718 lines
78 KiB
XML
718 lines
78 KiB
XML
<document id="F9D4D24A99548D863807E713F16EF749" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.011" ID-ISSN="1873-3700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10484067" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1704938998075" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vanderplanck, Maryse & Glauser, Gaétan" docDate="2018" docId="038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytochemistry.154.1-9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytochemistry 154" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.011" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9E596C34F4E94307D29315B03ACE1007.6:Phytochemistry.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9E596C34F4E94307D29315B03ACE1007" docStyleName="Phytochemistry.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Aconitum samples" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFBAFFC4FFE3FF830929FFF9FFC1FF8D" masterDocTitle="Integration of non-targeted metabolomics and automated determination of elemental compositions for comprehensive alkaloid profiling in plants" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1705329726807" updateUser="juliana">
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<mods:titleInfo id="87430F621498DA99F93187E91D3A3E02">
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<mods:title id="C2140A0ED60B96A42C81018B9172EF63">Integration of non-targeted metabolomics and automated determination of elemental compositions for comprehensive alkaloid profiling in plants</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9D09FFDFF5F0D3FB3A4270FFE0750A21" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7E31DB276AFBDA023C4DA5580B4F59D3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="66B27E6C17D597C5A02CF0BF650769F1">Vanderplanck, Maryse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BFD0FADFB7C01B7E49327A84B52545A3">Analytical Chemistry, AgroBioChem Department, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio-Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, B- 5030 Gembloux, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A248AA39690789767EDD57BC86FDB825">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E80814B668EB2371EA4368E5EA6FE41A">Glauser, Gaétan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7CA6330B1C9AA7AF8C8F265B5B3A4996">Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH- 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D107EF0BE4FDE22C724AF00F188190A0" type="email">gaetan.glauser@unine.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="DFC3CFF571A4935186D365C5DD32AEED">Phytochemistry</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="964C0BEA83D0A1A4198AC892475104BE">
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<mods:date id="A29A558DAA57F57A454C59E3237CD141">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="75773FD830A1C0F88E96D5F4E1E5784D">2018-06-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="30FAA0122D3C18982E4FEB368C4A4A89">154</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="121870EA63817E5988F1B5D2801B46F7">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="F7E647197428940970D600B414642C95">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.011</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="751D6C11CD112A8A7F31C2D6D37D4087">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="358C664499003D9097C0C61E3040B360" type="DOI">10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.011</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6231E5C88EFFF1A2A5E9C2A7FF2A5B07" type="ISSN">1873-3700</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="370A594EC1537342A11EC830C9D6CCD0" type="Zenodo-Dep">10484067</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection id="C3306521FFE7FF870A1BFC1DFB44FC7A" box="[818,1157,996,1015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE7FF870A1BFC1DFB44FC7A" blockId="4.[818,1157,996,1015]" box="[818,1157,996,1015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="D0DD81C6FFE7FF870A1BFC1DFB44FC7A" bold="true" box="[818,1157,996,1015]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870A1BFC1DFB44FC7A" bold="true" box="[818,1157,996,1015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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2.4. Application to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870ACDFC1DFBF8FC7A" ID-CoL="N5G" authority="L." box="[996,1081,996,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Aconitum</taxonomicName>
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samples
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3306521FFE7FF850A7AFBE5FF1EF98A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE7FF860A7AFBE5FF64FAB0" blockId="4.[818,1488,1052,1994]" lastBlockId="5.[100,770,1154,1425]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Using the MarkerLynx metabolomic approach, a total of 359 alkaloid candidates was detected in the leaf, perianth and pollen samples of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870A1BFBADFC72FBEA" box="[818,947,1108,1127]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870A1BFBADFC72FBEA" bold="true" box="[818,947,1108,1127]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870AC1FBADFB8CFBEA" box="[1000,1101,1108,1127]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870AC1FBADFB8CFBEA" bold="true" box="[1000,1101,1108,1127]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. napellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 296 molecular formulae matched with known alkaloids from the DNP database, including 282 already found in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870A45FB75FC00FB12" box="[876,961,1164,1183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870A45FB75FC00FB12" bold="true" box="[876,961,1164,1183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aconitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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genus. The remaining 63 candidates (17.55%) represent potentially yet unknown alkaloids, thus this dataset may be useful for future phytochemical investigations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870D89FB3AFB34FB5B" box="[1184,1269,1219,1238]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870D89FB3AFB34FB5B" bold="true" box="[1184,1269,1219,1238]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aconitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tissues. To reduce data complexity, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the refined dataset consisting of alkaloid candidates and revealed that the samples were clearly clustered in two different groups (
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<figureCitation id="13112A2FFFE7FF870C52FAEEFA04FAA7" box="[1403,1477,1303,1322]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,1914,1931]" captionTargetBox="[245,1342,1472,1891]" captionTargetId="graphics-375@5.[762,1151,1501,1851]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. PCA score plot for first and second components (PC 1 and PC 2) showing a clear separation between A. lycoctonum and A. napellus alkaloid profiles (A). PLS-DA score plot for first and second latent variables (LV 1 and LV 2) seeking to sharpen the discrimination between Aconitum species. Ellipsoids represent 95% confidence ellipses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10484073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10484073/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
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), with the two species being distributed on both sides of the PC1 axis that explained 29.06% of the total variance. This species-clustering was corroborated by a perMANOVA that detected a significant difference between the two
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870AC8FA7EFBF7FA17" box="[993,1078,1415,1434]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870AC8FA7EFBF7FA17" bold="true" box="[993,1078,1415,1434]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aconitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (F
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870D89FA76FB7EFA11" attach="left" box="[1184,1215,1423,1436]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1,16</subScript>
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= 6.107,
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870C0AFA7EFAECFA17" bold="true" box="[1315,1325,1415,1434]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p</emphasis>
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<0.001). Such chemical variation between
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870D17FA5AFB7EFA3B" box="[1086,1215,1443,1462]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870D17FA5AFB7EFA3B" bold="true" box="[1086,1215,1443,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870DD9FA5AFA92FA3B" box="[1264,1363,1443,1462]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870DD9FA5AFA92FA3B" bold="true" box="[1264,1363,1443,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. napellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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supports the use of specialized metabolites, especially diterpenoid alkaloids, as chemical markers valuable to plant taxonomy. The separation between the two
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870AA2FA0FFC21F984" box="[907,992,1526,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870AA2FA0FFC21F984" bold="true" box="[907,992,1526,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aconitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species was further investigated by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) (
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<figureCitation id="13112A2FFFE7FF870D9AF9EBFB38F9A8" box="[1203,1273,1554,1573]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,1914,1931]" captionTargetBox="[245,1342,1472,1891]" captionTargetId="graphics-375@5.[762,1151,1501,1851]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. PCA score plot for first and second components (PC 1 and PC 2) showing a clear separation between A. lycoctonum and A. napellus alkaloid profiles (A). PLS-DA score plot for first and second latent variables (LV 1 and LV 2) seeking to sharpen the discrimination between Aconitum species. Ellipsoids represent 95% confidence ellipses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10484073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10484073/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
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), a supervised method that explains maximum separation among defined classes of samples. Once again, the ordination map showed a clear discrimination between the two species according to the LV 1 axis that explained 28.9% of the total variance (
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<tableCitation id="C6A80311FFE7FF870AEFF97BFBCEF918" box="[966,1039,1666,1685]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[818,868,1157,1174]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 2 PLS-DA cross-validation metrics." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). Following PLS-DA, the variable influence in projection (VIP) scores were used to select the most influential alkaloid-like metabolites that were mainly responsible for species separation (i.e. VIP ≥1). The 5 most influential candidates for each species were tentatively identified as known alkaloids by matching the obtained molecular formulae with the DNP database (
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<tableCitation id="C6A80311FFE7FF870DF6F8F4FAE7F8AD" box="[1247,1318,1805,1824]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="6.[100,150,161,178]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 3 Alkaloid-like metabolites highlighted by means of PLS-DA (Fig. 3B) and representative of either A. lycoctonum or A. napellus were tentatively identified using the DNP database. Elemental compositions, mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) and retention times (Rt) are provided for the 10 markers." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Table 3</tableCitation>
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). All of them but one have been reported in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870D5BF8D0FB06F8B1" box="[1138,1223,1833,1852]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870D5BF8D0FB06F8B1" bold="true" box="[1138,1223,1833,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aconitum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and/or
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870C36F8D0FA45F8B1" box="[1311,1412,1833,1852]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870C36F8D0FA45F8B1" bold="true" box="[1311,1412,1833,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Delphinium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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genera (
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870A11F8BCFC06F8D5" box="[824,967,1861,1880]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
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family). Regarding the marker candidates of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE7FF870CB1F8BCFC46F8F9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE7FF870CB1F8BCFC46F8F9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: (i) C
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870A94F890FC0EF8FB" attach="right" box="[957,975,1897,1910]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">36</subScript>
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H
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870AF7F890FC31F8FB" attach="both" box="[990,1008,1897,1910]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">48</subScript>
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N
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870D29F890FBC8F8FB" attach="right" box="[1024,1033,1897,1910]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2</subScript>
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O
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870D31F890FBEBF8FB" attach="left" box="[1048,1066,1897,1910]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</subScript>
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was tentatively assigned as lycaconitine, (ii) C
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870A16F87CFC90F81F" attach="both" box="[831,849,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">37</subScript>
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H
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870A48F87CFCB2F81F" attach="both" box="[865,883,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">48</subScript>
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N
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870AABF87CFC4AF81F" attach="both" box="[898,907,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2</subScript>
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O
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870AB2F87CFC6CF81F" attach="left" box="[923,941,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11</subScript>
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as potanidine B, (iii) C
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870DB1F87CFB6BF81F" attach="both" box="[1176,1194,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">24</subScript>
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H
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870D93F87CFB0DF81F" attach="both" box="[1210,1228,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">33</subScript>
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NO
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870DC2F87CFB35F81F" attach="left" box="[1259,1268,1925,1938]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5</subScript>
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as a hetisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid, probably ternatine or cardionine, and (iv) C
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870A16F844FC90F847" attach="both" box="[831,849,1981,1994]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25</subScript>
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H
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870A48F844FCB2F847" attach="both" box="[865,883,1981,1994]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">35</subScript>
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NO
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE7FF870AB8F844FC5BF847" attach="left" box="[913,922,1981,1994]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5</subScript>
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as a yuzurimine-type alkaloid, probably yuzurimine A or E. Four putative markers were tentatively identified in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860B66FB7AFD70FB1B" box="[591,689,1155,1174]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860B66FB7AFD70FB1B" bold="true" box="[591,689,1155,1174]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. napellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, namely anthriscifoldine A (C
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<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF86084DFB5EFEB7FB39" attach="both" box="[356,374,1191,1204]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">25</subScript>
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H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF8608AFFB5EFE59FB39" attach="both" box="[390,408,1191,1204]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">37</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF86089EFB5EFE01FB39" attach="left" box="[439,448,1191,1204]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</subScript>
|
||
), 14-
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860B38FB66FDE1FB3F" bold="true" box="[529,544,1183,1202]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O</emphasis>
|
||
-acetylegenicunine B (C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860953FB3AFF4DFB5D" attach="both" box="[122,140,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">25</subScript>
|
||
H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF8609B2FB3AFF6CFB5D" attach="both" box="[155,173,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">37</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF8609E5FB3AFF14FB5D" attach="left" box="[204,213,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</subScript>
|
||
), bullatine C (C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860843FB3AFEBDFB5D" attach="both" box="[362,380,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26</subScript>
|
||
H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF8608A5FB3AFE5FFB5D" attach="both" box="[396,414,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">41</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860895FB3AFE04FB5D" attach="left" box="[444,453,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</subScript>
|
||
) and napellonine (C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860BADFB3AFD57FB5D" attach="both" box="[644,662,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">22</subScript>
|
||
H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860B8FFB3AFD79FB5D" attach="both" box="[678,696,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">31</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860BFEFB3AFD21FB5D" attach="left" box="[727,736,1219,1232]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</subScript>
|
||
). It was not possible to propose unequivocal assignments for C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860B8FFB26FD79FB61" attach="both" box="[678,696,1247,1260]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24</subScript>
|
||
H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860BE1FB26FD1BFB61" attach="both" box="[712,730,1247,1260]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">33</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860BD0FB26FCC3FB61" attach="left" box="[761,770,1247,1260]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</subScript>
|
||
(alkaloid-1AL) and C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860800FB03FEFAFA8A" attach="right" box="[297,315,1274,1287]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24</subScript>
|
||
H
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860863FB03FE9DFA8A" attach="both" box="[330,348,1274,1287]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">37</subScript>
|
||
NO
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860852FB03FE45FA8A" attach="left" box="[379,388,1274,1287]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</subScript>
|
||
(alkaloid-1AN) because of the relatively high number of isomers reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF8608EAFAF7FDD9FAAC" box="[451,536,1294,1313]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF8608EAFAF7FDD9FAAC" bold="true" box="[451,536,1294,1313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for these molecular formulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF556622FFE6FF86094DFBD3FEE7FBD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10484071" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10484071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10484071/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[100,130,1066,1083]" targetBox="[339,1248,152,1043]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE6FF86094DFBD3FEE7FBD8" blockId="5.[100,1487,1066,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF86094DFBD3FF5DFBB6" bold="true" box="[100,156,1066,1083]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Correlations of identification quality of the optimized method with
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860BFFFBD3FD36FBB6" bold="true" box="[726,759,1066,1083]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">m/z</emphasis>
|
||
ratio and intensity. The polyserial correlation coefficients (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860DCEFBD3FB34FBB0" bold="true" box="[1255,1269,1066,1085]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860DCEFBD3FB34FBB0" attach="left" box="[1255,1269,1066,1085]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">rp</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and p-values (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860C5FFBD3FABEFBB6" bold="true" box="[1398,1407,1066,1083]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">p</emphasis>
|
||
) for each correlation are shown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF556622FFE6FF860A1BFB7CFB89FB3D" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[818,868,1157,1174]" targetBox="[834,1471,1218,1304]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE6FF860A1BFB7CFB89FB3D" blockId="5.[818,1096,1157,1200]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860A1BFB7CFCB4FB1B" bold="true" box="[818,885,1157,1174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</emphasis>
|
||
PLS-DA cross-validation metrics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE6FF860A6BFB3FFA7EFA95" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<table id="F92AC40AFFE6007C0A6BFB3BFA7EFA95" box="[834,1471,1218,1304]" gridcols="6" gridrows="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE6007C0A6BFB3BFA7EFB58" box="[834,1471,1218,1237]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0A6BFB3BFC59FB58" box="[834,920,1218,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Component</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0AE4FB3BFC39FB58" box="[973,1016,1218,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R 2 X</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D05FB3BFBBDFB58" box="[1068,1148,1218,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R 2 X (cum)</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D98FB3BFB1DFB58" box="[1201,1244,1218,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R 2 Y</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0C39FB3BFA9EFB58" box="[1296,1375,1218,1237]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R 2 Y (cum)</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0CBDFB3BFA7EFB58" box="[1428,1471,1218,1237]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Q2</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE6007C0A6BFB0BFA7EFA8C" box="[834,1471,1266,1281]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0A6BFB0BFC59FA8C" box="[834,920,1266,1281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">LV 1</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0AE4FB0BFC39FA8C" box="[973,1016,1266,1281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.289</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D05FB0BFBBDFA8C" box="[1068,1148,1266,1281]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.289</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D98FB0BFB1DFA8C" box="[1201,1244,1266,1281]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.965</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0C39FB0BFA9EFA8C" box="[1296,1375,1266,1281]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.965</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0CBDFB0BFA7EFA8C" box="[1428,1471,1266,1281]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.942</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE6007C0A6BFAF0FA7EFA95" box="[834,1471,1289,1304]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0A6BFAF0FC59FA95" box="[834,920,1289,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">LV 2</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0AE4FAF0FC39FA95" box="[973,1016,1289,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.104</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D05FAF0FBBDFA95" box="[1068,1148,1289,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.393</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0D98FAF0FB1DFA95" box="[1201,1244,1289,1304]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.286</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0C39FAF0FA9EFA95" box="[1296,1375,1289,1304]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.994</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE6007C0CBDFAF0FA7EFA95" box="[1428,1471,1289,1304]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.556</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE6FF8509ACFABFFF1EF98A" blockId="5.[100,770,1154,1425]" lastBlockId="6.[100,771,576,1543]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
From the review of the literature, lycaconitine, a C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860B53FAB7FD4DFAD6" attach="left" box="[634,652,1358,1371]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloid, is known to occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF8608ABFA9BFDC3FAF8" box="[386,514,1378,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF8608ABFA9BFDC3FAF8" bold="true" box="[386,514,1378,1397]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since its isolation from the roots of the plant in 1884 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE6FF860848FA87FDB6FA1C" author="Dragendorff, G. & Spolm, H." box="[353,631,1405,1425]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref10118" refString="Dragendorff, G., Spolm, H., 1884. Die Alkaloide des Aconitum Lycoctonum. Zeitschr. f. Kussland, vol. 80 44 pp. St. Petersburg." type="book" year="1884">Dragendorff and Spolm, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Lycaconitine has been recently found in corollas of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860D9DFAADFCADFA0E" authority="(Barlow et al., 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Barlow" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860D9DFAADFAF9FAEA" bold="true" box="[1204,1336,1364,1383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE6FF860C63FAADFCA3FA0E" author="Barlow, S. E. & Wright, G. A. & Ma, C. & Barberis, M. & Farrell, I. W. & Marr, E. C. & Brankin, A. & Pavlik, B. M. & Stevenson, P. C." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2552 - 2558" refId="ref9692" refString="Barlow, S. E., Wright, G. A., Ma, C., Barberis, M., Farrell, I. W., Marr, E. C., Brankin, A., Pavlik, B. M., Stevenson, P. C., 2017. Distasteful nectar deters floral robbery. Curr. Biol. 27 (16), 2552 - 2558." type="journal article" year="2017">Barlow et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Potanidine B is a lycoctonine-type C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE6FF860DE5FA81FB1FFA08" attach="left" box="[1228,1246,1400,1413]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloid that was isolated from the root of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860D93FA75FA0EFA12" authority="Huth" authorityName="Huth" box="[1210,1487,1420,1439]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potaninii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860D93FA75FA47FA12" bold="true" box="[1210,1414,1420,1439]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Delphinium potaninii</emphasis>
|
||
Huth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850943FDB9FF3AFDDE" box="[106,251,576,595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) for its structural characterization (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850B59FDB9FF55FDE3" author="Pu, H. Y. & Wang, F. P." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="689 - 692" refId="ref11201" refString="Pu, H. Y., Wang, F. P., 1994. Structures of potanidine A and potanidine B. Acta Pharm. Sin. B 29 (9), 689 - 692." type="journal article" year="1994">Pu and Wang, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Its occurrence in other tissues than roots is, to our knowledge, unreported. The hetisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid detected in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850BE7FD8EFF78FD2B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850BE7FD8EFF78FD2B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might correspond to ternatine, previously isolated from the aerial parts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8509DAFD56FE26FD4F" authority="Huth" authorityName="Huth" box="[243,487,687,706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ternatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF8509DAFD56FE71FD4F" bold="true" box="[243,432,687,706]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium ternatum</emphasis>
|
||
Huth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8508DCFD56FD47FD4F" box="[501,646,687,706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BB5FD56FF15FD53" author="Narzullaev, A. S. & Abdullaev, N. D. & Yunusov, M. S. & Matveev, V. M. & Yunusova, S. G." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="184 - 185" refId="ref10936" refString="Narzullaev, A. S., Abdullaev, N. D., Yunusov, M. S., Matveev, V. M., Yunusova, S. G., 1997. Ternatine, a new diterpene alkaloid from Delphinium ternatum. Russ. Chem. B + 46 (1), 184 - 185." type="journal article" year="1997">Narzullaev et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or to cardionine previously isolated from above-ground parts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850990FD1EFE0AFD77" authority="DC" authorityName="DC" box="[185,459,743,762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardiopetalum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850990FD1EFE67FD77" bold="true" box="[185,422,743,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium cardiopetalum</emphasis>
|
||
DC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8508F5FD1EFDACFD77" box="[476,621,743,762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BADFD1EFF0CFC9B" author="De la Fuente, G. & Gavin, J. A. & Reina, M. & Acosta, R. D." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="342 - 344" refId="ref9924" refString="De la Fuente, G., Gavin, J. A., Reina, M., Acosta, R. D., 1990. The structures of cardionine and 11 - acetylcardionine, news C- 20 diterpenoid alkaloids from the selective inaptnmr technique. J. Org. Chem. 55, 342 - 344." type="journal article" year="1990">De la Fuente et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), both being C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF85087EFCF2FEA8FC95" attach="left" box="[343,361,779,792]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids. The yuzurimine-type alkaloid might correspond to either yuzurimine A, a minor alkaloid from the bark and the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8508EBFCC2FCC2FCC3" authority="Miq." authorityName="Miq." box="[450,771,827,846]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" genus="Daphniphyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macropodum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF8508EBFCC2FD08FCC3" bold="true" box="[450,713,827,846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphniphyllum macropodum</emphasis>
|
||
Miq.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850943FCAEFED7FCE7" box="[106,278,855,874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Daphniphyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850802FCAEFE23FCE7" author="Sakurai, H. & Irikawa, H. & Yamamura, S. & Hirata, Y." box="[299,482,855,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="2883 - 2888" refId="ref11642" refString="Sakurai, H., Irikawa, H., Yamamura, S., Hirata, Y., 1967. Isolation of yuzurimines A and B from Daphniphyllum mcropodum Miquel. Tetrahedron Lett. 8 (30), 2883 - 2888." type="journal article" year="1967">Sakurai et al., 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or yuzurimine E, an alkaloid from the seed of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850839FC8BFD80FC08" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[272,577,882,901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" genus="Daphniphyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calycinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850839FC8BFE3BFC08" bold="true" box="[272,506,882,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphniphyllum calycinum</emphasis>
|
||
Benth.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850B66FC8BFD3AFC08" box="[591,763,882,901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Daphniphyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850945FC77FEE1FC2C" author="El Bitar, H. & Nguyen, V. H. & Gramain, A. & Sevenet, T. & Bodo, B." box="[108,288,910,929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1094 - 1099" refId="ref10215" refString="El Bitar, H., Nguyen, V. H., Gramain, A., Sevenet, T., Bodo, B., 2004. New alkaloids from Daphniphyllum calycinum. J. Nat. Prod. 67 (7), 1094 - 1099." type="journal article" year="2004">El Bitar et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8508E6FC77FCC3FC2C" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[463,770,910,929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" genus="Daphniphyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF8508E6FC77FD00FC2C" bold="true" box="[463,705,910,929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphniphyllum glaucescens</emphasis>
|
||
Blume
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850943FC53FED7FC30" box="[106,278,938,957]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Daphniphyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850802FC53FE27FC30" author="Takatsu, H. & Morita, H. & Shen, Y. - A. & Kobayashi, J." box="[299,486,938,957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="6279 - 6284" refId="ref11813" refString="Takatsu, H., Morita, H., Shen, Y. - A., Kobayashi, J., 2004. Daphniglaucins D-H, J and K, new alkaloids from Daphniphyllum glaucescens. Tetrahedron 60 (30), 6279 - 6284." type="journal article" year="2004">Takatsu et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). With regards to the markers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF8509A9FC3FFEE6FC54" box="[128,295,966,985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF8509A9FC3FFEE6FC54" bold="true" box="[128,295,966,985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, anthriscifoldine A is a C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850B0CFC37FDF6FC56" attach="left" box="[549,567,974,987]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloid that was obtained from the whole herbs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850B26FC1BFEDCFB9C" authority="Hance" authorityName="Hance" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="anthriscifolium" variety="savatieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850B26FC1BFCC3FC78" bold="true" box="[527,770,994,1013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium anthriscifolium</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF8509B9FC07FF1AFB9C" bold="true" box="[144,219,1022,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">savatieri</emphasis>
|
||
Hance
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ranunulaceae) for its structure elucidation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BFDFC07FF12FBA0" author="Song, L. & Liu, X. - Y. & Chen, Q. - H. & Wang, F. - P." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="158 - 161" refId="ref11750" refString="Song, L., Liu, X. - Y., Chen, Q. - H., Wang, F. - P., 2009. New C 19 - and C 18 - Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 57 (2), 158 - 161." type="journal article" year="2009">Song et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). 14-
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85082EFBE3FED7FBA0" bold="true" box="[263,278,1050,1069]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O</emphasis>
|
||
-acetylegenicunine B is a norditerpene alkaloid isolated from aerial parts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85087AFBCFFDD1FBC4" box="[339,528,1078,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variegatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85087AFBCFFDD1FBC4" bold="true" box="[339,528,1078,1097]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum variegatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850B1AFBCFFD05FBC4" box="[563,708,1078,1097]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BF1FBCFFF13FBE8" author="Diaz, J. G. & Ruiza, J. G. & Herz, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="837 - 846" refId="ref10064" refString="Diaz, J. G., Ruiza, J. G., Herz, W., 2005. Norditerpene and diterpene alkaloids from Aconitum variegatum. Phytochemistry 66 (7), 837 - 846." type="journal article" year="2005">Diaz et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that is a closely related species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850B04FBABFF5FFB0C" authority="(Luo et al., 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Luo" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850B04FBABFD50FBE8" bold="true" box="[557,657,1106,1125]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850B88FBABFF55FB0C" author="Luo, Y. & Zhang, F. - M. & Yang, Q. - E." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="11 - 25" refId="ref10889" refString="Luo, Y., Zhang, F. - M., Yang, Q. - E., 2005. Phylogeny of Aconitum subgenus Aconitum (ranunculaceae) inferred from its sequences. Plant Systemat. Evol. 252, 11 - 25." type="journal article" year="2005">Luo et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bullatine C is a C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850860FB8FFE9AFB0E" attach="left" box="[329,347,1142,1155]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloid found in the nectar and galeas of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850992FB70FDE7FB11" authority="(Barlow et al., 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Barlow" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[187,550,1161,1180]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850992FB70FE9FFB11" bold="true" box="[187,350,1161,1180]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum napellus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850845FB70FDDCFB11" author="Barlow, S. E. & Wright, G. A. & Ma, C. & Barberis, M. & Farrell, I. W. & Marr, E. C. & Brankin, A. & Pavlik, B. M. & Stevenson, P. C." box="[364,541,1161,1180]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="2552 - 2558" refId="ref9692" refString="Barlow, S. E., Wright, G. A., Ma, C., Barberis, M., Farrell, I. W., Marr, E. C., Brankin, A., Pavlik, B. M., Stevenson, P. C., 2017. Distasteful nectar deters floral robbery. Curr. Biol. 27 (16), 2552 - 2558." type="journal article" year="2017">Barlow et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while napellonine (i.e. dehydronapelline) is known as a C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850886FB57FE00FB36" attach="left" box="[431,449,1198,1211]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloid occurring in herb and flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85081CFB38FDABFB59" authority="(Chen et al., 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[309,618,1217,1236]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85081CFB38FE5CFB59" bold="true" box="[309,413,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850899FB38FDA1FB59" author="Chen, Y. & Koelliker, S. & Oehme, M. & Katz, A." box="[432,608,1217,1236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="701 - 704" refId="ref9865" refString="Chen, Y., Koelliker, S., Oehme, M., Katz, A., 1999. Isolation of diterpenoid alkaloids from herb and flowers of Aconitum napellus ssp. vulgare and electrospray ion trpa multiple MS study of these alkaloids. J. Nat. Prod. 62, 701 - 704." type="journal article" year="1999">Chen et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Regarding the chemotaxonomic significance of these features, previous studies suggested that C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF8509CBFAF8FF35FA83" attach="left" box="[226,244,1281,1294]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18</subScript>
|
||
and C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF85081AFAF8FE84FA83" attach="left" box="[307,325,1281,1294]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids display a taxonomic importance relative to the C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850843FAE4FEBDFAA7" attach="left" box="[362,380,1309,1322]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkloids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850B75FAECFF55FAC9" author="Wang, F. P. & Chen, Q. H." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 577" refId="ref11937" refString="Wang, F. P., Chen, Q. H., 2010. The C 19 - diterpenoid alkaloids. Alkaloids - Chem. Biol. 69 1 - 577, xi." type="journal article" year="2010">Wang and Chen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Whereas species that exhibit more C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF8508D1FAC0FDCBFACB" attach="left" box="[504,522,1337,1350]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids may be regarded as more primitive, species with a major chemical composition based on C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850821FA88FEDBFAF3" attach="left" box="[264,282,1393,1406]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids may be more evolved (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BE5FA90FF3CFA1A" author="Wang, F. P. & Chen, Q. H." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 577" refId="ref11937" refString="Wang, F. P., Chen, Q. H., 2010. The C 19 - diterpenoid alkaloids. Alkaloids - Chem. Biol. 69 1 - 577, xi." type="journal article" year="2010">Wang and Chen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Such occurrence of C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF8508F6FA74FE30FA17" attach="left" box="[479,497,1421,1434]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids in ancient species is supported by the fact that C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850B32FA50FDECFA3B" attach="left" box="[539,557,1449,1462]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids display much simpler backbone structures and are considered as biogenetic precursors of C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF850863FA19FE9DFA60" attach="left" box="[330,348,1504,1517]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18</subScript>
|
||
and C
|
||
<subScript id="17AE34EFFFE5FF85088BFA19FE75FA60" attach="left" box="[418,436,1504,1517]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</subScript>
|
||
diterpenoid alkaloids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B5BFFE5FF850BB7FA21FF10F98A" author="Wang, F. P. & Chen, Q. H." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 577" refId="ref11937" refString="Wang, F. P., Chen, Q. H., 2010. The C 19 - diterpenoid alkaloids. Alkaloids - Chem. Biol. 69 1 - 577, xi." type="journal article" year="2010">Wang and Chen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF556622FFE6FF86094DF883FF68F833" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10484073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10484073" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10484073/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[100,130,1914,1931]" targetBox="[245,1342,1472,1891]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE6FF86094DF883FF68F833" blockId="5.[100,1487,1914,1982]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF86094DF883FF5DF806" bold="true" box="[100,156,1914,1931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
PCA score plot for first and second components (PC 1 and PC 2) showing a clear separation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860ACEF883FB98F806" box="[999,1113,1914,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860ACEF883FB98F806" bold="true" box="[999,1113,1914,1931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860DABF883FB18F806" box="[1154,1241,1914,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860DABF883FB18F806" bold="true" box="[1154,1241,1914,1931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
alkaloid profiles (A). PLS-DA score plot for first and second latent variables (LV 1 and LV 2) seeking to sharpen the discrimination between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE6FF860D2FF86DFB5BF828" box="[1030,1178,1940,1957]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE6FF860D2FF86DFB92F828" bold="true" box="[1030,1107,1940,1957]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ellipsoids represent 95% confidence ellipses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF556622FFE5FF85094DFF58FBAEFF68" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[100,150,161,178]" targetBox="[116,1471,251,517]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF85094DFF58FBAEFF68" blockId="6.[100,1487,161,229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85094DFF58FF69FF3F" bold="true" box="[100,168,161,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</emphasis>
|
||
Alkaloid-like metabolites highlighted by means of PLS-DA (Fig. 3B) and representative of either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850AA3FF43FC3DFF46" box="[906,1020,186,203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850AA3FF43FC3DFF46" bold="true" box="[906,1020,186,203]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850D3EFF43FBAEFF46" box="[1047,1135,186,203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850D3EFF43FBAEFF46" bold="true" box="[1047,1135,186,203]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were tentatively identified using the DNP database. Elemental compositions, mass-to-charge ratios (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850B7BFF2DFDB2FF68" bold="true" box="[594,627,212,229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">m/z</emphasis>
|
||
) and retention times (Rt) are provided for the 10 markers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF85095DFF05FACCFD89" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<table id="F92AC40AFFE5007C095DFF02FA7EFD88" box="[116,1471,251,517]" gridcols="6" gridrows="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFF02FA7EFE87" box="[116,1471,251,266]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFF02FEF7FE87" box="[116,310,251,266]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LV 1 loading (VIP scores)</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFF02FE25FE87" box="[358,484,251,266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFF02FE25FE87" box="[358,484,251,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFF02FE6BFE87" bold="true" box="[358,426,251,266]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFF02FDBEFE87" box="[531,639,251,266]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Measured
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850B4BFF02FDBEFE87" bold="true" box="[610,639,251,266]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">m/z</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FF02FD2FFE87" box="[686,750,251,266]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rt (min)</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FF02FC52FE87" box="[798,915,251,266]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MarkerLynx EC</th>
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFF02FA7EFE87" box="[962,1471,251,266]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tentative assignment or number of isomers reported</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFEDEFA7EFEB5" box="[116,1471,295,312]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFEDEFEF7FEB5" box="[116,310,295,312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.0895 (1.67)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFEDEFE25FEB5" box="[358,484,295,312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFEDEFE0DFEBB" box="[358,460,295,310]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFEDEFE0DFEBB" bold="true" box="[358,460,295,310]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFEDEFDBEFEB5" box="[531,639,295,312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">669.3373</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FEDEFD2FFEB5" box="[686,750,295,312]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3.57</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FEDEFC52FEB5" box="[798,915,295,312]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C36H48N2O10</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFEDEFA7EFEB5" box="[962,1471,295,312]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Lycaconitine (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DA1FEDEFAE3FEBB" box="[1160,1314,295,310]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DA1FEDEFAE3FEBB" bold="true" box="[1160,1314,295,310]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFEC7FA7EFEC2" box="[116,1471,318,335]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFEC7FEF7FEC2" box="[116,310,318,335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.0853 (1.59)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFEC7FE25FEC2" box="[358,484,318,335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFEC7FE0DFEC0" box="[358,460,318,333]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFEC7FE0DFEC0" bold="true" box="[358,460,318,333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFEC7FDBEFEC2" box="[531,639,318,335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">697.3319</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FEC7FD2FFEC2" box="[686,750,318,335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3.76</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FEC7FC52FEC2" box="[798,915,318,335]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C37H48N2O11</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFEC7FA7EFEC2" box="[962,1471,318,335]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Potanidine B (lycoctonine derivative reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850C1EFEC7FA49FEC0" box="[1335,1416,318,333]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850C1EFEC7FA49FEC0" bold="true" box="[1335,1416,318,333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFEACFA7EFEEB" box="[116,1471,341,358]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFEACFEF7FEEB" box="[116,310,341,358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.0840 (1.57)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFEACFE25FEEB" box="[358,484,341,358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFEACFE0DFEE9" box="[358,460,341,356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFEACFE0DFEE9" bold="true" box="[358,460,341,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFEACFDBEFEEB" box="[531,639,341,358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">400.2489</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FEACFD2FFEEB" box="[686,750,341,358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.31</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FEACFC52FEEB" box="[798,915,341,358]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C24H33NO4</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFEACFA7EFEEB" box="[962,1471,341,358]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Alkaloid-1AL (6 isomers reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DF0FEACFADCFEE9" box="[1241,1309,341,356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DF0FEACFADCFEE9" bold="true" box="[1241,1309,341,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE95FA7EFEF1" box="[116,1471,364,380]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE95FEF7FEF1" box="[116,310,364,380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.0823 (1.55)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE95FE25FEF1" box="[358,484,364,380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE95FE0DFEF6" box="[358,460,364,379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE95FE0DFEF6" bold="true" box="[358,460,364,379]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE95FDBEFEF1" box="[531,639,364,380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">416.2442</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE95FD2FFEF1" box="[686,750,364,380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.35</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE95FC52FEF1" box="[798,915,364,380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C24H33NO5</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE95FA7EFEF1" box="[962,1471,364,380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Hetisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850C07FE95FABEFEF6" box="[1326,1407,364,379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850C07FE95FABEFEF6" bold="true" box="[1326,1407,364,379]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE7AFA7EFE1E" box="[116,1471,387,403]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE7AFEF7FE1E" box="[116,310,387,403]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.0800 (1.51)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE7AFE25FE1E" box="[358,484,387,403]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE7AFE0DFE1F" box="[358,460,387,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE7AFE0DFE1F" bold="true" box="[358,460,387,402]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE7AFDBEFE1E" box="[531,639,387,403]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">430.2597</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE7AFD2FFE1E" box="[686,750,387,403]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.85</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE7AFC52FE1E" box="[798,915,387,403]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C25H35NO5</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE7AFA7EFE1E" box="[962,1471,387,403]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Yuzurimine A or E (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850D9FFE7AFAE3FE1F" box="[1206,1314,387,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Daphniphyllaceae" genus="Daphniphyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850D9FFE7AFAE3FE1F" bold="true" box="[1206,1314,387,402]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Daphniphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE60FA7EFE27" box="[116,1471,409,426]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE60FEF7FE27" box="[116,310,409,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">−0.0984 (1.85)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE60FE25FE27" box="[358,484,409,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE60FE74FE25" box="[358,437,409,424]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE60FE74FE25" bold="true" box="[358,437,409,424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE60FDBEFE27" box="[531,639,409,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">464.2653</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE60FD2FFE27" box="[686,750,409,426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.40</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE60FC52FE27" box="[798,915,409,426]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C25H37NO7</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE60FA7EFE27" box="[962,1471,409,426]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Anthriscifoldine A (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850D9BFE60FAC2FE25" box="[1202,1283,409,424]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Delphinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850D9BFE60FAC2FE25" bold="true" box="[1202,1283,409,424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Delphinium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE49FA7EFE4C" box="[116,1471,432,449]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE49FEF7FE4C" box="[116,310,432,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">−0.0976 (1.83)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE49FE25FE4C" box="[358,484,432,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE49FE74FE32" box="[358,437,432,447]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE49FE74FE32" bold="true" box="[358,437,432,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE49FDBEFE4C" box="[531,639,432,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">450.2860</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE49FD2FFE4C" box="[686,750,432,449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.17</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE49FC52FE4C" box="[798,915,432,449]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C25H39NO6</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE49FA7EFE4C" box="[962,1471,432,449]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
14-
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850AF3FE49FC27FE32" bold="true" box="[986,998,432,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O</emphasis>
|
||
-Acetylgenicunine B (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DCDFE49FABDFE32" box="[1252,1404,432,447]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variegatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DCDFE49FABDFE32" bold="true" box="[1252,1404,432,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum variegatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE3EFA7EFE55" box="[116,1471,455,472]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE3EFEF7FE55" box="[116,310,455,472]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">−0.0976 (1.83)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE3EFE25FE55" box="[358,484,455,472]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE3EFE74FE5B" box="[358,437,455,470]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE3EFE74FE5B" bold="true" box="[358,437,455,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE3EFDBEFE55" box="[531,639,455,472]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">480.2959</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE3EFD2FFE55" box="[686,750,455,472]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.52</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE3EFC52FE55" box="[798,915,455,472]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C26H41NO7</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE3EFA7EFE55" box="[962,1471,455,472]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Bullatine C (reported in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850D55FE3EFAC6FE5B" bold="true" box="[1148,1287,455,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850D55FE3EFAC0FE5B" box="[1148,1281,455,470]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">Aconitum napellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE27FA7EFE62" box="[116,1471,478,495]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE27FEF7FE62" box="[116,310,478,495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">−0.0929 (1.73)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE27FE25FE62" box="[358,484,478,495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE27FE74FE60" box="[358,437,478,493]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE27FE74FE60" bold="true" box="[358,437,478,493]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE27FDBEFE62" box="[531,639,478,495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">436.2703</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE27FD2FFE62" box="[686,750,478,495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.72</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE27FC52FE62" box="[798,915,478,495]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C24H37NO6</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE27FA7EFE62" box="[962,1471,478,495]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Alkaloid-1AN (5 isomers reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DF5FE27FAE1FE60" box="[1244,1312,478,493]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DF5FE27FAE1FE60" bold="true" box="[1244,1312,478,493]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351A34E8FFE5007C095DFE0CFA7EFD88" box="[116,1471,501,517]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="76CB5D94FFE5007C095DFE0CFEF7FD88" box="[116,310,501,517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">−0.0924 (1.72)</th>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C084FFE0CFE25FD88" box="[358,484,501,517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF85084FFE0CFE74FD89" box="[358,437,501,516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85084FFE0CFE74FD89" bold="true" box="[358,437,501,516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B3AFE0CFDBEFD88" box="[531,639,501,517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">358.2390</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0B87FE0CFD2FFD88" box="[686,750,501,517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.80</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0A37FE0CFC52FD88" box="[798,915,501,517]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C22H31NO3</td>
|
||
<td id="76CB5D94FFE5007C0AEBFE0CFA7EFD88" box="[962,1471,501,517]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Napellonine (reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DAAFE0CFAC6FD89" box="[1155,1287,501,516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DAAFE0CFAC6FD89" bold="true" box="[1155,1287,501,516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum napellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306521FFE5FF85094DF9B1FEF5F848" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF85094DF9B1FF33F9D6" blockId="6.[100,242,1608,1627]" box="[100,242,1608,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="D0DD81C6FFE5FF85094DF9B1FF33F9D6" bold="true" box="[100,242,1608,1627]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF85094DF9B1FF33F9D6" bold="true" box="[100,242,1608,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3. Conclusion</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF8509ACF979FEF5F848" blockId="6.[100,770,1663,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The presented approach constitutes an efficient and applicable tool for profiling alkaloids in plant samples. By carefully optimizing the various parameters that are essential to correct EC assignment and by automating the process, numerous alkaloid candidates can be identified within a very short time (less than 30 min for a batch of ca. 500 features). The most promising molecules may then be further confirmed by MS/MS acquisition and comparison with existing databases. Such efficient analytical workflow is the basis of the modern approach of chemotaxonomy and might prove highly useful in the search for known and previously undescribed alkaloids from medicinal plants as well as to identify reliable marker compounds during exposure to toxic species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850999F84BFEF5F848" box="[176,308,1970,1989]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850999F84BFEC4F848" bold="true" box="[176,261,1970,1989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306521FFE5FF850A1BFDB9FA55FC2C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF850A1BFDB9FC16FDDE" blockId="6.[818,983,576,595]" box="[818,983,576,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="D0DD81C6FFE5FF850A1BFDB9FC16FDDE" bold="true" box="[818,983,576,595]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850A1BFDB9FC16FDDE" bold="true" box="[818,983,576,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4. Experimental</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF850A1BFD8EFC1FFD07" blockId="6.[818,990,631,650]" box="[818,990,631,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850A1BFD8EFC1FFD07" bold="true" box="[818,990,631,650]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4.1. Plant material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536AAFFE5FF850A7AFD56FA55FC2C" blockId="6.[818,1488,687,929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B423CF7FFE5FF850A7AFD56FC14FC9B" collectingDate="2013-08" country="Switzerland" elevation="1370" latitude="46.63934" location="Gastereholz" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="7.67072" municipality="Kandersteg" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3">
|
||
Plants were sampled in
|
||
<date id="FF94106AFFE5FF850D07FD56FB64FD4F" box="[1070,1189,687,706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2013-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD0E982FFE5FF850D07FD56FB64FD4F" box="[1070,1189,687,706]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2013-08">
|
||
August
|
||
<quantity id="4CD29B4FFFE5FF850D5CFD56FB64FD4F" box="[1141,1189,687,706]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11302" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="2013.0">2013</quantity>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D763AFFE5FF850DE8FD56FAF1FD4F" box="[1217,1328,687,706]" name="Switzerland" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
in two localities:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF1ACD0FFE5FF850A1BFD32FC5BFD53" box="[818,922,715,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kandersteg</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(place called
|
||
<location id="8EF56071FFE5FF850D04FD32FB5FFD53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C:8EF56071FFE5FF850D04FD32FB5FFD53" box="[1069,1182,715,734]" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.63934" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="7.67072" municipality="Kandersteg" name="Gastereholz" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gastereholz</location>
|
||
, GPS coordinates:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1E506DFFE5FF850C75FD32FA0DFD53" box="[1372,1484,715,734]" degrees="46.45912" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="46.45912">46.45912 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1E506DFFE5FF850A1BFD1EFC52FD77" box="[818,915,743,762]" degrees="7.67072" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="7.67072">7.67072 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; elevation:
|
||
<quantity id="4CD29B4FFFE5FF850D0DFD1EFBBCFD77" box="[1060,1149,743,762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3695" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1369.5">
|
||
<elevation id="0007D199FFE5FF850D0DFD1EFBBCFD77" box="[1060,1149,743,762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3695" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1369.5">1369.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850DF8FD1EFA11FD77" authority="L." authorityName="L." box="[1233,1488,743,762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycoctonum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850DF8FD1EFA65FD77" bold="true" box="[1233,1444,743,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum lycoctonum</emphasis>
|
||
L.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850A11FCFAFC0AFC9B" box="[824,971,771,790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B423CF7FFE5FF850AF2FCFAFA55FC2C" collectingDate="2013-08" country="Switzerland" elevation="1370" latitude="46.63934" location="Gastereholz" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="7.38029" municipality="Kandersteg" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3">
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="8EF56071FFE5FF850D2DFCFAFB93FC9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C:8EF56071FFE5FF850D2DFCFAFB93FC9B" box="[1028,1106,771,790]" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.63934" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="7.67072" municipality="Kandersteg" name="Boltigen" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Boltigen</location>
|
||
(place called
|
||
<location id="8EF56071FFE5FF850DFDFCFAFAE6FC9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387BCFFE7FF850A1BFC1DFA55FC2C:8EF56071FFE5FF850DFDFCFAFAE6FC9B" box="[1236,1319,771,790]" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.63934" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="7.67072" municipality="Kandersteg" name="Ramsere" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ramsere</location>
|
||
, GPS coordinates:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1E506DFFE5FF850A1BFCE6FC60FCBF" box="[818,929,799,818]" degrees="46.63934" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="46.63934">46.63934 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1E506DFFE5FF850A87FCE6FBCEFCBF" box="[942,1039,799,818]" degrees="7.38029" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="7.38029">7.38029 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; elevation:
|
||
<quantity id="4CD29B4FFFE5FF850DA8FCE6FB1BFCBF" box="[1153,1242,799,818]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3382999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1338.3">
|
||
<elevation id="0007D199FFE5FF850DA8FCE6FB1BFCBF" box="[1153,1242,799,818]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3382999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1338.3">1338.3 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850C27FCE6FA11FCBF" authority="L." authorityName="L." box="[1294,1488,799,818]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Aconitum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAB8FFE5FF850C27FCE6FA75FCBF" bold="true" box="[1294,1460,799,818]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aconitum napellus</emphasis>
|
||
L.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D29FFE5FF850A11FCC2FC0DFCC3" box="[824,972,827,846]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Leaves and perianths were sampled from single specimens (n =
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2CFD23FFE5FF850A82FCAEFC76FCE7" box="[939,951,855,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</specimenCount>
|
||
per species). Pollen was collected on several flowers and pooled to obtain sufficient amounts for analyses. Plant samples were stored at −80 ̊C until extraction and chromatographic analysis.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |