263 lines
28 KiB
XML
263 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.278.4743" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1552ab9-004d-4671-90f5-8ff8f57df118" ID-PMC="PMC3677346" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-278-1" ID-PubMed="23794827" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-278-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 278" ModsDocTitle="Phylogeny and host-plant relationships of the Australian Myrtaceae leafmining moth genus Pectinivalva (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae), with new subgenera and species" checkinTime="1451247569814" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hoare, Robert J. B. & Nieukerken, Erik J. van" docDate="2013" docId="A469F55CDD47E98CFFA3D4234973D5F4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 278: 1-64" docOrigin="ZooKeys 278" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.278.4743" docTitle="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes Hoare, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF8DFFFD8A3D1872FFEEFFD9FFB1FF90" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and host-plant relationships of the Australian Myrtaceae leafmining moth genus Pectinivalva (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae), with new subgenera and species" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668155497724" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogeny and host-plant relationships of the Australian Myrtaceae leafmining moth genus Pectinivalva (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae), with new subgenera and species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hoare, Robert J. B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nieukerken, Erik J. van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>278</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>64</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.278.4743</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.278.4743</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-278-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152041665" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:62D9A762-334E-4FDE-A191-0282BED3FC18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A469F55CDD47E98CFFA3D4234973D5F4" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:62D9A762-334E-4FDE-A191-0282BED3FC18" authority="Hoare" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes Hoare</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Holotype. ♂, 27.36S, 151.59E, Leslie St., Toowoomba, Queensland, emg. 8.x.1995,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus pilularis" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilularis">Eucalyptus pilularis</taxonomicName>
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, R.J.B. Hoare, I.F.B. Common. Paratypes. 6♂, 4♀, same data as holotype, emg. 3-10.x., 9.xi., 13.xii.1995, slides 11330, 12066 (anic); 5♂, 4♀, 27.36S, 151.59E, J.E. Duggan Park, Leslie St., Toowoomba, Queensland, 6.vii.2000, emg. 11.viii.-27.ix.2000,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus pilularis" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilularis">Eucalyptus pilularis</taxonomicName>
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, R.J.B. Hoare, C. van den Berg, bred in NL, slide EJvN3548 (rmnh); 4♂, 2♀,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="McAfee’s">McAfee's</normalizedToken>
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Lookout, Brisbane Forest Park, Queensland, emg. 1-10.x.1995,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus carnea" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnea">Eucalyptus carnea</taxonomicName>
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, R.J.B. Hoare, slides 11262, 11263 (anic).4♂, 3♀, Lisarow, N.S.W., emg. ix.1954, ix.-x.1955, x.1956,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus acmenoides" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acmenoides">Eucalyptus acmenoides</taxonomicName>
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,K.M. Moore; 1♀, Mollymook, N.S.W., 21.xii.1996, emg. 28.i.1997,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus pilularis" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilularis">Eucalyptus pilularis</taxonomicName>
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, R.J.B. Hoare.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Male (Fig. 10). Wingspan 5.2-5.7 mm. Head capsule (Figs 21, 22): labial palpi distinctly shorter than galeae; maxillary palpi with ratio of segments from base approximately 0.4: 0.3: 0.4: 1.4: 1.0; interocular index 0.69; scape slightly expanded posteriorly into a setose
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘bump’">'bump'</normalizedToken>
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; 1st 2 flagellar segments of antenna fused and narrower than remaining segments so that base of flagellum appears slightly invaginated posteri
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<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">orly</pageBreakToken>
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. Frontal tuft black, collar white; eyecaps white, black-bordered posteriorly beneath; antennae shining grey, ca. 42 segments. Thorax and forewing entirely blackish brown; a row of long blackish androconial scales projecting from dorsum; cilia shining dark
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<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">brown</pageBreakToken>
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, cilia-line indistinct. Hindwing rather broad, dark brown, with a small narrow androconial pocket basally; cilia shining blackish. Underside: forewing dark brown, costa black with a knob of black granular scales at base forming retinaculum; hindwing dark
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<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">brown</pageBreakToken>
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with blackish lamellate scales along basal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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of costa. Wing venation as in Fig. 35. Legs: fore-tibia thickened above with blackish scales. Abdomen shining blackish.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Female (Fig. 11). Wingspan 5.0-5.2 mm. Head: frontal tuft brownish, collar white; eyecaps shining white, unmodified, antennae shining grey, ca. 24 segments, basal flagellar segments unmodified. Thorax and forewing paler than in male, yellowish overlain more or less extensively with brownish fuscous scales, leaving following markings yellow: a diffuse streak just beneath costa reaching
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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way along wing and diffuse opposite spots on costa and tornus at 2/3, cilia grey with moderately distinct cilia-line. Hindwing narrower than in male, grey; cilia grey. Underside: forewing shining dark brown; hindwing shining grey. Wing venation as in Fig. 34. Legs unmodified. Abdomen shining dark grey, paler beneath.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Male genitalia (Figs 49-51, 64, 65). Capsule ca. 370
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long. Vinculum with slight anterior excavation; lateral arms inconspicuously forked apically, the caudal bifurcations from each side uniting to form straight bar along base of tegumen. Tegumen narrow, lateral corners produced anteriorly into distinct
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘shoulders’">'shoulders'</normalizedToken>
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. Uncus small, boat-shaped. Gnathos central element long, spatulate. Valva (Fig. 50) ca. 245
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, reaching well beyond tegumen, strongly curved; medial edge smoothly excavated and ending in triangular projection; pectinifer consisting of 12 broad, blunt elements; dorsal surface towards apex with long setae. Juxta consisting of paired plate-like sclerites. Aedeagus (Fig. 51, 65) ca. 455
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long; a spine-like process projecting from apex on right in ventral view; vesica with ca. 20 rather large cornuti, the 2 apical ones with very broad bases; sclerotized tube supporting cathrema very long, 2/3 length of aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Female genitalia (Fig. 76, 89-91). Total length ca. 640
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. T9 with ca. 10-11 setae on each side. Apophyses posteriores slightly longer than anteriores; apophyses anteriores curved inwards. Segment 7 produced laterally into 2 small evaginations either side of apophyses anteriores. Lateral sclerites of vestibulum broad, their apices associated with a pair of roughened irregular sclerotizations in centre of vestibulum. Ductus bursae strongly folded. Ductus spermathecae with ca. 3-4 poorly defined convolutions. Corpus bursae rounded; a field of concentrically arranged pectinations in posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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on one side; signum a pair of concentric ovals of fence-like spines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Larva. Appearing translucent whitish or yellowish in mine, becoming dull purplish white on vacating. Head as in Fig. 107; length of head ca. 345
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; width ca. 270
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. Thorax: prothoracic sternite (Fig. 112) narrow, I-shaped. Chaetotaxy and spinosity: T2 with 10 pairs of setae (L3 absent); otherwise as described for subgenus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Casanovula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Casanovula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Casanovula</taxonomicName>
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. Anal rods slightly forked posteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Figures 73-76.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pectinivalva</taxonomicName>
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spp., female genitalia, ventral view. 73
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) mystaconota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystaconota" subGenus="Pectinivalva">Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) mystaconota</taxonomicName>
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74
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Casanovula) brevipalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpa" subGenus="Casanovula">Pectinivalva (Casanovula) brevipalpa</taxonomicName>
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75
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Casanovula) minotaurus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minotaurus" subGenus="Casanovula">Pectinivalva (Casanovula) minotaurus</taxonomicName>
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76
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Figures 77-79.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella)" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella)</taxonomicName>
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spp., female genitalia, ventral view. 77
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) acmenae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acmenae" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) acmenae</taxonomicName>
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78
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quintiniae" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae</taxonomicName>
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79
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quintiniae" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae</taxonomicName>
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, apophyses and papillae anales.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Figures 80-88.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pectinivalva</taxonomicName>
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spp., female genitalia, ventral view. 80-82
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) mystaconota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystaconota" subGenus="Pectinivalva">Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) mystaconota</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, slide ANIC10161 83-85
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Casanovula) brevipalpa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpa" subGenus="Casanovula">Pectinivalva (Casanovula) brevipalpa</taxonomicName>
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, paratypes, slides ANIC11328, ANIC11238 (85) 86-88
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Casanovula) minotaurus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minotaurus" subGenus="Casanovula">Pectinivalva (Casanovula) minotaurus</taxonomicName>
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, paratypes, slides ANIC11327 (86), ANIC10209. Scales 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(80, 88).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Figures 89-97.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella)" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva(Menurella)</taxonomicName>
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spp., female genitalia, ventral view. 89-91
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, slideANIC11263 92-94
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) acmenae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acmenae" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) acmenae</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, slideANIC11242 95-97
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quintiniae" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) quintiniae</taxonomicName>
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, paratype, slide EJvN3961. Scales 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(89, 92, 95), 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Host plants:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus pilularis" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilularis">Eucalyptus pilularis</taxonomicName>
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Smith,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Enteucha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enteucha carnea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">Enteucha carnea</taxonomicName>
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R. Baker,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Enteucha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enteucha acmenoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acmenoides">Enteucha acmenoides</taxonomicName>
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Schauer and probably
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Enteucha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enteucha saligna" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saligna">Enteucha saligna</taxonomicName>
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Smith (see below) (
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<taxonomicName genus="Myrtaceae" lsidName="Myrtaceae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="genus">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
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). Egg: on upperside of leaf. Mine (Fig. 119): commences as a tight spiral around the egg, causing a raised red-brown spot on the leaf about 3-5 mm in diameter; later broadens into a more or less contorted linear gallery with black frass leaving narrow clear margins; exit-hole on leaf underside, a crescentic hole. Often several mines to a leaf. Cocoon: reddish brown. Occupied mines were collected on 17 and 20 July 1995, and 21 Dec 1996, and have also been recorded in January, March, April, June and August (Moore 1966).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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The male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) funeralis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funeralis" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) funeralis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Meyrick),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) libera" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="libera" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) libera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Meyrick) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella)" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella)</taxonomicName>
|
||
119. It can be distinguished from all of these by its black head-tuft. The brown and yellow wing pattern of the female is distinctive amongst known species (although the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) funeralis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funeralis" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) funeralis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) libera" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="libera" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) libera</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unknown). The unusual larval mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be diagnostic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">N.S.W, Southern Queensland.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="dna barcode">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">DNA barcode.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">RMNH.INS.23548, Genbank KC292483.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="derivation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Derivation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The specific name (an adjective) is derived from the Greek skotodes, meaning either
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dark’">'dark'</normalizedToken>
|
||
or
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dizzy’">'dizzy'</normalizedToken>
|
||
. It refers both to the blackish coloration of the adult male moth, and to the habit of the young larva, which mines in tight circles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The two female paratypes reared from mines on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus carnea" order="Myrtales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnea">Eucalyptus carnea</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected near Brisbane have a sparser scattering of brown scales on the yellow ground colour than the females reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Enteucha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enteucha pilularis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilularis">Enteucha pilularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, no other differences have been observed between specimens from these two host-plants, and the mines also appear to be identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
This species was first collected by K.M. Moore, who described and illustrated the mine (Moore 1966: figs 15, 15A). There are specimens in the anic (here designated paratypes) reared by him in the 1950's. The host-plant is indicated on the labels only by a rearing number; mines from his herbarium with the corresponding number are all in leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus acmenoides" order="Myrtales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acmenoides">Eucalyptus acmenoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He also recorded mines on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Enteucha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enteucha saligna" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saligna">Enteucha saligna</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but no specimens reared from this host-plant have been located. Moore referred to this species as '
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nepticula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nepticula</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 3' and regarded it as related to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nepticula gilva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilva">Nepticula gilva</taxonomicName>
|
||
Meyrick. He was probably misled by the wing-pattern of the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotodes" subGenus="Menurella">Pectinivalva (Menurella) scotodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which bears some resemblance to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) gilva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilva" subGenus="Pectinivalva">Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) gilva</taxonomicName>
|
||
: he would not have seen the type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) gilva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilva" subGenus="Pectinivalva">Pectinivalva (Pectinivalva) gilva</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the BMNH. The two species are not closely related and belong to different subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Pectinivalva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pectinivalva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pectinivalva</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |