155 lines
18 KiB
XML
155 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="DD6976A3CCB19B3F110817779C3BCAD3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273503" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1efaa6f8-7a34-458c-8c20-4f23009c3d09" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273503" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459773515454" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barraclough, David A." docDate="2006" docId="477D5D44FFE07E554622FB52E431FD4F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01277p063.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1277" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Atriadops Wandolleck 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="BB44253CFFEE7E5A472AFF94E079FFD1" masterDocTitle="An overview of the South African tangleveined flies (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with an annotated key to the genera and a checklist of species" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698217535398" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="53D613931237E2FB41E3BB5547CD504C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="62024B6DFC80444AE9D3EC8922B04A42">
|
||
<mods:title id="DCF0301409B50F7A92C66AD7DE476DFD">An overview of the South African tangleveined flies (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with an annotated key to the genera and a checklist of species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="D162BB0FA8398D288BDA09284A18DB57" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F1B8F0E4578FA313AF81888ED1C9D20A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F00A3D42286B1AE618990A63E1DB3BA4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2F1FC79C58F0D1F6009C002558F99D28">Barraclough, David A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="2E141FEF85AB53024E64E41B5ADDA1A4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="F3D30BDFCADC9D551249B1D8B11A9537" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="88B26C703CFF270249850A26654FD64A">
|
||
<mods:title id="3DD02CE352BD7A02C82729FA67957904">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="1B11EBA335BA266715F96070E32E1733">
|
||
<mods:date id="4DC9963A72D525FE602D7BF65ABA0D33">2006</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DB8281B12DD638055EB8BB23C4833289" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="2D5CA0E5CFAE2DDB319B29DCA6AE734A">1277</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="41FF5AA521B49BC1C799F7D2A2498D77" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="752129ABEB7EE3165506416CF3969BE2">39</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="D503A0C1745B15B3BEC1F8AC2D0F0653">63</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="EF8AA5ABBC77C43FA27317A9D9EFE4F9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D9B3B598DD2963A8D2AF0AAAC44FE360" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.273503</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F59ACE40C3149817B28D4BF0521B356E" type="GBIF-Dataset">1efaa6f8-7a34-458c-8c20-4f23009c3d09</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A45B26EE5FF35E0FD9D67FCBCB723F38" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A26A3D1C8556BC8ACFE6FB8C64282698" type="Zenodo-Dep">273503</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="477D5D44FFE07E554622FB52E431FD4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6493510" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119347518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6493510" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:477D5D44FFE07E554622FB52E431FD4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/477D5D44FFE07E554622FB52E431FD4F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<subSubSection id="87CEBFD9FFE07E544622FB52E21BFB31" box="[264,610,1222,1248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE07E544622FB52E21BFB31" blockId="14.[264,610,1222,1248]" box="[264,610,1222,1248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="94235B3EFFE07E544622FB52E21BFB31" bold="true" box="[264,610,1222,1248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E544622FB52E21BFB31" ID-CoL="35BH" ID-ENA="2173728" authority="Wandolleck, 1897" authorityName="Wandolleck" authorityYear="1897" box="[264,610,1222,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544622FB52E21BFB31" bold="true" box="[264,610,1222,1248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544622FB52E104FB31" bold="true" box="[264,381,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E5446AFFB52E21BFB31" author="Wandolleck" box="[389,610,1222,1248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="58" refString="Wandolleck, B. (1897) Monographie der Dipteren-Gattungen Colax Wiedem. und Trichopsidea Westw. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin, 23, 241 - 252." type="journal article" year="1897">Wandolleck, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="87CEBFD9FFE07E544622FA86E3B7FA41" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE07E544622FA86E46FFA99" blockId="14.[264,1323,1297,1353]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EFC4CB7CFFE07E544622FA86E46FFA99" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E544622FA86E20BFAF9" ID-CoL="35BH" authority="Wandolleck, 1897: 246" authorityName="Wandolleck" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1897" box="[264,626,1297,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544622FA86E108FAF8" box="[264,369,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4E75CA43FFE07E544653FA85E20BFAF9" author="Wandolleck" box="[377,626,1297,1320]" page="246" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" year="1897">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E544653FA85E246FAF9" author="Wandolleck" box="[377,575,1297,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="58" refString="Wandolleck, B. (1897) Monographie der Dipteren-Gattungen Colax Wiedem. und Trichopsidea Westw. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin, 23, 241 - 252." type="journal article" year="1897">Wandolleck, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 246
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E54445EFA86E438FAF9" ID-CoL="925RD" authority="Wiedemann" authorityName="Wiedemann" box="[884,1089,1297,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Colax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E54445EFA86E3CDFAF8" box="[884,948,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Colax</emphasis>
|
||
Wiedemann
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="106F52F0FFE07E544378FA85E4FEFAF9" box="[1106,1159,1297,1320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E5443C1FA86E22BFA99" authority="Wiedemann, 1824" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Colax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E5443C1FA86E1FFFA98" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Colax macula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E5446A7FAA5E22BFA99" author="Wiedemann" box="[397,594,1329,1352]" pageId="14" pageNumber="58" refString="Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1824) Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus Analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniensi maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. Kiliae, 60 pp." type="book" year="1824">Wiedemann, 1824</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by designation of
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4E75CA43FFE07E544437FAA5E468FA99" author="Blanchard" box="[797,1041,1329,1352]" page="608" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" year="1840">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E544437FAA5E468FA99" author="Blanchard" box="[797,1041,1329,1352]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Blanchard, E. (1840) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Orthopteres, Nevropteres, Hemipteres, Hymenopteres, Lepidopteres et Dipteres. In: Laporte, F. L. de (Comte de Castelnau) (Ed.), Histoire naturelle des animaux articules, annelides, crustaces, arachnides, myriapodes et insectes, Vol. 3. Dumenil. Paris." type="book" year="1840">Blanchard (1840: 608)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE07E544622FAEDE3B7FA41" blockId="14.[264,974,1401,1425]" box="[264,974,1401,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EFC4CB7CFFE07E544622FAEDE3B7FA41" box="[264,974,1401,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544622FAEDE16CFA40" bold="true" box="[264,277,1401,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">*</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E54463FFAEDE239FA41" ID-CoL="5W8DJ" authority="Loew, 1858: 340" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="340" authorityYear="1858" box="[277,576,1401,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E54463FFAEDE1FFFA40" bold="true" box="[277,390,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">vespertilio</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4E75CA43FFE07E5446A7FAEDE239FA41" author="Loew" box="[397,576,1401,1424]" page="340" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" year="1858">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E5446A7FAEDE277FA41" author="Loew" box="[397,526,1401,1424]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" refString="Loew, H. (1858) Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera [part]. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar. Stockholm, 14 (1857), 337 - 383." type="journal article" year="1858">Loew, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 340
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E54457AFAEEE2E9FA40" ID-CoL="925RD" box="[592,656,1402,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Colax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E54457AFAEEE2E9FA40" box="[592,656,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Colax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Probably eastern provinces.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="87CEBFD9FFE07E554622FA55E431FD4F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE07E554622FA55E2D2FE8F" blockId="14.[264,1323,1473,1899]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1323,284,670]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544622FA55E1ECFA0A" bold="true" box="[264,405,1473,1499]" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
A review of all available material reveals that there are at least two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E54439DFA55E553FA0B" box="[1207,1322,1473,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E54439DFA55E553FA0B" box="[1207,1322,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE07E5446ADFA7DE25CF9D2" box="[391,549,1513,1539]" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. A common species has variably shaped wings (often unusually broad basally), the lower extent of the head (including the buccal margin) with extensive, dense, elongate pilosity, and slender elongate palpi present in both sexes. A second, rarely encountered species has slender, elongate wings with pilosity short and/or absent at the lower extent of the head, and the palpi absent. It is unlikely that this species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E54423BF91DE22DF91A" authority="Brunetti, 1929" authorityName="Brunetti" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinnamonea">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E54423BF91DE1EEF91B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">A. cinnamonea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE07E54468EF925E22DF91A" author="Brunetti" box="[420,596,1713,1739]" pageId="14" pageNumber="56" refString="Brunetti, E. (1929) New African Diptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (10) 4, 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1929">Brunetti, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE07E54440CF925E3FAF91A" box="[806,899,1713,1739]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Given the significant variation in body size, body and wing colour, as well as wing patterning, a taxonomic review of the local fauna as part of a wider taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical fauna is indicated. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E544655F8BDE265F893" box="[383,540,1833,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E544655F8BDE265F893" box="[383,540,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">A. vespertilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE07E54443BF8BDE3F1F892" box="[785,904,1833,1859]" name="Botswana" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it has been recorded from much of East, West and Southern Africa, although these records need confirmation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE07E5443B3F8C5E574F8BB" box="[1177,1293,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE07E5443B3F8C5E574F8BB" box="[1177,1293,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only Afrotropical genus recorded from West Africa. It has also been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE17E554622FED0E118FE8F" box="[264,353,324,350]" name="Yemen" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Socotra</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE17E55465AFED0E1BFFE8F" box="[368,454,324,350]" name="Yemen" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE17E5546F7FED0E2E7FE8F" author="Greathead" box="[477,670,324,350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" refString="Greathead, D. J. (1969) Bombyliidae and a first record of Nemestrinidae from Sokotra (Diptera)." type="book" year="1969">Greathead 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE17E554612FEF8E562FE7F" blockId="15.[264,1323,284,670]" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
|
||
A specimen from KwaZuluNatal in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B7C3ACC2FFE17E55443AFEF8E329FE57" box="[784,848,364,390]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Natal</collectingCountry>
|
||
Museum has been reared from a host, as a pupal exuvium is pinned beneath it. Unfortunately no additional data could be sourced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6BEC52FFE17E554612FE2FE431FD4F" blockId="15.[264,1323,284,670]" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE17E554612FE2FE193FE04" bold="true" box="[312,490,443,469]" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Relationships:</emphasis>
|
||
Within the Trichopsideinae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE17E554446FE28E399FE04" box="[876,992,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE17E554446FE28E399FE04" box="[876,992,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clearly has affinity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE17E554622FE70E1EEFE2C" box="[264,407,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Nycterimyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE17E554622FE70E1EEFE2C" box="[264,407,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Nycterimyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with both genera having strongly patterned wings and a tendency for the reduction of the number of apical veins. They also have a similarly recessed facial region. Several other characters are suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE17E55443BFDA0E46EFD9F" author="Bernardi" box="[785,1047,564,590]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" refString="Bernardi, N. (1973) The genera of the family Nemestrinidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Arquivos de Zoologia, 24 (4), 211 - 318." type="journal article" year="1973">Bernardi (1973: 287)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08D497D1FFE17E55430CFDA0E4E3FD9C" box="[1062,1178,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA03040FFE17E55430CFDA0E4E3FD9C" box="[1062,1178,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only Afrotropical nemestrinid genus to lack ocelli. Like other genera of Trichopsideinae, the style is fused with the third antennal segment (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4591A3FFE17E5544A4FD10E442FD4F" author="Bernardi" box="[910,1083,644,670]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" refString="Bernardi, N. (1973) The genera of the family Nemestrinidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Arquivos de Zoologia, 24 (4), 211 - 318." type="journal article" year="1973">Bernardi 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |