253 lines
31 KiB
XML
253 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4331937" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166139837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4331937" ID-ZooBank="670E7C5B-7889-478D-AD7B-0FCBE1AECDD8" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_matCits="1" checkinTime="1596905913637" checkinUser="torsten" docAuthor="Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M." docDate="2009" docId="0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D" docLanguage="en" docName="dikow_bayless_2009_colour.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insect Systematics & Evolution 40" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Schildia gracillima Walker 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="FFBA8D57FF95AD77417BFFB5FFBD4C2C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species" masterLastPageNumber="289" masterPageNumber="253" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1643568320926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dikow, Torsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">F8869067-4618-4CCE-960C-E8A107F162FB</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-4816-2909</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bayless, Keith M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Insect Systematics & Evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-01-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>40</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>253</mods:start>
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<mods:end>289</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1163/187631209X458358</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3975246</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">670E7C5B-7889-478D-AD7B-0FCBE1AECDD8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4331937" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166139837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4331937" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="271" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[121,1012,1083,1145]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Walker, 1855)" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[121,541,1083,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
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Schildia gracillima (
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker, F." box="[362,532,1083,1109]" firstAuthor="Walker" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="507 - 775" part="Supplement 3 (pt. 7)" refId="ref22357" refString="Walker, F. (1855) List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum. Supplement 3 (pt. 7): 507 - 775." title="List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum" type="book chapter" year="1855">Walker, 1855</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[549,679,1084,1110]" captionStart="Figs 13–24" captionStartId="11.[121,159,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[166,1042,347,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[166,1043,347,1505]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 13–24. Male terminalia of Schildia species with gonostyli (dark grey) and lateral processes of gonostyli (light grey) shaded in lateral views. (13–15) S. adina sp.n.: 13, lateral; 14, dorsal; 15, ventral. (16–18) S. gracillima: 16, lateral; 17, dorsal; 18, ventral. (19–21) S. guatemalae: 19, lateral; 20, dorsal; 21, ventral. (22–24) S. jamaicensis: 22, lateral; 23, dorsal; 24, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3983041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3983041/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">Figs 16–18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[691,721,1084,1110]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[121,152,1072,1094]" captionTargetBox="[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 38. Map of the Neotropical region with biodiversity hotspots and wilderness areas, shaded in grey, showing distribution of Schildia alphus (square), S. caliginosa sp.n. (star), S. fragilis (circle) and S. gracillima (triangle). Open symbols, type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3983047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3983047/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">38</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName authority="(Walker 1855" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
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Leptogaster gracillimus (
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<treatmentCitation author="Walker" box="[128,338,1118,1145]" page="770" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" year="1855">
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker, F." box="[128,338,1118,1145]" firstAuthor="Walker" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="507 - 775" part="Supplement 3 (pt. 7)" refId="ref22357" refString="Walker, F. (1855) List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum. Supplement 3 (pt. 7): 507 - 775." title="List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum" type="book chapter" year="1855">Walker 1855: 770</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 722)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="271" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[121,1046,1170,1232]" box="[121,1046,1170,1197]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[121,1046,1170,1197]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker, 1855" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[121,324,1170,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">Schildia gracillima</taxonomicName>
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(
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<treatmentCitation author="Martin" box="[340,549,1170,1197]" page="110" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" year="1965">
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<bibRefCitation author="Martin, C. H." box="[340,549,1170,1197]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="110 - 134" part="38" refId="ref21512" refString="Martin, C. H. (1965) Generic and subfamily changes, new synonymy, a new species, and notes on Asilidae (Diptera). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 38: 110 - 134." title="Generic and subfamily changes, new synonymy, a new species, and notes on Asilidae (Diptera)" type="journal article" year="1965">Martin 1965: 110</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 114;
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<treatmentCitation author="Martin" box="[620,811,1170,1197]" page="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation author="Martin, C. H." box="[620,811,1170,1197]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref21596" refString="Martin, C. H. (1968 b) A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. 35 a. Family Leptogastridae. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo: pp. 1 - 11." title="A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. 35 a. Family Leptogastridae" type="book chapter" year="1968" yearSuffix="b">Martin 1968b: 5</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Martin" box="[824,1033,1170,1197]" page="190" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" year="1975">
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<bibRefCitation author="Martin, C. H." box="[824,1033,1170,1197]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="189 - 193" part="77" refId="ref21707" refString="Martin, C. H. (1975) Review of the genus Schildia Aldrich (Diptera: Leptogastridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 77: 189 - 193." title="Review of the genus Schildia Aldrich (Diptera: Leptogastridae)" type="journal article" year="1975">Martin 1975: 190</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="18.[121,1046,1170,1232]" box="[121,669,1205,1232]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[121,669,1205,1232]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chas. H. Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[121,297,1205,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Schildia ocellata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<treatmentCitation author="Martin" box="[312,522,1205,1232]" page="189" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" year="1975">
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<bibRefCitation author="Martin, C. H." box="[312,522,1205,1232]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" pagination="189 - 193" part="77" refId="ref21707" refString="Martin, C. H. (1975) Review of the genus Schildia Aldrich (Diptera: Leptogastridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 77: 189 - 193." title="Review of the genus Schildia Aldrich (Diptera: Leptogastridae)" type="journal article" year="1975">Martin 1975: 189</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 192). syn.n.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="271" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[121,1089,1257,1665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by its long body length, the narrow vertex that is as narrow as the face, the laterally apruinose occiput, and the very short and dense trichoid spicules.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="18" pageNumber="271" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[121,1089,1257,1665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="271">Redescription. Head: Face silver pruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax light yellow, 2 setae; vertex narrow, narrower than face at clypeal–facial margin, silver pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin less than adjacent ommatidium; occiput thinly silver pruinose along eye margin, medially silver pruinose, laterally apruinose; postocular setae short, brown; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light brown, light brown setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel proximally light yellow, brown distally, silver pruinose, about 1.5 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, about 2/3 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[121,1089,147,1665]" pageId="19" pageNumber="272">
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Th orax: Predominantly light brown, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow; scutum brown, predominantly apruinose, only posterior margin silver pruinose, 2 yellow lateral longitudinal stripes originating at anterior margin but not reaching posterior margin, broader anteriorly and pointed posteriorly, 2 yellow lateral spots positioned predominantly presutural; presutural dc setae: 2 short, 1 intermediate, 2 long, postsutural dc setae: 2 anteriorly oriented as long as intermediate presutural dc setae, acr setae absent, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum predominantly silver pruinose sometimes apruinose dorsally, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins; anepimeron anteriorly silver and posteriorly brown pruinose, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum anteriorly silver and posteriorly brown pruinose, meron+metanepisternum anteriorly apruinose and posteriorly silver pruinose, metkatepisternum yellow, silver pruinose; scutellum yellow posteriorly and brown medially, silver pruinose, 4–6 very short apical scutellar setae; Legs: yellow to brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow, trochanters sometimes brown ventrally; pro and mes femora light yellow with 1 transverse light brown band medially, met femur mostly light brown to brown, clubbed in distal 2/5, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown setae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 1 light brown transverse band which is sometimes diffi cult to discern, met tibia brown with yellow transverse band in distal half, 2 times wider than width of tibia, all tibiae with brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 2 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 2 apical, 2 medial in distal quarter, 4 lateral macrosetae spaced along tibia; tarsus light yellow to light brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2 following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; all empodia 1/3 as long as median claw; median claw about 3/4 as long as lateral claw; Wings: length =
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<quantity box="[221,364,1049,1076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="272" unit="mm" value="6.55" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="5.3">5.3–7.8 mm</quantity>
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; few microtrichia scattered on wing, trichoid spicules very short, densely arranged, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, 40–50 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d large, terminating in M1 and M2, r-m situated at separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C at the point where R5 joins C but distal to M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length =
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<quantity box="[517,663,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="272" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.3 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[121,1089,147,1665]" pageId="19" pageNumber="272">
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Abdomen: Brown, T1 yellow, T2 yellow anteriorly, sometimes T3-6 also yellow anteriorly; T2 length =
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<quantity box="[390,537,1291,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="272" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.9">4.9–5.1 mm</quantity>
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, T2 with yellow transverse band medially, T2–3 with short, erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with large lateral sensory areas; Male terminalia (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figs 13–24" captionStartId="11.[121,159,1536,1558]" captionTargetBox="[166,1042,347,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[166,1043,347,1505]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 13–24. Male terminalia of Schildia species with gonostyli (dark grey) and lateral processes of gonostyli (light grey) shaded in lateral views. (13–15) S. adina sp.n.: 13, lateral; 14, dorsal; 15, ventral. (16–18) S. gracillima: 16, lateral; 17, dorsal; 18, ventral. (19–21) S. guatemalae: 19, lateral; 20, dorsal; 21, ventral. (22–24) S. jamaicensis: 22, lateral; 23, dorsal; 24, ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3983041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3983041/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="272">Figs. 16–18</figureCitation>
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): epandrial halves fused medially, distal tip arching dorsad, pointed; epandrium and hypandrium entirely fused proximally, gonocoxite easily distinguishable but fused to hypandrium, distinct ventral suture discernible; gonostyli bifid with two apices; Aedeagus: not protruding from hypopygium; dorsal aedeagal sheath with curved ventral protuberances; lateral ejaculatory process cylindrical; Female genitalia: spermathecae occupying only segment 8, individual spermathecal ducts long and coiled; spermathecal reservoirs not sclerotized, as wide as individual ducts, forming a coil.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[121,1089,149,833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825516356" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. W. Bates" country="Brazil" location="Bangil" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[150,199,150,175]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Type</typeStatus>
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material. The
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<specimenCount box="[371,393,149,175]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus box="[402,501,149,175]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[544,792,149,175]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Leptogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillimus">Leptogaster gracillimus</taxonomicName>
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is labeled “
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<typeStatus box="[927,985,149,175]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Type</typeStatus>
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(circular label, green submarginal margin)
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker, 1855" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" box="[512,760,183,209]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Leptogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillimus">Leptogaster gracillimus</taxonomicName>
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Wlk. (handwritten) /
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<collectingCountry box="[1024,1089,183,209]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion box="[121,169,218,244]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Parà</collectingRegion>
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<collectorName box="[175,302,219,245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">H.W. Bates</collectorName>
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51-55 (handwritten) /
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<typeStatus box="[559,666,218,244]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(circular label, red border) /
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<typeStatus box="[981,1088,218,244]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[121,454,253,279]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Leptogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillimus">Leptogaster gracillimus Walker</taxonomicName>
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det. J.E. Chainey 1982 (handwritten) /
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D:8EF512E2FF81AD6342E9FF48FC664D3B" box="[914,987,253,279]" country="Brazil" name="Bangil" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Para">Bangil</location>
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||
(circular label, handwritten) /
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[371,489,287,313]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Leptogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillimus">gracillimus</taxonomicName>
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(handwritten)” (
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<collectionCode box="[688,785,288,314]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">BMNH</collectionCode>
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). The specimen is directly mounted and is in good condition (missing some legs)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[121,1089,149,833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825516363" collectingDate="1959-07-02" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="J. Lane" country="Brazil" determinerName="T. Dikow & K. Bayless" location="Rio Amapari" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="AMAPA" typeStatus="holotype">
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The
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<specimenCount box="[199,221,357,383]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus box="[228,326,357,383]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chas. H. Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[362,535,357,383]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Schildia ocellata</taxonomicName>
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is labeled “Ter.
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<collectingRegion box="[711,807,357,383]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">AMAPA</collectingRegion>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D:8EF512E2FF81AD634255FED0FC004D53" box="[814,957,357,383]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Amapari" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="AMAPA">Rio Amapari</location>
|
||
<collectorName box="[963,1042,357,383]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">J. Lane</collectorName>
|
||
col. (handwritten, black submarginal border) /
|
||
<date box="[602,700,391,418]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1959-07-02">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[602,700,391,418]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1959-07-02">2.VII.59</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(handwritten) /
|
||
<specimenCount box="[888,910,391,417]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<typeStatus box="[935,1089,392,418]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Chas. H. Martin" authorityName="Chas. H. Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[121,482,426,453]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Schildia ocellata Chas. H. Martin</taxonomicName>
|
||
(species name handwritten, red label) /
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Martin" authorityName="Chas. H. Martin" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Schildia ocellata Martin</taxonomicName>
|
||
Det. C.H. Martin 19 (species name handwritten, black submarginal border) /
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Walker, 1855)" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[121,509,495,522]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
|
||
Schildia gracillima (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Walker, F." box="[344,500,495,522]" firstAuthor="Walker" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" pagination="507 - 775" part="Supplement 3 (pt. 7)" refId="ref22357" refString="Walker, F. (1855) List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum. Supplement 3 (pt. 7): 507 - 775." title="List of species of dipterous insects in the collection at the British Museum" type="book chapter" year="1855">Walker, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det.
|
||
<determinerName box="[571,682,495,522]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">T. Dikow</determinerName>
|
||
&
|
||
<determinerName box="[726,843,495,522]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">K. Bayless</determinerName>
|
||
2007” (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[942,1023,496,522]" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
). The specimen is mounted on label paper and is in good condition (antennae broken)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[121,1089,149,833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825516364" box="[150,1088,565,591]" collectingDate="1963-06-18" collectingDateMax="1977-05-26" collectingDateMin="1963-06-18" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="M. Amaral" country="Peru" latitude="-1.45" location="Utinga, Belem" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-55.916668" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
Specimens.
|
||
<specimenCount box="[273,310,565,591]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D:8EF512E2FF81AD634046FD80FE5E4E63" box="[317,483,565,591]" country="Peru" latitude="-1.45" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-55.916668" name="Utinga, Belem" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Utinga, Belem</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[495,584,565,591]" degrees="01" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="-1.45">01°27’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[591,707,565,591]" degrees="048" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="-48.5">048°30’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[719,845,565,591]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1963-06-18">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[719,845,565,591]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1963-06-18">18.vi.1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[856,979,565,591]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">M. Amaral</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[995,1076,565,591]" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825516308" box="[121,1088,599,626]" collectingDate="1977-05-26" collectingDateMax="1977-05-26" collectingDateMin="1963-06-18" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="M. Torres" country="Peru" latitude="-1.45" location="Mocambo do Espirito Santo" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-55.916668" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="2">
|
||
<specimenCount box="[121,132,600,626]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
?
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0383F52FFF87AD634102FB8EFEFC4F6D:8EF512E2FF81AD6341E1FDE2FE584E5E" box="[154,485,599,626]" country="Peru" latitude="-1.45" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-55.916668" name="Mocambo do Espirito Santo" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Mocambo do Espirito Santo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[498,595,600,626]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="0.7">00°42’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[605,721,599,626]" degrees="055" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="-55.916668">055°55’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[735,851,599,625]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1977-05-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[735,851,599,625]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="1977-05-26">26.v.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[865,977,600,626]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">M. Torres</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[995,1076,600,626]" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2825516331" box="[121,564,634,661]" collectingDate="1963-06-18" collectingDateMax="1977-05-26" collectingDateMin="1963-06-18" collectionCode="ZSMC" collectorName="M. Amaral & M. Torres" country="Peru" latitude="-1.45" location="Peru" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-55.916668" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[121,176,635,661]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" value="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[187,223,634,660]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
no locality and date (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[469,555,634,660]" collectionName="Germany, Muenchen [= Munich], Zoologische Staatssammlung" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">ZSMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[121,1089,149,833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Distribution. Brazil, Peru (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[455,543,669,695]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[121,152,1072,1094]" captionTargetBox="[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 38. Map of the Neotropical region with biodiversity hotspots and wilderness areas, shaded in grey, showing distribution of Schildia alphus (square), S. caliginosa sp.n. (star), S. fragilis (circle) and S. gracillima (triangle). Open symbols, type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3983047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3983047/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
). Biodiversity hotspot/high-biodiversity wilderness area: –/Amazonia (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[386,471,703,730]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[121,152,1072,1094]" captionTargetBox="[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[160,1048,146,1039]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 38. Map of the Neotropical region with biodiversity hotspots and wilderness areas, shaded in grey, showing distribution of Schildia alphus (square), S. caliginosa sp.n. (star), S. fragilis (circle) and S. gracillima (triangle). Open symbols, type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3983047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3983047/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="273" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[121,1089,149,833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chas. H. Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[266,453,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Schildia ocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from north-eastern Brazil by Martin in 1975, is here synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[508,648,773,799]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Schildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">S. gracillima</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the holotypes are morphologically indistinguishable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |