013-16120;
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FF7F1DC8FF47F832" bold="true" box="[132,171,2009,2028]" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">M -O</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FF4E1DC8FEE6F835" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[181,266,2010,2028]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Varuninae">Varuninae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAF2617FEE91DC8FDF3F835" authority="(Fabricius, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[274,543,2010,2028]" class="Malacostraca" family="Varunidae" genus="Varuna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litterata">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FEE91DC8FE62F835" box="[274,398,2010,2028]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">Varuna litterata</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ 49.5
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAF2617FD9A1DC8FD80F835" box="[609,620,2010,2028]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="577">×</emphasis>
57.0 mm, Madagascar, MNHN-IU-2013-14987. Scale bars: A-K, M-O, 10 mm; L, 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C320652FFFAE2616FF7F1B85FE24FD16" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FFAE2616FF7F1B85FD7EFE76" blockId="33.[132,777,407,720]" box="[132,658,407,433]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">MOLECULAR ANALYSIS AND LARVAL MORPHOLOGY</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FFAE2616FF7F1BA4FD6EFD49" blockId="33.[132,777,407,720]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">
Based on a molecular analysis and larval morphology, three main phylogenetic clusters have been recognised by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FD331BC4FE90FDC8" author="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A." pageId="33" pageNumber="578" pagination="279 - 299" refId="ref61569" refString="SCHUBART C. D. &amp; CUESTA J. A. 2010. - Phylogenetic relationships of the Plagusiidae Dana, 1851 (Brachyura), with description of a new genus and recognition of Percnidae Stevcic, 2005, as an independent family, in CASTRO P., DAVIE P. J. F., NG P. K. L. &amp; RICHER DE FORGES B. (eds), Studies on Brachyura: A Homage to Daniele Guinot. Crustaceana Monographs 11: 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="2010">Schubart &amp; Cuesta (2010)</bibRefCitation>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FE701BE5FE0FFDC9" authorityName="Guinot" authorityYear="2007" box="[395,483,503,528]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Davusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FE701BE5FE0FFDC9" box="[395,483,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">Davusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, phylogenetically basal to other plagusiids; another cluster including
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FDA61805FD24FDE9" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[605,712,534,560]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FDA61805FD24FDE9" box="[605,712,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">P. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54818806FFAE2616FD231804FCE4FDE9" box="[728,776,534,560]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">type</typeStatus>
species),
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FF111825FE80FD89" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[234,364,567,592]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FF111825FE80FD89" box="[234,364,567,592]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">P. squamosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FE871825FD23FD89" authority="Lamarck, 1818" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" box="[380,719,566,592]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculata">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FE871825FDFBFD89" box="[380,535,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">P. immaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FDDA1824FD23FD89" author="LAMARCK J. B. P. A. &amp; DE" box="[545,719,566,592]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" refId="ref56634" refString="LAMARCK J. B. P. A. DE 1818. - Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, presentant les Caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces Animaux, leur Distribution, leurs Classes, leurs Familles, leurs Genres, et la Citation des principales Especes qui s'y rapportent; precedee d'une Introduction offrant la Determination des Caracteres essentiels de l'Animal, sa Distinction du Vegetal et des autres Corps naturels, enfin, l'Exposition des Principes Fondamentaux de la Zoologie, Tome 5. Deterville, Paris, 612 p. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41703989" type="book" year="1818">Lamarck, 1818</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FF7D1845FE96FDA8" authority="Dana, 1852" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" box="[134,378,598,625]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Plagusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosa">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FF7D1845FF02FDA9" box="[134,238,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">P. speciosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B55FFAE2616FF0E1844FE96FDA8" author="DANA J. D." box="[245,378,598,625]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" refId="ref50760" refString="DANA J. D. 1852. - Crustacea. Part I, in United States Exploring Expedition, During theYears 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N. C. Sherman, Philadelphia: 13 (1): i-viii, 1 - 685. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61409" type="journal volume" year="1852">Dana, 1852</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; a third cluster consisting of the two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FF0A1864FEBDFD49" authorityName="Schubart &amp; Cuesta" authorityYear="2010" box="[241,337,630,656]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FF0A1864FEBDFD49" box="[241,337,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">Guinusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FEA41864FE3CFD49" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[351,464,630,656]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chabrus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FEA41864FE3CFD49" box="[351,464,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">G. chabrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B94EEAB6FFAE2616FDFD1864FD6EFD49" box="[518,642,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FDFD1864FD92FD49" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[518,638,630,656]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" genus="Guinusia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentipes">G. dentipes</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536A4FFAE2616FF601884FE24FD16" blockId="33.[132,777,407,720]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578">
We do not find any close similarities between
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FD751884FCEAFD69" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1851" box="[654,774,662,688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Plagusiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plagusiidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D27FFAE2616FF4F18A7FE2FFD16" authority="n. fam" box="[180,451,693,720]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leptograpsodidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Leptograpsodidae
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57CDFFAE2616FE8118A4FE2FFD16" box="[378,451,693,720]" pageId="33" pageNumber="578" rank="family">n. fam</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>