267 lines
33 KiB
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267 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops larapinta Crews 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1677664009133" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6236</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">screwsemail@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1150</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>189</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1150-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/3C4B9AAD-46DD-444C-9F69-1F5672622022" authority="Crews, 2023" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta" status="sp. nov.">Karaops larapinta</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Map 2. Species of the Central Desert species group; orange = juvenile from Morgan Range, light purple = Karaops deserticola, teal = Karaops ngarutjaranya, red = juveniles from Watarrka, blue = Karaops larapinta sp. nov., pink = Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., yellow = Karaops pilkingtoni, x = Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., purple = Karaops vadlaadambara, green = Karaops manaayn. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-10" collectorName="R. Raven, No." location="Northern Territory" municipality="Finke River" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EEF96E2FB4855B4797AFEA970D4D32B4:124BFAA5DEE110CAF84275780745C955" municipality="Finke River" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</location>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality>Finke River</collectingMunicipality>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1993-10">Oct. 1993</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>R. Raven</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<collectorName>No.</collectorName>
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501; (QMS 110852)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="QMS 12909" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="R. Raven & No." location="Northern Territory" municipality="Finke River" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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; same data as holotype (
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/QMS12909">QMS 12909</accessionNumber>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C</figureCitation>
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) is similar to other species of the Central Desert group by the median lobe that is unsclerotized posteriorly, the small copulatory ducts, and the large accessory bulbs (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
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). It can be differentiated from all of these except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the accessory bulbs which in the other species are separated by at least half to more than one accessory bulb diameter (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 58). It can be separated from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the accessory bulbs being nearly the same size as the spermathecae, whereas the accessory bulbs are much larger than the spermathecae in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. pilkingtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. pilkingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A, B</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 58). In the new species, there is a long, triangular depression in the median field that is lacking in the other species (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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same, endogyne
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops mparntwe" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mparntwe">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops mparntwe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes/epigynal plate
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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same, epigyne
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female</emphasis>
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(holotype). Total length 7.49. Carapace: length 2.45, width 3.69. Chelicerae: promargin with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Eyes: AER slightly recurved, PER recurved; diameters AME 0.18, ALE 0.18, PME 0.29, PLE 0.36; interdistances AME-PME 0.04, PME-ALE 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.20, PME-PME 1.20, ALE-ALE 1.62, AME-AME 0.59, PLE-PLE 1.85. Sternum: length 1.67, width 1.89. Abdomen length 5.04, width 4.03. Color: Carapace: orange-yellow, with two dark markings lateroposterior to eye region, three marks each on lateral margins, faded, most setae worn off. Chelicerae: yellowish, paturon with a longitudinal curved mark frontally, setae white, long anteriorly. Maxillae: yellowish white. Labium: gray, pale distally. Sternum: yellowish. Abdomen: dorsally reddish orange, two dark spots at anterior margin, two laterally just posterior to these, two lateromedially posterior to these, two small ones just posterior to previous, two dark marks extend to lateral edges, connect to jagged markings lateromedially, two dark, wavy lines posterolaterally; ventrally grayish. Legs: pale yellow-orange, Cx with dusky mark prolaterally, Fm with dusky mark prolaterally, another medially, forming annulation, Pt with dark mark ventrally, Ti with dark mark ventrally at Pt-Ti joint, with annulation closer to Mt, dark annulation on Ti at Ti-Mt joint and halfway between that and Mt joint, dark annulation on Mt at Ti joint and at Mt-Ta joint, Ta tip not dark (may be faded); spines dark basally, pale distally; spination leg I Fm d 1-1-1, pr 1-1-0, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg II Fm d 1-1-1, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg III Fm d 1-1-1; leg IV Fm d 1-1-1, pr 0-0-1, rl 0-0-1; leg formula 4321; measurements leg I 13.86 (3.85, 1.65, 3.83, 3.24, 1.3); leg II 15.73 (4.95, 1.65, 4.13, 3.60, 1.40); leg III 16.13 (5.23, 1.40, 4.28, 3.70, 1.53); leg IV 16.36 (5.50, 1.48, 4.26, 3.71, 1.40). Palp: spination Fm d 0-1-3; 3.30 (1.05, 0.60, 0.75, 0.90); basally dusky, Ta dusky basodorsally; claw with eight teeth. Epigyne: EP triangular; MF with long, triangular depression, lobe posteriorly unsclerotized (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C</figureCitation>
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); LLs separated at posterior 1/3 of EP; COs at anterolateral edges of lobe (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 5. Species from the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A 004858) B same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and " mustache " C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Endogyne: CDs very short; ABs larger than S, round; S oval; duct between S and ABs coiled once, FDs directed anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 3. Epigynes and endogynes of members of the Central Desert species group A Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) B same, endogyne C Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., holotype female, epigyne, Alice Springs, Northern Territory (AMT AA 10.852), pink = copulatory openings, blue = median field, yellow = lateral lobes / epigynal plate D same, endogyne, yellow = accessory bulbs, blue = spermathecae, red = fertilization ducts, green = posterodorsal fold E same, epigyne F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kwartatuma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kwartatuma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kwartatuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, (Kwartatuma) Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel_1093, MAGNT A004858)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
palp, ventral; green = vRTA, orange = dRTA, light gray-blue = tegulum, blue-violet = tegular lobe, turquoise = spermophor, blue = embolus, pink = conductor, yellow = MA, dark green = subtegulum, Sp = spinules
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, palp, dorsal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
same, ventral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816387" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Species from the Central Desert species group
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kwartatuma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kwartatuma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kwartatuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (MAGNT A004858)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, holotype male, face showing black marks near eyes and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“mustache”">"mustache"</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype, epigyne, caudal, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The size of the paratype is 7.86.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The specific name is the indigenous word for the type locality, thought to be the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="world’s">world's</normalizedToken>
|
||
oldest river, in the Arrente language. Noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Known from only the type locality, Larapinta (Finke River), Northern Territory (Map
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Map 2. Species of the Central Desert species group; orange = juvenile from Morgan Range, light purple = Karaops deserticola, teal = Karaops ngarutjaranya, red = juveniles from Watarrka, blue = Karaops larapinta sp. nov., pink = Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., yellow = Karaops pilkingtoni, x = Karaops mparntwe sp. nov., purple = Karaops vadlaadambara, green = Karaops manaayn. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops larapinta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larapinta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops larapinta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species and habitats of the Central Desert species group A Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., holotype male, Ormiston Gorge, West MacDonnell Range National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1093, MAGNT A 004858) B Karaops deserticola, female holotype, Mount Lindsay, South Australia (SAM N 199350) C Karaops larapinta sp. nov., holotype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) D Karaops larapinta sp. nov., paratype female, Finke River, Northern Territory (QMS 110852) E Habitat of Karaops sp. from Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory F Karaops sp., King's Canyon Rim Walk, Watarrka National Park, Northern Territory G habitat of Karaops kwartatuma sp. nov., Ormiston Gorge, Northern Territory, Australia. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816382" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) is found in either the Finke or Henbury subregion of the Finke Bioregion (exact coordinates unavailable). This bioregion comprises arid sandplains, major rivers, valleys, mulga (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia aneura" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aneura">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acacia aneura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and other acacia,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Miller,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Eremophila" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eremophila" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eremophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brown, short grass, and forbs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bastin, G" journalOrPublisher="Cunninghamia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" refId="B4" refString="Bastin, G, 2008. Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra. https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" title="Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra." url="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" year="2008">Bastin 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These females were collected during the hottest part of the year, going from the dry into the wet (Suppl. material 2: table S1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The region suffers from introduced species and grazing (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bastin, G" journalOrPublisher="Cunninghamia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" refId="B4" refString="Bastin, G, 2008. Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra. https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" title="Rangelands 2008 - Taking the Pulse, published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra." url="https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/publications/acris-rangelands-2008-taking-pulse" year="2008">Bastin 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is biodiverse but has only been surveyed for birds and plants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |