294 lines
30 KiB
XML
294 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1124-147" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EECD73B488D950A7B6D7969A1D3FB087" ID-ZooBank="F9A99E99C5EC4894BCF0C49F051819F3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1124-147" checkinTime="1666056863241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yang, Weicheng, Yu, Hao & Lin, Yucheng" docDate="2022" docId="72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1124: 147-160" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1124" docPubDate="2022-10-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991" docTitle="Chthonopes jaegeri Wunderlich 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="EECD73B488D950A7B6D7969A1D3FB087" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="EECD73B488D950A7B6D7969A1D3FB087" masterDocTitle="A review of the spider genus Chthonopes (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae), with descriptions of two new species from China" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="147" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1666056863241" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the spider genus Chthonopes (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae), with descriptions of two new species from China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Weicheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yu, Hao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sacspider@126.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-0633</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">linyucheng@scu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-10-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1124</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>147</mods:start>
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<mods:end>160</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1124-147</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F9A99E99C5EC4894BCF0C49F051819F3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">EECD73B488D950A7B6D7969A1D3FB087</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName LSID="72F94882-091B-5FC3-9E52-E59C52DEAE46" authority="Wunderlich, 2011" authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Chthonopes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chthonopes jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">Chthonopes jaegeri Wunderlich, 2011</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palp of Chthonopes jaegeri A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution records of five species of the genus Chthonopes: C. bifidum sp. nov. (scarlet circle: 1. China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Shenmi cave; 2. China, Yunnan Province, Dehong, Luxi City, Mangliu village, Xianfo cave); C. jimudeng sp. nov. (yellow circle: 1. China, Yunnan Province, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Town, Jimudeng village; 2. China, Yunnan Province, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Town, Maku village); C. jaegeri Wunderlich, 2011 (carmine circle: 1, 2. Laos, Bolikhansay Province ,, Lak Sao, Tham Mang Kone; 3. Laos, Khammouan Province, Thakek area, Ban Phoungam-Mai; 4. Laos, Bolikhamxay Province: Khamkeut area); C. cavernicola Wunderlich, 2011 (light blue circle: Laos, Khammouan Province, Tham Boumlou, inside cave); C. thakekensis Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014 (green circle: Laos, Khammouan Province, Thakek area, Ban Phoungam-Mai, Tham Phayat, limestone cave)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758052" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Chthonopes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chthonopes jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">Chthonopes jaegeri</taxonomicName>
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Wunderlich, 2011: 435, fig. 18a-f (♂♀).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-11-25" collectorName="S. Li" country="Laos" elevation="495" latitude="17.55" location="Ban Phoungam-Mai" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="104.81" municipality="Thakek area" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Khammouan Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Laos" name="Khammouan">Khammouan Province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality>Thakek area</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46:CD86B74A6446B5B56C59E59F406ECC59" country="Laos" latitude="17.55" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="104.81" municipality="Thakek area" name="Ban Phoungam-Mai" stateProvince="Khammouan Province">
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Ban
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Phôungam-Mai">Phoungam-Mai</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.55" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="17.55">17.55°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="104.81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="104.81">104.81°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" unit="m" value="495.0">
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elevation
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" unit="m" value="495.0">495 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2012-11-25">25.XI.2012</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>S. Li</collectorName>
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leg
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-11-27" collectorName="Z. Yao" country="Laos" elevation="495" latitude="18.22" location="Khamkeut area" longLatPrecision="765" longitude="104.81" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" stateProvince="Bolikhamxay Province">
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<specimenCount type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">Bolikhamxay Province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46:2F09FE52323FB898E868BFAF80605FE2" country="Laos" latitude="18.22" longLatPrecision="765" longitude="104.81" name="Khamkeut area" stateProvince="Bolikhamxay Province">Khamkeut area</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.22" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="18.22">18.22°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="104.81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="104.81">104.81°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" unit="m" value="495.0">
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elevation
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" unit="m" value="495.0">495 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2012-11-27">27.XI.2012</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Z. Yao</collectorName>
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leg
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-03-03" collectorName="H. Steiner" country="Laos" elevation="501" latitude="17.22" location="Lak Sao" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="104.81" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Bolikhamxay Province">
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">Bolikhamxay Province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72F94882091B5FC39E52E59C52DEAE46:ACEC3EEEC0B2E09CF4D12904AD7641C5" country="Laos" latitude="17.22" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="104.81" name="Lak Sao" stateProvince="Bolikhamxay Province">Lak Sao</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.22" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="17.22">17.22°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="104.81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="104.81">104.81° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01" unit="m" value="501.0">
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elevation
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01" unit="m" value="501.0">501 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2010-03-03">3.III.2010</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>H. Steiner</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Chthonopes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chthonopes jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Chthonopes jaegeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, male habitus (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A, B</emphasis>
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), female habitus (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C, D</emphasis>
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) and epigyne (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E-G</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">B</emphasis>
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ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">D</emphasis>
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ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E</emphasis>
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intact, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">F</emphasis>
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cleared, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">G</emphasis>
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cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars:
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A-D</emphasis>
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);
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">E, F, G</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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The male of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C. jaegeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles those of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. cavernicola" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C. cavernicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Wunderlich, 2011: 433, figs 8-18) in having a large and flat, laminar median apophysis which bears a tiny needle-shaped distal horn (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palp of Chthonopes jaegeri A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">4A-C</figureCitation>
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) (vs. median apophysis relatively small, consisting of triangular base and biforked distal horn in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. bifidum" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C. bifidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palp of the holotype of Chthonopes bifidum sp. nov. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum; TTr = tibial trichobothium. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758048" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">2C</figureCitation>
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), but differs in the combination of genitalic and somatic characters: distal apophysis of the tegulum is erect, apex relatively sharp, pointing distally (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palp of Chthonopes jaegeri A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">4C</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 435, fig. 18b) (vs. curved, apex truncated, pointing proximally;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 433, fig. 17); cymbium apically-ventrally with a pair of long and bristle-shaped hairs on a hump (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palp of Chthonopes jaegeri A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 435, fig. 18b) (vs. cymbium bearing apically four tiny hairs which are not situated on a hump;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 433, fig. 17); both anterior and posterior eye rows with 4 eyes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. anterior eye row with 6 eyes, posterior eye row with 2 eyes;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 433, figs 8-10). Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C. jaegeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. thakekensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thakekensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C. thakekensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" author="Lin, YC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="75 - 102" refId="B2" refString="Lin, YC, Li, SQ, Jaeger, P, 2014. Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos. ZooKeys 391: 75 - 102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" title="Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" volume="391" year="2014">Lin et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98, figs 17A-E, 18A-C) by the epigynal plate with a long, rugose scape, and by the similar configurations of vulva, but they can be differentiated by the circular main spermathecae separated by about 1/3 of their diameter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. semi-circular main spermathecae separated by about 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
their width;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" author="Lin, YC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="75 - 102" refId="B2" refString="Lin, YC, Li, SQ, Jaeger, P, 2014. Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos. ZooKeys 391: 75 - 102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" title="Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" volume="391" year="2014">Lin et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98, figs 17C, E, 18C), the accessory spermathecae consisting of a tubular stalk and globular head (vs. accessory spermathecae claviform, not subdivided;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" author="Lin, YC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="75 - 102" refId="B2" refString="Lin, YC, Li, SQ, Jaeger, P, 2014. Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos. ZooKeys 391: 75 - 102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" title="Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" volume="391" year="2014">Lin et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98, figs 17C, E, 18C), and by the strongly sclerotized fertilization ducts (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. membranous FDs;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" author="Lin, YC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="75 - 102" refId="B2" refString="Lin, YC, Li, SQ, Jaeger, P, 2014. Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos. ZooKeys 391: 75 - 102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" title="Four new spider species of the family Theridiosomatidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from caves in Laos." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.391.7161" volume="391" year="2014">Lin et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98, figs 17C, E, 18C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Male palp of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Chthonopes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chthonopes jaegeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Chthonopes jaegeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A</emphasis>
|
||
prolateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">B</emphasis>
|
||
retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">C</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">D</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 640" refId="B4" refString="Wunderlich, J, 2011. Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae). Beitraege zur Araneologie 6: 1 - 640" title="Extant and fossil spiders (Araneae)." volume="6" year="2011">Wunderlich (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Habitus as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">3A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
, male palp as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palp of Chthonopes jaegeri A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D dorsal view. Abbreviations: Co = conductor; CL = cymbial lobe; DA = distal apophysis on tegulum; DH = distal horn on median apophysis; ED = embolic distal end; Em = embolus; MA = median apophysis; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758050" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">4A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
, epigyne as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chthonopes jaegeri, male habitus (A, B), female habitus (C, D) and epigyne (E-G) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal view D ventral view E intact, ventral view F cleared, ventral view G cleared, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Asp = accessory spermathecae; CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; Sc = scape; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.2 mm (E, F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758049" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">3E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
|
||
Laos (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution records of five species of the genus Chthonopes: C. bifidum sp. nov. (scarlet circle: 1. China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Shenmi cave; 2. China, Yunnan Province, Dehong, Luxi City, Mangliu village, Xianfo cave); C. jimudeng sp. nov. (yellow circle: 1. China, Yunnan Province, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Town, Jimudeng village; 2. China, Yunnan Province, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Town, Maku village); C. jaegeri Wunderlich, 2011 (carmine circle: 1, 2. Laos, Bolikhansay Province ,, Lak Sao, Tham Mang Kone; 3. Laos, Khammouan Province, Thakek area, Ban Phoungam-Mai; 4. Laos, Bolikhamxay Province: Khamkeut area); C. cavernicola Wunderlich, 2011 (light blue circle: Laos, Khammouan Province, Tham Boumlou, inside cave); C. thakekensis Lin, Li & Jaeger, 2014 (green circle: Laos, Khammouan Province, Thakek area, Ban Phoungam-Mai, Tham Phayat, limestone cave)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.89991.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/758052" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |