194 lines
22 KiB
XML
194 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6ADA9F038B93D32E8DF22CC72BC0EEC5">A key to European species of Hyposoter Förster, 1869 (Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) with descriptions of 18 new species, and notes on all included species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="07C426CF987071CE8A997685EE8B98AC">Galsworthy, Anthony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="825E7D8FBD247078C0046423CC205D36">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E62587BFFFBAFFD9FF7E45A793676064" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7971488" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209630521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7971488" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E62587BFFFBAFFD9FF7E45A793676064" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E62587BFFFBAFFD9FF7E45A793676064" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFBAFFD9FF7E45A790F165A5" box="[151,661,412,439]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF7E45A790F165A5" blockId="36.[151,661,412,439]" box="[151,661,412,439]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FF7E45A790F165A5" ID-CoL="3NYVV" authority="(Ratzeburg, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,661,412,439]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FF7E45A790F165A5" bold="true" box="[151,661,412,439]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FF7E45A793C965A4" bold="true" box="[151,429,412,439]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hyposoter carbonarius</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FE5545A690E965A5" author="Ratzeburg, J. T. C." box="[444,653,412,438]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref54954" refString="Ratzeburg, J. T. C. (1844) Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsecten in forstlicher und entomologischer Beziehung. Nicolaischen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 224 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11094" type="book" year="1844">Ratzeburg, 1844</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFBAFFD9FF7E45DB9089660B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF7E45DB91E665EA" blockId="36.[151,898,481,567]" box="[151,898,481,505]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FF7E45DB905065EA" authority="Ratzeburg, 1844" authorityName="Ratzeburg" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,564,481,505]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonaria">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FF7E45DB93E765EA" box="[151,387,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Campoplex carbonaria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FE6045DB905065EA" author="Ratzeburg, J. T. C." box="[393,564,481,505]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref54954" refString="Ratzeburg, J. T. C. (1844) Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsecten in forstlicher und entomologischer Beziehung. Nicolaischen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 224 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11094" type="book" year="1844">Ratzeburg, 1844</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBAFFD9FDD745DB900E65EA" box="[574,618,481,505]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFBAFFD9FD9945DB90E765EB" box="[624,643,481,504]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, lost (
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FD2845DB911365EA" author="Horstmann, K." box="[705,887,481,505]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref53690" refString="Horstmann, K. (2013) Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVII (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Mitteilungen Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 103, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF7E463A9089660B" blockId="36.[151,898,481,567]" box="[151,749,512,536]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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syn.
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FF2E463A904D660B" authority="Thomson, 1887" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1887" box="[199,553,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anilasta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pectinata">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FF2E463A93E46604" box="[199,384,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Anilasta pectinata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FE6F463A904D660B" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[390,553,512,536]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1043 - 1182" refId="ref55476" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1887) XXXV. F ˆ rs ˆ k till uppstallning och beskrifning af aterna inom slagtet Campoplex (Grav.) Opuscula Entomologica, Lund, XI, 1043 - 1182." type="journal article" year="1887">Thomson, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FDDA463A9089660B" author="Horstmann, K." box="[563,749,512,536]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref53690" refString="Horstmann, K. (2013) Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVII (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Mitteilungen Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 103, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="26966522FFBAFFD9FF7E462593676064" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF7E462591436625" blockId="36.[151,898,481,567]" box="[151,807,542,567]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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syn.
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FF2E462490066625" authority="Holmgren, 1860" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1860" box="[199,610,542,566]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanarius">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FF2E462493D76625" box="[199,435,542,566]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Campoplex melanarius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FE50462490066625" author="Holmgren, A. E." box="[441,610,542,566]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref53302" refString="Holmgren, A. E. (1860) F ˆ rs ˆ k till uppstallning och beskrifning af de i Sverige funna Ophionider (Monographia Ophionidum Sueciae). Kongliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 2 (8), 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1860">Holmgren, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FD84462591436625" author="Horstmann, K." box="[621,807,542,566]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref53690" refString="Horstmann, K. (2013) Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVII (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Mitteilungen Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 103, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF7E465F97EE6721" blockId="36.[151,1437,612,1143]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FF7E465F9302666C" author="Horstmann, K." box="[151,358,613,639]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref53690" refString="Horstmann, K. (2013) Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVII (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Mitteilungen Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 103, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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records that the
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBAFFD9FDCD465F9030666C" box="[548,596,613,639]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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material of this species is lost, but states that the species is easily identifiable from a combination of the original description and host records given for it by Ratzeburg (
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FB0646B3937566D5" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" class="Insecta" family="Lymantriidae" genus="Orgyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiqua">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FB0646B397F966B1" box="[1263,1437,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Orgyia antiqua</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FEA3469690BF66D5" authority=", (Linnaeus))" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[330,731,684,711]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Dicallomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascelina">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FEA34696902166D5" box="[330,581,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Dicallomera fascelina</emphasis>
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, (Linnaeus))
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is a comparatively large and robust species, much more so than any other similar species. Although Horstmann’s draft key separated it on the basis that the maxillary palps are black rather than yellow, which is indeed usually the case, we have seen a number of specimens, mostly males, with yellow palps, so that this criterion is not infallible. Horstmann’s original key has been altered to accomodate this.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBAFFD9FF2E470693676064" blockId="36.[151,1437,612,1143]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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The hosts for
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FE8F470790776745" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[358,531,828,854]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FE8F470790776745" box="[358,531,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">H. carbonarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are recorded by
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FD3D470691C36745" author="Shaw, M. R. & Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L." box="[724,935,828,854]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="177 - 222" refId="ref55208" refString="Shaw, M. R., Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L. (2016) Two hundred and twenty-five species of reared western Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with descriptions of new species of Campoplex and Diadegma, and records of fifty-five species new to Britain. Entomologist's Gazette, 67, 177 - 222." type="journal article" year="2016">
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Shaw
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FCF2470791306745" box="[795,852,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
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(2016)
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</bibRefCitation>
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as several species of low-feeding heathland
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FF7E475A93C86769" authority="(Lymantriinae)" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" baseAuthorityName="Lymantriinae" box="[151,428,864,890]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae (Lymantriinae)</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FE5C475A91486769" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[437,812,864,890]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Dicallomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascelina">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FE5C475A90C96769" box="[437,685,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Dicallomera fascelina</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FCD1475B96056769" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[824,1121,864,891]" class="Insecta" family="Lymantriidae" genus="Orgyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiqua">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FCD1475B91866769" box="[824,994,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Orgyia antiqua</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FB7D475B97536769" baseAuthorityName="Hübner" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1172,1335,864,891]" class="Insecta" family="Lymantriidae" genus="Orgyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiquoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FB7D475B97536769" box="[1172,1335,864,891]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">O. antiquoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ḩber). There is a single reared male in NHMUK, from
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FD5347BE91D9678D" box="[698,957,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FD5347BE91DD678D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[698,953,900,926]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Dicallomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascelina">Dicallomera fascelina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In addition,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FBA747BE9702678C" author="Kukal, O. & Kevan, P. G." box="[1102,1382,900,927]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="156 - 163" refId="ref54276" refString="Kukal, O. & Kevan, P. G. (1987) The influence of parasitism on the life history of a high arctic insect, Gynaephora groenlandica (Wocke) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65 (1), 156 - 163. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 87 - 022" type="journal article" year="1987">Kukal and Kevan (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provide an account of the effect of parasitism by this species (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FCB84793918367D1" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[849,999,937,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pectinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FCB84793918367D1" box="[849,999,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">H. pectinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on the lymantriine moth
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FAF9479293F567F5" authority="(Wocke)" baseAuthorityName="Wocke" class="Insecta" family="Lymantriidae" genus="Gynaephora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FAF94792934F67F5" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Gynaephora groenlandica</emphasis>
|
||
(Wocke)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the limits of vegetation in the high Canadian arctic. We have seen specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBAFFD9FA8447F797FC67F4" box="[1389,1432,973,999]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBAFFD9FF7E47CB929B6018" box="[151,255,1009,1035]" name="Germany" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBAFFD9FEDD47CA938C6019" box="[308,488,1008,1034]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Its reported range includes most northern and central European countries,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBAFFD9FAC147CA97F96019" box="[1320,1437,1008,1034]" name="Greenland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBAFFD9FF2E402E937B603D" box="[199,287,1044,1070]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The few captured specimens we have seen were taken in May and June; however,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBAFFD9FB25402E97F8603D" author="Shaw, M. R. & Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L." box="[1228,1436,1044,1070]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="177 - 222" refId="ref55208" refString="Shaw, M. R., Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L. (2016) Two hundred and twenty-five species of reared western Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with descriptions of new species of Campoplex and Diadegma, and records of fifty-five species new to Britain. Entomologist's Gazette, 67, 177 - 222." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Shaw
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FAF8402F972E603D" box="[1297,1354,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
record more than one annual generation in N.W. Europe, with the winter being passed in the hibernating larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBAFFD9FA68400392986065" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Dicallomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascelina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBAFFD9FA68400392986065" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. fascelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |