437 lines
60 KiB
XML
437 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="4B48FB22E17593F3F8B6895F7664AF73" ID-CLB-Dataset="8307" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4926.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dee39772-3bec-41db-9ad4-4278a2be4fec" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4500738" ID-ZooBank="8358B5B1-CE6B-4531-98D5-3E3075869B94" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612423847332" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Poorani, J., Sankararaman, H. & Anusree, S. S." docDate="2021" docId="03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4926.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4926 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phrynocaria perfida Poorani" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="123" masterDocId="FFAAFFF1B26AFF982A06773CFFBF7A6B" masterDocTitle="A review of Indian species of Phrynocaria Timberlake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) with notes on synonymy and a new species from South India, hitherto misidentified as Coelophora circumusta (Mulsant)" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1698926726103" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5273341BDAA1A66BC54E025CF3C23F87">A review of Indian species of Phrynocaria Timberlake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) with notes on synonymy and a new species from South India, hitherto misidentified as Coelophora circumusta (Mulsant)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ACF328407C1F50615B07E061E55DEAAF">Poorani, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4592C43ECB7755DF05516261C214FC80">ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thogamalai Road, Thayanur Post, Trichy 620102, Tamil Nadu, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC06DD26D79B4E9F653090766F1B1276">Sankararaman, H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88438AF841527C5F3681773DE02D1A50">Department of Entomology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5244 - 9833</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4DF478A540C20448199BBFBD14E27138">Anusree, S. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="25D157C7A034E3B3C69E0A2FF903ED97">Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, Trivandrum, Kerala. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9968 - 6791</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0CDBB00A0C29F547A56345414CED74A5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DA6977CEC6BD4A1C597668FEEFF32EB8">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="852014A75CBF28EF0620FE99525AAA87">2020-02-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DFF6EBCC2356E82C7C86FE62141F5055">4926</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4534196" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177318591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4534196" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
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<subSubSection id="C3206514B26EFF9C2A9175B2FDF778C2" box="[151,584,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B85369FB26EFF9C2A9175B2FDF778C2" blockId="4.[151,584,654,717]" box="[151,584,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
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<heading id="D0CD81F3B26EFF9C2A9175B2FDF778C2" bold="true" box="[151,584,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2A9175B2FDF778C2" bold="true" box="[151,584,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2A9175B2FE4678C3" authority="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree, 2021" authorityName="Poorani" box="[151,505,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">Phrynocaria perfida Poorani</taxonomicName>
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, sp. n.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3206514B26EFF9C2A91758FFEAD78A6" box="[151,274,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B85369FB26EFF9C2A91758FFEAD78A6" blockId="4.[151,584,654,717]" box="[151,274,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2A99758FFF5078A6" box="[159,239,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2AFD758FFEB678A6" box="[251,265,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3206514B26EFF9C2A9175CBFB527945" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B85369FB26EFF9C2A9175CBFB527945" blockId="4.[151,1261,759,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B108EB26EFF9C2A9175CBFD347964" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[151,651,759,783]" page="344" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" year="1903">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2A9175CBFD347964" authority="sensu Gorham 1903: 344" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityPageNumber="344" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,651,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
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<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2A9175CBFE387964" box="[151,391,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Coelophora circumusta</emphasis>
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sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B6EB26EFF9C2BCD75CBFD347964" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[459,651,759,783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="323 - 347" refId="ref7579" refString="Gorham, H. S. (1903) On Coleoptera collected in India by MM. H. E. and H. L. Andrewes, Families Malacodermata, Erotylidae, Endomychidae and Coccinellidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 47, 323 - 347." type="journal article" year="1903">Gorham 1903: 344</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(not
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C28C675CBFB9E7964" authority="Mulsant, 1850" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[704,1057,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Artemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta" status="comb. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C28C675CBFC3A7964" box="[704,901,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Artemis circumusta</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B6EB26EFF9C298D75CBFB9E7964" author="Mulsant, E." box="[907,1057,759,783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref8230" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
; misidentification).
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B108EB26EFF9C2A91742AFD7C7945" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[151,707,790,814]" page="344" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" year="1903">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2A91742AFD7C7945" authority=": Gorham 1903: 344" authorityName=": Gorham" authorityPageNumber="344" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,707,790,814]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="circumusta" variety="rufula">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2A91742AFE387946" box="[151,391,790,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Coelophora circumusta</emphasis>
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||
var.
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<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2BBE742AFE497945" box="[440,502,790,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">rufula</emphasis>
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||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B6EB26EFF9C2805742AFD7C7945" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[515,707,790,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="323 - 347" refId="ref7579" refString="Gorham, H. S. (1903) On Coleoptera collected in India by MM. H. E. and H. L. Andrewes, Families Malacodermata, Erotylidae, Endomychidae and Coccinellidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 47, 323 - 347." type="journal article" year="1903">Gorham 1903: 344</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(not
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C28FE742AFB987945" authority="Mulsant, 1850" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[760,1063,790,814]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Artemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufula">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C28FE742AFC347945" box="[760,907,790,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Artemis rufula</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B6EB26EFF9C2994742AFB987945" author="Mulsant, E." box="[914,1063,790,814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref8230" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
; misidentification).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3206514B26EFF9C2A917460FB097F68" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26EFF9C2A917460FB097F68" blockId="4.[151,1437,860,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2A917460FEB5791D" bold="true" box="[151,266,860,886]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: The male genitalia of the new species will distinguish it from all other known examples of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2A9174BCFE9A79F1" box="[151,293,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2A9174BCFE9A79F1" box="[151,293,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Phrynocaria</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, especially the shape of the penis guide which is basally broad and abruptly narrowed around middle to form an elongate lanceolate process with a small rhomboidal expansion in the apical 1/8 bearing minute lateral denticles. This highly variable species (
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||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C285D74F4FD147989" box="[603,683,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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||
a–g) has some colour morphs similar to those found in
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2F2F74F5FF797E6D" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2F2F74F5FF797E6D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. circumusta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and, given their overlapping distributions, it may not be possible to differentiate the two species based on the elytral colour pattern alone. However, variants of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C28CA732DFC867E41" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[716,825,1040,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">
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||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C28CA732DFC867E41" box="[716,825,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. perfida</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
with a 2-2-1/2 elytral pattern (
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||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2E91732CFAB07E40" box="[1175,1295,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Figs. 2c, g</figureCitation>
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) are distinct and easily distinguished from
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<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2BF47309FD2D7E25" box="[498,658,1077,1102]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2BF47309FD317E25" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[498,654,1077,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">P. circumusta</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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There are also some minute morphological differences between the two species. If an identifier is fortunate enough to have comparative material of both species at hand it can be seen that
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2ACF7341FE897EFD" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[201,310,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2ACF7341FE897EFD" box="[201,310,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a slightly broader body outline and comparatively more widely explanate lateral elytral borders than
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2AC9739CFECB7ED1" box="[207,372,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2AC9739CFECF7ED1" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[207,368,1184,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">C. circumusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Also, the latter appears to be slightly more strongly convex than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2E5F739DFB797ED1" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[1113,1222,1184,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2E5F739DFB797ED1" box="[1113,1222,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is apparent in the lateral view. In both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2BC273F9FDE57EB5" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[452,602,1221,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2BC273F9FDE57EB5" box="[452,602,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C289773F9FCBB7EB5" box="[657,772,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C289773F9FCBF7EB5" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[657,768,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">P. perfida</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the explanate borders of elytra are distinctly more coarsely punctate compared to the discal area, but this is more pronounced in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26EFF9C2E1E73D5FB107F69" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[1048,1199,1257,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2E1E73D5FB107F69" box="[1048,1199,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">P. circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206514B26EFF9D2AC17230FF70780A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26EFF9D2AC17230FE297BC5" blockId="4.[151,1437,860,2038]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2AC17230FEEE7F4D" bold="true" box="[199,337,1292,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Description</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26EFF9C2B657237FE217F4D" bold="true" box="[355,414,1291,1318]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Male</emphasis>
|
||
: TL:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B7AB26EFF9C2BE57230FDF37F4C" box="[483,588,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="3.63">3.63 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TW:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B7AB26EFF9C28907230FD407F4C" box="[662,767,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="4" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="3.26">3.26 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TL/TW: 1.11; EL/EW: 0.89; PL/PW: 0.48. Form broadly rounded to almost circular in outline, dorsum strongly convex and hemispherical, glabrous except clypeal margin of head with yellowish hairs. Dorsal surface yellowish-orange to reddish in live specimens, yellowish in preserved specimens; scutellar shield black; pronotum with or without a small oval black spot on posterior margin above scutellar shield; elytral pattern with the following variations: (i) immaculate reddish to orange or yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2F3A72A0FA317FDD" box="[1340,1422,1436,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
); (ii) with a narrow black lateral margin, anteriorly joining an elongate spot on humeral callus and posteriorly joining a larger apical black patch across elytra (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C286E72D8FD607F94" box="[616,735,1508,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Figs. 2e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
); (iii) each elytron with five black spots arranged in a 2-2-1/2 pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2AF37134FED07C48" box="[245,367,1544,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Figs. 2c, g</figureCitation>
|
||
), occasionally all spots coalescing to form larger fasciae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C29F97134FBEE7C48" box="[1023,1105,1544,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
) or reduced in size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C2F3D7134FA307C48" box="[1339,1423,1544,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral side uniform yellowish brown except outer one-third of epipleura black. Head with anterior clypeal margin straight between lateral projections; eye canthus short but deep and broad; eyes prominent, interocular distance at its narrowest about as wide as an eye; head with even and fairly dense punctures, interspaces between punctures weakly reticulate to shiny. Pronotum with lateral sides strongly rounded, almost semicircular, slightly reflexed laterally, forming a gutter, anterolateral corners produced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C290D7180FCE07CBC" box="[779,863,1724,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 2h</figureCitation>
|
||
); punctures on disc of pronotum dense and slightly larger than those on elytra, shallowly impressed, separated by 1–3 diameters, closer and denser on lateral and posterior margins, interspaces between punctures smooth and shiny. Scutellar shield broadly triangular with few punctures. Elytral borders laterally explanate with a weak gutter; elytral disc densely punctate, punctures separated by 2–5 diameters, interspaces between punctures smooth and shiny; punctation on explanate lateral borders distinctly coarser and closer than that on elytral disc, particularly around base and humeral angles. Prothoracic hypomeron deeply foveolate near anterolateral corners. Prosternal intercoxal process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26EFF9C29DD70A8FB947DC5" box="[987,1067,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="121">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
) carinate, carinae reaching up to 2/3 length of prosternum; mesoventrite deeply foveate on anterior face, medially with a v-shaped notch and a short longitudinal carina in anterior half. Metaventrite with discrimen. Abdomen with six ventrites, abdominal postcoxal line incomplete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2B5A77ABFE0D7AD9" box="[348,434,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
), apically not recurved, parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1; posterior margin of ventrite 5 medially very shallowly and that of ventrite 6 slightly more deeply emarginate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2E997787FB4A7ABD" box="[1183,1269,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs lacking meso- and metatibial spurs; tarsal claws appendiculate. Epipleura very shallowly and deeply foveolate on level with mid- and hind femoro-tibial apices, respectively. Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2976763FFC047B75" box="[880,955,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
h–k) with penis guide of tegmen in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2ADA761BFE927B29" box="[220,301,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3h</figureCitation>
|
||
) broadest in basal two-fourths and abruptly narrowed around middle, apical half lanceolate, gradually narrowed towards apex, with a small rhomboidal expansion in apical 1/8 bearing finely dentate margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2F467677FA327B0D" box="[1344,1421,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3i</figureCitation>
|
||
); parameres nearly as long as penis guide; penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D28AC7653FD4A7BE1" box="[682,757,367,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3j</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly curved, with a robust capsule, penis apex modified as illustrated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2B3376AFFE367BC5" box="[309,393,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3k</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26FFF9D2AC1768AFF70780A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26FFF9D2AC1768AFEA17BBA" bold="true" box="[199,286,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: TL:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B7AB26FFF9D2B5A768BFDBE7BBA" box="[348,513,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.015" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.93" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="4.015" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.93">3.93–4.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TW:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC29B7AB26FFF9D2842768AFD567BBA" box="[580,745,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.59" metricValueMin="3.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="3.59" valueMin="3.41">3.41–3.59 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TL/TW: 1.11; EL/EW: 0.93; PL/PW: 0.48. Externally similar to male except lateral margins of pronotum less strongly rounded with anterolateral corners produced to a lesser degree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2AF676C3FE837871" box="[240,316,511,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 2i</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior margin of ventrite 5 medially very shallowly produced, that of ventrite 6 arcuate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2F3876C3FA317872" box="[1342,1422,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female spermatheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26FFF9D2B89751FFDBA7855" box="[399,517,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-124@6.[151,1435,417,1661]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs. 3e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a short sperm duct, infundibulum cup-shaped; coxites of blade and handle
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481883DB26FFF9D2A91757BFF74780A" box="[151,203,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF456617B26FFF9D2A9170EFFA907D80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4500744" box="[151,1327,2003,2027]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" startId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" targetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26FFF9D2A9170EFFA907D80" blockId="5.[151,1327,2003,2027]" box="[151,1327,2003,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26FFF9D2A9170EFFEB27D80" bold="true" box="[151,269,2003,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26FFF9D2B1F70EFFDFF7D80" authority="Poorani" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[281,576,2003,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26FFF9D2B1F70EFFE567D80" box="[281,489,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Phrynocaria perfida</emphasis>
|
||
Poorani
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26FFF9D284D70EFFD3B7D80" bold="true" box="[587,644,2003,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57F6B26FFF9D284D70EFFD3B7D80" box="[587,644,2003,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206514B26CFF9E2AC177AAFAFB7B76" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26CFF9E2AC177AAFAFB7B76" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2AC177AAFE0D7ADB" bold="true" box="[199,434,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CC2B26CFF9E2BCD77ABFEBE7ABE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3033813306" collectingDate="2018-11-06" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. Sankararaman" country="India" location="Kakkadampoyil" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481883DB26CFF9E2BCD77ABFD877ADA" box="[459,568,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: male, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26CFF9E28A777ABFD487ADA" box="[673,759,151,177]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E290C77ABFCE67ADA" box="[778,857,151,177]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EE56044B26CFF9E296A77ABFB9D7ADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76:8EE56044B26CFF9E296A77ABFB9D7ADA" box="[876,1058,151,177]" country="India" name="Kakkadampoyil" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Kerala">Kakkadampoyil</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84105FB26CFF9E2E3077ABFB0E7ADA" box="[1078,1201,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2018-11-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC0E9B7B26CFF9E2E3077ABFB0E7ADA" box="[1078,1201,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2018-11-06">06.xi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2EC377ABFA2C7ADA" box="[1221,1427,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">H. Sankararaman</collectorName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2A997787FF467ABE" box="[159,249,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CC2B26CFF9E2B0A7787FC927ABE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3033813301" box="[268,813,187,213]" collectingDate="2018-11-06" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. Sankararaman" country="India" location="One" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481883DB26CFF9E2B0A7787FEC27ABE" box="[268,381,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EE56044B26CFF9E2B8E7787FE087ABE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76:8EE56044B26CFF9E2B8E7787FE087ABE" box="[392,439,187,213]" name="One" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">One</location>
|
||
female with same data (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E28CC7787FC9B7ABE" box="[714,804,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CC2B26CFF9E293E7787FE7E7A92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3033813305" collectingDate="2019-03-07" collectionCode="NBAIR" collectorName="H. Sankararaman" country="India" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Kayamkulam" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E29447787FC2C7ABE" box="[834,915,187,213]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EE56044B26CFF9E29997787FB867ABE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76:8EE56044B26CFF9E29997787FB867ABE" box="[927,1081,187,213]" name="Kayamkulam" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Kerala">Kayamkulam</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84105FB26CFF9E2E427787FB0D7ABE" box="[1092,1202,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2019-03-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC0E9B7B26CFF9E2E427787FB0D7ABE" box="[1092,1202,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2019-03-07">7.iii.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, on sweeping, Anusree” (one female,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2B5B77E3FE067A92" box="[349,441,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">NBAIR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CC2B26CFF9E2BCD77E3FAB27A92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3033813303" box="[459,1293,223,249]" collectingDate="2018-02-24" collectionCode="NBAIR" country="India" location="Anusree" municipality="Vellayani" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E2BD377E3FD997A92" box="[469,550,223,249]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1ACE5B26CFF9E282977E3FD237A92" box="[559,668,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Vellayani</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF84105FB26CFF9E28A077E3FCA57A92" box="[678,794,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2018-02-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC0E9B7B26CFF9E28A077E3FCA57A92" box="[678,794,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" value="2018-02-24">24.ii.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, on mulberry,
|
||
<location id="8EE56044B26CFF9E29B177E3FBA87A92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03938789B26EFF9F2A9175B2FD947B76:8EE56044B26CFF9E29B177E3FBA87A92" box="[951,1047,223,249]" country="India" municipality="Vellayani" name="Anusree" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Kerala">Anusree</location>
|
||
” (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD16B26CFF9E2E2977E3FB217A92" box="[1071,1182,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2EAE77E3FABB7A92" box="[1192,1284,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">NBAIR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B523CC2B26CFF9E2F1177E3FAFF7B76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3033813304" collectionCode="BMNH, T" collectorName="N. Kanara & T.R. Bell" country="India" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2F1177E3FAE87A92" box="[1303,1367,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Other</collectorName>
|
||
material:
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2ACD763FFE837B76" box="[203,316,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kanara, S</collectorName>
|
||
. India /
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2B93763FFDD77B76" box="[405,616,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Andrewes Bequest</collectorName>
|
||
(3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2893763FFD517B76" box="[661,750,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2907763FFCCE7B76" box="[769,881,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kanara, S</collectorName>
|
||
. India/
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E29C3763FFB837B76" box="[965,1084,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">N. Kanara</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2E40763FFBE77B76" box="[1094,1112,259,285]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2E65763FFBC67B76" box="[1123,1145,259,285]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26CF5349B26CFF9E2E82763FFB0C7B76" box="[1156,1203,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Bell</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE5AB26CFF9E2ED9763FFA877B76" box="[1247,1336,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206514B26CFF9E2AC1761AFC0C7B2A" box="[199,947,294,322]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26CFF9E2AC1761AFC0C7B2A" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,947,294,322]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2AC1761AFEE67B2B" bold="true" box="[199,345,294,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26CFF9E2B6E761BFE197B2A" box="[360,422,295,321]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E2BB6761BFD8A7B2A" box="[432,565,295,321]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Nilgiri hills);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E28D9761BFCE97B2A" box="[735,854,295,321]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E2967761BFC107B2A" box="[865,943,295,321]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3206514B26CFF9F2AC17677FD947B76" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26CFF9E2AC17677FD947BE3" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2AC17677FEF77B0E" bold="true" box="[199,328,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
: The specific epithet is a Latin adjective in nominative case (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2E177677FBDD7B0E" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[1041,1122,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2E177677FBDD7B0E" box="[1041,1122,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.= ‘false’), alluding to its external similarity to
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2B817653FD947BE3" box="[391,555,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2B817653FD987BE3" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[391,551,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">C. circumusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF456617B26CFF9E2A9171A8FB007C98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500746" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4500746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500746/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" startId="6.[151,250,1684,1708]" targetBox="[159,1434,425,1655]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26CFF9E2A9171A8FB007C98" blockId="6.[151,1437,1684,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2A9171A8FEB17CC7" bold="true" box="[151,270,1684,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2B1D71A8FDFC7CC7" authority="Poorani" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,579,1684,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2B1D71A8FE547CC7" box="[283,491,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Phrynocaria perfida</emphasis>
|
||
Poorani
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E284871A8FD377CC7" bold="true" box="[590,648,1684,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57F6B26CFF9E284871A8FD377CC7" box="[590,648,1684,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: a) prosternum; b) abdominal postcoxal line; c) ventrites 5 and 6, female; d). ventrites 5 and 6, male; e, f: female genitalia, f) spermatheca, infundibulum in lateral view, e) dorsal view; g–k: male genitalia, g) tegmen, lateral view; h) tegmen, ventral view; i) apex of penis guide, enlarged; j) penis; k) penis apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85369FB26CFF9F2AC1701EFD947B76" blockId="6.[151,1437,1826,2033]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2AC1701EFEB57D57" bold="true" box="[199,266,1826,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B6EB26CFF9E2B1E701EFE687D57" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[280,471,1826,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" pagination="323 - 347" refId="ref7579" refString="Gorham, H. S. (1903) On Coleoptera collected in India by MM. H. E. and H. L. Andrewes, Families Malacodermata, Erotylidae, Endomychidae and Coccinellidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 47, 323 - 347." type="journal article" year="1903">Gorham’s (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specimens of ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2886701FFCA47D57" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[640,795,1827,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2886701FFCA47D57" box="[640,795,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">C. circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ from Kanara (in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEF87DB26CFF9E29E5701EFBE67D57" box="[995,1113,1826,1852]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
, South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26CFF9E2EAD701EFB597D56" box="[1195,1254,1826,1853]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) were described by him as ‘with the basal half of the elytra black, running up the suture to the scutellum […] very near to a specimen in my collection labelled
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2BB07056FD827DEF" box="[438,573,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">mandarinea</emphasis>
|
||
[sic].’ This description applies to the variants of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2E617057FB6B7DEF" authority="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree, 2021" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[1127,1236,1898,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2E617057FB6B7DEF" box="[1127,1236,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2EDA7056FAA37DEF" bold="true" box="[1244,1308,1898,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57F6B26CFF9E2EDA7056FAA37DEF" box="[1244,1308,1898,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26CFF9E2F2A7056FA2A7DEE" box="[1324,1429,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 2e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
) illustrated here. His description of ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E282470B2FC1C7DC3" authorityName=": Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[546,931,1934,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="circumusta" variety="rufula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E282470B2FC967DC3" box="[546,809,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Coelophora circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E295970B2FC1C7DC3" box="[863,931,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">rufula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ from Nilgiri Hills (South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26CFF9E2ECA70B2FAB87DC2" box="[1228,1287,1934,1961]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
) corresponds to the immaculate form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2BC1708FFD8A7DA7" authority="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree, 2021" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[455,565,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2BC1708FFD8A7DA7" box="[455,565,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E283B708EFDC27DA7" bold="true" box="[573,637,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57F6B26CFF9E283B708EFDC27DA7" box="[573,637,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13012A1AB26CFF9E288B708EFD5F7DA7" box="[653,736,1970,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[177,1404,639,1970]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[170,1417,633,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n.: a–g) polymorphic forms; h) pronotum, male; i) pronotum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4500744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4500744/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, the spotted form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2E4D708FFB077DA7" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[1099,1208,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2E4D708FFB077DA7" box="[1099,1208,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26CFF9E2F8E708FFEAD7D9B" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26CFF9E2F8E708FFEAD7D9B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">P. circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have this kind of variation. One specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26CFF9E29A770EAFBAF7D9B" box="[929,1040,2006,2032]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
examined at BMNH (“Nedunkeni, 4.04 /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26DFF9F2AD977ABFE8F7ADA" box="[223,304,151,177]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
|
||
1924.37”) was similar to this species, but it could not be dissected for confirmation. Material examined at BMNH, London, indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26DFF9F28547787FD567ABF" authorityName="sensu Gorham" authorityYear="1903" box="[594,745,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26DFF9F28547787FD567ABF" box="[594,745,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">P. circumusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also is distributed in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D760FB26DFF9F2E2E7787FBDD7ABE" box="[1064,1122,187,213]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and it is not always easy to separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D1CB26DFF9F2B4C77E3FE0A7A92" authority="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree, 2021" authorityName="Poorani & Sankararaman & Anusree" authorityYear="2021" box="[330,437,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perfida" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26DFF9F2B4C77E3FE0A7A92" box="[330,437,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">P. perfida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EEA8DB26DFF9F2BBD77E3FE467A92" bold="true" box="[443,505,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D57F6B26DFF9F2BBD77E3FE467A92" box="[443,505,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the punctation alone if the latter is lacking elytral spots. Hence, these two species are best separated by their genitalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |