221 lines
29 KiB
XML
221 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" ID-PMC="PMC5523356" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-683-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" ID-PubMed="28769729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1149788" ID-ZooBank="D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32" ModsDocID="1313-2970-683-51" checkinTime="1502744546974" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Anzaldo, Salvatore S." docDate="2017" docId="AE78CE6543ED5404BF3937BFC4914EAE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 683: 51-138" docOrigin="ZooKeys 683" docPubDate="2017-07-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" docTitle="Cratosomus Schoenherr 1825" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" masterDocTitle="Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1668164589837" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Anzaldo, Salvatore S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sanzaldo@asu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2017-07-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>683</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-683-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1149788</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182230638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE78CE6543ED5404BF3937BFC4914EAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE78CE6543ED5404BF3937BFC4914EAE" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName LSID="AE78CE65-43ED-5404-BF39-37BFC4914EAE" authority="Schoenherr, 1825: c. 585" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cratosomus Schoenherr, 1825: c.585</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 19–36" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures19–36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Figs 21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 37–45" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 37 - 45. Variation in eye shape. 37 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with large, subcontiguous eyes that continue below rostral insertion 38 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with relatively small, widely separated eyes 39 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000658] with widely separated eyes and the frons concave between the upper half of the eye 40 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with very large eyes that are contiguous in upper half 41 Pseudopinarus guyanensis [ASUHIC 0086636] with large, subcontiguous eyes and an arcuate carina on the vertex of the head 42 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] with subcontiguous eyes separated at the top by a lanceolate space 43 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] 44 Macrocopturus lynceus [SSAC 0001085] with very large, partially contiguous eyes 45 Microzygops nigrofasciatus [ARTSYS 0000802] with large eyes contiguous in the bottom 2 / 3 and widely separated at the top." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures37–45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143829" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">, 38</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 67–70" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 67 - 70. Lateral and dorsal habitus images of Trichodocerini and Piazurini. Scale bars = 2 mm unless otherwise specified. 67 a-b Trichodocerus spinolae [ARTSYS 0000534] 68 a-b Cratosomus lafontii [SSAC 0001133]; scale bars = 10 mm 69 a-b Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000527] 70 a-b Piazurus caprimulgus [SSAC 0001113]." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures67–70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143831" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">, 68</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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=
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atenismus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atenismus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atenismus</taxonomicName>
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Chevrolat, 1880: L [Syn.:
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<bibRefCitation author="Emden, F van" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" refId="B37" refString="Emden, F van, 1933. Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv für Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift für systematische Zoologie 2(3): 354-464; (4): 465-537." title="Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv fu ̈ r Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift fu ̈ r systematische Zoologie 2 (3): 354 - 464; (4): 465 - 537." year="1933">Emden 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 505]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atenismus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atenismus spinipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipennis">Atenismus spinipennis</taxonomicName>
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Chevrolat, 1880 [by monotypy].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gorgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gorgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gorgus</taxonomicName>
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Schoenherr, 1825: c.585 [Syn.:
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<bibRefCitation author="Gyllenhal, L" journalOrPublisher="Austral Entomology" pageId="54" pageNumber="105" refId="B50" refString="Gyllenhal, L, 1837. In: Schoenherr CJ, q.v." title="In: Schoenherr CJ, q. v." year="1837">Gyllenhal 1837</bibRefCitation>
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: 13]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryptorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptorhynchus lentiginosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentiginosus">Cryptorhynchus lentiginosus</taxonomicName>
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Germar, 1824 [by original designation].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gorgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gorgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gorgus</taxonomicName>
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Schoenherr, 1826: 279 (non Schoenherr, 1825) [Syn.:
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<bibRefCitation author="Gyllenhal, L" journalOrPublisher="Austral Entomology" pageId="54" pageNumber="105" refId="B50" refString="Gyllenhal, L, 1837. In: Schoenherr CJ, q.v." title="In: Schoenherr CJ, q. v." year="1837">Gyllenhal 1837</bibRefCitation>
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: 32]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Curculio dubius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Curculio dubius</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius, 1787 [by original designation] (=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Curculio bombina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bombina">Curculio bombina</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius, 1787).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eucratosomus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eucratosomus">Eucratosomus</taxonomicName>
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) Kuschel, 1945: 361. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryptorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptorhynchus sticticus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sticticus">Cryptorhynchus sticticus</taxonomicName>
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Germar, 1824 [by original designation].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhynchaenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchaenus herculeanus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herculeanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Rhynchaenus herculeanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dalman, 1823 [by original designation] (=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhynchaenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchaenus roddami" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roddami">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Rhynchaenus roddami</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kirby, 1819).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="gender">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Gender.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Masculine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Cratosomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from the other Piazurines treated here by the setal tufts of the anterior margin of the tibial apex being composed of thick fascicles of golden setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 19–36" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures19–36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">21</figureCitation>
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), the dense setal brush at the posterodistal face of the meso- and metatibia (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 19–36" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures19–36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">21</figureCitation>
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), the thick rostrum that is apically dorsoventrally compressed, and generally larger body size. The eyes can be small and widely separated (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 37–45" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 37 - 45. Variation in eye shape. 37 Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with large, subcontiguous eyes that continue below rostral insertion 38 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with relatively small, widely separated eyes 39 Lobops bonvouloiri [ARTSYS 0000658] with widely separated eyes and the frons concave between the upper half of the eye 40 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with very large eyes that are contiguous in upper half 41 Pseudopinarus guyanensis [ASUHIC 0086636] with large, subcontiguous eyes and an arcuate carina on the vertex of the head 42 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016914] with subcontiguous eyes separated at the top by a lanceolate space 43 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] 44 Macrocopturus lynceus [SSAC 0001085] with very large, partially contiguous eyes 45 Microzygops nigrofasciatus [ARTSYS 0000802] with large eyes contiguous in the bottom 2 / 3 and widely separated at the top." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures37–45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143829" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">38</figureCitation>
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) or large and approximate; the femora are ventrally with 0-2 teeth, usually with a distinct ventral carina distally; and the elytra and pronotum are often tuberculate or spinose.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">This genus includes some of the largest Neotropical weevils (Champion 1906: 1). Males of some species have lateral tusk-like processes of the rostrum and are presumably under sexual selection and used during male-male competitions.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="key">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName genus="Keys" lsidName="Keys" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Keys</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<bibRefCitation author="Emden, F van" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" refId="B37" refString="Emden, F van, 1933. Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv für Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift für systematische Zoologie 2(3): 354-464; (4): 465-537." title="Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv fu ̈ r Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift fu ̈ r systematische Zoologie 2 (3): 354 - 464; (4): 465 - 537." year="1933">Emden 1933</bibRefCitation>
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(Central and South America), Champion 1906: 2 (Central America).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="phylogenetic relationships">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Phylogenetic relationships.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
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<bibRefCitation author="Schoenherr, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" refId="B143" refString="Schoenherr, CJ, 1838. Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C.H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae. Paris, Roret; Lipsiae, Fleischer. Vol.4(2): 601-1121. [+ pp. 1122-1124 (Corrigenda)]" title="Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae. Paris, Roret; Lipsiae, Fleischer. Vol. 4 (2): 601 - 1121. [+ pp. 1122 - 1124 (Corrigenda)]" year="1838">
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schoenherr’s">Schoenherr's</normalizedToken>
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||
(1838)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
classification included
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Cratosomus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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in a separate
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cohors" lsidName="Cohors" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Cohors</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Cryptorhynchides, thereby distinguished from the rest of the then-described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1833" lsidName="" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Conoderinae">Conoderinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although somewhat dissimilar in appearance to the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Piazurini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piazurini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Piazurini</taxonomicName>
|
||
treated here, it resembles the South American piazurine genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Latychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Latychus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Latychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pascoe, 1872 (and likely also the South American
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Costolatychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Costolatychus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Costolatychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Heller, 1906, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Latychellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Latychellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Latychellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hustache, 1938, but no specimens were observed of those genera) in the thickened dorsoventrally compressed rostral apex, the smaller and relatively widely separated eyes (as in some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Cratosomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the small ventral femoral tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Host associations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
|
||
R.S.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm125165197-1" author="Anderson, RS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="51" pageNumber="102" pagination="197 - 232" refId="B2" refString="Anderson, RS, 1993. Weevils and plants: phylogenetic versus ecological mediation of evolution of host plant associations in Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 165: 197 - 232, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm125165197-1" title="Weevils and plants: phylogenetic versus ecological mediation of evolution of host plant associations in Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm125165197-1" volume="165" year="1993">Anderson (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 218) lists
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Juss.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Juss.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Juss.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Juss., and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Juss Hosts for several species of Brazilian
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Cratosomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cratosomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Cratosomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Costa-Lima, A da" journalOrPublisher="Serie Didatica" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" pagination="3 - 373" refId="B28" refString="Costa-Lima, A da, 1956. Insetos do Brasil. 10° Tomo, Coleopteros, 4.a e ultima parte. Escola Nacional de Agronomia. Serie Didatica 12: 3 - 373" title="Insetos do Brasil. 10 ° Tomo, Coleopteros, 4. a e ultima parte. Escola Nacional de Agronomia." volume="12" year="1956">Costa-Lima (1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 213).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="described species">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Described species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Twenty-five species are known from the focal region (with 14 subspecies or forms) and an additional 126 species (and many subspecies or forms) are known exclusively from South America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wibmer, GJ" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute Number" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 563" refId="B153" refString="Wibmer, GJ, O'Brien, CW, 1986. Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute Number 39: 1 - 563" title="Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." volume="39" year="1986">
|
||
Wibmer and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Brien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
|
||
1986
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 254;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rheinheimer, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" refId="B137" refString="Rheinheimer, J, 2011. Les Conoderinae de Guyane (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Coleopteres de Guyane. Tome IV: 65-88." title="Les Conoderinae de Guyane (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Coleopteres de Guyane. Tome IV: 65 - 88." year="2011">Rheinheimer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 66 described one more).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="65" type="range">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">Range.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama; South America. Distributions of Guadeloupe and the Lesser Antilles are listed with doubt by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Emden, F van" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" refId="B37" refString="Emden, F van, 1933. Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv für Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift für systematische Zoologie 2(3): 354-464; (4): 465-537." title="Revision der Gattung Cratosomus. Archiv fu ̈ r Naturgeschichte; Zeitschrift fu ̈ r systematische Zoologie 2 (3): 354 - 464; (4): 465 - 537." year="1933">Emden (1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 532) and subsequent catalogs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |