treatments-xml/data/03/83/87/038387B337DEB990FF2D54F2FDAC0ADB.xml

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<mods:title id="E4733C96EC9C582FA7C59653BB781912">Slime-Mold Beetles Of The Genus Agathidium Panzer In North And Central America, Part Ii. Coleoptera: Leiodidae</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FF2D54F2FD910A58" blockId="147.[178,595,688,770]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637DEB997FF2D54F2FEB20BBF" ID-CoL="662S9" authority="Miller and Wheeler" authorityName="Miller and Wheeler" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimbosilva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FF2D54F2FE1E0B92" bold="true" box="[178,461,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Agathidium nimbosilva</emphasis>
Miller and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26D57CC37DEB997FEF0548CFE2E0BBF" box="[367,509,718,741]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="13112A2037DEB997FF5B54A9FE800A58" box="[196,339,747,770]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="71.[149,197,925,946]" captionTargetBox="[123,651,187,904]" captionTargetId="figure-16@71.[123,651,187,904]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figs. 106–112. Agathidium oniscoides­group species, heads, left lateral aspect: 106, A. vaderi. 107, A. kimberlae. 108, A. oculeum. 109, A. stenomma. 110, A. microphthalmum. 111, A. nimbosilva. 112, A. chauliodoum. Bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5362131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5362131/files/figure.png" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Figures 111</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13112A2037DEB997FEFD54A9FE430A58" box="[354,400,747,770]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="74.[150,198,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[180,1171,187,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-13@74.[180,1172,187,1569]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Figs. 145–172. Agathidium oniscoides­group species, left male metafemur, ventral aspect: 145, A. oculeum. 146, A. recurvatum. 147, A. impensum. 148, A. cheneyi. 149, A. tenangoense. 150, A. rumsfeldi. 151, A. hirsutum. 152, A. cortezi. 153, A. tumidiventre. 154, A. aztec. 155, A. iridescens. 156, A. dentigerum. 157, A. stephani. 158, A. akrogeneios. 159, A. appalachium. 160, A. pocahontasae. 161, A. carolinense. 162, A. gallititillo. 163, A. divaricatum. 164, A. bushi. 165, A. georgiaense. 166, A. chauliodoum. 167, A. microphthalmum. 168, A. nimbosilva. 169, A. oniscoides. 170, A. rubellum. 171, A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5362155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5362155/files/figure.png" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">168</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13112A2037DEB997FE0054A9FDD40A58" box="[415,519,747,770]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="85.[149,197,1404,1425]" captionTargetBox="[204,1151,187,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-14@85.[199,1151,187,1383]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="Figs. 329–356. Agathidium oniscoides­group species, aedeagus: 329–313, A. bushi: 329, ventral; 330, median lobe, lateral; 331, left lateral lobe, lateral. 332–334, A. georgiaense: 332, ventral; 333, median lobe, lateral; 334, left lateral lobe, lateral. 335–337, A. chauliodoum: 335, ventral; 336, median lobe, lateral; 337, left lateral lobe, lateral. 338–340, A. microphthalmum: 338, ventral; 339, median lobe, lateral; 340, left lateral lobe, lateral. 341–343, A. nimbosilva: 341, ventral; 342, median lobe, lateral; 343, left lateral lobe, lateral. 344–347, A. oniscoides: 344, ventral; 345, apex of median lobe, ventral, specimen from Macon City, NC; 346, median lobe, lateral; 347, left lateral lobe, lateral. 348–350, A. rubellum: 348, ventral; 349, median lobe, lateral; 350, left lateral lobe, lateral. 351–353, A. exiguum: 351, ventral; 352, median lobe, lateral; 353, left lateral lobe, lateral. 354–356, A. fawcettae: 354, ventral; 355, median lobe, lateral; 356, left lateral lobe, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5362168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5362168/files/figure.png" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">341–343</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13112A2037DEB997FD8954A9FD910A58" box="[534,578,747,770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="145.[149,187,913,934]" captionTargetBox="[169,1180,187,892]" captionTargetId="figure-16@145.[169,1180,187,892]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="Fig. 376. Geographic distribution of Agathidium oniscoides­group species: A. chauliodoum = -; A. microphthalmum = •; A. nimbosilva = *." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5362191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5362191/files/figure.png" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">376</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37DEB997FF07555DFE920D1B" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FF07555DFED90D5F" blockId="147.[123,652,799,1741]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
<materialsCitation id="3B423CF837DEB997FF07555DFED90D5F" collectingDate="1991-05-23" collectionCode="CMNC, R" country="Guatemala" elevation="1600" location="Anderson" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja Verapaz" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE MATERIAL: 
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, Ƌ in 
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labeled ‘‘ 
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: 
<collectingRegion id="49EEF84737DEB997FE31557FFD540A0E" box="[430,647,829,852]" country="Guatemala" name="Baja Verapaz" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">BAJA VERAPAZ</collectingRegion>
: 
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<quantity id="4CD29B4037DEB997FFE45518FF6F0A2B" box="[123,188,858,881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
E Purulha. Elev.
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<quantity id="4CD29B4037DEB997FE3C5518FDD70A2B" box="[419,516,858,881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="0007D19637DEB997FE3C5518FDD70A2B" box="[419,516,858,881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
. cloud for. litter. 
<collectionCode id="ED3BAE6037DEB997FF56553AFF330AD5" box="[201,224,888,911]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">R</collectionCode>
. 
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91­15 
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<collectingDate id="EFD0E98D37DEB997FE4D553AFD9E0AD5" box="[466,589,888,911]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" value="1991-05-23">23­V­1991</collectingDate>
</date>
/HO­ LOTYPE 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637DEB997FF6B55D4FEF60A90" authority="Miller and Wheeler, 2003" authorityName="Miller and Wheeler" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimbosilva">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FF6B55D4FDD50AF7" box="[244,518,918,941]" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Agathidium nimbosilva</emphasis>
Miller and Wheeler, 2003
</taxonomicName>
[red label with black line bor­ der]’’. Only a single specimen is known of this species.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<collectionCode id="ED3BAE6037DEB997FF07524EFE990D78" box="[152,330,1036,1059]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
<typeStatus id="5491880737DEB997FF07524EFF020D78" box="[152,209,1036,1059]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY
</collectionCode>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F33D763537DEB997FEC4524EFE0F0D79" box="[347,476,1036,1059]" name="Guatemala" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EEF84737DEB997FE77524EFD5B0D79" box="[488,648,1036,1059]" country="Guatemala" name="Baja Verapaz" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Baja Verapaz</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="4CD29B4037DEB997FFE45268FF6B0D1B" box="[123,184,1066,1089]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
E Purulha.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37DEB997FF075205FEA60F40" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FF075205FEA60F40" blockId="147.[123,652,799,1741]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
DIAGNOSIS: Males of this species may be distinguished from most species by the strongly reduced eyes consisting of minute, slightly elongate triangles (fig. 111), a small but distinct and sharp metafemoral tooth (fig. 168), and distinctive male genitalia with the median lobe moderately robust and with the apex slender and approximately straight (fig. 342). The species is most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637DEB997FDB85376FF320C33" authorityName="Miller and Wheeler" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chauliodoum">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FDB85376FF320C33" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">A. chauliodoum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637DEB997FEAC5310FDE60C33" authorityName="Miller and Wheeler" authorityYear="2003" box="[307,565,1362,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microphthalmum">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FEAC5310FDE60C33" box="[307,565,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">A. microphthalmum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it may be distinguished by smaller eyes, less laterally expanded male probasotarsomeres (both to distinguish it from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637DEB997FDED53E9FEC00C85" authorityName="Miller and Wheeler" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chauliodoum">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FDED53E9FEC00C85" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">A. chauliodoum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a smaller metafemoral tooth and differences in the shape of the median lobe (figs. 341, 342).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37DEB997FF075063FC0B0FCB" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FF075063FE040F2E" blockId="147.[123,652,799,1741]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
DESCRIPTION: Body small (TBL = 
<quantity id="4CD29B4037DEB997FDC75063FF7F0F0C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="2.16">2.16 mm</quantity>
), broad, robust (PNW/TBL = 0.49), rounded, strongly contractile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FF075039FC9A09AC" blockId="147.[123,652,799,1741]" lastBlockId="147.[699,1228,193,1742]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Head dark red­brown; pronotum dark redbrown medially, red along margins; elytra dark red­brown medially, red along margins, not iridescent; venter, antennae, palpi, and legs yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FD4756BFFD230D46" blockId="147.[699,1228,193,1742]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Head broad (MDL/OHW = 0.55), dorsal surface flattened, dorsoventrally compressed; with very fine punctures, each with a short, very fine seta, surface between punctures shiny, very lightly microreticulate; frontoclypeal suture obsolete medially; eyes strongly reduced to small triangles, only a few facets present (fig. 111); gula flattened, not modified; antennomere ratios: length I:II:III = 1.2:1.0:1.7, width VII:VIII:IX = 1.0:1.0:2.2. Pronotum very large, broad (PNL/PNW = 0.74), strongly convex, anterolateral lobes strongly produced, lateral margin broadly curved, not angulate; with fine, sparse punctures, each with a short, very fine seta, surface between punctures shiny, smooth. Elytra broad, lateral margins strongly rounded, apically rounded (SEL/ELW = 0.98); punctation and surface similar to pronotum; sutural stria absent. Flight wings strongly reduced. Mesosternum moderately broad, not declivitous; medial carina well developed. Metasternum narrow (MTL/MTW = 0.12), flat medially, distinctly dorsally sloped anteriorly; oblique femoral carinae well developed, meeting medially in low, but prominent carina.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FD475261FCE20F29" blockId="147.[699,1228,193,1742]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Male tarsi 5­5­4; pro­ and mesobasotarsomeres not strongly laterally expanded, equally so and with a moderate field of ventral spatulate setae; mandibles not modified; metafemur moderately broad, with very large, flat, triangular tooth subapically on posterior margin (fig. 168); metasternal fovea moderately large, transversely oval with dense brush of long fine setae. Median lobe in lateral aspect moderately short, stout, strongly curved basally, straight in medial portion apically flexed dorsad, apical portion slender, straight, apex slender and pointed (fig. 342); in ventral aspect parallel­sided for most of length, apex evenly tapered to narrowly rounded apex (fig. 341); operculum broad, flat, apically broadly rounded (fig. 341); lateral lobes long, slender, strongly curved basally, apically with 2 stout setae (fig. 343).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB997FD475038FC0B0FCB" blockId="147.[699,1228,193,1742]" box="[728,984,1658,1681]" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Female not observed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37DEB990FD4750DAFE0B09AF" lastPageId="148" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537DEB990FD4750DAFE0B09AF" blockId="147.[699,1228,193,1742]" lastBlockId="148.[124,653,193,392]" lastPageId="148" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
ETYMOLOGY: Named from the Latin words 
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FD2450F5FCC50F94" box="[699,790,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">nimbus,</emphasis>
meaning ‘‘rain cloud’’, and 
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737DEB997FB1250F5FB1F0F94" box="[1165,1228,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">silva,</emphasis>
meaning ‘‘forest’’, for the habitat where the 
<typeStatus id="5491880737D9B990FFE3569CFF7D09AF" box="[124,174,222,245]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">type</typeStatus>
specimen was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37D9B990FF0656BEFE990817" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537D9B990FF0656BEFE990817" blockId="148.[124,653,193,392]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
DISTRIBUTION: This species is known only from the 
<typeStatus id="5491880737D9B990FF74575BFECE086A" box="[235,285,281,304]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">type</typeStatus>
locality in 
<collectingRegion id="49EEF84737D9B990FE39575BFD94086A" box="[422,583,281,304]" country="Guatemala" name="Baja Verapaz" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Baja Verapaz</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33D763537D9B990FDCD575BFF1A0817" name="Guatemala" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
(fig. 376).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37D9B990FF065716FEE50A13" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537D9B990FF065716FDB508D2" blockId="148.[124,653,193,392]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
DISCUSSION: The 
<typeStatus id="5491880737D9B990FEF35716FE4D0831" box="[364,414,340,363]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">type</typeStatus>
specimen was collected from cloud forest litter at 
<quantity id="4CD29B4037D9B990FD9B5733FDB108D2" box="[516,610,369,392]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536A537D9B990FF5E57EBFEE50A13" blockId="148.[124,654,425,841]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FF5E57EBFD9B089A" authority="Subgroup" authorityName="Subgroup" box="[193,584,425,448]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oniscoides">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FF5E57EBFE1E089A" box="[193,461,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Agathidium oniscoides</emphasis>
Subgroup
</taxonomicName>
DISCUSSION: These species are not characterized by any particularly discrete characters, but share a general similarity in body form and aedeagal shape. There are two species pairs in this group. One of these is 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FDEC540AFF240B26" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oniscoides">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FDEC540AFF240B26" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A. oniscoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FED65427FE330B26" authorityName="Fall" authorityYear="1934" box="[329,480,613,636]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubellum">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FED65427FE330B26" box="[329,480,613,636]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A. rubellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have nearly identical male genitalia and relatively short elytral sutures. The other two are 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FDEC54E2FF380B8E" authorityName="MILLER &amp; WHEELER" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fawcettae">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FDEC54E2FF380B8E" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A. fawcettae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FEB954FFFE7A0B8E" authorityName="Melsheimer" authorityYear="1844" box="[294,425,701,724]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exiguum">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FEB954FFFE7A0B8E" box="[294,425,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A. exiguum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have dorsal microreticulation, relatively long elytral sutures and somewhat similar genitalia. These are some of the most common species in North America.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330652E37D9B990FFE05529FDAC0ADB" box="[127,639,874,898]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9536A537D9B990FFE05529FDAC0ADB" blockId="148.[124,653,874,1741]" box="[127,639,874,898]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D2637D9B990FFE05529FDAC0ADB" authority="Palisot de Beauvois" authorityName="Palisot de Beauvois" authorityYear="1817" box="[127,639,874,898]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agathidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oniscoides">
<emphasis id="B95EEAB737D9B990FFE05529FE5F0AD8" box="[127,396,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Agathidium oniscoides</emphasis>
Palisot de Beauvois
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>