173 lines
22 KiB
XML
173 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="B7C583CE8B0B1338CF0CA9D1AED4B040" ID-CLB-Dataset="39212" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4059.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2e3fe8ec-8bad-4fec-8cfd-88187cdb1062" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242430" ID-ZooBank="A5EB4A18-8386-41EB-99F5-115F24E7165C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461364488299" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Decae, Arthur, Pantini, Paolo & Isaia, Marco" docDate="2015" docId="038387A1FFB5FE73D18AFBCEFD92095C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04059p540.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4059 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nemesia apenninica" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="527" masterDocId="FFBAFFD9FFB7FE70D11DFFAAFFCC081C" masterDocTitle="A new species-complex within the trapdoor spider genus Nemesia Audouin 1826 distributed in northern and central Italy, with descriptions of three new species (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Nemesiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="525" pageNumber="527" updateTime="1698661896032" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="55AA888C9AD1E62A5F5A43FCC4BF7AF8">A new species-complex within the trapdoor spider genus Nemesia Audouin 1826 distributed in northern and central Italy, with descriptions of three new species (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Nemesiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81685EE663789C536DDBDFED7AAFC2B2">Decae, Arthur</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B59291F6EB1FC01E296A222E0BD3F85D">Pantini, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FBC171F29DA58D8A11AA22297AE05829">Isaia, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="16C09A7428E696120799524CE06A0A2A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038387A1FFB5FE73D18AFBCEFD92095C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6102810" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119648950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6102810" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387A1FFB5FE73D18AFBCEFD92095C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387A1FFB5FE73D18AFBCEFD92095C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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<subSubSection id="C330653CFFB5FE73D18AFBCEFD92095C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9536B7FFB5FE72D18AFBCEFBC50C62" blockId="2.[151,1033,1124,1150]" box="[151,1033,1124,1150]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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<heading id="D0DD81DBFFB5FE72D18AFBCEFBC50C62" bold="true" box="[151,1033,1124,1150]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D18AFBCEFBC50C62" bold="true" box="[151,1033,1124,1150]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D1D2FBCEFE9A0C62" ID-CoL="7474K" box="[207,342,1124,1150]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D1D2FBCEFE9A0C62" bold="true" box="[207,342,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">apenninica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (new species-complex within the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D28BFBCEFC320C62" box="[918,1022,1124,1150]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D28BFBCEFC320C62" bold="true" box="[918,1022,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Nemesia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9536B7FFB5FE72D18AFB00FD270D33" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D1D6FB00FE880CDF" box="[203,324,1194,1219]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group is a newly recognized and defined phenetic group of medium-sized (Decae 2005), broadly similar looking species. Morphologically, members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D227FB64FC7F0CFB" box="[826,947,1230,1255]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group differ from those of other
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D421FB7AFA500CFB" box="[1340,1436,1232,1255]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D421FB7AFA500CFB" box="[1340,1436,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Nemesia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species groups by the absence of longitudinal ribs on the proximal embolus of the male bulb in combination with centrally twisted receptacles in female spermathecae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9536B7FFB5FE72D1DAFA90FCC70EC3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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The distribution of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D0D4FA90FD8E0D4F" box="[457,578,1338,1363]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group (
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D387FA90FD100D4F" box="[666,732,1338,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1642,1664]" captionTargetBox="[296,1293,472,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[283,1304,463,1630]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Collection sites of Nemesia species included in apenninica group. N. apenninica n. sp. (red dots), Nemesia hastensis n. sp. (blue dots), and N. pedemontana n. sp. (yellow dots). Note distributional segregation between N. hastensis and N. apenninica and the relatively wide and overlapping distribution of N. pedemontana. Apparent gaps in distribution ranges of N. apenninica and N. pedemontana are result of incomplete sampling." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242438/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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) is limited in the north and north-west by the Alpine mountain ranges. In the east by the Adriatic Sea and the Po Delta. In southern
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<collectingCountry id="F33D7627FFB5FE72D2DCFAF4FC380D6B" box="[961,1012,1374,1399]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Italy</collectingCountry>
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the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D536FAF4FB680D6B" box="[1067,1188,1374,1399]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group is replaced by another phenetically defined
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D0F4FA2EFD860D87" box="[489,586,1412,1435]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D0F4FA2EFD860D87" box="[489,586,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Nemesia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species-complex that might informally be referred to as the maculatipes group (based on
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D049FA02FD6C0DA3" authority="Ausserer, 1871" authorityName="Ausserer" authorityYear="1871" box="[340,672,1446,1471]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macultipes">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D049FA02FE220DA3" box="[340,494,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">N. macultipes</emphasis>
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Ausserer, 1871
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</taxonomicName>
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) on grounds of the conspicuous dark pigmented blotches (maculae) found on legs and/or PLS of its member species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B46FFB5FE72D3A2FA61FC120DFF" author="Decae" box="[703,990,1482,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" refString="Decae, A. E. & Di Franco, F. (2005) Nemesia sanzoi Fage, 1917 (Araneae, Nemesiidae): first description of the male and some additional information on the female, distribution and biology of the species. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 13 (4) 133 - 137." type="journal article" year="2005">Decae & Di Franco 2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B46FFB5FE72D2F4FA60FB000DFF" author="Isaia" box="[1001,1228,1482,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" refString="Isaia, M. & Decae, A. E. (2012) Revalidation of Nemesia meridionalis Costa, 1835 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Nemesiidae), and first description of the male. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 15, 280 - 284." type="journal article" year="2012">Isaia & Decae 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). Males of the two groups differ in the morphology of the embolus, with fine ribs (proximal) and a flexible filamentous tip (distal) in the maculatipes group versus a smooth embolus (proximal) and stiff sclerotized tip (distal) in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D5C9F9B8FA810E37" box="[1236,1357,1554,1579]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group. Females of the two groups differ in the presence or absence of maculae. In central
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<collectingCountry id="F33D7627FFB5FE72D55EF99CFBBA0E53" box="[1091,1142,1590,1615]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Italy</collectingCountry>
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the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D5B4F99CFAEE0E53" box="[1193,1314,1590,1615]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group and the maculatipes group widely overlap. In Liguria (coastal north-western
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<collectingCountry id="F33D7627FFB5FE72D2C4F9F0FBC20E6F" box="[985,1038,1626,1651]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Italy</collectingCountry>
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) the distribution of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D43EF9F0FA500E6F" box="[1315,1436,1626,1651]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group appears to be limited to the eastern part of the region (Levante). In western Liguria (Ponente) the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D43EF9D4FA500E8B" box="[1315,1436,1662,1687]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group appears to be replaced by
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D319F90EFC5C0EA7" authority="L. Koch, 1871" authorityName="L. Koch" authorityYear="1871" box="[516,912,1698,1723]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manderstjernae">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D319F90EFD180EA7" box="[516,724,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">N. manderstjernae</emphasis>
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(L. Koch, 1871)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D2D5F90EFAD10EA7" authority="Latreille, 1818" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1818" box="[968,1309,1698,1723]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carminans">
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<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D2D5F90EFB930EA7" box="[968,1119,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">N. carminans</emphasis>
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(Latreille, 1818)
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</taxonomicName>
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, belonging to two very different Franco-Iberian species-complexes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9536B7FFB5FE72D1DAF940FC980F8F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
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Three species (all described below) are currently recognized within the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D2F8F940FB920F1F" box="[997,1118,1770,1795]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group.
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D5A9F940FB380F1F" box="[1204,1268,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1742,1764]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,397,1702]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,373,1721]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal view of living adult female N. hastensis n. sp. (BL » 18 mm) showing general appearance of Nemesia species included in apenninica group. Note: difference in color intensity between living and preserved specimen (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242432/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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shows a living female, illustrating the general appearance of all species included in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D2D6F8A4FB880F3B" box="[971,1092,1806,1831]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
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group.
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D580F8A4FB130F3B" box="[1181,1247,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1214,1236]" captionTargetBox="[152,1422,193,1192]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1192]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. General appearance of 70 % ethanol preserved N. hastensis n. sp. of apenninica group. Left, male BL = 13.6 mm; right, female BL = 17.7 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242433/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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shows male and female specimens preserved in 70% ethanol. Although broadly similar in general appearance (
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D5C3F898FAE90F57" box="[1246,1317,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1540,1562]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,218,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,209,1494]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Broadly similar appearance of three Nemesia new species, described below, of the apenninica group: A, N. apenninica (f), CL = 5.4 mm; B, N. apenninica (m), CL = 5.3 mm; C, N. hastensis (f) CL = 5.3 mm; C, N. hastensis (m), CL = 4.7 mm; D, N. pedemontana (f), CL = 5.8 mm; E, N. pedemontana (m), CL = 4.3 mm. Variations in pigment patterns (although generally slightly darker in N. pedemontana), carapace shape seen here have only weak diagnostic value in Nemesia species level taxonomy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242434/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) the three species show distinctive differences in the morphology of the male bulb (
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D2FDF8FCFBE50F73" box="[992,1065,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1040,1062]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,345,1006]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,337,1018]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nemesia apenninica n. sp.: camera lucida drawings of right male palpal organ (A – D) and in dorsal view, female spermathecae (E). Asymmetrically shaped palpal organ shown under four rotation angles around longitudinal axis (ax). A = ventral, B = dorsal, C = retrolateral, D = prolateral, the spermathecae are drawn in ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242435/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Figs 5</figureCitation>
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A, D–7A, D) but less distinctive differences in the structures of the spermathecae (
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<figureCitation id="13112A32FFB5FE72D3DEF8D0FCC80F8F" box="[707,772,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1040,1062]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,345,1006]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,337,1018]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nemesia apenninica n. sp.: camera lucida drawings of right male palpal organ (A – D) and in dorsal view, female spermathecae (E). Asymmetrically shaped palpal organ shown under four rotation angles around longitudinal axis (ax). A = ventral, B = dorsal, C = retrolateral, D = prolateral, the spermathecae are drawn in ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242435/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
E–7E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536B7FFB5FE73D1DAF834FD92095C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">
|
||
Preliminary observations (Decae
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB5FE72D321F80AFD1D0FAB" box="[572,721,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">et al., in prep</emphasis>
|
||
.) indicate that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB5FE72D2BFF834FBD70FAB" box="[930,1051,1950,1975]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="527" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
|
||
group might be more diverse than presently perceived, with currently undescribed species occurring in Toscana and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D7627FFB5FE72D55EF868FB500FC7" box="[1091,1180,1986,2011]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="527">Corsica</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Extensive samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D18AFF33FF3408AC" box="[151,248,153,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB4FE73D18AFF33FF3408AC" box="[151,248,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="528">Nemesia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D7627FFB4FE73D0BAFF3DFE1608AC" box="[423,474,151,176]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="528">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sardinia however suggest the absence of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D508FF3DFB4208AC" box="[1045,1166,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
|
||
group in those regions. Current information indicates that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D340FF16FD1A08C9" box="[605,726,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
|
||
group comprises all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D2CBFF17FBFA08C8" box="[982,1078,189,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB4FE73D2CBFF17FBFA08C8" box="[982,1078,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="528">Nemesia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species found in the northern Apennine regions (including parts of eastern Liguria, southern Lombardia, Emilia-Romagna, Toscana and southern Piemonte). Therefore, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D0A2FEAEFDF40901" box="[447,568,260,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apenninica">apenninica</taxonomicName>
|
||
group is here regarded to be a distinct biological and biogeographical unit in the wider Mediterranean
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D34FFB4FE73D0ACFE83FDDE095C" box="[433,530,297,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Nemesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="528" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA5FFB4FE73D0ACFE83FDDE095C" box="[433,530,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="528">Nemesia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fauna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |