treatments-xml/data/A2/0F/F2/A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1158-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4CEC621CA800513B94D3B04B7FA8C055" ID-ZooBank="57A79842A71A4A25917F57A33D3334F5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1158-27" checkinTime="1682027027311" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lopez-Perilla, Yeny Rocio, Fernandez-Roldan, Juan David, Meza-Joya, Fabio Leonardo &amp; Medina-Rangel, Guido Fabian" docDate="2023" docId="A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1158: 27-48" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1158" docPubDate="2023-04-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077" docTitle="Bolitoglossa muisca López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="63BA9285-C4FE-45B0-B828-BDB37F4E06BF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="4CEC621CA800513B94D3B04B7FA8C055" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="4CEC621CA800513B94D3B04B7FA8C055" masterDocTitle="A new Bolitoglossa (Amphibia, Caudata, Plethodontidae) from the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1682027328826" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new Bolitoglossa (Amphibia, Caudata, Plethodontidae) from the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lopez-Perilla, Yeny Rocio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8087-9534</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Fundacion Natura, Bogota D. C., Colombia &amp; Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yrlopezp@unal.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Roldan, Juan David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2011-3881</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Meza-Joya, Fabio Leonardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-4471</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Anfibios, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia &amp; Grupo de Investigacion en Biotecnologia Industrial y Biologia Molecular, Escuela de Biologia, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Medina-Rangel, Guido Fabian</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-590X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-04-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1158</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>48</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1158-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">57A79842A71A4A25917F57A33D3334F5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4CEC621CA800513B94D3B04B7FA8C055</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:63BA9285-C4FE-45B0-B828-BDB37F4E06BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/63BA9285-C4FE-45B0-B828-BDB37F4E06BF" authority="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel, 2023" authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca" status="sp. nov.">Bolitoglossa muisca</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="27">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood tree of Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) adspersa group showing the phylogenetic position of Bolitoglossa muisca. Vertical bars indicate the two-species hypothesis within Bolitoglossa adspersa with the supported species partitions inferred using genetic data (p-distances, ABGD, and P ID). Support values for well-supported nodes correspond to ML ultrafast bootstrap (&gt; 95) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (&gt; 0.95), respectively. Photograph by JDF." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839917" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17413) in A dorsal B ventral and C lateral views. Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839918" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Ventral views of the hands and feet of A Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17413) B Bolitoglossa adspersa (ICN 4885). Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839919" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17419) in life. Photographs by JDF." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839920" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Chromatic variation of Bolitoglossa muisca in life. Notice some individuals bear white blotches on the ventral surfaces of the body and the tail. Photographs by YLP." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839921" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A non-captured individual of Bolitoglossa muisca from the surroundings of Reserva Chicaque, San Antonio del Tequendama, Cundinamarca, Colombia, photographed by JDF in October 2015. Notice the striking contrasting dark brown background coloration with ochre markings primarily on the dorsal surfaces of the body." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839922" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
IAvH-Am-17413, an adult female from Finca La Esmeralda, vereda Roble Hueco, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6963" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6963">4.6963</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3624" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3624">-74.3624</geoCoordinate>
, 2630 m a.s.l.), collected by Y.R. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-Perilla">Lopez-Perilla</normalizedToken>
on 4 February 2021 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of Colombia showing the distribution records of Bolitoglossa muisca and other sympatric Bolitoglossa species in the Cordillera Oriental." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839916" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Paratypes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 8: 3 females, 5 males).
</emphasis>
IAvH-Am-17417 (adult male), IAvH-Am-17419 (adult female), IAvH-Am-17421 (adult male) and IAvH-Am-17422 (adult male) from Finca La Esmeralda, vereda Roble Hueco, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6963" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6963">4.6963</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3624" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3624">-74.3624</geoCoordinate>
, 2630 m a.s.l.), collected by Y.R. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-Perilla">Lopez-Perilla</normalizedToken>
in February 2021 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17419) in life. Photographs by JDF." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839920" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">5</figureCitation>
). IAvH-Am-17423 (adult male), IAvH-Am-17425 (adult male) and IAvH-Am-17428 (adult female) from Finca 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peñas">Penas</normalizedToken>
Blancas, vereda Roble Hueco, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6916" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6916">4.6916</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3581" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3581">-74.3581</geoCoordinate>
, 2390 m a.s.l.), collected by Y.R. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-Perilla">Lopez-Perilla</normalizedToken>
in February 2021. IAvH-Am-17429 (adult female) from vereda Cascajal, Soacha municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.5954" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.5954">4.5954</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.2922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.2922">-74.2922</geoCoordinate>
, 2700 m a.s.l.), collected by G.F. Medina-Rangel in September 2022.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="referred specimens">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Referred specimens</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 36: 7 females, 29 juveniles and subadults).
</emphasis>
ICN 3544-48, five adult females from Hacienda 'El 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soche’">Soche'</normalizedToken>
, Granada municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.5153" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.5153">4.5153</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3240" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.324">-74.3240</geoCoordinate>
, 2600 m a.s.l.) obtained by Rurithza Velandia in December 1977; specimen ICN 3545 is cleared and stained; MVZ 167997, a juvenile obtained by Pere Alberch on 17 December 1978. ICN 58245-58268, a batch of 23 juvenile and subadult specimens from Hacienda 'La 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tribuna’">Tribuna'</normalizedToken>
, vereda Noruega Alta, Silvania municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.4836" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.4836">4.4836</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3203" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3203">-74.3203</geoCoordinate>
, 2700 m a.s.l.) obtained by Cesar 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Monguí">Mongui</normalizedToken>
in September 2008. ICN 60319-20, two juveniles from vereda Roquemonte, San Antonio del Tequendama municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6056">4.6056</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3008" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3008">-74.3008</geoCoordinate>
, 2600 m a.s.l.) obtained by J.D. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
in August 2013. ICN 60321-22, a juvenile and an adult female (respectively) also from vereda Roquemonte, San Antonio del Tequendama municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6056">4.6056</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3008" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3008">-74.3008</geoCoordinate>
, 2600 m a.s.l.) obtained by J.D. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
in March 2017. ICN 60323-25, two juveniles and an adult female (respectively) from vereda Roquemonte, San Antonio del Tequendama municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.6056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.6056">4.6056</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.3008" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.3008">-74.3008</geoCoordinate>
, 2600 m a.s.l.), also obtained by J.D. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
in January 2018.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a member the subgenus 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa (Eladinea)" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eladinea">Bolitoglossa Eladinea</taxonomicName>
and of the 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa adspersa" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. The new species is characterized by the following morphological characters: a large-size body; a broad head; a rounded snout in dorsal and ventral views; a very thick postocular fold; a moderate subgular fold; smooth skin texture; moderately long limbs; moderate webbing on third finger and toe; and a short, robust tail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Even though 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa adspersa" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share their moderate webbing on hands and feet, we regard the former as having less webbing than the latter. Moreover, the tips of the fingers and toes are separated from the distal margin of the webbing, exposing their subcircular-shaped digits; unlike those of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Ventral views of the hands and feet of A Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17413) B Bolitoglossa adspersa (ICN 4885). Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839919" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">4</figureCitation>
). The new species is slightly larger on average than 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. adspersa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(mean SVL 52.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 mm; range 33.0-72.1 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22 vs. 45.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 mm; range 30.7-66.3 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 26), additionally, the tail of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. adspersa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thin and long in relation to the trunk but thick and short in relation to the trunk in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Meristic data and morphological comparisons of Bolitoglossa adspersa, B. capitana, B. muisca, and B. pandi. For abbreviations see methods section." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0">1</tableCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. capitana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having moderately webbed hands and feet (vs. almost fully webbed hands and feet in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. capitana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by being overall smaller in size (mean SVL 52.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 mm; range 33.0-72.1 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22 vs. 75.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
10.9 mm; range 59.2-85.5 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5), by having fewer maxillary teeth (mean MT 24.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.0; range 14-36; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 17 vs. 30.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
5.1; range 22-37; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5) by having fewer vomerine teeth (mean VT 35.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.0; range 24-53; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 17 vs. 66.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14.8; range 46-87; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5), and because the new species bears a faint, very small gular fold that is large, thick and notable in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. capitana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4965.2.3" author="Cruz-Rodriguez, C" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="261 - 292" refId="B8" refString="Cruz-Rodriguez, C, Lynch, JD, Cardenas, JS, Caicedo-Portilla, JR, 2021. Type specimens housed in the herpetological collections at Museo La Salle Bogota and their historical importance for the consolidation of herpetology in Colombia. Zootaxa 4965 (2): 261 - 292, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4965.2.3" title="Type specimens housed in the herpetological collections at Museo La Salle Bogota and their historical importance for the consolidation of herpetology in Colombia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4965.2.3" volume="4965" year="2021">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cruz-Rodríguez">Cruz-Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
et al. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 13, 14). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. pandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because the tips of the third digit and toe of the latter are triangular and pointed in outline (vs. third digits and toes oval and webbed to a higher degree in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by being a slightly larger species (mean SVL 52.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 mm; range 33.0-72.1 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22 vs. 44.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.9 mm; range 35.9-52 mm; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12), and by having mostly smooth skin (vs. coarse skin in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. pandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); moreover, the tail of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. pandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tapers gradually and symmetrically from broad to slender antero-posteriorly, unlike that of the new species, which is slightly rectangular in outline, becoming abruptly wider than the base, and ending in a rounded tip (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Meristic data and morphological comparisons of Bolitoglossa adspersa, B. capitana, B. muisca, and B. pandi. For abbreviations see methods section." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/40378B9F2BDE98BA90D4B23743FEE7C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Table 1.</emphasis>
Meristic data and morphological comparisons of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa adspersa" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. capitana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. pandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For abbreviations see methods section.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Characters/Species</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. adspersa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. capitana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. muisca" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. pandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B. pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">VT</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
26.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.5 (18-38) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 17]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
66.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14.8 (46-87) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
35.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4 (24-53) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 17]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
31.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4 (21-42) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">MT</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
17.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.5 (13-29) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 18]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
30.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
5.1 (22-37) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
24.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3 (14-36) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 17]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
18.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.2 (13-26) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">SVL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
45 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 (30.7-66.3) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 26]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
75.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
10.9 (59.2-85.5) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
52.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.4 (33-72.1) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
44 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2.9 (35.9-52) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">TL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
35 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.7 (21.2-54.2) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 26]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
61.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7.4 (53.2-70.8) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 4]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
38.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
4.3 (11.6-55.5) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
29.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
5.2 (15.4-42.8) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 11]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">HW</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
6.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4 (4.9-9.5) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 27]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
10.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.5 (8.8-12.5) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 5]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
7.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4 (5.4-10.3) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
6.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.5 (5.3-8.2) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">HL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
8.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.5 (5.8-10.2) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 27]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
12.2 [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 1]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
9.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.7 (5.6-14.5) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
7.47 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6 (6.3-10.2) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 12]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">TL/SVL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
0.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1 (0.6-1.1) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 11]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
0.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1 (0.7-1.1) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 4]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
0.72 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1 (0.2-0.9) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 22]
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
0.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1 (0.34-1.1) [
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 11]
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Webbing on third finger</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Extensive</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Webbing on third toe</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Extensive</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Postocular fold</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Thick</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Very thick</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Subgular fold</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Very thick</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Thick</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Moderate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Faint</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Snout in dorsal and ventral view</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Truncated</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Truncated</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Truncated</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Tail shape</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Tapered</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Tapered</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Stout</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Tapered</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
An adult female (SVL = 61.3 mm) with a broad head (HW/SVL = 0.16); head longer than wide (HW/HL = 0.90); neck with a small, faint gular fold; snout short and truncated in profile, and dorsal view, but less so in ventral view (SNL = 3.1 mm); large eyes that do not extend beyond the outline of the head in dorsal view and smaller than interorbital distance (EYD = 3.18 mm, IOD = 3.37 mm); with a thick post ocular fold that extends past the posterior commissure of the eye onto the anterior margin of the gular fold; canthus rostralis subtle, small, rounded in outline; 33 maxillary teeth, 16 to the right and 17 to the left; vomerine teeth 25, these are not arranged in a single row but grouped towards the margins of the parasphenoid bone; with three premaxillary teeth that pierce the upper lip in males; nasolabial grooves well developed; moderate interdigital webbing on hands but third finger extends slightly further than the other fingers; toes with less interdigital webbing than fingers, toes II-V with less membrane than toe I; with subterminal pads on digits, digits in order of increasing length I&lt;II&lt;IV&gt;III; toes I&lt;II&lt;III&lt;IV&gt;V; longest digits of hand and feet are subcircular (L3T and L3F), limbs relatively long (FL/SVL = 0.23, HLL/SVL = 0.23); tail not exceeding standard length (TL/SVL 0.93), narrower than the body at the base (posterior to the vent), slightly rectangular in outline, becoming abruptly wider than the base and ending in a rounded tip, but this condition is artefactual because the tip of the tail is missing; a long trunk (52.5 mm); with 13 costal grooves (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17413) in A dorsal B ventral and C lateral views. Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839918" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">3</figureCitation>
). See Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Meristic data and measurements of the type series of Bolitoglossa muisca." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6EEFF82BC323EDE6D036EFB9F3E62940" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="6EEFF82BC323EDE6D036EFB9F3E62940">2</tableCitation>
for meristic data of all type specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839918" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(IAvH-Am-17413) in 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
dorsal 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
ventral and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
lateral views. Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839919" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Ventral views of the hands and feet of 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(IAvH-Am-17413) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa adspersa" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ICN 4885). Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839920" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Paratype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(IAvH-Am-17419) in life. Photographs by JDF.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="6EEFF82BC323EDE6D036EFB9F3E62940" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6EEFF82BC323EDE6D036EFB9F3E62940" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Table 2.</emphasis>
Meristic data and measurements of the type series of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Characters/Type series</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17413 *</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17417</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17419</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17421</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17422</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17423</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17425</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17428</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">IAvH-Am-17429</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Sex</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Female</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Female</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Female</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Female</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Female</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">SVL (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">61.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">50.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">60.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">58.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">57.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">72.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">54</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">51.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">65.9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">TL (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">53.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">40.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">46.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">49.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">51.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">14.4+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">45.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">36.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">42.6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">HW (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">7.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">7.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">8.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">8.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">8.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">HL (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">10.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">8.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">10.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">11.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">9.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">14.5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">HW/SVL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">TL/SVL</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">--</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">VT</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">18</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">23</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">22</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">32</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">36</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">MT</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">33</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">24</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">28</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">44</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">44</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">41</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">44</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<tableNote pageId="0" pageNumber="27">* Denotes de holotype. + regenerated tail. -- No data. For abbreviations see Materials and methods section.</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="coloration of the holotype in life">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Coloration of the holotype in life.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The color pattern of the holotype is described based on a photograph taken the day after capture. The dorsal surfaces of the head, the body and the tail are Raw Umber (280), strongly speckled with Dark Salmon (59); white stipples on the lateral surface of the head; the flanks, dorsum, legs, and tail have an irregular thin white stripe; the iris is Light Sky Blue (191) with 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pratt’s">Pratt's</normalizedToken>
Rufous (72) reticulations. The throat and ventral surfaces are white with Raw Umber (280) speckles and reticulations; the ventral surfaces of the limbs and tails with some Light Orange Yellow (7) vermiculated; underside of hands and feet are Olive-Brown (278).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="coloration of the holotype in preservative">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Coloration of the holotype in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The color pattern of the holotype was recorded after approximately five months stored in 70% ethanol. The dorsal surfaces of the head, the body and the tail are Raw Umber (280), strongly speckled with Dark Salmon (59); the flanks, dorsum, legs, and tail have an irregular Smoke Gray (266) stripe; the iris is Amber (51) with Orange Rufous (56) reticulations. The throat and ventral surface are Smoke Gray (266) with Raw Umber (280) speckles and reticulations; hands and feet soles are Grayish Horn (268) ventrally (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17413) in A dorsal B ventral and C lateral views. Photographs by JDF. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839918" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="color variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Color variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The specimens IAvH-Am-17414-16 have the dorsal surfaces of the head, flanks, dorsum, front legs and vertebral band Orange-Rufous (56), strongly speckled with Raw Umber (280); paravertebral area, tail, and hind legs back Light-Yellow Ocher (13) with Raw Umber (280) dashes, and bordered with a wide Raw Umber (280) band; white stipples on the lateral surface of the head and back of the legs. The specimen IAvH-Am-17425 has the dorsal surfaces of the head, body, legs, and tail Dark Salmon (59), strongly speckled with Raw Umber (280), with greater concentration at the nape of the neck. Ventral markings or blotches on the ventral surfaces of the body and tail vary in shape and size; often with irregular margins but are consistently white or cream-colored independent of sex and age (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratype of Bolitoglossa muisca (IAvH-Am- 17419) in life. Photographs by JDF." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839920" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">5</figureCitation>
- 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A non-captured individual of Bolitoglossa muisca from the surroundings of Reserva Chicaque, San Antonio del Tequendama, Cundinamarca, Colombia, photographed by JDF in October 2015. Notice the striking contrasting dark brown background coloration with ochre markings primarily on the dorsal surfaces of the body." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839922" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839921" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Chromatic variation of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in life. Notice some individuals bear white blotches on the ventral surfaces of the body and the tail. Photographs by YLP.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839922" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 7.</emphasis>
A non-captured individual of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the surroundings of Reserva Chicaque, San Antonio del Tequendama, Cundinamarca, Colombia, photographed by JDF in October 2015. Notice the striking contrasting dark brown background coloration with ochre markings primarily on the dorsal surfaces of the body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Named after the native human inhabitants of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and Sabana de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
. The Muiscas regarded amphibians as sacred creatures associated with sex, fertility, and the arrival of the rainy season. The specific epithet is used as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
At present, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from small cloud forest remnants on the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
, Granada, San Antonio del Tequendama, Silvania, and Soacha municipalities, Cundinamarca department. All specimens collected between 2390-2700 m a.s.l. (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood tree of Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) adspersa group showing the phylogenetic position of Bolitoglossa muisca. Vertical bars indicate the two-species hypothesis within Bolitoglossa adspersa with the supported species partitions inferred using genetic data (p-distances, ABGD, and P ID). Support values for well-supported nodes correspond to ML ultrafast bootstrap (&gt; 95) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (&gt; 0.95), respectively. Photograph by JDF." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839917" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="natural history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Individuals from 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
municipality were regularly found at night on the base (on the 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">mantillo</emphasis>
) and leaves of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" class="Amphibia" family="Cyatheaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="family">Cyatheaceae</taxonomicName>
ferns, which are dominant in the cloud forests of the Tequendama region of Cundinamarca department (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. The Andean cloud forests of Bojaca, Cundinamarca, and the habitat of Bolitoglossa muisca. Photographs by YLP." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839923" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">8</figureCitation>
). Most individuals from San Antonio del Tequendama municipality were found active at night perching on small branches of shrubs (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" class="Amphibia" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron &amp; Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="family">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
), usually far away from rivers or streams. During the day, a few individuals were found inactive inside bromeliads below two meters height. When handled, these salamanders produced a sticky whiteish mucoserous substance; we consider this to be a defense mechanism against potential predators (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17161/randa.v25i2.14253" author="Arrivillaga, C" journalOrPublisher="I RCF Reptiles &amp; Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="99 - 103" refId="B3" refString="Arrivillaga, C, Brown, T, 2018. Primary descriptions of defense mechanisms employed by neotropical salamanders (Bolitoglossa, Oedipina, Nototriton, and Cryptotriton sp.: Plethodontidae) in Cusuco National Park, Honduras. I RCF Reptiles &amp; Amphibians 25 (2): 99 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17161/randa.v25i2.14253" title="Primary descriptions of defense mechanisms employed by neotropical salamanders (Bolitoglossa, Oedipina, Nototriton, and Cryptotriton sp.: Plethodontidae) in Cusuco National Park, Honduras." url="https://doi.org/10.17161/randa.v25i2.14253" volume="25" year="2018">Arrivillaga and Brown 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Two frog species (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" authorityYear="1870" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Pristimantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. uisae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="uisae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. uisae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and a lizard (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1851" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis heterodermus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Anolis heterodermus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were found in sympatry with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; no other salamander species were found within our fieldwork area.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1158.99077.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/839923" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 8.</emphasis>
The Andean cloud forests of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
, Cundinamarca, and the habitat of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by YLP.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Countries are indicated in bold capitals, departments in regular capitals, municipalities, and localities in plain text. * Denotes specimens examined via photographs.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa adspersa" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa adspersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 29). 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Paramo de la Rusia, de Toquilla" country="Colombia" location="Paramo de Toquilla" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Boyaca">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Boyaca">Boyaca</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
: Duitama, 
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de la Rusia
</collectorName>
: ICN 4301, 4310; Toquilla, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:660F3B79322E273E6A293ADCB786491E" country="Colombia" name="Paramo de Toquilla" stateProvince="Boyaca">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Toquilla</collectorName>
</location>
: ICN 9487
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ICN 37555, ICN 39096, ICN 55420" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="D. C., San Cristobal, de Vitelma, La Marranera, Usme, El Hato, de Hoyerias, de Chingaza, de Guasca, Paramo de Palacio, P. N. N" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" location="Laguna de Chingaza" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Bogota">Bogota</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<collectorName name="DM Cabrera-Amaya">D.C.</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Cruz Verde
</collectingCounty>
: IAvH-Am-8917, 
<collectorName>San Cristobal</collectorName>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tánques">Tanques</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Vitelma</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, finca 
<collectorName>La Marranera</collectorName>
: IAvH-Am-696, 2947, 2954, 2957-58, 2964, 2967, 2972, 
<collectorName>Usme</collectorName>
, represa 
<collectorName>El Hato</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN37555">ICN 37555</accessionNumber>
; Cabrera: vereda 
<collectorName>
de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hoyerías">Hoyerias</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
: IAvH-Am-13253 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fómeque">Fomeque</normalizedToken>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:02555ACDD873D42B7FC17E746B6C215C" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" name="Laguna de Chingaza" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
Laguna 
<collectorName>de Chingaza</collectorName>
</location>
: ICN 4884, 4891; Guasca, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:42CDF97B98665BCF93093FEA1DE38238" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" name="Paramo de Guasca" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Guasca</collectorName>
</location>
: ICN 4521, 4525, 4546; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fómeque">Fomeque</normalizedToken>
, laguna Chingaza: ICN 4885; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fusagasugá">Fusagasuga</normalizedToken>
, km 50 carretera 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fusagasugá-La">Fusagasuga-La</normalizedToken>
Florida: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN39096">ICN 39096</accessionNumber>
; Guatavita, vereda Montenquiva: IAvH-Am-13174-75, 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN55420">ICN 55420</accessionNumber>
; Guayabetal: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Atravezado: IAvH-Am-14808; 
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:A59CA37FE2906BBEDD79398230191290" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" name="Paramo de Palacio" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Palacio
</location>
, P.N.N
</collectorName>
. Chingaza: IAvH-Am-3101, 3096, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quétame">Quetame</normalizedToken>
, km 22 carretera 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:A48A7A0B98A3C87DB428936CC802E670" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" name="central Villavicencio-Alto" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
central 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:3DBE2FB61B5724E05659399C4AF1D36A" country="Colombia" county="Paramo de Cruz Verde" municipality="Tanques de Vitelma" name="Villavicencio-Alto del Tigre" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Villavicencio-Alto del Tigre</location>
</location>
: ICN 7123; Ubaque, reserva 
<normalizedToken originalValue="ecológica">ecologica</normalizedToken>
Matarredonda: IAvH-Am-13254
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brame &amp; Wake" authorityYear="1963" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa capitana" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa capitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 4). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Albán">Alban</normalizedToken>
, Granjas del Padre Luna: ICN 9221 &amp; MLS 182-184*.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Acosta-Galvis &amp; Gutierrez-Lamus" authorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa guaneae" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guaneae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa guaneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 27). 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ICN 47980, ICN 34229, ICN 19558" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Charala, Virolin, Canaverales, El Reloj" country="Colombia" location="Hacienda La Sierra" municipality="Cuchilla del Fara" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander" typeStatus="paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Santander">Santander</collectingRegion>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Charalá">
<collectorName>Charala</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Virolín">
<collectorName>Virolin</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cañaverales">
<collectorName>Canaverales</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, sector 
<collectorName>El Reloj</collectorName>
: ICN 5197, 8555, 8557, 12770-72, 34230, 
<collectingMunicipality>Cuchilla del Fara</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN47980">ICN 47980</accessionNumber>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:7E983C3553FC99EBC3A8664762B8FAA4" country="Colombia" municipality="Cuchilla del Fara" name="Hacienda La Sierra" stateProvince="Santander">Hacienda La Sierra</location>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN34229">ICN 34229</accessionNumber>
-30, km 56: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN19558">ICN 19558</accessionNumber>
, UIS-A 1369, UIS-A 2078, UIS-A 2082, UIS-A 2179, UIS-A 2317, UIS-A 2325-6, UIS-A 2891, UIS-A 2893, UIS-A 2895, UIS-A 2898-9, 
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
UIS-A 2203, UIS-A 2320, UIS-A 2324, UIS-A 2897
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="López-Perilla &amp; Fernández-Roldán &amp; Meza-Joya &amp; Medina-Rangel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa muisca" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa muisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 54). 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ICN 60319, ICN 58245" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Bojaca, Roble Hueco, La Esmeralda, Predio Penas Blancas, Granada, El Soche, Roquemonte, Parque Chicaque" country="Colombia" location="Hacienda La Tribuna" municipality="San Antonio del Tequendama" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">
<collectorName>Bojaca</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, vereda 
<collectorName>Roble Hueco</collectorName>
, predio 
<collectorName>La Esmeralda</collectorName>
: IAvH-Am-17413-22, 
<collectorName>
Predio 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peñas">Penas</normalizedToken>
Blancas
</collectorName>
: IAvH-Am-17423-28; 
<collectorName>Granada</collectorName>
, hacienda 
<collectorName>El Soche</collectorName>
: ICN 3544-48, MVZ 167997*; 
<collectingMunicipality>San Antonio del Tequendama</collectingMunicipality>
, vereda 
<collectorName>Roquemonte</collectorName>
, cerca de entrada 
<collectorName>Parque Chicaque</collectorName>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN60319">ICN 60319</accessionNumber>
-25; Silvania, vereda Noruega Alta, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:68127DD9D8034E3326947C012F442319" country="Colombia" municipality="San Antonio del Tequendama" name="Hacienda La Tribuna" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Hacienda La Tribuna</location>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN58245">ICN 58245</accessionNumber>
-58268; Soacha, vereda Cascajal: IAvH-Am-17429
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brame &amp; Wake" authorityYear="1963" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa nicefori" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa nicefori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 13). 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ICN 50000, ICN 58223" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="El Mortino, Piedecuesta, Los Monos, Los Santos, El Carrizal, Utopia, Guapota, Las Flores, La Chocolatera, San Gil, San Jose, La Esperanza" country="Colombia" county="Floridablanca" location="Torrentosa" municipality="El Mortino" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Santander">Santander</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty>Floridablanca</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectorName>
<collectingMunicipality>
El 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mortiño">Mortino</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
, quebrada 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:D9BAA81A8896279024C18ACAA4175083" country="Colombia" county="Floridablanca" municipality="El Mortino" name="Torrentosa" stateProvince="Santander">Torrentosa</location>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN50000">ICN 50000</accessionNumber>
, 58227, 58231; Zapatoca, finca Los Puentes, quebrada Uchuvala: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN58223">ICN 58223</accessionNumber>
-24, 58226; 
<collectorName>Piedecuesta</collectorName>
, vereda 
<collectorName>Los Monos</collectorName>
: UIS-A 2987, UIS-A 2991; 
<collectorName>Los Santos</collectorName>
, vereda 
<collectorName>El Carrizal</collectorName>
, finca 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Utopía">
<collectorName>Utopia</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
: UIS-A 5273-4; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guapotá">
<collectorName>Guapota</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, vereda 
<collectorName>Las Flores</collectorName>
, finca 
<collectorName>La Chocolatera</collectorName>
: UIS-A 5264; 
<collectorName>San Gil</collectorName>
, vereda 
<collectorName>
San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, finca 
<collectorName>La Esperanza</collectorName>
: UIS-A 5270-1
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brame &amp; Wake" authorityYear="1963" class="Amphibia" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Bolitoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitoglossa pandi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pandi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Bolitoglossa pandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 20). 
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ICN 45500, ICN 58492" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Villeta, La Esmeralda" country="Colombia" location="Buenos Aires Alta" municipality="Pandi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Pandi</collectingMunicipality>
, vereda 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A20FF296692C52CBA46D56B87934B936:FB0FA37FCA2EDFD12FBFEF35155FE6C6" country="Colombia" municipality="Pandi" name="Buenos Aires Alta" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Buenos Aires Alta</location>
: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN45500">ICN 45500</accessionNumber>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Supatá">Supata</normalizedToken>
, vereda Las Lajas, reserva Cuzcungos: 
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ICN58492">ICN 58492</accessionNumber>
-05, 
<collectorName>Villeta</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>La Esmeralda</collectorName>
: IAvH-Am-10303-08
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>