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<document id="5336D03639A701C834CD5E8619D8480C" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. &amp; Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFFAE1E4BFC93FAA9FA42C785" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus akroparallagi Biju &amp; Bossuyt 2009, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="384" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="379" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6CC0C7E9B32754CFAE1F5B65A6A6FF81">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3289519E258BF2A5D37F7BA29BBBAFE8">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="621809ECAA08527EBF289E5EFD9FD856">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="01D84CDC2F7BB5A2D7F4C28CCD6F1159">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="13ECC58A2FF87F0A002DC4CC4D0B2ECD">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F5945FFFAE1E4BFC93FAA9FA42C785" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFFAE1E4BFC93FAA9FA42C785" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5945FFFAE1E4BFC93FAA9FA42C785" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FFAE1E44FC93FAA9FAB5C332" box="[890,1337,1363,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAE1E44FC93FAA9FAB5C332" blockId="5.[890,1337,1363,1385]" box="[890,1337,1363,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
<heading id="D0AB9225FFAE1E44FC93FAA9FAB5C332" box="[890,1337,1363,1385]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAE1E44FC93FAA9FB46C332" ID-CoL="76YHF" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[890,1226,1364,1385]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="443" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">PHILAUTUS AKROPARALLAGI</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAE1E44FB3DFAAAFAB5C332" bold="true" box="[1236,1337,1363,1384]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAE1E44FB3DFAAAFAB5C332" box="[1236,1337,1363,1384]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FFAE1E4BFC8BFA87FA42C785" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAE1E44FC8BFA87FADDC3CA" blockId="5.[866,1361,1402,1424]" box="[866,1361,1402,1424]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FC83FA87FC3BC3D5" box="[874,951,1402,1423]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FC2FFA87FB86C3D5" box="[966,1034,1402,1423]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">3AD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FBF0FA87FBD2C3D5" box="[1049,1118,1402,1423]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[144,223,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,835,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-208@7.[303,1263,835,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. A, specimen SDB 3021; B, paratype, (BNHS 4388); C, paratype, (BNHS 4536); D, paratype, (BNHS 4392). All photographs are from the type locality, Ponmudi, and were collected from within a range of about 100 m2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445366/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">4AD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FB85FA87FBF0C3CA" box="[1132,1148,1402,1424]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snoutvent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FB62FA87FB23C3CA" box="[1163,1199,1402,1424]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[144,223,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[164,1402,197,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-0@9.[162,1405,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution map. A, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; B, Philautus amboli sp. nov.; C, Philautus anili; D, Philautus beddomii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445370/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAE1E44FB54FA87FB57C3D5" box="[1213,1243,1402,1423]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">19</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFAE1E44FB03FA87FAC5C3CA" box="[1258,1353,1402,1424]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">TABLE 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAE1E44FCCFFA5CFAFBC015" blockId="5.[806,1421,1440,1615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAE1E44FCCFFA5CFC47C3EF" box="[806,971,1440,1462]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FC3DFA5DFAFBC015" collectingDate="1999-07-21" collectionCode="SVL, SDB" country="India" location="Ponmudi" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram District" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4387, BNHS 4388-4389, BNHS 4391-4392, BNHS 4536" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFAE1E44FC3DFA5DFBB1C3EC" box="[980,1085,1440,1462]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FBA3FA5CFB5AC3EC" box="[1098,1238,1441,1462]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4387</specimenCode>
, an adult male,
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFFAE1E44FCCFFA42FCD4C38E" box="[806,856,1471,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">SVL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFAE1E44FC8EFA42FC40C38F" box="[871,972,1471,1493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
, collected by
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFFAE1E44FB95FA42FB3CC38E" box="[1148,1200,1471,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">SDB</collectionCode>
on
<date id="FFE20389FFAE1E44FB03FA42FA01C38E" box="[1258,1421,1471,1493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" value="1999-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FFAE1E44FB03FA42FA01C38E" box="[1258,1421,1471,1493]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" value="1999-07-21">21 July 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
from
<location id="8E837392FFAE1E44FC69FA23FC65C3AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFFAE1E4BFC93FAA9FA42C785:8E837392FFAE1E44FC69FA23FC65C3AE" box="[896,1001,1502,1524]" country="India" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram District" name="Ponmudi" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" stateProvince="Kerala">Ponmudi</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FFAE1E44FBF8FA23FA05C3AE" box="[1041,1417,1502,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">Thiruvananthapuram District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFFAE1E44FCCFFA01FCFAC048" box="[806,886,1532,1554]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FFAE1E44FC66FA01FC42C048" box="[911,974,1532,1554]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">India</collectingCountry>
;
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFAE1E44FC0EFA00FBD7C048" box="[999,1115,1533,1554]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FB9DFA01FAC2C04B" box="[1140,1358,1532,1553]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 43884389</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FCCFF9E6FC7AC06A" box="[806,1014,1563,1584]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 43914392</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFAE1E44FBE8F9E6FBFFC06B" box="[1025,1139,1563,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="adult">four adult</specimenCount>
males, and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FB17F9E6FA04C06B" box="[1278,1416,1563,1585]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4536</specimenCode>
, an adult female, collected along with the
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFAE1E44FAE6F9C4FAFFC015" box="[1295,1395,1593,1615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAE1E44FCCFF97EFC1CC135" blockId="5.[806,1421,1667,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAE1E44FCCFF97EFBCAC0C2" box="[806,1094,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">Other material studied:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FBBEF97EFBB6C0ED" collectionCode="FMNH" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="FMNH 218117" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FBBEF97EFA81C0C2" box="[1111,1293,1667,1688]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="Museum">FMNH 218117</specimenCode>
, an adult male, from Ponmudi
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FBB3F95CFBBCC08C" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4394" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FBB3F95CFB75C0EC" box="[1114,1273,1697,1718]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4394</specimenCode>
, an adult male, from Athirimala
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FBA9F93DFC64C0AE" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4395" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FBA9F93DFB42C08C" box="[1088,1230,1728,1750]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4395</specimenCode>
, an adult male, from Kannikatti
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FC13F922FC3AC149" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4396" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FC13F922FB05C0AE" box="[1018,1161,1758,1780]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4396</specimenCode>
, an adult male, from Chathankod
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FC26F900FC11C168" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4397" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FC26F900FBEBC148" box="[975,1127,1789,1810]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4397</specimenCode>
, an adult male, from Bonakkad
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FC47F8E1FA01C168" box="[942,1421,1819,1842]" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4561-4566" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FC47F8E1FB0FC16B" box="[942,1155,1819,1841]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 45614566</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFAE1E44FB7DF8E1FB72C168" box="[1172,1278,1820,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" type="adult">six adult</specimenCount>
males, and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFAE1E44FCCFF8C7FC00C135" collectionCode="BNHS" pageId="5" pageNumber="379" specimenCode="BNHS 4567" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFAE1E44FCCFF8C7FC37C10A" box="[806,955,1850,1872]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">BNHS 4567</specimenCode>
, an adult female, all from Kalpetta (
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFAE1E44FCC7F8A4FC08C135" box="[814,900,1881,1903]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="5" pageNumber="379">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFAD1E47FF4DFA06FDBBC03C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" startId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" targetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAD1E47FF4DFA06FDBBC03C" blockId="6.[164,1441,1530,1638]" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FF4DFA06FE80C054" bold="true" box="[164,268,1531,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; Ln
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FCAEFA01FCDAC054" box="[839,854,1532,1550]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">L</emphasis>
= 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAD1E47FDB8F9E4FD34C076" box="[593,696,1561,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FDB8F9E4FD34C076" box="[593,696,1561,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">Philautus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAD1E47FF4DF95FFC5DC08C" blockId="6.[164,779,1697,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[826,1441,1697,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FF4DF95FFDCFC0EC" box="[164,579,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAD1E47FEC0F95CFDCFC0EC" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[297,579,1697,1718]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">Philautus akroparallagi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAD1E47FDB8F95FFD21C0ED" box="[593,685,1698,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) small male adult size (19.222.5-mm long), medium female adult size (26.027.3-mm long); (2) loreal and tympanic regions mostly light brown; (3) dorsal surface of forearm and lateral side of snout, light brown to dark brown in life, turns light brownish grey in preservation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAD1E46FCBAF923FF6CC149" blockId="6.[826,1441,1697,1903]" lastBlockId="7.[144,759,1605,1903]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="381" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAD1E47FCBAF923FBE5C0A9" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[851,1129,1758,1779]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FCBAF923FBE5C0A9" box="[851,1129,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAD1E47FB9DF922FB41C0AE" box="[1140,1229,1759,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily differentiated from all of the green species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAD1E47FAD8F900FA2DC148" box="[1329,1441,1789,1810]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAD1E47FAD8F900FA2DC148" box="[1329,1441,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">Philautus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Western Ghats by its unique light-brown to dark-brown forearm, and loreal and tympanic regions, in nearly all colour morphs (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAD1E47FB07F8A4FAE5C134" box="[1262,1385,1881,1903]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[144,223,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,835,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-208@7.[303,1263,835,1444]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. A, specimen SDB 3021; B, paratype, (BNHS 4388); C, paratype, (BNHS 4536); D, paratype, (BNHS 4392). All photographs are from the type locality, Ponmudi, and were collected from within a range of about 100 m2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445366/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">Figs 4AD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAD1E47FA9EF8A4FA19C135" box="[1399,1429,1881,1903]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="380">19</figureCitation>
). However, because of the overall green coloration (excepting the variation),
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE24F998FD07C023" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[461,651,1636,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE24F998FD07C023" box="[461,651,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FD72F999FD7BC023" box="[667,759,1636,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
could be confused with four other green species from the Western Ghats (
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE7DF95FFDAEC0EC" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[404,546,1697,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE7DF95FFDAEC0EC" box="[404,546,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. beddomii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FDD2F95FFD46C0EC" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[571,714,1697,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FDD2F95FFD46C0EC" box="[571,714,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FD0BF95FFE96C08F" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FD0BF95FFE96C08F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE89F93DFE6AC08F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[352,486,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE89F93DFE6AC08F" box="[352,486,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FE18F93DFDC6C08F" box="[497,586,1728,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) and with one species,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FF07F923FD00C0AE" authority="(Gunther, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[238,652,1758,1780]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FF07F923FE43C0A9" box="[238,463,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Philautus femoralis</emphasis>
(Günther, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FFAC1E46FD3DF923FF51C149" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFAC1E46FF79FD1FFCB3C549" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" startId="7.[144,223,738,757]" targetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAC1E46FF79FD1FFCB3C549" blockId="7.[144,1421,738,787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FF79FD1FFF74C4AF" bold="true" box="[144,248,738,757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE63FD1FFC98C4AC" bold="true" box="[394,788,738,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE63FD1FFD23C4AF" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[394,687,738,757]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE63FD1FFD23C4AF" bold="true" box="[394,687,738,757]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FD50FD1EFC98C4AC" box="[697,788,739,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFAC1E46FF79FA3EFE14C04B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445366/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" startId="7.[144,223,1475,1494]" targetBox="[303,1263,835,1444]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAC1E46FF79FA3EFE14C04B" blockId="7.[144,1421,1474,1553]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FF79FA3EFD04C38C" bold="true" box="[144,648,1474,1494]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FEEDFA3FFDABC38F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[260,551,1474,1493]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FEEDFA3FFDABC38F" bold="true" box="[260,551,1474,1493]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FDC6FA3EFD04C38C" box="[559,648,1475,1494]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, specimen SDB 3021; B, paratype, (BNHS 4388); C, paratype, (BNHS 4536); D, paratype, (BNHS 4392). All photographs are from the type locality, Ponmudi, and were collected from within a range of about 100 m
<superScript id="7C298801FFAC1E46FE63FA07FE1DC05C" attach="left" box="[394,401,1530,1542]" fontSize="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">2</superScript>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFAC1E46FF41F8E1FB90C134" blockId="7.[144,759,1605,1903]" lastBlockId="7.[806,1421,1605,1902]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">
Apart from the unique light-brown loreal and tympanic region coloration,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE30F8C6FD18C115" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[473,660,1850,1872]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE30F8C6FD18C115" box="[473,660,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FD76F8C6FD7BC10A" box="[671,759,1851,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FEBBF8A4FE50C134" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[338,476,1881,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FEBBF8A4FE50C134" box="[338,476,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FE06F8A4FD15C134" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[495,665,1881,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FE06F8A4FD15C134" box="[495,665,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FD0BF8A4FC01C001" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[738,909,1606,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FD0BF8A4FC01C001" box="[738,909,1606,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FC74F9BBFC77C001" box="[925,1019,1606,1627]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by its smaller male snoutvent length (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAC1E46FC79F999FC5EC020" box="[912,978,1636,1658]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snoutvent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), SVL 20.7 ± 1.0 mm,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FAEBF998FA9AC020" box="[1282,1302,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">N</emphasis>
= 16 (vs. SVL 22.5 ± 2.0 mm,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FBC0F97EFBB1C0C2" box="[1065,1085,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">N</emphasis>
= 7, in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FB44F97EFACCC0C2" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[1197,1344,1667,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FB44F97EFACCC0C2" box="[1197,1344,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; SVL 25.2 ± 2.0 mm,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FC02F95FFC73C0ED" box="[1003,1023,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">N</emphasis>
= 4, in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FB97F95FFAB4C0EC" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1150,1336,1697,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FB97F95FFAB4C0EC" box="[1150,1336,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; SVL 26.3 ± 2.0 mm,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FC35F93DFC7CC08F" box="[988,1008,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">N</emphasis>
= 6, in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FBBAF93DFB50C08F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1107,1244,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FBBAF93DFB50C08F" box="[1107,1244,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FB03F93DFAC5C08F" box="[1258,1353,1728,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), and light-yellowish groin and thigh margins (vs. dark flesh red in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FC45F903FBBDC148" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[940,1073,1789,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FC45F903FBBDC148" box="[940,1073,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAC1E46FBD7F900FB02C148" box="[1086,1166,1789,1811]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="23.[806,885,717,736]" captionTargetBox="[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetId="figure-693@23.[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 13. Holotype of Philautus bobingeri (BNHS 4272) from Ponmudi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
; light white to greyish white groin and thigh margins without marking,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAC1E46FCCFF8C7FC05C115" box="[806,905,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="45.[144,223,1129,1148]" captionTargetBox="[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetId="figure-522@45.[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 40. A, paratype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4461); B, specimen (SDB 40273) from Valparai." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445438/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Fig. 40A</figureCitation>
, or with bluish black spots,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFAC1E46FB16F8C7FAEEC115" box="[1279,1378,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="45.[144,223,1129,1148]" captionTargetBox="[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetId="figure-522@45.[148,756,195,1100]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 40. A, paratype of Philautus jayarami sp. nov. (BNHS 4461); B, specimen (SDB 40273) from Valparai." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445438/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">Fig. 40B</figureCitation>
, in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFAC1E46FCCFF8A4FC27C134" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[806,939,1881,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFAC1E46FCCFF8A4FC27C134" box="[806,939,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="381">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFAC1E46FC5CF8A4FB9CC134" box="[949,1040,1881,1902]" pageId="7" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFA31E49FF4DFCE2FBC1C537" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" startId="8.[164,243,799,818]" targetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FF4DFCE2FBC1C537" blockId="8.[164,1441,799,878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FF4DFCE2FE80C569" bold="true" box="[164,268,799,819]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Morphometric distinction between males of four green
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FC80FCDDFBA9C569" box="[873,1061,800,819]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FC80FCDDFC5CC569" box="[873,976,800,819]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
: Z,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FBBDFCE2FF5FC50A" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FBBDFCE2FAFBC568" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1108,1399,799,818]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FBBDFCE2FAFBC568" bold="true" box="[1108,1399,799,818]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFA31E49FA69FCDDFF5FC50A" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; -,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FEECFCC0FE54C50A" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[261,472,829,848]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FEECFCC0FE54C50A" box="[261,472,829,848]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; O,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FDE3FCC0FD75C50A" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[522,761,829,848]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FDE3FCC0FD75C50A" box="[522,761,829,848]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and •,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FCB5FCC0FB24C50A" bold="true" box="[860,1192,829,848]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FCB5FCC0FBC9C50A" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[860,1093,829,848]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FCB5FCC0FBC9C50A" bold="true" box="[860,1093,829,848]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFA31E49FBA6FCC0FB24C50A" box="[1103,1192,829,848]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snoutvent length SVL (see Table 2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FF55FC5CFDA7C387" blockId="8.[164,779,929,1502]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
Although
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FEDAFC5FFE31C5EC" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[307,445,929,951]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FEDAFC5FFE31C5EC" box="[307,445,929,951]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">P. beddomii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not allied with the new species, we also made a comparison so as to avoid further confusion caused by the overall green colour and comparable snoutvent length.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FD72FC00FECCC26B" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FD72FC00FECCC26B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFA31E49FEA2FBE1FE29C26B" box="[331,421,1052,1073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FDAAFBE1FD47C26B" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[579,715,1052,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FDAAFBE1FD47C26B" box="[579,715,1052,1073]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">P. beddomii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a number of distinct morphological traits and coloration: snout length longer than horizontal diameter of eye, SL 3.3 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFA31E49FED6FB85FE18C2D7" box="[319,404,1144,1165]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
vs. EL 2.6 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFA31E49FDC5FB85FD0FC2D7" box="[556,643,1144,1165]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FD79FB85FD28C2D7" box="[656,676,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">N</emphasis>
= 16 (vs. snout length equal to horizontal diameter of eye, i.e. SL 2.8 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFA31E49FEE0FB48FED2C290" box="[265,350,1205,1226]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
and EL 2.8 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFA31E49FE14FB48FDD8C290" box="[509,596,1205,1226]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FD89FB48FDF8C290" box="[608,628,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">N</emphasis>
= 11), lateral side of snout, forearm, and loreal and tympanic regions light brown to dark brown (vs. dorsal green coloration completely extended to snout, limbs, and loreal and tympanic regions).
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FE13FAD2FD57C31E" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[506,731,1327,1348]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FE13FAD2FD57C31E" box="[506,731,1327,1348]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus femoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a member of the
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFFA31E49FE82FAB3FE01C33E" box="[363,397,1358,1380]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Sri</collectingRegion>
Lankan radiation, and is not closely related to the green species of the Western Ghats (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FFA31E49FF1EFA76FE57C3FB" author="Bossuyt F &amp; Meegaskumbura M &amp; Beenaerts N &amp; Gower DJ &amp; Pethiyagoda R &amp; Roelants K &amp; Mannaert A &amp; Wilkinson M &amp; Bahir MM &amp; Manamendra Arachchi K &amp; Ng PKL &amp; Schneider CJ &amp; Oommen VO &amp; Milinkovitch MC" box="[247,475,1419,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" pagination="479 - 481" refId="ref43065" refString="Bossuyt F, Meegaskumbura M, Beenaerts N, Gower DJ, Pethiyagoda R, Roelants K, Mannaert A, Wilkinson M, Bahir MM, Manamendra Arachchi K, Ng PKL, Schneider CJ, Oommen VO, Milinkovitch MC. 2004. Local endemism within the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot. Science 306: 479 - 481." type="journal article" year="2004">
Bossuyt
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FEB3FA76FE1EC3FA" box="[346,402,1419,1440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">et al.</emphasis>
, 2004
</bibRefCitation>
). A more detailed comparison of green coloured
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA31E49FE70FA54FDD3C3E5" box="[409,607,1449,1471]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FE70FA54FD85C3E4" box="[409,521,1449,1470]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Philautus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
of the Western Ghats is shown in
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FE6AFA35FDABC387" box="[387,551,1480,1502]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Figure 19AD</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FF4DF9F4FD52C135" blockId="8.[164,779,1544,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FF4DF9F4FE8DC066" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFA31E49FE6EF9F5FE69C047" box="[391,485,1544,1565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(with all measurements in mm):
</emphasis>
Small frog (SVL 20.5) with a slender body (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FF45F9B8FE8DC006" box="[172,257,1605,1628]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
); head length (HL 7.7;
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FDEEF9B8FDD6C006" box="[519,602,1605,1628]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) slightly larger than width (HW 7.5; MN 5.9; MFE 4.5; MBE 1.6); outline of snout in dorsal and ventral views pointed, snout length (SL 3.1) longer than horizontal diameter of eye (EL 2.5); canthus rostralis rounded, loreal region acutely concave; distance between posterior margins of eyes (IBE 7.4) about 1.7 times the distance between anterior margins of eyes (IFE 4.3); tympanum (TYD 0.9) rather indistinct; supratympanic fold rather indistinct; tongue without lingual papilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FCBAFC5CFB66C235" blockId="8.[826,1441,929,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
Forelimb (FLL 4.2) shorter than hand (HAL 5.4; TFL 2.9); fingers without lateral dermal fringe, webbing absent; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, single, IV2 absent (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FB68FC00FB59C249" box="[1153,1237,1021,1043]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
); prepollex rather indistinct; palmar tubercle absent; supernumerary tubercles rather indistinct; nuptial pads present (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FCABFBA4FC1AC235" box="[834,918,1113,1135]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), smooth, and creamy white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FCBAFB8AFA92C3E5" blockId="8.[826,1441,929,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
Hindlimbs moderately long, shank (ShL 10.3) almost equal to thigh (TL 10.2), longer than distance from base of inner metatarsal tubercle to tip of toe IV (FOL 8.4); distance from heel to tip of toe IV (TFOL 13.6); webbing reduced (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FB98FB0FFB4BC352" box="[1137,1223,1266,1288]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
), reaching up to second subarticular tubercle on the inside of toe IV, and just above the second subarticular tubercle on the outside of toe IV; dermal fringe along toe V absent; subarticular tubercles rather prominent, rounded, simple, IV3 weakly developed, V2 absent (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFA31E49FAD7FA76FA18C3FB" box="[1342,1428,1419,1441]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[144,223,738,757]" captionTargetBox="[306,1261,198,706]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[303,1263,196,709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov. (BNHS 4387). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); supernumerary tubercles weakly present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E49FCBAFA35FB6CC002" blockId="8.[826,1441,929,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">Skin of snout, between eyes, upper eyelids, side of head, and back, shagreened; flanks shagreened to sparsely granular; dorsal part of limbs shagreened; throat shagreened to granular; chest, belly, and posterior surface of thighs granular.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA31E4BFCD3F97EFD71C785" blockId="8.[826,1441,1667,1903]" lastBlockId="10.[113,765,458,479]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA31E49FCD3F97EFB90C0C2" box="[826,1052,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="382">
Colour of
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFA31E49FC5EF97EFB9AC0C2" box="[951,1046,1667,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="382" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
In life: dorsum uniformly light green with a few scattered grey spots, loreal and tympanic regions light brown; iris light brown, encircled by light bluish white outer ring, lateral region light yellowish, groin light yellowish, forelimbs brownish, thigh with a green line extending from near vent to knee, anterior and posterior margins of thigh light yellow, without markings; shank Species Sex Locality Museum number
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFA21E48FF79F8CFFE04C139" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445370/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" startId="9.[144,223,1842,1861]" targetBox="[164,1402,197,1808]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA21E48FF79F8CFFE04C139" blockId="9.[144,1421,1842,1891]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FF79F8CFFF74C11C" bold="true" box="[144,248,1842,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Distribution map. A,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FE0CF8CFFCE9C11C" bold="true" box="[485,869,1842,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA21E48FE0CF8CFFC8AC11F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[485,774,1842,1861]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FE0CF8CFFC8AC11F" bold="true" box="[485,774,1842,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">Philautus akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFA21E48FCE7F8CEFCE9C11C" box="[782,869,1843,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; B,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FC78F8CFFB30C11C" bold="true" box="[913,1212,1842,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA21E48FC78F8CFFBD1C11F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[913,1117,1842,1861]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amboli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FC78F8CFFBD1C11F" bold="true" box="[913,1117,1842,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">Philautus amboli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFA21E48FB8CF8CEFB30C11C" box="[1125,1212,1843,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; C,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA21E48FB0EF8CEFA0BC11C" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2006" box="[1255,1415,1843,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anili">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA21E48FB0EF8CEFA0BC11C" box="[1255,1415,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="383">Philautus anili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; D,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFA21E48FF58F8ADFE08C139" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[177,388,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beddomii">Philautus beddomii</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFA11E4BFF98FE6DFC78C7FF" box="[113,1012,400,421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="384" startId="10.[113,177,400,421]">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA11E4BFF98FE6DFC78C7FF" blockId="10.[113,1012,400,421]" box="[113,1012,400,421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFA11E4BFF98FE6DFF47C7FF" bold="true" box="[113,203,400,421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="384">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFA11E4BFCDCFE37FA42C785" blockId="10.[821,1486,458,479]" box="[821,1486,458,479]" pageId="10" pageNumber="384">SVL HW HL IUE UEW SL EL FLL HAL</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>